/ he Valee bach Place in a number has & wns Valoé | Value oF « igit i's defer mined by ease. our base ten system utes Tew digits OL2Z374756789 Each Place is a peweR FF te, ~ Whole umbers (eds, of Make 2 Leo! ws 0 NS, TO Joao | /07: f0* jo! [O° Jo! Jo-e lo-2 phyesantds[dawdeeehe[) Tew | ewes tenths hrwckeths thousavths és &# Nanbers Whole numbers a ie be naturel Vambers | iIneladin Vatura| Numbers are he counts nambers and dent indade O. 2 Lateger =, are positNe an Weg aleve le Nur bers. —ConsecuTVe numbers follow cw Sépuence A AEA AAS AB oe Eval Miugber CON be, bnhent it Eo oo Vemam der: egua OLD oper eta tant te brehen as Suckhationg| numbers @he numbers Wak CAN he expresse as a fatio et Cae integers. - Ue tayee ee or ses E Xamph - ar z of ratona/ numbers ue = Eardire \Lrralied el pumbers CANT be _leupresséd 43 a rete of Cio integers Examples of Boe ee irrational Mumbers 15 € , VZ Wate ik an whi SP ivraBinal wumler REAL, pinbers are aif te neabers — hat Fon a number Lne. - _ Heel numbers include. be Ze -afonal + ang irra fional lim hers. — VT ane Yo are not ree Z : Z —Wthalonal numbers Cant be pinponfen— aa 0 & number bare but they ave ere. Dima gingry Numbers are Sfuare fats _ “ef hegative humbers 4 2V-/_ z=2 wt ‘Complex numbers Gre CombinaTions of heal 4nd) lmaginarg hum bers.Neg: i see ea bie Integers \ “21-82 ON Whole poset ___letegers _ natural Numbers eco Se€ of real numbers : Tirratiena | Numbers jase ie | Rakiena Numbers | | {| | Dategecs eo eae te+] Dea Basic Operations feu can do Sour basic operations 4 number Addition adden + adden] = Sum Subtraction Minuewd - Subtrahend = Ditferencs Multiplication Factor x FACTOR = Praduct Division __ Dividend 4 Diviser = Quotienl Even nz ambers. CAN he broken in Ls ‘Wo (Paris With 2ething lef ever. ~4-2,0,2,4.. Odo numbers haye an tdi! Pemaindser leftover when hroken /w Two .,-3-) 13... [4 [ed | AN) (X_T a7 TE | p/ Eve | ede | 0d verre ae adel J ere | ere SENN SEMEN | 4 ay ORDER OF OPERATIONS | Piven hesix = Clean iyo ppeialin jut hare 1 E Xpenents axl roots" thoy le fé Se LIGAT LL alliplic Ati en Di ViSipal Werk fem ele te tar? Ph OL. es VA aie go se Fight clos, Ge hon t+ Te Add. 4% poste Niember ani) 4 Negafve Mim per —"/gnare phe Squs, Cafe CKe, 4, Wecwscce ‘oF LOGE Es andl ada ce SGA oF AtzeR Neco leet| | Cuvting, He number of int integers (betas integers I$ exactly one end doit 15 inehie df Sinph, Ni btvects he d frerence” 7S EC BAS SEF a pa ase Sa seedy \ 2 3 °4 sutegers Obie end points ¢ nee jatlad ed, eet — ente ani ado OWE. — {oposite aye 4-S24 4 bf Ale S a — LE ea a ts 4 2 clecled, OG “a Gone lle me owe Sepuowee z ee fas Les, ‘second, a Bet, ee |for even or. , edd Con S€aupive SeguenCes scents wi WA, USE th +2, ‘m+, Mtb. aeNumber 7 ey, Fundamental TWeorem. oS ARITHMETIC a Every Com osite MamhbeR Can be expressed as a produch OF prime Mumbers (n_ exactly ové tyay. — pene L ers are either Brame. or Onpssite ee a 72? bers AEE sitive st ave. eee a Tia afer = E ont anol i tse, Be Set oF prime wiegers is intuite. Composite. pruners, bate Myre than oe and / tse/: ors. i Factors fae asactor oF a number 7s an da Leg er at A Vi wes Crews ently i ilo avotheR With No a 1 -Alse called, Aivisers ae —Compesite vanbers have & SiniLe_ Set ot integers factors ——[MaTtigles — are the products oF © gives Pint Factorization ae eee aga Alas treated Whew Miktphed WthER iNfeger, __- Qlery LLe. AS A, » White Set Set af Aas = All Composile Numbers are. eer oF = of ppt Numbers.Divisi be [ty 1 Reales ‘Whed aweé ber is Aide ia Bor aid wo ee ena WES, ees a | n_dbbvisible by le by Gi. other Num ber. a % is not chvisble by Vy, 7 ae Will be a temainde!? site i MDS Veal lity, Rubs - oe ers O-/0 — TO == We numberis dvis:be ee (4 — Everg number is fvesi b/d | 2— > AY even numbers ae og j Even Numbers enc ree fb br 3s 4 we Sig. of Z of feiss fs Lv. oe seeeeeeeee a: be 4,3, tHe Number vs Misbig b Y> LP be lasr a agits are Aisble > 2} td ar digit is O 6 or 5. im b= MusT be even and Awsible by ZB < Yo Mo Simple pule. Here gee yt os oly hows nize iiarzs Sa dhe bs 9 22 Be els ges Jee) Cues Age Lb Subtract eH ee ie ONES AUT | Mangers. of LE ULE bees Ls ANS ble 6 by ? hens Be he Og a 3 | EG, 3x Z = 45 SE], S22= > Lf He lee 3 dhgits are LE LE 19> Sum of digits ts deusible_ b 6 => Numb ends (4 O a| as oe Hi sor is Sa Cxum plea a Prime factor aura Lebo A. bam potonratto, fegp LING Sv GCA- / neta ryeog Pepe eee oie Seinen Fiza a 2:3-2-5= "3/36 = Is eae I zie == . —_ ipa Test” FACTOR, 0 GCF ee 3 P Lewion OL ene he 9: BS aeneaea | more numbers Share Pim Paco 2ifion Me thed A Jui GO a do Prime tactori tation oF Al] Numbers Sse see ee Wiaich Primes are Common es ae Common! prints. BLOWNEST — oie Batley of gil be hisest - Aaa dope Ft : OS 4 ee ee fan a A 60 U5 and Fo | 60 4s ie ie caefae ats ores 0 wh Sea —|Lia wot Comin Ze All AM eae > hi hut eee lade Com mow ee, pe ree <6 bali. 34 52/5 =you ee a 2 ae Numbers aud frol GLE fing EE [32 [rh 23 FG bo) §—— 30} ll, 3 5 9 15 Ge | WUNZE5 LINED BD Ys Lo uo Ce feel Htelor— Com men! Io All 2 sh Da Fin ding LieaeT Copia We Mal Tijole z (teu) using Pome ficlori 2a7 a, oat UsSé Same meted as © CE, is Tyme Choosé every bnigue Lp age aco To the LARGEST EST” degree, ead in Budd LO oF YZ, Jb. ’uh Po — [e225 Faz ciguae Reak- 3 —| feel py: dng we prime 42, 3 tani, al tb, ee} CAch “nae 37 z — lye epee Bh 8 = te ye arse espe fot Con HI sr ft ae Aes tof 7 and Sud, ee elDivision by Homes method pe aanea| ee i “Fad ve 04-12, 78 ae 20 : 214 2 108 120 Fn brine? Cop en paring ‘a 2 ani Atul? ou Ee ee ZY 60-_keep 90g EE eee 3 | 3 27 30 ae # oT St 2 4 —G— ing do = ass ae a 4 T = 2-7 Z oy ia Hel. ‘ply PU The ouT sie Wambers’ ____ primes | _2-205-2-09 § = f0fo = LEA, ONE URE UEThod Ba-atGg Loe oon Wath ole of a8 cee yet fer leg x or mae $IAfles pata 4 {SO Siecle Arad fale. oF Sina ller Niembeys Fin Lou Fb. 7 7B You. Kate 63, = = Mubtiples esa Mage #Uikigles | Gy 3h, 54 TBH) ith 6 ors Ts 90 w mulliple AIS) Ses, LEAee a 3/? 6 2 Caen 7 gy a HEX 7 = 10 ]O /2 A . A ob wxe 72 lbnug ue Pusde A Lite! Loqree 2 x a x 6K? Se SS1 be eee LCH- fe GLE az a i 14s Cte We of a te. emsel ves. he gg. oF 2.3 |Exanplez (sii |GcF = aoe Jitees fe oulesl degree end = 4, puke é privé “pe TOUS LigheZ cbgree a ae. = =27l 82H = 432=6672 tuo, Lon a Tilo Nien hers = Pipe doe Lael dtding wt ze —FGorx _Sneé GCr« LEH = AB B27 # | av GCE LE AB ee = Se at = 2c Ta a cee Semyties ate relatively Prime — have No Common prime Number IS” and [4 ove veletively prome\Cvery number is dvb Ye bay 1 itsege Mo tint Frat a are — parle FE Z Dale e p Phas ada Fe td eyo Wels Namber Uoore oc ) ber bits & visor greater Kans i Csetf Hemiwileex 154 1s Alay Sena ller eae ieee Numbers aN are FESENTED ca beTileen iwlegers On a ars ae a ue A 23 _A=" humera a > Senor wae B= MYST be, Ione LES aap: je judd null, Shoe we eu ie ae a — fat ipa tei Pniee : oe Lihow lees utraciov, Just nella ACrOSS Numerafers aro AenmwalOrs| Soling Complex Fractions _ Tea eee eee eee i a 7B A. & AD 226 ee Cae eee Oe nee neeyacaen ne Sees AD Sher Cui Lt Be Godirethy To —» Bc or multy lg. bg LCM a agian L | Con ter Venti improper Fractions ty mite) Minbers v 4%, & —— Ltanple A Fa a2 a Sasa (fog Facies Fe — Ceres a A idle 04h OCF fron numere~s = _ and yee ee Ss Cxample: 2b GCF PALHL = = 2B SE GL Comparing fraction = —Juihe?”, = To Ju of rad set ie ol: iia es bith Coy pare eT ion Soe aa = | FOF a Bogimptoper fractal. Jo” Convert improper = oi Xe nugbeEr, wee ee pea fr AIO Ge L vide 2M 0771 Nee Leg, age dif a ee ‘ trachen Cal PAIK, exam ple. Be aed AES ea | 7 90 ile 243! Fim With 2. at A —| Bie Len alee $§ cua : * Elie b Yaink: How many Pmer (lees =3 te _ —— " A\s pea & oe Seow Piabul : —— ae Ea agra ae aaa fat te iit T aBasie Rales of Numbers LDnverse Laperly oe : Fennel ees ererg. ZL nice ber 2, —Q Ss (€8 @dd bve averse Such | leo een 2c Aaa (aT lo fd Ex VeRSE-, ulipe D ie es a | For every fea, EE er A, a is. it,5 Dif heelive ners a Suck ERA ? a aoa ee eee CON es at Perse nes SS Proper er7 pes 3 a for ever ae Pena Se num bers bes a [ Here exists a real number c Se eae eee Bee ae i EERE (VAST) Tamme Sans Eee ase Aa 2 eet Ta Aas ALA CA) = fla) =A J “Cons waite 2s te FE Axiom Mie elie i ord er OF ing Spire ter if Tits i orm phere a al eed — Orb re = eb bre —= bee| Zero begets N-n=n+Cn)= sean i9e On Su oyun feast ae bot O2N=0- uae tt axb20, tey éite2z a= or b Distri hufive Froperty ace - albte)=ab+ac = atbse) a Fraction. jes nee i Co ae — a Fraction is [eal action Js [realy a A yosion Problem, $aash -arbsaxpae - Ae oo A ~ asa=al Ay wumbe3x Aided] | re by it tself bguals ane. ta Ib eee Bree rea mcg Tp a> pa 7 aba ee he set of numbers above ate Called Kec prouls pee are Two numbers whose 4 Prolec Aa. OWE. [EF G2, Kew AL=ab as acd | DF asa, “Pea atb-atb — a cate Sire ae a fe i= Ao = HS) — ms be =abealb\=ab i ofc ca 4 c | 7 ee bees ae ane a aa feComply Fracton’s Oute Num bers with a | Fraction as & Numerator anol a traction Soe ae a denomi neon — _ at— Product OF ExTremes ee b Gt pein: ses ae a ee icremes gee eee a be A Praluct 5 rneawS Cxample: 2 2 1 2 E il Sp og AE as pool By} ae cai eo 7 a OW fushiowt Wag 2 Zz ae J ang a = Reale Sor simp |i Sying ae jee Te — (2s ee ee. @)+ YE) a ba 7)More Dro per fe oF Sractions iu anne by ie iews ill pradusce _— am Examples: 5242 5%2= lo ie 72. Seep at gee oe i Maltiphig by Fractions ld UY Dredeece mobers ee Examples + WO#L ~/e. & 54/0 Seine a 7 Zz 8 8 Nekh Lowe Properties _oF numbers | Gth= hwo. aol ab=pe pe Q-b + b-a and athfhta a-b = —(tb=a) sepia sees ee ec eco [ [-%e —Ke7 : aan se = = | FTESIWejuel Les Gees SAp7é _—_ eae tye Apes Ee ot — tye : ee 4 (Cdiag. NMCGET ve Upitom bare! ie Lf AAB the Heeb te 2 (YA26, Hel DB 1k e220 —¥ {Zl A 2B, ues AC>B ree : AAA 2 BES = Es aerate Fe pass LF dS Ea APG LEE 7 ee Lf ash, “wee ab isp lve Wb, Be A-D is Wegarve aes a aug b me Be rire a Lo) agin “ = Hew! Y a ts I ai anit, en Hew ye - aida a exam ple: Ae B =3Z. aa acini 28. Yeoe Absolute [ikee eee Solute Bale — | vs He acticaf 2 TS 7 ons O ce \positile i — il Megetile Nusthers pa VS ES OF MU petal — 4 i Jah — | Posi Te We passant Tet g |= Tae OK 1 iE CLO {x =4| = [v-% aoe i ag we 7a Samé distant befilees pant K. lt ia eed Ga fa » poste or =| 3 —eaze rae gee a or SuMocl, liste, Pe Set |X] tn Witann tb of: A STértie oo Zz : eee a ee heel Su La hh | Fae -|yf ig bs Jal oatSohing Lueguahbes ith Absolit. Vilee Dale at [anfeb Setiahy — btacs, BLE EO TE te Mars sets Feater— -b anf fess Ben — a | Selig - for Xin in problems of form — faxcthlac By debai ton, bs He €7ualioh HIeanS: rye re: — Pees uclice en eye eines er puruia -b -h ob Subba ce Ve hilo ~C-bh 2 an<=c-b -¢-beaxec-b seta 1 a a a Divide all Tes by @ ~e-he x= eb - Fi L Sh Tow ” = qo i rangle 13 1425 Gig trjaarFaw Ht lnc eee Sines re ET E {| =4 SVE | fun AL _-9=A BxveSolving Lrepuahhes With Absoh te Ve (coor) Sideus of fal >b aitsh, a2-bor adb_ [Si4g aor x id fof leon af farm — fax +h | >C By etalon Cee Means: as BE ee OR axph se | ae = _ Se frx ax th e-e ax th se- Sables ¢-b | ax2z-e-b ax > c-b Dis Vile Ow a 2. a a . _ Sofefio: Re SAab ee ae eee. ses Be a f nana Exrmple: — /3x po fis ae 1g Se ee BX ey 2-5 SXe7 = ieee ea Raeeenactee nae ed 3x > / Ss 2 Ss is Sa oe Sl : zBaf rors. aad [axrbhf[se Aiobhee Lhe “uy > SMe Wepual hes them, Aap Splt Be Bh seteZ2. Vale ins, is fo LBiach "Both... for’ 2 big giferente bthent te absolte flatec tia _less thay tho EB al anil To think "Es thea... ort lhe € ab sete Valut is gbeater Cai lela, He, OAL AV x/ =x het Ko . ~ Kaw! Kee | fjaxthlaec | fax+#b/se Bum plea ey) eT e/a) SS LT ante 2 fpebleys| Plt nto 2 problems D447 <5 an) -BrryJe5| 3xpy4>5or-Gxty)>= Bxt4e 5 -3Bx-F 45 | Bx¢y>F -3Bx-Y oS -¥|-47 wt te —4 -¥ 27 ¥e. Be ey. ex =F 3x >4 oe > iy — 3xe! -3x 5 4 Bx>/ =3x>9_ ot! 23229) 3 3 _=3) FS [27 an _X > =3 4 KL ak — XK<-3BDecimals Decimal are tes ZnS anes sé exclusively jn base Anum ber Ss a decimal To tenVert any fraction To qecrmAl ditde denominator inte num beradr. Since A. A+B = B/JA DEL yc O.75 3 ~424 = 113.00 — 4 set) BC. 3B AdadinG. anid Lees Leo aals Ls exAmplt 0.073 + 2.0/3 = £.0/3 a O.E73 When mult plying decimal, Vi pet Need Fo ie wp fleet dial boys Me lb bid won num bersWhen dh ideg decimals the disor must- be an ittegor hea not Using 4 cabeubater. A520. OAS5/25- Aiden’ —t ri a = % henge Hyisor Co vateger, SEY Lhe deeme) pool 70 ght anti) GOs ay ialeger Litt eejmef Port. gat bilenl, the Sanne er te 4 ftimal Spaces, Sbire basicly Hiding by he Seome nal pl 2 JO O5(250 —> 5([250 hen au m cine. by ten’, Move. Deer port le ag by Be Damber— OF O'S Ley power © Example 0.000607 % fo00 =O0,607 Wheq divide adecimal wi didisor ef Ly a Payer oe ben, ynove 1 © dle ad Poin te Lest bby’ Ee OF O'S Am the power 04 Jo. Cxuatple 0.00007 + [000 = 9.000060 607 \eulat; S$ hav i tal er @ made man bus et dcr ea b some tines ase Use pencil ou ealing tt jpediims ot dle ep lenCon Verting Frachins | Io decimals and Remember a fracher Je =f lianas froble Si =. 328 = = 513300 ce To convert 3 think Hows poan'y mes 7 -24 ¢ Ke ae ioe does ® “f into Df 60 decimal point aad 4, re a /o : OM NATO v- Ce oe \O0o a8 deceet 3 OF dead he STS 4/25 | 3 [00 +I” 8 Y sou Can easy lon Vert a denonp neler Miqte A. paiek oF ten, ron of doit ie Pr 25 2 at =0.24 Ty tad a Part o eglar alge iW 4 re ee7 p imal , Not “a. h in doh eg ctr G gl Ve peating Fads CBS ier 3c digit repeats Gremle | op yszp997 fe ge, gion the Fh x, GansPercests Rereents ace a Speci fic Zypé of raction. Per tent Areca) PICRAS "for every Be pean ee PercEnts are traction? a J Wiay s AIVE JOO th e en em i WaTer Questions a be Famed as"4 is whe percent oF AX Z Ways Te So/ve 7 Direc trans /yFaw Y= % AO sehing fe wn %, fa fa Zo. se 4p 7 4 (0.4 = 20-xX oa Ss > Beak Gueston $s v9ny gle be fresnef as” Sales Cax on « 440.00 (Cer /s A220, Lhe ’s He safes Eax pale: 4 YO. *& _$ 270 /00 110 Ly ee oo. “o (00 )Changing ee ee to decivaals Jo fer CéexTs antl back agen Aince pertewt ba desesth end Heep aad s tre frechorn (aVer Chang & Chere ad Hepentrng oft nie Y yaaa beefiow ya see ee 4 or Wao 2.75— AU of the above E%presSi0m § are Che Saar: Io Change MoE Geeimal Co a er Cen, § A70VE Ye decimal pont bo the RiEw7 Tuo a CLS — - 2.60382 23285 2,8 2 380% Te chauge tay Pt Cal To deciers€ ArucHocr, Move Che decimat ae Jo the LEFT” Tie, places, and drop be fer Cex7 Synto/ 3.6 . O.0O36 = 3 froco 2 Sraclon. aaa Leer 8 og oe gee CuK Aa 77) Gr 2 Frye ja be por ee woe OLB = bd. fe 62 622 262 van 00 to 0 [000erect Npphcetons What per cewt of 60 : pe oes SNE Syme ey ieee s ae or box= E. 20g LaF 220 ee Same Guestions may be phrased What nemberis 20% of 60 Foil >= 28% 60% _ 17 Yo | 7 Ah ff B= 22 aA 30% of (00 = 006 ef Bo De = Boe Zofe 4 fEe = (efe oF 22 2 ZFer Coq LWCreasé ard/ Per tent” Decrease Whe quanitites change, We tan Sod! (le Pereent- Change be ‘4 asking 2 We Change is What % ef riginal amcurT! Pnilens C°CENT INCREASE — Discover the db flerevce LeVieew Ovi gi Wal Aout o— - Divide the ohh Sberence aie _ OVIG) WAL AnzonA7T~ tA twerease = artuall iverease Origine’ amount a /A-B y Az Anat. & «he a a. J Ctam ple VesT ue Tianl : * ifr Au teen Pritt af IP wou Change WM Cost 851.75 Next year due iW $laton bihat io the Current pare Of iatlatioN per vear? 2 Atlee chang é = 8&0 76- oe Before oe =4¥%S2.20 $475 —Fo0 i 50 joo) % = (Zete)", 3-9PertéaT DECrEASE Actuel decreasé 6x, Decrease Sram origi nat eben [00> GO [00 —80 = 20 8075 4 20% J0C0 a Z0R décreasé 2% C08, Keal forvaala Gor" ob decreasé (4 taj) Hb A-> A+ ¢tER Chang & Bo Before change To increas € & hamber b 22, Mal jal y ‘e 7 (/+ x ho). er - by 25%. Ly(/+Z5B) a $ud2 02 To decrease a number by Kio, multiply it by (1-%%), " Cvampls, that is 50 deerensext L, 2% 50(/- 25%) faa 50(/-0.25) = 50(0.15) = Difference creas Fring PocaKatio Ratios are simply mathe mati cel Cart Pali Ans mpariag means making connection S, i ScoVering simileri ties | differences, or Finding Some relation ship between things. Percents are ratios. PerectS Compare everyting To |00. The p rast "the vafio & K to yi ds trans lated te: ‘Key Che Sincé ratios ook, y and realla are fracti ah Ge rules a- frections Apply 76 retios the ratio aha te the ithe equals AFB Com mon prableet-» distr; bing amounts given [000 1s Te be dist ibAed the ratio A Br 4s, eke aA oe tee recipients get 7 ep 3+4t Fe IZ wt, ‘here ave (2 Perf, aA 2 IE gas 3 ports = 63I5x3 2450 2M gets 4parTs or 33319 and 4B ad's 5x 83h = 4b 7% GNen tide 4,Combined or "Mid he’ Aabos fou may is Problems Mth talos 21, He orm bre cf tf a & ant by What is @ ? Tey are Framed, as, at S = 673 foc, What is ake Fumie? 2 Pte Oe Pe Dafoe a. ha — OAS Ca need fiake ae e eee G "YE Same <7 ALk fuflos, fe 7 is 2S /Lple Cache iy ee 3 melboy Goch b, = bn HZ ee JE prflo 2 by be her be Corm Tae os ultiph Ge Geb= ean i fil he Mnaktply the 24 bho by Me [Eb term é. ic b Lif f 4.4 4. Z-£.- 2 vohen mubhplid by 2 es Age ae tho ess Gre. Now the a =/4 Can Sub Fate bee . c «id yg GEE St CeMore ow ‘Midd’ fotos ew Took o Ltd tetles as s beleive aya eo Whe, oe ly i in ta “i _, then oe x aon Lxanples AL = Zl gant Bs 2 Finn a b iigoreenniasy eas ——Tt eter a pa ae BE Aug Cress te pe Pe otlece 7s oT eee pe TE aE EE |e b, ah br €fue wn 5 SUbs/TaTeroportions Proportions are equal ra tios, When ratios are equal, heir Crass ptoducT: jare equa/. - KAS esa a m Nobicé teu be eho Lialucis ar CZuAl (B= Sx b ule: BAC Example: 2 = 6 because 3 Ss ample fe ratio of blue Lyéxf, Peo te Lid CVE, COple (5 3:7). Zn 4 gree 7A i ot 2/0 _peo, etl Many gre blue-eyed, | si 2. bheton: Tou need Jo hut tato of plic em ; 0. fin, fbE y. BM LO = 99 Seen = 7— Naviation mathematically A chenge wae Ibriable produces Gn Gholi Variation > Direct ancf Inverse. ‘Two er more Varia Variation descibe Shows how ave velated. Relation & pip. Direct Variabron er Constant Change iv Che o ER. — The eguation rr freel leration fwiks so Very much Lde. Slope 11724 (a. - Yo Divide Variables Te pratuce the CTT if x 1 = | CL GE OTKER (As eve Valie [creases 2 ee protices set oe sez ae —_K= Constant of Variation | | One ara is Ge Con last tael bgp le :—g-sHez Oar Valse 1 Wereases. ecrease ty OWE cnet See he changes nach Gaarah ein (epastlentl” 82) K tan also be calf ed/ of oii of Pro port jeNality."Direct Proportions then tuto elements X ancl ar . |ditectl Witt each other a Nay : |G COnSFANT ov ahSolufZ INCREASE IM ONE Qs Well as te othe2. LL X Varies hrectly th j, tes alms Kis talled, Lhe CoTDanT oA Yarra Lon ; Example: Me greater ppreuiT Yau pu We. Comet Greale The Te puss et fb. Lee) Heel, LL LE doughuals C067? SLup frepiled _b_ = X&__%=82e #, Use 2 a 4 Sov Vacté nl OF aa <— No Mate. i ae flit Cha SED. ” ¥ FEAT DD oe YUS=dA2Z200_ se Tek Egan, View Dy ef Varian oo LY = Dean VR fag oe fe igs (7, ‘tine ed, ju All E FABVRSED. ‘ ee CR Ler Sal : ohh “Wh a flotbiceZNVEr SE Variaten — A thange iv oe Variable fiance s iL AM Z2nVerse. Or 6 pe sche thas ee in the other. Pr “F The eguetion [echs frh= @ Mu Lphea tol LO, oa Malh ohy Ge Variablz Ke produce. ett or a —y* X=kK-* Y= = | Ovce Again, Kis the consTat Bae Varipble. fe iWtr ease, € oer Varia ble has Te ecrease ir _ordey~_ yo. Maintain He ConsT any Velee. Se 2 ee ae a —_ Se ee ' ete aaa teen SC yee Tt i i i: iil a, Saimin” Any t— nay 7 seal aaa poesia be Sem, =O / J, - ee eee He 1B = Bs ho 25a4 A> decreases, | Yanereases. grth fore as M intreases TDNversé Propo tions Ydecresses a cb Se Varies nial, Wh j, Aen OO ales x y jas us decrease in order for “K ae STAg LE SAME. 4) wxenple is when tere pitthines Or vople Go job, the fess time it Fates fe doit When Speed increases , fess Time js peccec/ When Volume INET eG SES , dens: CGecreases. Ccample Travellia vf Con Tro (are 50 mph Ataip takes A peace. Mout Leng hell He try take of yee ey at bo mph7 fou need fb recogni te tht Oh is an inversé, AS Ralé ot Cravé/ increaséS, He Cimé decreases. bhe Way To SoWe 1S 75 Sprc/ € Constant oF Variation > the distance. ante yan tind distance, Ya Cacr Solve for ome Dt SOmph + Zhaure = 100 100 = bLOmp4 et Joofbo = t= | *s hours = | heue Yo min Another a z "Invert th proporlien. EusTead % Straight 50. _ 2 invert 24 x 60 x oa 2 50 _%* => loo = box Soir z = cote eS een se|Sfete Nabens Rates are really 4pplicefiens OF fatio anil properezen Lavo ing tapuf{s and out puss. Common “inputs” tAclude : ) Time 2) Money 3) Work Some invesTmenT is regeired Output is what t after putting in the investment. ald oe 3 \ Distance travelled 2) mo Sport 3) eee clam plished: ) 4 MosT basic rate is € UNIT” Fale or how muck, how mang , how Faat, .... for one. For anit rates we use the word “pert whick means « Lor every" Can trave| |2o milea cy U heurs, calive fast ave fen oer oes ene Soa \20 milea KX = 30 miles A hours ~ | howe pec hour Te x pencils costs ¥ cents, how muck does One penci( cast? Sole Sor & x.1t ss wel _Y¥ SeeExample of Rate Feeble Aily drole the 220 miles fo Chitage Lat dat averagé Speed. of (0 Myply fever |Wan his Pegular brags Sea TP he Completed to (Bp e 7a LL fo ter fesS Tal tial thet ca BE USA Abitag | Peed yy smiled per Pear 2 Whe hae — Liate| fi | Tne Usual WP | Bop mika | Pp eo Ht Ei ae: ThS Cp (£00 mifea_| FH | Za | Because the Em Sp His Gey is We bai eC I ee ae Mica Crip, Sehing. der Kee Lto 42 -| ice Lal p prodlicct anstlew ae aan b tH E hove Ngati, 20ers = (tee \e00—-) = Ler 4200 -lor _ Speed ‘Go it iS O =r for 420Q0= -* +/0r —2000 Ho up © = (r-ve)(r +50)Work Problems Work problems are rate problems. R= Rate of work R=A AzAmouvt of work done Ca T= Time Used 7 do wor A nS ONe complete Job When Ya go Work problems are ALigaring the vate ona a a Wiachiwe bWi/] bWerk CogethE or sepa rately Formula 4. api J fe Ty Tz Ts. T= hours Werkher/mchue L takes To ComphkTe Tob working alowe _ The hours worker /machne 2 Hikes ts Complete joh Separately. i 73 = hours workers o- machwres Weeded heat Working Tagether: Kn ber ONE ty Ubect be cacue ro blem s = refer to ONE tole oleae 0G Example: ZL woul) take Sam 3 bours Lo Pewt a teom, Tt would Lake Joe tuwité as Jong te doit by himsel$ Yow feng would tt take both of Gem Workag LogttheR aSolution: At 7 = Sim's Tne A dh, snk Ze. See's Time As co work 5 = Ime togt thie Gf Sam Cal Go 4 Ten Shure, Kay “n ONE hour hecan ge ZL op Che Jel Tee tan clo ot he Job hZ, taking 7itee ad SY ini Gia iret na Gee eee 2 eos ee Ze LL with take a2 Beth of them 2hours\ ~b 2. Working logtther B42 6 Fray Lxample s fhe machine Can Go 5 loads AME O minutes, Vackiné< Carn Gp 3 loads tn JO mineles, fool Aly loads Can be tone /f both machnés are working For YS minales. Be Leads pa leads _ ae 60 pNates Be minarEes LS minutes oo ee bo G0 7 He fal ere Gg ona eee 60° Ye Bae aeMore on Work problems. Work Problems dee With Two er more | Workers doing Ye Sume Soe ot diflorent rates. The aim is To Sah out hous long r€ will tebe bbrkers 4 do a Sob if the number oF workers is increased or decreased Or if they work at— ‘ai foreut rates, The seme Principles Gir turk | Problems abo apply tb other rate pobéms Such a4 (Sillug tanks, Susmming pols, pipes, ct. A Lge Tech 1s Io express the practol the job tht con be dhne in OMe. tant GE Ettple Zf Z peopl Cen he ajob in /Zuminuted eee Can Go TE Inf BOr2 0G hes 1G @ OE: it tobe ; ZL er person’ Tet alowe.7F | ay ema an ONE PUINULTE, Tio. ee qo \ (pt Be joe | minute. bk person alove Con dh [30 at Tab wn pve Minute» We dont woud hat tary person tan do Ane 5o We express i a Vix.i lg% Te figbley eed, Cogeter~ 5 Yhey a Lhe job Ot a rete IF af 7 ot te Jeb por minute tigeter at ie Since € together means. ant add, wel add Ew camer individually c and bey eeeSuee ye “i 10 bal, ii 30 cisiaee ges ae ae Knowl Ting 7 = ——j ud hyoulal i pales ane Pesci l =! ae 30 + ~N sane ore © Ee avin pox 2 BON a tp ee on sition ee ® cae eenianienpes den emisator easel SR Regn pecacert - AX + 60> 5% wel hpli and sot GOs 3K | 20.2% Sue Ep 20, Cen fee oh | Perso tan lo Ss Ug BE. sek BHU, arr a Yoo ot le Toa. tae Wiel, ton he ten Wd Ee TS ee as oe a Seas Pak het a Hep tei OE pa EE, a £ = SetBee gilen a fraction Ua jet | t tan be done in a day, bh tbe ‘feciprotal will be He Leugth 3 Ua entire Tob te: UNIT we WT AE is OMB 08 pe | ENT/RE Te&. ‘Comm ple: ArB togetler can faish i 4h dags. B aloNe Can doit in ip days. tous Jong wsi'// ie tohe poh b he alone wed “ Mister. Eb tehes Chpup ts y ae > ae ee - a ove hag B tan fb 0 19 owt big, | ‘ BS ref thar. pid ol "igs batt? GL es ene " XS ea oe Lo Gey b= ya a Ge GOO a Pump 1 Fills Pool in 20 min, >t, A Pool on | minate Pump 2 Fills POL EN 20min —m Yo of PRY inf | minule Pump > #118 pool in 10 mr — fo 4 fof wt /rmranze Hus bong wil it teke all 3b A the foo! Zh yatta geren re iprotal bill Ce // fet! 20° 30 * bp * ZS hogy CL) the py aya //[neg Hate in Zilleregf~ Duta = Rete TomeLi ature 2 hlems The ACT” wih ometimes Ie ladle pn i Ware rab ler E. lea be, VOM G@ SEF < of Cirtum SAVES WhtRE ONE Sub TICE Of 2 CERTAIV CONCENTRATION 4S 7~ he ADDED Co A DiTLERENT GuanT’77 With an Un (he CowtEeWlRATIOAL Form «/a_| Os Cutcentra tion ee eee -— (exemple Mt taany Bigarrs of a juice oF Lb tn 12%. gh [usCe Lavs7 a adele Jab gucci of Taice “7 1a 4b gee Ze tesa Wa 2277; tard Cat SE USE Formula antl Cran /e ae sea ——— ie added to size eee ree Mee es > y= ut ive eit acon LE 7 ~~ @tax) tia eo) +04 OP OLE im | 0b = 0.03 ———————— CG O84Age Problems “| Past | subtracte[Now ad —fFuture| years ago Preseat B years hom New | X-4 me x4 B ‘% X+9 +9)+82 X17 (x-8)-9=%-17 &B De Example After, is tings as elf as brs on. Fv b esr err ages bhf) Jotal 5b years. Eid Beir CerrenT ages. Shaw: aw | Eyears fony Now pore Eathen| te | Per 8 xXxresB oa Tr O/ 5 = bar g) (x+8) a eegty ae = Sxrlh io = 5% Sov = 8 | G #% Futter = Wb) = 32. | Exomple: Fears age, Lhe Sum oF the age of a WelhEx andl Mee Wag FY years. 3 years Play Ce He. Mo thee “wt ff be Vice aa olf ar- 5 years Jreater her AaaghtKx Wilf be. Fi, fir e5eof AGES: | Si bur: Now | w 3 — Wathed Pe as |! XG | dauntey? S4-X [39-0 qz-%Age Pro blems (cout) Trans late: lO 2 ees get. wad O x+8= Re wether wil) be (@ Syews grectir they (St (Cee old as, fat BY 2(42-%) | Put A th Hohe An eguation eee O © © KB = St 2(42-%) Sole: 3x = &/ Prettal > Xp5 > 2 Uther (ae Hae highSimple Fioba bility an Basie. SATsTics Fecha bil 7y chelps us Prede? the /ehel toed of Chanté CECKITENCES. | Statistics = Methed! of Cofecting, Organter | anglyeng auld ‘Agee prabg ae Data'is NMuméhice! ee Pedant oe Peneiplé 4 Wal To Fe TOTAL Ween bER ff Pe, ip Fes # ete are, Plays One Ved Cay ” hagoenr and PoeRE “Fay Rw¥n rE awe El Can’ 4, by to EF EP ie EQ, lMys bog een. AZ Ss, A 4sing Fuse mendat. 0 TZ os Ve Sour bes, CK BA, wot, Pcie pig mee ae pkey Pa dome vi * a ¥ Bpwts = 72 iets ARTES ape, are erdéréd Arrangements MGS Mihi. vip ‘Lem 1s usey ryore Uo Once. > &% ORDER of Be arrangemeT iS itmporfanT and, takes a me Yarrente. Factorials are ust, For p ge ia Fons. = n(n-l) (4-2, (2)0) 1 by definition = bh = Oy Se4 Meat = a 720 Thecé are 720" wys b books Can be arranged washelf_Rerimytat ims a N Langs Like Rife Time. cine times jon pnyl a [arge Set F. CES, Te ee Cas Of Chto a7 4 timé for an arrangimeén7 “A good example 1s a bast bald Lecing, Soe. have (3 players, bet Caw an p4y.7 a atin. How mad dtfere™ fa fiag OUdERS Can fou make? Formule fp >_hi Ww» Tisinoty Per mutationsS (n-F): Fhe Oe i alg FF me oe = 259959 220 Note: pattorial. grote 7s gresTer hau Cyoredint, Iv a $2 Card deck Lene are $21 llflwed Wats to arrange lat Cards ahter thu fhlag D2 Bes el fe ends ee al) Lhe atoms on bari, Extmphe Prolheen. § chile’ are Stndlng iar a bat Zare boys and 2 are girls. Lf CZ ae hild is a Grd. hoe “7 i feel Ar rang té-balet7s. ze hither ane bestia? © Soliton: Since Leere are J girls Bore are 3 Afferent Ways to STArT. ‘ phhter Le fr Girl, there are 4! Ways to arrange. qi + GY! +4) = 24424424272Combinations Vs. Parmele Tears With Pecmatatiogs, the ordi a Ue ClemaT® Ls batlad taf tw BTA Cound Of PESTS uh Combine lols, the ded ard or arrangtw Gf S Gre LOZ 10 ded 4 For Cprople! B fetes. Lihbr 2 aa me. PermuTeTionw Po =3R = 3-3! aL. AB BA ca AC Be cB Qonbucious You. fo bvt Chre lbhet order of Hi ea a ay Care blu Clewmen7s are ta €ACL Com Car AB Midd be, Ge Some LAE Corer Wiha because be ave Catbin€D jn So the ily = A 3 Ve 7 ie mi Cabin FoRMAl4Lobabi bt ad Lata Collectien a — Pebibiy * EL a ae = Lavorable cuToomes aM possible wuTeomes i = anna = hance of specific fe. ullome i ae etal Nanber of — CLT CHES eee ELA =A nupber belizen O and Lychee Soin Gitte ae De eguals O. ant Pear MEVER bayper fatality epale te event thf tae ge = ee i agg. folly exclusive ees, eae be aorh Wl occep no CG a a. 2 | Lhe Stein of Bek nl a ‘proba bi VV LECIES z — Example £1 fleat A Ne $ So a ean a_Spectia' Suet siamese [a oe cards tind ‘ae z | thane a gethist ahead OR OR a a spale ees ! aE ero saa poe aL gt hehe 3 Example: bhed JS tbe chance of belhwg @ Tor al/Z with ee a hae & Chute of geTag 7 + geftg a [2- ete eee Zee ee LhThe Probe br b7y of Tio mutually Exclesive events both occurring 1s Lhe product of their indi Viduzl Probahi U7iES Aappléing Séparasée 4. Example 1: ive are, Lhe adds ef GOOG oO 6 a head from & Coin flip axd a spade from a. Farndon piek otf adleck of Cards? Odds at getting heads >t Of s ot getting a spede —» 7 ue ater 2 zp ge l25% whet are te odds ot getting a girl on your sirst birth and a Wqirl en your second birth? EX Erp 2o% Exam ple£: fo ee are “SED Add Ke hie? (prdbebi liTy Lf Lhe lordg oe AND are used, MUlTIP/¥ Lhe odds.Mierages Averages are alafi se on Lo Leet. SomeFines ue guestion Will ash Meaigbe aut that Lhe Merage t+ @ SET BP umbers, (CE DP Ere Mey will ash tb determne what Lhe firel is neettuf 4 get a Strf a Veragé Rev ext herr Average For in ig a | entt Average = Sum ot Entries Tota] Number entre S 2 = qa, the ewtries are He Saowe, — Kot Number Vepected 1s thé avernge. ost average problems have lea SeT- up —> What Ame uaT (e Yau need for an | Unkuown 78 be 14 order fo Ché @iive average @ be a Certain Num ber | et A, a ef a ?3 Crepe: Les é | othe on ¢ tests. fa Scored 9 84 G/ + FS, 5 Yaak SCG get an stetur of. nee 43x S ov Hes faints. You have 36S Now. You need a perfec (00 b get ew A,TF a series of humbers 18 eve spaced, Lhe Average tf Ek2, Caw a Easily be Fount 4y adding Ze he and last” Number herr Aiting har Stir by 2. For camp Ee, 3,69 /2,/5 24 Nugbers | ‘ a are Eveny SAACED Average BA/S 1B _ g a. ee | Some ACT problems frok Sor & Pu Sing len esl GI Ver Lhe average Seaghe- Example: Fox tnd a 92. average for CELTS, Fou haye f. cores of 85, 9b, 8B and 97 So Sar: “eT Score on the. Oe LOE Sa your goak? G2 = 5+ 9EFBELGT FX Ybo = 3bb px oY =x Olfion Obher lapporTanT Betu tos Whe yale al tale rv Ge rade When Pas &@ Series of tumbits 1s bankéd from foutsT Co hughes” Zf (Median re UE arf EVEY SE of Nammblt? 5, fee the merase of Lhe Tio wiki Wen bea S MObe —> V lalué lhe? appears Ye MOST” oftenr fa a Seviés’ F NumbeRs.Weighted A vera GES jae tor Sone Averages, greater "Weight" 1s givew & bach element “sycdhvidually, The Fregiency oF lide thood oF Phe elements is consider eh Lummph tl: Bhoke test #L cach. Y books lost #iOcach andl & bwks Cost $12 each. What 1s THE averagé CosT per book? Masiler: TLS not Ob +4 /0 +412)23 because Beir ave diflevest mounts oF books and each bith has a df feresx” Piece Lagtoving " Weights” Ye opudia boks DRE 366) + 440) é sar) BIVAS VE PW tbo 18 I2bY (2 M2 Jo Fut Weighted averages, multiply cach hummber- iv the Selb be number of- Lrmés JE appears jad Phe Lr "04 /ty , add them all “up Ang dude by the tote) number & *€On5. a Crom 2 Iw & Group of Len SudleniTS tam 5 ani J ave /?. tyhale 41 the aeragt if of Ke Suda? AWSLIR [Gx 3)+ Bxealeos AZ