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17 views3 pages

1 Class

computer science

Uploaded by

derih88808
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1.

Microprocessor Details:
A. Intel 8086:
 Basic Architecture:

 The Intel 8086 is a 16-bit microprocessor introduced in 1978.


 It uses a segmented memory model, breaking the memory into different segments for code,
data, and stack.
 The instruction set is relatively simple compared to modern processors.

 Key Features:

 16-bit data bus and 20-bit address bus, allowing access to 1 MB of memory.
 29,000 transistors.
 Clock speeds ranged from 5 to 10 MHz.
 Popular in early personal computers, like the IBM PC.

B. Dual Core Processor:


 Basic Architecture:

 A dual-core processor consists of two independent processors (cores) on a single chip.


 Cores share the same resources, including the memory subsystem and cache.
 Designed to improve multitasking and parallel processing capabilities.

 Key Features:

 Each core operates independently, allowing for parallel execution of tasks.


 Generally, 64-bit architecture.
 Improved multitasking compared to single-core processors.
 Found in older computers and entry-level devices.

C. Core i3 Processors:
 Basic Architecture:

 Part of the Intel Core series, introduced in 2010, using the Nehalem and subsequent
microarchitectures.
 Features include Hyper-Threading, Turbo Boost, and advanced power management.
 Supports modern instruction sets and technologies.

 Key Features:

 Hyper-Threading allows each core to handle two threads simultaneously, enhancing multitasking.
 Turbo Boost dynamically increases the clock speed for improved performance when needed.
 Enhanced power management for energy efficiency.
 Varying clock speeds, cache sizes, and integrated graphics in some models.
2. Comparison:
 Bus Width:

- 8086: 16-bit data bus.

- Dual Core: Typically, 64-bit data bus per core.

- Core i3: 64-bit data bus.

 Number of Transistors:
- 8086: Around 29,000 transistors.

-Dual Core: The number varies based on the specific processor model.

- Core i3: Modern Core i3 processors have millions to billions of transistors.

 Addressable Memory:
- 8086: 1 MB addressable memory.

- Dual Core: Each core can typically address 64-bit memory space.

- Core i3: Similar to Dual Core, can address modern 64-bit memory space.

 Performance:
- 8086: Limited compared to modern processors, suitable for basic computing tasks.

- Dual Core: Offers better multitasking than single-core processors but may lag behind in single-
threaded performance.

- Core i3: Enhanced performance with features like Hyper-Threading and Turbo Boost, suitable for a
range of applications.

 Cost:
- 8086: Generally, less expensive due to its age.

- Dual Core: Mid-range pricing, varies based on the specific model.

- Core i3: Mid to high range, with the cost depending on the generation and specifications.

 Clock Speed:
- 8086: 5-10 MHz.

- Dual Core: Varies, typically in the GHz range.

- Core i3: Varies, generally higher than 8086.


 Cache Size:
- 8086: Limited cache compared to modern processors.

- Dual Core: Each core may have its cache, size varies.

- Core i3: Varies by model, generally larger than older processors.

 Instruction Set:

- 8086: Limited instruction set.

- Dual Core: Supports modern instruction sets.

- Core i3: Advanced instruction set, supports modern technologies.

 Technological Features:
- 8086: Limited features, lacks modern technologies.

- Dual Core: Basic features for parallel processing.

- Core i3: Hyper-Threading, Turbo Boost, advanced power management.

 Integrated Graphics:
- 8086: No integrated graphics.

- Dual Core: Depends on model, may have integrated graphics.

- Core i3: Some models include integrated graphics.

 Power Efficiency:
- 8086: Relatively less power-efficient.

- Dual Core: Improved efficiency compared to older processors.

- Core i3: Advanced power management for better efficiency.

 Market Availability:
- 8086: Limited, mostly obsolete.

- Dual Core: Available in older systems, but being phased out.

- Core i3: Widely available in various generations.

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