CBSE 10th Science Exam 2021 : Important Practical Questions & Solutions

In this article, you will get important practical based questions for CBSE
class 10 Science Board Exam 2021. All the questions are thoroughly
solved.

Given below are some very important practical based questions to

prepare for CBSE Class 10 Science exam:

1. A student adds a spoon full of powdered sodium hydrogen carbonate to

a flask containing ethanoic acid. List two main observations that he/she
must note in his/her notebook about the reaction that takes place. Also,
write the chemical equation for the reaction

Answer:

Two main observations during the reaction are:

(i) Brisk effervescence

(ii) Sodium acetate is formed

The chemical equation for the reaction is:

2CH3COOH + Na2CO3 → 2CH3COONa + CO2 + H2O

2. Mention the essential material (chemicals) to prepare soap in the

laboratory. Describe in brief the test of determining the nature
(acidic/alkaline) of the reaction mixture of saponification reaction.

Answer:

Raw Materials Required For the preparation of soap in the laboratory are :

 Vegetable oil
 Sodium Hydroxide
 Common salt

Test to determine the nature of reaction mixture: When a red litmus paper
is dipped in the reaction mixture, the paper changes its colour to blue.
Hence, the reaction mixture of the saponification reaction is basic in nature.

3. Write two precautions to be taken while identifying different parts of an

embryo of a dicot seed.
Answer:

(i) The slide should be properly focused.

(ii) Slide should be observed first under low-power magnification and then
under high-power magnification of the compound microscope.

4. A student is to conduct an experiment to show CO2 is released during

respiration. List two precautions that he/she must take for obtaining correct
observation.

Answer:

Two precautions to be taken are:

(i) Germinating seeds (living) should be used.

(ii) The experiment set up must be air-tight.

5. A student focuses the image of a candle flame, placed at about 2 m from

a convex lens of focal length 10 cm, on a screen. After that, he moves
gradually the flame towards the lens and each time focuses its image on
the screen.

(a) In which direction does he move the lens to focus the flame on the
screen?

(b) What happens to the size of the image of the flame formed on the
screen?

(c) What difference is seen in the intensity (brightness) of the image of the
flame on the screen?

(d) What is seen on the screen when the flame is very close (at about 5
cm) to the lens?

Answer:

(a) The student moves the lens away from the screen to focus the image
because on moving the candle towards the lens, the image distance
increases.
(b)The size of the image increases when the object is moved towards the
lens.
(c) Intensity of the image decreases.
(d) When the candle is moved very close to the lens, no image is formed on
the screen. A virtual image is formed behind the candle on the same side of
the screen.

6. A student dropped a few pieces of marble in dilute hydrochloric acid

contained in a test tube. The evolved gas was then passed through lime
water. What change would be observed in lime water? Write balanced
chemical equation for both the change observed?

Answer:

When dilute HCl is added to marble which is calcium carbonate, it forms

calcium chloride, water and carbon dioxide. The chemical equation for the
reaction is as follows:

CaCO3 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + H2O + CO2

Carbon dioxide gas turns lime water milky due to the formation of calcium
carbonate.

The chemical equation showing the reaction between lime water and
carbon dioxide is as follows:

Ca(OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 + H2O

7. An incomplete ray diagram is shown below where the image A'B' for an
object AB (placed somewhere in front of the lens) is formed after refraction
through the convex lens.

Observe the above and use the given information to fill in the following
blanks :

(i) The object AB would have been placed _________ .

(ii) Size of the object would have been_________than the size of image.

Answer:

(i) The object AB would have been placed beyond 2F

(ii) Size of the object would have been greater than the size of an image.
8. What happens when ethanol is heated with acidified potassium
dichromate solution? Write the chemical equation.

Answer:

Ethanol is oxidised to ethanoic acid with the help of acidified K2Cr2O7.

CH3CH2OH + 2O → CH3COOH + H2O

9. Students were asked to observe the permanent slides showing different

stages of budding in yeast under high power of a microscope.

(a) Which adjustment screw (coarse/fine) were you asked to move to focus
the slides?

(b) Draw three diagrams in a correct sequence showing budding in yeast.

Answer:

(a) A fine screw is used to focus the slides of budding in yeast under high
power of a microscope. (b) Sequence showing budding in yeast:

10. 5% alkaline potassium permanganate solution is added drop by drop in

a test tube containing warm ethanol. Write your observation and chemical
equation of the reaction taking place.

Answer:

On adding 5% alkaline potassium permanganate (KMnO4) solution to warm

ethanol, the purple colour of KMnO4 disappears with the appearance of
brown colour and a smell of vinegar which indicates the formation of acetic
acid.

11. The values of current I flowing in a given resistor for the corresponding
values of potential difference V across the resistor are given below:
Plot a graph between V and I and calculate the resistance of the resistor.

Answer:

The plot for V vs. I for the given data is shown below:

The voltage is plotted on x-axis and current is plotted on the y-axis.

12. Draw a path of a light ray passing through a prism. Label angle of
incidence and angle of deviation in the ray diagram.

Answer:

Diagram showing the path of a light ray passing through a prism is given
below:
Here, i = angle of incidence

e = angle of deviation

13. What do you observe when you drop a few drops of acetic acid to a test
tube containing:

(a) Phenolphthalein

(b) Distilled water

(c) Universal indicator

(d) Sodium hydrogen carbonate

Answer:

Acetic acid is a weak acid. On adding to the given solutions, it will show the
following observations:

(a) Acetic acid will remain colourless in phenolphthalein which is a base

indicator.

(b) Acetic acid will dissolve in distilled water forming a clear solution.

(c) Acetic acid turns the colour of the universal indicator to pale orange.

(d) When added to sodium hydrogen carbonate powder, acetic acid will
give brisk effervescence due to the formation of CO2 gas.

14. Mention the four events that occur during binary fission in amoeba.

Answer:

Four events that occur during binary fission in amoeba are:

(i) The cell elongates.

(ii) The amount of cytoplasm and nucleus gets doubled.

(iii) A furrow forms.

(iv) The cell divides into two daughter cells.

15. A student added a few pieces of aluminium metal to two test tubes A
and B containing aqueous solutions of iron sulphate and copper sulphate.
In the second part of her experiment, she added iron metal to another test
tubes C and D containing aqueous solutions of aluminium sulphate and
copper sulphate. In which test tube or test tubes will she observe the colour
change? On the basis of this experiment, state which one is the most
reactive metal and why?

Answer:

In the test tube A, B, D she will observe colour change (No splitting of
marks) Aluminum is the most reactive metal, because it displaces Iron, Zinc
and Copper from their aqueous salt solutions.

16. What is observed when a solution of sodium sulphate is added to a

solution of barium chloride taken in a test tube? Write equation for the
chemical reaction involved and name the type of reaction in this case.

Answer:

When a solution of sodium sulphate is added to a solution of barium

chloride taken in a test tube formation of a white precipitate is observed.

Chemical equation for reaction is:

Na2SO4 (aq) + BaCl2 (aq) → BaSO4 (s) + 2NaCl (aq)

(white ppt.)

This is a type of double displacement reaction.

17. List the steps of preparation of temporary mount of a leaf peel to

observe stomata.

Answer:

The steps are:

i. Removal of peel from leaf.

ii. Stain with safranin.

iii. Put the stained peel on a clean slide.

iv. Mount it with glycerine and coverslip.

18. Name the process by which an amoeba reproduces. Draw the various
stages of its reproduction in a proper sequence.

Answer:

Amoeba reproduces by the method of binary fission.

Diagram to show the various stages of reproduction in amoeba is given

below:

The practice is the key to sure success. So, students must solve more and
more practice questions to assess their preparation for the board exams
and keep a track of their performance.