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65ddde94abe32e00181930eb - ## - Introduction To Graphs Short Notes

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17 views3 pages

65ddde94abe32e00181930eb - ## - Introduction To Graphs Short Notes

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factteller205
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CLASS 8th (Maths)


Class Notes
INTRODUCTION TO GRAPHS
introduction to graphs
• Data presented in a graphical format is easier to understand and interpret. Graphs are visual
representations of data that help convey information effectively.
• There are various types of graphs used to represent different types of data:
1. Bar Graph: Used to show comparisons between categories. It consists of uniformly sized bars
(rectangles) with equal spacing, where the length or height of each bar represents a numerical
value.

2. Pie Graph: Used to compare portions of a whole. It is a circular graph where the sectors represent
different observations or components, and their sizes show the relative proportions.

30% 40%

50%
80%

3. Histogram: A form of bar diagram used to display data in intervals. It is commonly used to represent
the frequency of class intervals. Unlike a traditional bar graph, there are no gaps between the bars.
2

4. Line Graph: Depicts data that changes continuously over time. It consists of a series of connected
points, forming a single continuous line.

5. Linear Graph: A type of line graph in which all line segments form a continuous, straight line.
3

Coordinates:
• To fix a point on a graph, you need both the x-coordinate and the y-coordinate. These coordinates
specify the point's location on the graph.
• The x-coordinate represents the horizontal position, and the y-coordinate represents the vertical position
of a point on the graph.
(x , y)

Abscissa Ordinate
Dependent and Independent Variables:
• In a graph, you often have two types of variables:
• Dependent Variable: The variable that depends on or is influenced by another variable. It is typically
represented on the vertical axis (y-axis).
• Independent Variable: The variable that does not depend on another variable. It is typically represented
on the horizontal axis (x-axis).
Ordered Pair:
• An ordered pair is a set of numbers arranged in a specific order. In the context of a graph, an ordered
pair represents a point's coordinates on the Cartesian plane.
• The first number in the ordered pair is the x-coordinate, and the second number is the y-coordinate.
• Ordered pairs are used to locate and describe points in the coordinate system.
Graphs are essential tools in mathematics and data analysis, allowing us to visualize and interpret data
patterns, relationships, and trends. They are widely used in various fields to make data more
accessible and understandable.

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