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PHY 101 - Lecture - 9 - 2024

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7 views13 pages

PHY 101 - Lecture - 9 - 2024

Uploaded by

Kush Sahu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PHY101: Introduction to Physics I

Monsoon Semester 2024


Lecture 9

Department of Physics, School of Natural Sciences,


Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, Delhi NCR
Previous Lecture

Newton’s laws of motion

This Lecture

Tension
Problem solving
Contact force is a force that acts at the points of contact between two objects.
Microscopically this force is transmitted between two bodies by short-range atomic or
molecular interactions.

Viscous force
Nature of honey

Examples: Friction force, tension force, viscous force etc.

Image Sources:
https://www.sciencefacts.net/contact-and-non-contact-forces.html
https://sciencenotes.org/viscosity-definition-and-examples/
If one pulls each section of a short rope to either side of it, by Newton’s third
law it is pulled by the adjacent sections. The magnitude of this force acting
between the adjacent sections of the rope is called the tension.

For such systems we can not associate a fixed direction to the tension.
It will depend on which object/part is exerting the force on which!

Ref.: http://parabolaonline.tripod.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/compression.gif
Similarly, for the systems of masses below, a force (F) is applied and T
is tension between the masses. Find the expression for acceleration of
the system:
few more examples: Pulleys
few more examples: pulling a box

Mathematical tools for problem solving


FMR
R=> Rope FBR
M=> Man 𝐹!" + 𝐹#" = 𝑚" 𝑎⃗
B=>Body
a
mR
𝐹!" − |𝐹#" | = 𝑚" 𝑎

𝐹!" ≠ |𝐹#" |

Rope can transmit a force where the force at any point on the rope is called Tension
T1Sinθ1+T2Sinθ2

Mathematical tools for problem solving

Total force from the projected components of tension (Y direction)

(-Mg)

Mg
T1Cosθ1 T2Cosθ2

Total force from the projected components of tension (X direction)

Mathematical tools for problem solving


Problem 1: The systems shown in figure below are in equilibrium. If the
spring scales are calibrated in Newtons, what do they read? Ignore the masses
of the pulleys and strings and assume the pulleys and the incline in figures are
frictionless. [g is referred to as the acceleration of gravity. Its value is 9.8
m/s2 on Earth]

Þ T = mg = 49 N

2T
=> 2* 49 N
T

Þ T= mg sin 30o
Þ 24.5 N
Problem 2:
Continued…

Applying Newton's 2nd Law, the magnitudes of the two resultant forces can be
expressed as

Answer:
Upward acceleration of the rope: 2.7 m/s2
& tension of the rope: 1000 N
Next

Friction
Projectile motion

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