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Py Chapter 2 Topic 1

ALLADI CLOUD TRAINING

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15 views6 pages

Py Chapter 2 Topic 1

ALLADI CLOUD TRAINING

Uploaded by

actnowcloud
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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INPUT & PRINT STATEMENTS IN PYTHON

Python provides several ways to handle input and output (I/O) operations. These
operations are fundamental in programming as they allow interaction between the
user and the program.

1. Input in Python

Python has a built-in function called input() that is used to take input from the
user. By default, the input is treated as a string, so you may need to convert it to
other data types like integers or floats if necessary.

Syntax:
input(prompt)

 prompt: A message that is displayed to the user before taking input.

Example:

name = input("Enter your name: ")


print("Hello, " + name)
Converting Input:

Since input() returns a string, you may need to convert it using functions like
int(), float(), etc.

age = int(input("Enter your age: ")) # Converts input


to an integer
height = float(input("Enter your height: ")) #
Converts input to a float

2. Output in Python

Python provides the print() function to output data to the screen.

Syntax:

print(*objects, sep=' ', end='\n', file=sys.stdout,


flush=False)

 *objects: The objects to be printed, separated by spaces by default.


 sep: The separator between objects (default is space).
 end: The string appended after the last object (default is a newline).
 file: Where the output goes (default is sys.stdout).
 flush: Forces the output stream to be flushed (default is False).

Basic Usage:

print("Hello, World!")
Printing Multiple Values:

name = "Alladi"
age = 25
print("Name:", name, "Age:", age)
Changing the Separator:

By default, Python separates items with a space. You can change this using the
sep parameter.
print("apple", "banana", "cherry", sep=", ")
# Output: apple, banana, cherry
Changing the End Character:

The end parameter defines what to print at the end of the output. By default, it's a
newline (\n).

print("Hello", end=" ")


print("World!")
# Output: Hello World!

3. Formatted Output in Python

Python offers various ways to format strings for output. The most common
methods are:

 Concatenation using +: You can concatenate strings with the + operator.

name = "Bob"
age = 30
print("Name: " + name + ", Age: " + str(age))

 Using str.format(): This method is more flexible than concatenation.

name = "Alladi"
age = 25
print("Name: {}, Age: {}".format(name, age))

 f-strings (Python 3.6+): The f-strings are a concise way to embed


expressions inside string literals.
name = "Charlie"
age = 22
print(f"Name: {name}, Age: {age}")
Formatting Numbers:

pi = 3.14159
print(f"Value of pi: {pi:.2f}")

# Output: Value of pi: 3.14

4. Input and Output with Files

Python can also handle I/O with files. You can read from or write to files using the
built-in open() function.

Opening a File:

file = open('example.txt', 'r') # Open file in read


mode

 'r': Read mode (default).


 'w': Write mode (creates a new file or overwrites an existing file).
 'a': Append mode (writes data at the end of the file).
 'b': Binary mode (for reading and writing binary files).

Reading from a File:

with open('example.txt', 'r') as file:


content = file.read()
print(content)
Writing to a File:

with open('example.txt', 'w') as file:


file.write("Hello, World!")

Examples

Example 1: Basic Input and Output

name = input("What is your name? ")


age = int(input("How old are you? "))
print(f"Hello {name}, you are {age} years old.")
Example 2: Formatting Output

name = "Alice"
balance = 1234.56
print(f"{name}, your account balance is:
${balance:,.2f}")
# Output: Alice, your account balance is: $1,234.56
Example 3: Reading and Writing Files

# Writing to a file
with open('data.txt', 'w') as file:
file.write("Python is fun!\n")

# Reading from a file


with open('data.txt', 'r') as file:
content = file.read()
print(content)

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