65ddde2a1c60a60018416eb3 - ## - Data Handling Short Notes
65ddde2a1c60a60018416eb3 - ## - Data Handling Short Notes
• Methods include:
1. Pictograph: Symbol-based pictorial representation of data.
2. Bar Graph: Visual representation using bars of uniform width, with heights proportional to
values.
3. Double Bar Graph: Comparing two sets of data simultaneously.
2
4. Histogram: Depiction of frequency distribution using rectangles (no gaps between) with class
intervals as bases.
5. Circle Graph or Pie Chart: Pictorial representation of data in the form of sectors, with each
sector's area proportional to the data it represents.
Section 3: Probability - Predicting Uncertain Outcomes
Understanding Probability:
• Probability quantifies the likelihood of an event happening.
Probability Formula:
• Probability of an event = (Number of outcomes that make the event happen) / (Total number of
outcomes in the experiment)
Probability Essentials:
• Experiment: A procedure yielding well-defined results.
• Random Experiment: Known possible outcomes, but specific outcomes cannot be predicted.
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