Study Guide for Principles of Information Systems
Chapter 1: An Introduction to Information Systems
Definition: IS integrates technology, people, and processes.
Key Concepts:
Components of IS: Hardware, software, data, people, and
processes.
Types of IS: TPS, MIS, DSS, and ESS.
Role of IS in organizations: Strategic advantage, decision-making,
and efficiency.
Chapter 2: Information Systems in Organizations
The Role of IS:
Supporting operations, management, and decision-making.
Competitive strategies: Cost leadership, differentiation, and
niche focus.
Organizational Structure:
How IS aligns with functional units (HR, Marketing, Finance).
Change Management:
Implementing IS and overcoming resistance.
Chapter 3: Hardware: Input, Processing, and Output Devices
Hardware Components:
Input devices: Keyboards, scanners.
Processing: CPU, memory (RAM, ROM).
Output devices: Monitors, printers.
Trends: Cloud computing and edge computing.
Chapter 4: Software: Systems and Application Software
Types of Software:
System software: Operating systems (Windows, macOS).
Application software: Productivity tools, custom applications.
Trends in Software:
Open source, SaaS, and virtualization.
Chapter 5: Database Systems and Big Data
Data Management:
Databases: Relational, NoSQL.
Database Management Systems (DBMS): Functions and benefits.
Big Data:
Characteristics (3 Vs: Volume, Velocity, Variety).
Tools: Hadoop, Spark.
Chapter 6: Telecommunications and Networks
Networking Basics:
LAN, WAN, Internet.
Protocols: TCP/IP, HTTP.
Emerging Technologies:
5G, IoT.
Security Concerns: Encryption, firewalls.
Chapter 7: The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets
Internet Basics:
Key services: Email, WWW.
Search engines and SEO.
Intranets/Extranets:
Internal collaboration tools.
B2B communication.
Chapter 8: Electronic and Mobile Commerce
E-Commerce Types:
B2C, B2B, C2C.
Mobile Commerce (M-Commerce):
Apps and mobile payment systems.
Legal/Ethical Issues: Privacy, data protection.
Chapter 9: Enterprise Systems
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP):
Integrates all functional areas.
Customer Relationship Management (CRM):
Tools to manage customer interactions.
Supply Chain Management (SCM):
Managing logistics, inventory.
Chapter 10: Information and Decision Support Systems
Decision Support Systems (DSS):
Tools to analyze data and make decisions.
Business Intelligence (BI):
Dashboards, predictive analytics.
AI in DSS: Chatbots, machine learning.
Chapter 11: Knowledge Management and Specialized Information
Systems
Knowledge Management (KM):
Capturing and sharing organizational knowledge.
Specialized IS:
GIS, Expert Systems.
Trends: AI, machine learning applications.
Chapter 12: Systems Development: Investigation and Analysis
Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC):
Phases: Planning, Analysis, Design, Implementation,
Maintenance.
Agile vs. Waterfall Methodologies:
Comparison of iterative and structured approaches.
Chapter 13: Security, Privacy, and Ethical Issues in Information
Systems
Security Risks:
Malware, phishing, ransomware.
Preventative Measures:
Anti-virus software, employee training.
Ethical Issues:
Surveillance, intellectual property, digital rights.
