DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL BOPAL, AHMEDABAD

MATH ASSIGNMENT (2024-25)

CLASS X
CH 3 PAIR OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES

1 Two linear equations of the form 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 + 𝑐 = 0, taken together form a system of linear equations, and
pair of values of 𝑥
and 𝑦 satisfying each one of the given equation is called a solution of the system.
2 To get the solution of simultaneous linear equations two methods are used:
(i) Graphical method
(ii) Algebraic method
3 Graphical Method
(a) If two or more pair of values for 𝑥 and 𝑦 which satisfy the given equation are joined on paper, we get
the graph of the given equation.
(b) Every solution 𝑥 = 𝑎, 𝑦 = 𝑏 (where 𝑎 and 𝑏 are real numbers), of the given equation determines a
point (𝑎, 𝑏) which lies on the graph of line.
(c) Every point (𝑐, 𝑑) lying on the line determines a solution 𝑥 = 𝑐, 𝑦 = 𝑑 of the given equation. Thus,
line is known as the graph of the given equation.
𝑐
(d) When 𝑎 ≠ 0, 𝑏 = 0 and 𝑐 ≠ 0 then the equation 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 + 𝑐 = 0 becomes 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0 or 𝑥 = − 𝑎
then the graph of this equation is a straight line parallel to 𝑦-axis and passing through a point
𝑐
(− 𝑎 , 0).
𝑐
(e) When 𝑎 = 0, 𝑏 ≠ 0 and 𝑐 ≠ 0 then the equation 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 + 𝑐 = 0 becomes 𝑏𝑦 + 𝑐 = 0 or 𝑦 = − 𝑎
then the graph of the equation is a straight line parallel to 𝑥-axis and passing through the point
𝑐
(0, − 𝑏).
(f) When 𝑎 ≠ 0, 𝑏 = 0 and 𝑐 = 0 then the equation is 𝑎𝑥 = 0 or 𝑥 = 0. Then the graph is 𝑦-axis itself.
(g) When 𝑎 = 0, 𝑏 ≠ 0, and 𝑐 = 0 then equation becomes 𝑏𝑦 = 0 or 𝑦 = 0. Then the graph of this
equation is 𝑥-axis it self.
(h) When only 𝑐 = 0 then the equation becomes 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 = 0. Then the graph of this equation is a line
passing through the origin.
(i) The graph of 𝑥 = constant is a line parallel to the 𝑦-axis.
(j) The graph of 𝑦 = constant is a line parallel to the 𝑥-axis.
(k) The graph of 𝑦 = ±𝑥 is a line passing through the origin.
(l) The graph of a pair of linear equations in two variables is represented by two lines.
(i) If the lines intersect at a point, then that point gives the unique solution of the two equations. In this
case, the pair of equations is consistent.
(ii) If the lines coincide, then there are infinitely many solutions-each point on the line being a solution.
In this case, the pair of equations is also consistent.
(iii) If the lines are parallel, then the pair of equations has no solution. In this case, the pair of equations
is inconsistent.

4 Algebraic Method
(a) Substitution Method
(b) Method of Elimination

5 Conditions for solvability (or consistency)

If a pair of linear equations is given by 𝑎1 𝑥 + 𝑏1 𝑦 + 𝑐1 = 0 and 𝑎2 𝑥 + 𝑏2 𝑦 + 𝑐2 = 0, then the
following situations can arise :
𝑎 𝑏
(i) 𝑎1 ≠ 𝑏1
2 2
In this case, the pair of linear equations has a unique solution (consistent pair of equations)
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
(ii) 𝑎1 = 𝑏1 ≠ 𝑐1
2 2 2
In this case, the pair of linear equations has no solution (inconsistent pair of equations)
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
(iii) 𝑎1 = 𝑏1 = 𝑐1
2 2 2
In this case, the pair of linear equations has infinitely many solutions [consistent pair of equations].

1 The pair of equations 𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 5 = 0 and 3𝑥 − 6𝑦 + 1 = 0 have :

(a) infinitely many solutions
(b) no solution
(c) a unique solution
(d) exactly two solutions

2 Graphically, the pair of equations 6𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 10 = 0 and 2𝑥 − 𝑦 + 9 = 0 represents two lines

which are:
(a) intersecting at exactly one point
(b) intersecting at exactly two points
(c) coincident
(d) parallel

3 The pair of equations 𝑥 = 𝑎 and 𝑦 = 𝑏 graphically representing lines which are :

(a) coincident
(b) intersecting at (𝑎, 𝑏)
(c) parallel
(d) intersecting at (𝑏, 𝑎)

4 A pair of linear equations which has a unique solution 𝑥 = 2, 𝑦 = −3 is :

(a) 𝑥 + 𝑦 = −1,2𝑥 − 3𝑦 = −5
(b) 2𝑥 + 5𝑦 = −11,4𝑥 + 10𝑦 = −22
(c) 2𝑥 − 𝑦 = 1,3𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 0
(d) 𝑥 − 4𝑦 − 14 = 0,5𝑥 − 𝑦 − 13 = 0

5 The solution of the pair of equations 3𝑥 − 𝑦 = 5 and 𝑥 + 2y = 4 is :

(a) 𝑥 = 1, 𝑦 = 2
(b) 𝑥 = 2, 𝑦 = 1
(c) 𝑥 = 2, 𝑦 = 2
(d) 𝑥 = 1, 𝑦 = 1

6 For what value of 𝑘, do the equations 3𝑥 − 𝑦 + 8 = 0 and 6𝑥 − 𝑘𝑦 = −16, represent coincident

lines?
1
(a) 2
−1
(b) 2
(c) 2
(d) -2

7 The pair of equations 𝑥 = 0 and 𝑥 = 7 has :

(a) two solutions
(b) no solution
 (c) infinitely many solutions
(d) one solution
8 One equation of a pair of dependent linear equations is −5𝑥 + 7𝑦 = 2, the second equation can be :
(a) 10𝑥 + 14𝑦 + 4 = 0
(b) −10𝑥 = 14𝑦 + 4 − 0
(c) −10𝑥 + 14𝑦 + 4 = 0
(d) 10𝑥 − 14𝑦 = −4

The following Questions 9 to 12 are Assertion and Reason based questions. Two statements are
given, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Select the correct
answer to these questions from the codes (a),(b),(c)and(d) as given below.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(b)Both Assertion and Reason are correct, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct.

9 Assertion : 3𝑥 + 4𝑦 + 5 = 0 and 6𝑥 + 𝑘𝑦 + 9 = 0 represent parallel lines if 𝑘 = 8.

𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
Reason : 𝑎1 𝑥 + 𝑏1 𝑦 + 𝑐1 = 0 and 𝑎2 𝑥 + 𝑏2 𝑦 + 𝑐2 = 0 represent parallel lines if 𝑎1 = 𝑏1 ≠ 𝑐1.
2 2 2

10 Assertion : If the system of equations 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 7 and 2𝑎𝑥 + (𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑦 = 28 has infinitely many
solutions, then 2𝑎 − 𝑏 = 0
Reason : The system of equations 3𝑥 − 5𝑦 = 9 and 6𝑥 − 10𝑦 = 8 has a unique solution.

11 Assertion : The value of k for which the system of linear equations 3x-4y=7 and 6x-8y=k have
infinite number of solution is 14.
Reason: The graph of linear equations : 𝑎1 𝑥 + 𝑏1 𝑦 + 𝑐1 = 0 and 𝑎2 𝑥 + 𝑏2 𝑦 + 𝑐2 = 0 gives a pair
𝑎 𝑏
of intersecting lines if 𝑎1 ≠ 𝑏1.
2 2
12 Assertion: A pair of linear equations has no solution (s) if it is represented by intersecting lines
graphically.
Reason: If the pair of lines are intersecting, then the pair has unique solution and is called
consistent pair of equations.

13 Determine the value of 𝑘 for which the following pair of linear equations has unique solution:
(𝑘 + 1)𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 4 ; 3𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 7
14 Determine the value of 𝑘 for which the following pair of linear equations has no solution :
(𝑘 + 1)𝑥 − (2𝑘 + 1)𝑦 = 4; 6𝑥 − 10𝑦 = 7
15 Rekha's mother is five times as old as her daughter Rekha. Five years later, Rekha's mother will be
three times as old as her daughter Rekha. Find the present age of Rekha and her mother's age.
16 Solve: 148𝑥 + 231𝑦 = 527; 231𝑥 + 148𝑦 = 610
17 In the figure, ABCD is a parallelogram. Find the
values of 𝑥 and 𝑦.
 18 If 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 23 and 4𝑥 − 𝑦 = 19, find the value of 5𝑦 − 2𝑥.
19 Solve: 2(𝑥 + 1) + 3(𝑦 + 1) = 15 , 3(𝑥 + 1) − 2(𝑦 + 1) = 3.
20 Two audio cassettes and three video cassettes cost Rs. 425, whereas three audio cassettes and two
video cassettes cost Rs. 350. What are the prices of an audio cassette and a video cassette?
21 Draw the graph of 2x + y = 6 and 2x – y + 2 = 0. Shade the region bounded by these lines and x-
axis. Find the area of the shaded region.

22 In a rectangle, if the length is increased and breadth reduced each by 2 meters, the area is reduced
by 28sq. m. If the length is reduced by 1 m and the breadth is increased by 2 m, the area increases
by 33sq. m. Find the length and the breadth of the rectangle.

23 Find the values of 𝑎 and 𝑏 for which the following system of linear equations has infinite number of
2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 7
solutions:
(𝑎 + 𝑏 + 1)𝑥 + (𝑎 + 2𝑏 + 2)𝑦 = 4(𝑎 + 𝑏) + 1
24 An architect is a skilled professional who plans and designs buildings and generally plays a
key role in their construction. Architects are highly trained in the art and science of building
design. Since they bear responsibility for the safety of their buildings’ occupants, architects
must be professionally licensed. Heena is a licensed architect and design very innovative
house. She has made a house layout for her client which is given below. In the layout, the
design and measurements has been made such that area of two bedrooms and kitchen together is
95 sq. m.

(i) Which pair of linear equations does describe this situation?

(ii) What is the area of bedroom 1?
(iii) What is the cost of laying tiles in Kitchen at the rate of Rs.50 per sq. m?
OR
What is area of living room in the layout?

25 The largest library in the world is, “The Library of Congress” which is situated in Washington DC of
the U.S.A. One day, two friends Sarita and Babita go to library for some books. The library has fixed
charges for First 3 days and additional charges for each day thereafter. Sarita take a book for 7 days and
paid 27 rupees and Babita take a book from library for 5 days and paid 21 rupees.
 (i) If the fixed charges for the library for first 3 days is ‘x’ rupees and additional charges for each
day thereafter is ‘y’ rupees, then what is the appropriate equation representing Sarita’s case?
(ii) If the fixed charges for the library for first 3 days is ‘x’ rupees and additional charges for each day
thereafter is ‘y’ rupees, then what is the appropriate equation representing Babita’s case?
(iii) Find the fixed charges and the charges that are additional for each day after first 3 days.
OR
If fixed charges are raised to 20 rupees for first 3 days, and Sarita had to take book for 10 days
with per day charges as 5 rupees. What is the total amount that Sarita will have to pay?