Directorate of Online Education

SRM Institute of Science and

Technology SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur-

603203

LAB MANUAL

Course :BCA

SEMESTER
II

SUBJECT TITLE
DATABASE
TECHNOLOGY

SUBJECT CODE
V20UDS203

Prepared By
Mrs Ida Seraphim
Assistant Professor
/CTECH SRM IST

Directorate of Online Education

 OBJECTIVES

1. To introduce students to the basic knowledge of Database concepts

2. To impart writing skill of SQL commands to the students.

3. To impart the concepts like Basic commands, PLSQL and Triggers

COURSE OUTCOME

1. Understand the concepts for SQL.

2. Write the Process Steps of a given scenario.
3. Apply all the concepts that have been covered in the theory course
4. Evaluate methodology of a given query.
5. Recognize and understand the syntax and construction of SQL command.
6. Know the steps involved in execution of SQL Query.
7. Know the alternative ways of providing solution to a given query

INTRODUCTION ABOUT VIRTUAL LAB

Virtual Lab Content is prepared by Course Coordinator of concern subject to help

the students with their practical understanding and development of programming
skills, and may be used as a base reference during the Practical Assignments. The
model lab programs and List of Exercise Assignment prepared by staff members
will be upload in LMS. Students have to submit Lab Exercise through LMS as
Assignment Sections as Separate Folder of concern subject. The course
coordinator of concern subject can be evaluated after students submit all program
assignments for end semester sessional examination.. The lab Program reporting
style in the prescribed format (Appendix-I) and List of Lab Exercises as
Assignments prescribed format (Appendix-II)

Directorate of Online Education

 VIRTUAL LAB CONTENTS(STUDENT)

This manual is intended for the First year students of MCA branch in the subject
of Database Technology . This manual typically contains practical/Lab Sessions
related to, SQL, Triggers and PL/SQL Language covering various aspects related
the subject to enhanced understanding.
Although, as per the syllabus, SQL are prescribed, we have made the efforts to
cover various aspects of SQL Languages
Students are advised to thoroughly go through this manual rather than only
topics mentioned in the syllabus as practical aspects are the key to understanding
and conceptual visualization of theoretical aspects covered in the online contents.
Guidelines
1. Students are instructed to perform their lab exercises/assignments at their
own system from their respective residences
2. Writing and editing the program in your system.
Compiling and Executing the program and save the output
3. The students are also advised to submit completed Lab assignments in the
prescribed format (Appendix-1) in LMS
4. The students are advised to complete the weekly activities/assignments well in
time.
5. The submitted Lab Assignment will be evaluated for end semester Practical
examination
6. The students must get the completed Lab Assignments evaluated by the
concerned course coordinator by LMS , Failing which the Lab assignments for that
week will be treated as incomplete.
7. At least TEN (10) such timely completed Lab assignments are compulsory,
failing which students will not be allowed to appear in the final end semester Lab
Examination.

Directorate of Online Education

 APPENDIX-I

1. Title : Data Definition Languages

Aim - Study basic data definition language commands and execute them using
oracle sql plus.
2. Process Steps/Description

1. Install Oracle 11 g / 12 C version

2. select SQL Plus
3. Log in to SQL window
4. Go to start → sql plus
5. SQL> After obtain this SQL prompt start execution of DDL commands

3.Methodology

Oracle 11g - SQL platform

4. Sample Commands -

1. CREATE: It is used to create a new

table. Syntax:

create table <tablename>(col 1 data type(size of col1), col2 data type(size of col2)….);

Example:

SQL> CREATE TABLE EMPLOYEE(Name VARCHAR2(20), Email

VARCHAR2(100), DOB DATE);

Table created.

2. DESC: It is used to describe the contents and their data

types. Syntax:
DESC Table-name;
Example:

Directorate of Online Education

 SQL> DESC EMPLOYEE
Name Null? Type

NAME VARCHAR2(20)

EMAIL VARCHAR2(100)

DOB DATE

3. ALTER: It is used to alter the structure of the database. This change could be either
to modify the characteristics of an existing attribute or probably to add a new attribute.
Syntax:

ALTER TABLE table_name ADD column_name COLUMN-

definition; ALTER TABLE MODIFY(COLUMN DEFINITION. );

Example:

SQL> ALTER TABLE EMPLOYEE ADD(ADDRESS VARCHAR(20));

Table altered.

4. DROP: It is used to drop a column or the whole

table. Syntax:

DROP COLUMN column-name;

Example:

SQL> DROP TABLE EMPLOYEE;

Table dropped.

5. TRUNCATE: It is used to delete all the rows from the table and free the
space containing the table.

Syntax:

TRUNCATE TABLE

table_name; Example:

SQL> TRUNCATE TABLE EMPLOYEE1;

Table truncated.

Directorate of Online Education

5. Sample Input/Output:

6. Result / Inference - Basic DDL language commands were

successfully executed using sqlplus.

Directorate of Online Education

 II. 1. Title : Data Manipulation Languages

Aim - Study basic data manipulation language

commands and execute them using oracle sql plus.

2. Process Steps/Description

1. Install Oracle 11 g / 12 C version

2. select SQL Plus
3. Log in to SQL window
4. Go to start → sql plus
5. SQL> After obtain this SQL prompt start execution of DML commands

3.Methodology

Oracle 11g - SQL platform sqlite online compiler

4. Sample Commands -

In this exercise, students will be able to do the following:

• Describe each DML statement

• Insert rows into a table
• Update rows in a table
• Delete rows from a table
• Merge rows in a table

DML statements – INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, MERGE

Adding new row into a table

INSERT INTO emp VALUES(101,’vadivu’,33000,’Programmer’,’01-jan-98’);

Modifying the existing data

UPDATE emp SET salary = 10000 WHERE id = 101;

Deleting rows

Directorate of Online Education

 DELETE FROM emp where id = 101;

Merge

Provides the ability to conditionally update or insert data into a database table.

Performs an UPDATE if the row exists, and an INSERT if it is a new row.

Eg.

MERGE INTO copy_emp c USING employees e ON (c.empid = e.empid)

WHEN MATCHED THEN

UPDATE SET

c.ename = e.ename,

c.salary = e.salary

WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN

INSERT VALUES(e.empid, e.ename, e.salary);

5. Sample Input/Output:

6. Result / Inference - Basic DML language

commands were successfully executed using
sqlplus.

Directorate of Online Education

Directorate of Online Education
 Answers for the assignments
1. Create a student table with various types of fields

CREATE TABLE student (ID number(6), Name varchar(50),Age

number(3), Address varchar(100), Marks number(6));

2. Show the structure of the table

Directorate of Online Education

3. Modify the table structure by adding a new column and remove the
existing column

ALTER TABLE student ADD DateOfBirth date;

ALTER TABLE student DROP COLUMN dateofbirth;

Directorate of Online Education

4. Write SQL commands to delete the last 5 rows

DELETE FROM student WHERE id BETWEEN 3 AND 7;

5. Create a table by adding a Data of birth column to the employee

table. ALTER TABLE employee ADD DateOfBirth date;

6. Delete the table along with the table

structure. Drop table student;
The entire table along with the contents and structure will be deleted.

7. Write SQL commands to insert 5 records in to the table.

insert into student
values(1,'Paul',18,'California',98);
Directorate of Online Education
 INSERT INTO student VALUES(2,'Allen',21,'Texas',75);
INSERT INTO student VALUES(3,'Teddy',23,'Norway',80);
INSERT INTO student VALUES(4,'Mark',19,'Rich-Mond',65);
INSERT INTO student VALUES(5,'David',22,'Texas',85);
INSERT INTO student VALUES(6,'Kim',20,'South-Hall',45);
INSERT INTO student VALUES(7,'James',24,'Houstan',10);

8. Write a SQL command to update the address field whose ID is

2. UPDATE student SET Address= 'Chennai' WHERE ID = 2;

Directorate of Online Education

 Write a SQL command to update the address field whose name is Paul.
UPDATE student SET Address= 'Madurai' WHERE name = 'Paul';

9. Remove all the records from the table

created. DELETE FROM student;
In the delete table, all the rows are deleted but the table and the structure of the
table will be there.

Directorate of Online Education

10. Consider a case to have a database consisting of 10 sports goods items with the
description of the item name, cost, product_quality, and product delivery date.
CREATE TABLE sportsgoods (item name varchar(60), cost number(5),
product_quality varchar(50), product delivery date date);

Directorate of Online Education