1.

(a) METHOD 1
using GDC
a = 1, b = 5, c = 3 A1A2A1
METHOD 2
x = x + 2 cos x  cos x = 0 M1
π 3π
 x  , ...
2 2
a = 1, c = 3 A1
1 – 2 sin x = 0 M1
1 π 5π
 sin x   x  or
2 6 6
b=5 A1
Note: Final M1A1 is independent of previous work.

 5π  5π
f    3
(b)  6  6 (or 0.886) (M1)
f(2π) = 2π + 2 (or 8.28) (M1)
 5π 
 6  3 , 2 π  2
the range is   (or [0.886, 8.28]) A1

(c) f′(x) = 1 – 2 sin x (M1)

 3π 
 
f′  2  = 3 A1
1

gradient of normal = 3 (M1)
3π 1 3π 
   x  
equation of the normal is y 2 3 2  (M1)
1

y = 3 x + 2π (or equivalent decimal values) A1 N4

3π

π
2 ( x 2  ( x  2 cos x) 2 )dx
(d) (i) V=π 2 (or equivalent) A1A1
Note: Award A1 for limits and A1 for π and integrand.

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 1

 3π
π π
2 ( x 2  ( x  2 cos x) 2 )dx
(ii) V= 2
3π
 π 
π
2 (4 x cos x  4 cos 2 x)dx
= 2

using integration by parts M1

and the identity 4cos2 x = 2cos 2x + 2, M1
3π
[(4 x sin x  4 cos x)  (sin 2 x  2 x)] π2
V = –π 2 A1A1
Note: Award A1 for 4x sin x + 4 cos x and A1 for sin 2x + 2x.
 3π 3π   π π 
 π   6 π sin  4 cos  sin 3π  3π    2 π sin  4 cos  sin π  π  
=  2 2   2 2 

A1
= –π(–6π + 3π – 2π – π)
= 6π2 AG N0
Note: Do not accept numerical answers.
[19]

2. (a)

A1A1A1
Note: Award A1 for correct shape, A1 for points of intersection
and A1 for symmetry.

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 2

 1

(b) A= 
2 ( x  x 2 ) dx
0 M1
1
x x 
2 3
2  
2 3 0
=  A1
 1 1
2  
=  2 3 (A1)
1
= 3 square units A1
[7]

3. 2 + x  x2 = 2  3x + x2 M1
 2x2  4x = 0
 2x(x  2) = 0
 x = 0, x = 2 A1A1
Notes: Accept graphical solution.
Award M1 for correct graph and A1A1 for correctly labelled roots.

2  x  x  2  3x  x dx
2
2 2
A 
0
(M1)

4 x  2 x dx
2
2
or equivalent
= 0
A1
2
 2 2x3 
 2x  
3 0
=  A1
8 2
 2 
= 3  3 A1
[7]

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 3

4. METHOD 1
3

area = 
arctan xdx
0 A1
attempting to integrate by parts M1
3 1
=
[ x arctan x] 0 3  0
x
1 x 2
dx
A1A1
3
1 
[ x arctan x] 0 3   ln(1  x 2 )
= 2 0 A1
Note: Award A1 even if limits are absent.
π 1
 ln 4
= 3 2 A1
 π 3 
  ln 2 
 3 
 

METHOD 2
π
π 3
area = 3
  tan ydy
0
3

M1A1A1
π
π 3
 [ln cos y ] 03
= 3 M1A1
π 3 1  π 3 
 ln    ln 2 
3 2  3 

= A1
[6]

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 4

5. (a) (i)

A2
Note: Award A1 for correct sin x, A1 for correct sin 2x.
π
Note: Award A1A0 for two correct shapes with 2 and/or 1 missing.
Note: Condone graph outside the domain.

π
(ii) sin 2x = sin x, 0 ≤ x ≤ 2
2 sin x cos x – sin x = 0 M1
sin x (2 cos x – 1) = 0
π
x = 0, 3 A1A1N1N1

(iii) area =  (sin2 x  sinx) dx

0
3
M1
Note: Award M1 for an integral that contains limits, not necessarily
correct, with sin x and sin 2x subtracted in either order.
π
 1 3
  2 cos 2 x  cos x 
=  0 A1
 1 2π π  1 
  cos  cos     cos 0  cos 0 
= 2 3 3   2  (M1)
3 1

= 4 2
1
= 4 A1

π
1 x 4 sin 2 
(b)

0 4 x
dx  
0
6
4  4 sin 2  × 8 sin θ cos θ dθ M1A1A1

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 5

 Note: Award M1 for substitution and reasonable attempt at finding
expression for dx in terms of dθ, first A1 for correct limits,
second A1 for correct substitution for dx.
π

 8 sin d
6 2
0 A1
π


0
64 4 cos 2d
M1
π

= 4  2 sin 2 
6
0 A1
 2π π
  2 sin   0
= 3 3 (M1)
2π
 3
= 3 A1

(c) (i)

M1
from the diagram above
a b

the shaded area = 

f ( x)dx ab   f 1
( y ) dy
0 0 R1
b
f
1
( x ) dx
= ab – 0 AG

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 6

 x
 –1
(ii) f(x) = arcsin 4 f (x) = 4 sin x A1
π
2  x π
 0  4 3 0 
arcsin dx   6 4 sin xdx
M1A1A1
π
Note: Award A1 for the limit 6 seen anywhere, A1 for all else correct.

π
  4 cos x 06
= 3 A1
π
 42 3
= 3 A1
Note: Award no marks for methods using integration by parts.
[25]

3
x 3
6. 2 = 0 when x = 2 (A1)
2
the equation of the parabola is y = p(x – 2) – 3 (M1)
3
 p
through (0, 3)  3 = 4p – 3 2 (M1)
3  3 
( x  2) 2  3  x 2  6 x  3 
the equation of the parabola is y = 2  2  A1
2 3  3 
area =
0  
2  3  x    x 2  6 x  3
2  2  dx M1M1A1
2

Note: Award M1 for recognizing symmetry to obtain

2 ,
0

M1 for the difference,

A1 for getting all parts correct.
2

= 
2
( 3x  9 x ) dx
0 A1
[8]

7. (a) solving to obtain one root: 1, –2 or –5 A1

obtain other roots A1

(b) D = x  [–5, –2]  [1, ∞) (or equivalent) M1A1

Note: M1 is for 1 finite and 1 infinite interval.

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 7

 (c) coordinates of local maximum –3.73 (– 2 – 3 ), 3.22( 6 3 )A1A1

(d) use GDC to obtain one root: 1.41, –3.18 or –4.23 A1

obtain other roots A1

(e)

A1A1A1
Note: Award A1 for shape, A1 for max and for min clearly in correct
places, A1 for all intercepts.
Award A1A0A0 if only the complete top half is shown.

(f) required area is twice that of y = f(x) between –5 and –2 M1A1

answer 14.9 A1 N3
2

Note: Award M1A0A0 for 

f ( x ) dx
5 = 7.47... or N1 for 7.47.
[14]

8. (a) (i) xex = 0  x = 0 A1

so, they intersect only once at (0, 0)

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 8

 (ii) y′ = ex + xex = (1 + x)ex M1A1
y′(0) = 1 A1
π
θ = arctan1 = 4 (θ = 45°) A1

(b) when k = 1, y = x
xex = x  x(ex – 1) = 0 M1
 x=0 A1
y′(0) = 1, which equals the gradient of the line y = x R1
so, the line is tangent to the curve at origin AG
Note: Award full credit to candidates who note that the equation x(ex – 1) = 0
has a double root x = 0 so y = x is a tangent.

(c) (i) xex = kx  x(ex – k) = 0 M1

 x = 0 or x = ln k A1
k > 0 and k ≠ 1 A1

(ii) (0, 0) and (ln k, k ln k) A1A1

ln k

(iii) A=

0
kx  xe x dx
M1A1
Note: Do not penalize the omission of absolute value.

(iv) attempt at integration by parts to find ∫xex dx M1

∫xexdx = xex – ∫exdx = ex(x – 1) A1
as 0 < k < 1  ln k < 0 R1
0
0 k 
 kx  xe x dx  x 2  ( x  1)e x 
ln k 2  ln k
A= A1
k 
1   (ln k ) 2  (ln k  1)k 
= 2  A1
k
1 ((ln k ) 2  2 ln k  2)
= 2
k
1  ((ln k  1) 2  1)
= 2 M1A1
k
since 2 ((ln k – 1)2 + 1) > 0 R1
A<1 AG
[23]

9. (a)

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 9

 A1A1
Note: Award A1 for the correct x-intercept,
A1 for completely correct graph.

(b) METHOD 1
a
x
the area under the graph of y = 2 for –a ≤ x ≤ a, can be divided
into ten congruent triangles; M1A1
0 a
the area of eight of these triangles is given by

a
x
2
dx

a a
and the areas of the other two by
 x 0 2
dx
M1A1
0 a a a
so,
 a
x
2
dx 4  x
0 2
dx 
k=4 A1 N0

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 10

 METHOD 2
use area of trapezium to calculate M1
0 a 1  3a a 

a
x
2
dx a     a 2
2 2 2 A1
and area of two triangles to obtain M1
2
a a 1a a2

0
x
2
dx  2    
2 2 4 A1
so, k = 4 A1 N0

METHOD 3
use integration to find the area under the curve
0 a 0 a

a
x
2
dx    x  2dx
a
M1
0
 x2 a  a2 a2
  x   a 2
2 2 a 2 2
=  A1
and
a
a a a a a

0
x
2
dx  
0
2  x
2
dx  x 
a
2
dx
2 M1
a
a
 x2 a   x2 a 
2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2
  x    x        
 2 2 0  2 2  a 8 4 2 2 8 4 4
= 2 A1
so, k = 4 A1 N0
[7]

10. (a)

A1
Note: Award A1 for correct concavity, passing through (0, 0) and increasing.
Scales need not be there.

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 11

 (b) a statement involving the application of the Horizontal Line Test or
equivalent A1

(c) y= k x
y2
k y or x 
for either x = k2 A1
x2
2
f–1(x) = k A1
dom(f–1(x)) = [0, ∞[ A1

x2
k x
(d) k2 or equivalent method M1
k= x
k=2 A1

A= 
(y 1  y 2 ) dx
(e) (i) a (M1)
4 1 2 
1
 2x 2
 0 
 x dx
4 
A= A1
4
4 3
1 3
 x2  x 
3 12 
=  0 A1
16
= 3 A1

(ii) attempt to find either f′(x) or (f–1)′(x) M1

1  1 x
,( f ) ( x)  
f′(x) = x  2 A1A1
1 c

c 2 M1
2

c= 23 A1
[16]

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 12

 1
x  ln x 1
x
11. (a) (i) Attempting to use quotient rule f′(x) = x2 (M1)
1  ln x
f′(x) = x2 A1
 1
x 2     (1  ln x)2 x
 x
f″(x) = x4 (M1)
2 ln x  3
3
f″(x) = x A1
Stationary point where f′(x) = 0 M1
i.e. ln x = 1 , (so x = e) A1
f″(e) < 0 so maximum. R1AG N0

1
(ii) Exact coordinates x = e, y = e A1A1 N2

(iii) Solving f″(0) = 0 M1

3
ln x = 2 (A1)
3

x= e2 A1 N2

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 13

 5 ln x
(b) Area =
 1 x
dx
A1
EITHER
Finding the integral by substitution/inspection
1
u = ln x, du = x dx (M1)
u 2  (ln x) 2 
ud u  
2  2


 M1A1
5
 (ln x) 2 

2
1 2

  (ln 5)  (ln 1)
2
2

Area =  1 A1
1
(ln 5) 2
Area = 2 A1 N2
OR
Finding the integral I by parts (M1)
1 1
 du 
u = ln x, dv = x x , v = ln x
1
I = uv –
 x 
udv (ln x) 2  ln x dx (ln x) 2  I
M1
2
(ln x)
 2 I (ln x) 2  I 
2 A1
5
 (ln x)  2


2 1 2
1 2

  (ln 5)  (ln 1)
2

Area =  A1
1
(ln 5) 2
Area = 2 A1 N2
[18]

2 xe x  x 2 e x  2 x  x 2 
 
e 2x  ex 
12. (a) f′(x) =   M1A1
For a maximum f′(x) = 0 (M1)
2x – x2 = 0
giving x = 0 or 2 A1A1
x x 2
( 2  2 x )e  e ( 2 x  x )  x  4 x  2 2
 
e 2x  e x 
f″(x) =   M1A1
f″(0) = 2 > 0  minimum R1
2
 2 0
f″(2) = e maximum R1
4
2
Maximum value = e A1

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 14

 (b) For a point of inflexion,
x 2  4x  2
0
f″(x) = ex M1
4  16  8
giving x = 2 (A1)
=2± 2 A1

(c) 
0
1

x 2 e  x dx   x 2 e  x 1
0
1

 2 xe  x dx
0 M1A1

= –e– 1 –

2
1
xe  x 0  
1
 2 e dx
0
x
A1M1A1
= –e–1 – 2e–1 – 2   1
e x 0 A1A1
= –3e–1 – 2e–1 + 2 (= 2 – 5e–1) A1
[21]

13. (a) Either solving e x  x + 1 = 0 for x, stating e  x  x + 1 = 0,

stating P(x, 0) or using an appropriate sketch graph. M1
x = 1.28 A1 N1
Note: Accept P(1.28, 0).


1.278...
e x
 x 1 dx 
(b) Area = 0
M1A1
= 1.18 A1 N1
Note: Award M1A0A1 if the dx is absent.
[5]

G ¤14. x e x e x  x = 0 or 1 (A1)

attempt to find 
2
y dx
M1
1

2
π e xdx
V1 = 0
1
1 
π e 2 x 2 
= 2 0
2
πe
= 2 A1

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 15

 1

V2 = π 
2x
xe dx
0

  1 2x  1 1 1 
 xe dx 
2 e
2x
  2   
0 0
= π  M1A1
Note: Award M1 for attempt to integrate by parts.
1
πe 2 1 
 π e 2x 
= 2 4 0
finding difference of volumes M1
volume = V1 – V2
1
1 
π e 2x 
= 4 0
1
= 4 π(e2 – 1) A1
[7]

be x (ae x  b)  ae x (a  be x )

15. (a) f′(x) = (ae x  b) 2 M1A1

2x 2 x 2 x 2x
abe  b e  a e  abe
= (ae x  b) 2 A1
2 2 x
(b  a )e
x 2
= (ae  b) AG

(b) EITHER
f′(x) = 0  (b2 – a2)ex = 0  b = ±a or ex = 0 A1
which is impossible as 0 < b < a and ex > 0 for all x  R1
OR
f′(x) < 0 for all x  since 0 < b < a and ex > 0 for all x  A1R1
OR
f′(x) cannot be equal to zero because ex is never equal to zeroA1R1

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 16

 (c) EITHER
(b 2  a 2 )e x (ae x  b) 2  2ae x (ae x  b)(b 2  a 2 )e x

f″(x) = (ae x  b) 4 M1A1A1

Note: Award A1 for each term in the numerator.
(b 2  a 2 )e x (ae x  b  2ae x )
= ( ae x  b ) 3
(b 2  a 2 )(b  ae x )e x

= (ae x  b) 3

OR
f′(x) = (b2 – a2)ex(aex + b)–2
f″(x) = (b2 – a2)ex(aex + b)–2 + (b2 – a2)ex(–2aex)(aex + b)–3M1A1A1
Note: Award A1 for each term.
= (b2 – a2)ex(aex + b)–3((aex + b) – 2aex)
= (b2 – a2)ex(aex + b)–3(b – aex)
THEN
b
 x ln
f″(x) = 0  b – aex = 0 a M1A1
2 2
 b  a b
f  ln  
 a 2ab A1
 b a b 2 2

 ln , 
 a 2ab 
coordinates are  

a a
lim f ( x)   y 
(d) x   b b horizontal asymptote A1
b b
lim f ( x)   y 
x   a a horizontal asymptote A1
0 < b < a  ae + b > 0 for all x  (accept aex + b ≠ 0)
x

so no vertical asymptotes R1
Note: Statement on vertical asymptote must be seen for R1.

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 17

 4ex
x
(e) y = 4e  1
1 7
 x ln
y= 2 2 (or 1.25 to 3 sf) (M1)(A1)
7
ln   4  e x  1
π 2   x
  
0  4e  1  4 
V=    dx (M1)A1
= 1.09 (to 3 s.f.) A1 N4
[19]

dy
16. (a) 8x + 2y dx = 0 M1A1
dy
Note: Award M1A0 for 8x + 2y dx = 4
dy 4x

dx y A1

(b) –4 A1

V= 
2
πy dx
(c) or equivalent M1
1

2
π (4  4 x )dx
V= 0 A1
1
 4 
π 4x  x 3 
=  3 0 A1
8π
= 3 A1
Note: If it is correct except for the omission of π, award 2 marks.
[8]

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 18

17. y = ex  x = ln y
5
(lny)
2
π dy
volume = 1 (M1)A1
using integration by parts (M1)
π
1
5
ln( y)
2
dy π y (ln y ) 2    2ln ydy
5
1
5

1 A1A1
=

π y (lny ) 2
 2 y ln y  2 y 
5
1 A1A1
Note: Award A1 marks if π is present in at least one of the above lines.
5
(ln y)
2
 π dx
1 = π 5(ln 5)2 – 10 ln 5 + 8 A1
[8]

18. METHOD 1
2
e ln x 
π 1

 x 
 dx
V= M1
Integrating by parts:
dv 1
u ln x  ,
2

dx x 2 (M1)
du 2 ln x 1
 , v 
dx x x
 ln x 2 ln x 


 x
2
x2
dx



V= A1
dv 1
 2
u = ln x, dx x (M1)
du 1 1
 , v 
dx x x
ln x ln x 1 ln x 1
 x 2
dx 
x x 
 2 dx 
x

x A1
e
 ln x 2  ln x 1  
 2   
 x  x x  
\V= 1

5
= 2  e A1

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 19

 METHOD 2
2
e ln x 
π 
1

 x 
 dx
V= M1
dx
du
Let ln x = u  x = eu, x (M1)
2
 ln x  u2
   
u 2 u 2 u
  dx  u du  e u du  e u  2 e u du
 x  e A1

=
  
 e  u u 2  2  e  u u  e  u du  e  u u 2  2e  u u  2e  u

=  e u  2u  2
u 2
A1
When x = e, u = 1. When x = 1, u = 0.
 
 Volume π  e  u u 2  2u  2  1
0
M1

 

π  5e  1  2  2 π 
5π 

e 
=  A1
[6]

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 20