Reinforced Concrete

Structure I
Addis Ababa Science & Technology University
College of Architecture & Civil Engineering
Department of Civil Engineering
Lecture-6 part 2

Instructor: Bayelign H.
(BSc in Civil Eng’g, MSc in Structural Eng’g)
 One way slabs

 the loads being carried by the slab in the direction

perpendicular to the supporting beam.
 one-way slabs main reinforcement in each element
run in one direction only ,

One-way slabs 1. one-way solid slabs

2. ribbed slabs
Solid

Beams
2
 Ribbed Slabs

Cast Insut Pre Cast

3
 Analysis of Ribbed Slab According to EBCS

 To ensure adequate stiffness against bending and torsion and to allow

ribbed slabs to be treated as solid slabs for the purpose of analysis,
EBCS-2 recommends that the following restrictions on size are
satisfied:
 Ribs shall not be less than 70mm in width; and shall have a depth,
excluding any topping of not more than 4 times the minimum width of
the rib. The rib spacing shall not exceed 1.0m
1
 Thickness of topping shall not be less than 50mm, nor less than 10
the clear distance between ribs. In the case of ribbed slabs incorporating
permanent blocks, the lower limit of 50mm may be reduced to 40mm.

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Cont…

5
 Minimum Reinforcement

 The topping shall be provided with a reinforcement mesh providing in

each direction a cross-sectional area not less than 0.001 of the section
of the slab.
 The breadth of ribs may be governed by shear strength requirements.
The method proposed in the ISE manual for the estimation of rib
breadths limits the shear stress in the rib to 0.6 N/mm2 for concretes
with characteristic cylinder strength of 25 N/mm2 or more. The
required breadth is given by: b = 0.6d mm
V

Where V is the maximum shear force in Newton on the rib considered as

simply supported and d is the effective depth in millimeters.

6
 Cont…

 For characteristic cylinder strengths less than 25 MPa, the breadth

should be increased in proportion.
 If the rib spacing exceeds 1.0m, the topping shall be designed as a
slab resting on ribs, considering load concentrations, if any.
 The function of the flanges with the web shall be checked for
longitudinal shear.
 The ultimate limit state in longitudinal shear is governed either by the
effect of inclined flange compression (acting parallel to its middle
plane) or by tension in the transverse reinforcement.
 The longitudinal shear per unit length Vsd, which may be obtained as a
function of the applied transverse shear Vsd :
7
 Cont…

(a)For flange in compression :

 b c b w  Vsd
vsad =  
 2b c  z
(b)For flange in tension
 As  Asw  Vsd
vsd =  
 2 As  z
Where: Vsd – applied transverse shear.
be – effective width of a T-section.
z - internal lever arm.
As – area of the longitudinal steel in the effective flanges outside the projection
of Web in to the slab.
Asw – area of the longitudinal steel inside the slab within the projection of the
Web into the slab.
8
 Cont..
 Resistance to longitudinal shear.
(a)Resistance to inclined compression per unit length VRd1
VRd1 = 0.25 fcd hf
Where : hf = total thickness of the flange.
(a)Resistance to diagonal tension per unit length VRd2
Asf Fyd
VRd2 = 0.50 fctd hf +
Sf
Where : Asf = area of transverse reinforcement per unit length ,
perpendicular to he web-flange interface.
 If , at the section with M = Mmax , the flange is subjected to a tensile
force, the concrete contribution 0.50 fctd hf .( in the above equation)
should be neglected. 9
 Example 5.2.1

Design a one way ribbed floor system shown below subjected to live load of 5 kN m 2
Materials used include c-30 , s-300 , n = 8 and class I work. Ribbing is in the x-direction.

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 Cont..

Solution:
(i) Cross-section of the ribbed slab:
Bw  70mm say bw = 100mm
Dw  4*70mm = 280mm say dw = 250mm
Rib- spacing  say 800mm clear dist , bc = 800-100 = 700mm
 50mm
1

df   * 700 = 70mm Take df = 70mm.
 10


A rib is to be considered like a T-section

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 Cont..
( ii ) Loading

Dead load:
Self wt. = 25*(0.1+0.8*0.07) = 2.025 kN m

Finishing (PVC & C. sereed ) = 0.92 * 0.8 = 0.736 kN m

Total DL = 2.76 kN m

Live Load : LL = 5*0.8 = 4 kN m

Design load , Pd = 1.3*2.76 +1.6*4 =10 kN m

Considering s2
 le 5000
bw   100   1100mm
Be   5 5

c/c beam spacing = 800mm 12

( iii) Analysis

(a) Max. support moment

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(b) Max. span moment:

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 Cont..
( iv ) Design
c  30  fcd  13.6 MPa  fyd
 m = = 23.977
s  300  fyd  260.87MPa  0.8 fcd
n=8

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 For max. span moment:
Mmax = 31.88 kNm = Md
Assuming b = bc , compute

 12.5M d 

Kx = 0.5 2.5  6.25  
 
2
 f cdb e d 
Md 31.88 *106
2
= 2
= 0.0376
f cdb e d 13.6 * 800 * 279


Kx = 0.5 2.5  6.25  12.5 * 0.0376 
= 0.048
X = kxd = 0.048* 279 = 13.39m
Y = 0.8x = 10.7mm<70mm
 the section is rectangular as assued
K 0.048
As =Pbed = x bed = * 800*279
m 23.977
As = 447mm2
447 16
#ф14 = = 2.9
154
 For max. support moment:

Mmax + 38.75kNm = md
b = bw = 100mm
kx = 0.448 for 0% moment redistribution checked:
Md 3.875*106
d= =
0.8 f cd bk x (1  0.4k x 0.8 *13.6 *100 * 0.448* (1  0.4 * 0.448)
d = 311.2mm> 279mm
Increase bw = 100mm to 15-mm
311.2
D= = 254.1mm< 279mm →0k
15
Use bw = 150mm
  Md
Reinforcement :kx = 0.5 2.5  6.25  12.5 B   , where B =
1
2
  f cd bd 2
kx 0.448
Fmax = = =
m 23.977
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Shear reinforcement:
In the vicinity of the support:
Assume supporting Beam width to be 300mm.
The largest shear at d distance from face of support ( It is in loading case1)
32.17kN
36.46kN

x x 300
3.22m
x + 279 = 0.429m
3.65m 2
vsd = 32.17 kN
VRD = 0.25 fcdbwd
= 0.25* 13.6 * 150 * 279 * 10-3
= 142.29 kN >> 32.17kN → ok
2 2
0.21 f ck 3 0.21* (24) 3
fctd = = = 1.165 MPa
1 .5 1 .5
k1 = 1+50p = 1+50*0.0187 = 1.935≤ 2.0
k2 = 1.6 –d = 1.6-0.279 = 1.321> 1.0
Vc = 0.25 fctdk1k2bwd
= 0.25*1.165*1.935*1.321*150*279*10-3 18
= 31.16kN
 Cont..

Since Vsd = vc→ provide minimum shear reinforcements

Ar f yR 56 * 300
Smax =   280mm
0.4bw 0.4 * 150
Or Smax = 0.5d = 0o.5*279 = 139.5mm
Useф6 stirrup c/c 130mm
Transverse reinforcement at topping.
Cross-section area per rib
Ac = 70*800+100*250 = 81000mm2
Based on EBVS-2 , Ast = 0.001 Ac
Ast = 0.001*81000 = 81mm2
Reinforcement in a unit width (i.e. 1m)
50 *1000
Spacing of ф8 =  494mm
101.25
Use ф8 c/c 400mm (since secondary reinforcements shall not be greater than 400mm spacing)

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 Longitudinal shear
Flauge in compression
Compression under max. span moment
Mmax =31.88kNm  Corresponding design
Shear , Vsd = 25.25 kN
x
Kx = 0.448 =
d
 x = 0.448 * 279
& Z = d-0.4x = d (1-0.4 kx)
Z = 279 (1-0.4*0.448) = 279mm
Be = 800mm , bw = 150mm
 b  bw  Vsd  800  150  25.25 kN
Vsd =  e   *
 2 * 800  229 mm
 2bc  Z
Vsd = 44.79 kN m

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 Cont..
VRd 1 = 0.25 fcd hf = 0.25* 13.6* 70 = 238 kN m
VRd 1 = 238 kN m >> 44.79 kN m  safe against failure by crushing of concrete.
Asf f yd
VRd 2 = 0.50 fctd hf +
Sf
0.21 f ck 3 0.21* 24 3
2 2

Fctd =   1.165Mpa
1.5 1.5
Sf = 400mm
A 8 *1000 50 *1000 2
Asf =   125 mm
Sf 400 m
125 * 260.87
VRd = 0.50* 1.165*70 +  40.775  81.522
400
122.30 kN m > 44.79 kN m  safe.
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 Cont..
Flauge in tension
Tension under max. support moment
Mmax = 38.75 kNm
 corresponding design shear
Vsd = 36.46 kN
Z = 229mm since kx = 0.448
As = 5ф14 = 5*154 = 770mm2
Asw = sф14 = 3*154 = 462mm2
 770  462  36.46
Vsd =  *  31.84 kN
 2 * 770  0.229 m
VRd 1 = 238 kN m > 31.84 kN m  safe
Asf f yd 125* 260.87
VRd 2 =   81.52 kN
sf 400 m

VRd 2 = 81.52 kN m > 31.84 kN m  safe.

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Thank You!

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 Quiz
1. advantage of ribbed slab
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2. disadvantage of ribbed slab
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