M-II:205

Chapter 8
CONTINUITY
REVISION POINTS :

CONTINUITY When the left hand limit of a function f (x) as

X -> a~ and the right hand limit of f (x) as x a* are
The word continuity means without any break equal, then the limit of f{x) exists. If these limits are
or gap. In general, a function y = f{x) is continuous at not equal to f{a), then f{x) is not continuous at x = a as
a given point x = a, ii the function y = f{x) does not shown in figure 8.3.
have a break or gap in its value at a i.e. f (a) when
Y
compaired to the value at points near a.
When limit of a function y = f{x) as x tends to a is
equal to the value of the function at a i.e. f(a), then the
graph of the function ai x - a has no break and we
say that, the function y = f{x) is continuous at point
x = a a s shown in figure 8.1.
Y

Fig. 8.3
CONTINUITY OF A FUNCTION AT A
POINT
DEFINITION : 1
A real function f {x) is said to be continuous at
point X = a of its domain, if f (a) exist, lim f{x) exist
Fig. 8.1
When the left hand limit of a function f{x) asx->a~ and lim/(x) =f{a).
x-^a
and the right hand limit of f ( j :) as x a* are equal,
then the limit o i f { x ) atx = a exists. If these limits are DEFINITION : 2
equal to f{a), then f{x) is continuous a t x = a. A real function f (x) is said to be continuous at
When the left hand limit of a function/(x) as x point X = a of its domain, if f (a) exist, lim /(x) exist,
and the right hand limit of f (x) as x are not
equal, then limit of f { x ) a t x = a does not exists. Hence lim f(x) exist f{a) and lim /(x) = lini /(x) = /(a).
x-*a* x-*a~ x-*a*
the function f (x) is not continuous at x = a as shown
The point where the function is continuous is
in figure 8.2.
called the point of continuity.
Y
If f (x) is defined for x = a and x * a , then
lim /(x) = f {a) is applicable.
x-^a
If f (x) is defined for x = a, x < a and x > a, then
lim /(x) = lirn/(x) = /(a) is applicable.
x->rt
Left hand limit of f (x) at x = a IS

Right hand limit of f (x) at x = a is

lta/(x) = iim/(« +^).
Continity M-II:206 Objective Mathematics PLPI1
DISCONTINUITY OF A FUNCTION CONTINUITY IN AN INTERVAL
A real function f{x) is said to be discontinuous at A real function f (x) is said to be continuous in an
a point x = a, if f{x) is not continuous aix = a. interval, i^ it is continuous at every point of the
The point x = a, where the function f (x) is not interval.
continuous is called the point of discontinuity. A real function f(x) is said to be continuous in an
The discontinuity of a function f {x) at x = a is open interval (a, b), if it is continuous at every point
obtained in either of the following cases. of the interval (a, b).
1. lim /(x) existbut lim/(A:) A real function f (x) is said to be continuous on
x-^a x-^tt [a, b], if
2. lim f{x) does not exist. (i) f (x) is continuous in (a, b)
X-»(7

3. /'(a:) is not defined at X = fl. (ii) lim /(x) = f(a)

x-^a
4. lim f{x) or lim /(x ) or both does not exist.
x-ya* (iii) lim /(x) =f{b)
x-yb~
5. lim /(x) and lim /(x) both exist but are not equal. A real function f{x) is continuous on [a, b] iff it is
x-ya x-ya*
continuous on (a, b) and is continuous at a from the
6. lirn /(x) and lim /(x) both exist and are equal to
x-ya* right and at b from the left.
each other but both are not equal to f (a).
CONTINUITY IN THE DOMAIN
TYPES OF DISCONTINUITY OF THE FUNCTION
1. REMOVABLE DISCONTINUITY: A real function D -> R is said to be continuous,
if it is continuous at every point in the domain D of
If a real function f (x) is such that lim /(x) and function f.
x-¥a
f (a) both exists at x = ,o of its domain but CONTINUITY OF SOME STANDARD
lim/(x) * f{a), then f (x) is said to have a removable FUNCTIONS
discountinuity at x = a. 1. CONSTANT FUNCTION :
This discontinuity of f{x)atx = a can be removed Let f (x) = k, where k is constant
by redefining function f{x)atx = a of its domain such
Domain of constant function is R
that lim/(x) =f{a). D^=R
x-*a
Let a e D f
2. IRREMOVABLE DISCONTINUITY:
.'. a e R
If a real function f (x) is such that lim /(x) and lim/(x) = lim(fc)
x-^a x-*a
lim /(x) both exist at x = a of its domain but lim fix) = k
x-ya*
x-¥n
lim /(x) lim /(x), then f (x) is said to have Alsof{a)~k
x-ya" x-ya*
irremovable discontinuity. As f{a) = lim /(x), for all a e R
Such a function can not be redefined to make it .'. /is continuous at x = a
continuous.
Hence the constant function is continuous at
ALGEBRA OF CONTINUOUS FUNCTION every real number.
2. IDENTITY FUNCTION :
If two functions f (x) and g (x) are continuous at
X = a, then Let/(x) = x ‘
1. The function f{x) + g (x) is continuous at x = a. Domain of identity function is R
2. The function f(x) - g (x) is continuous at x = a. D^ € R
3. The function k •f(x), where k e R is continuous at x = a. Let a e D f
4. The function f ( x ) - g (x) is continuous at x = a. ae R
/(jc) lim/(x) = lim(x)
5. The function is continuous at x = a, where g(a)^0. x->a

lim/(x) =a
6. Composition of two continuous functions is always
a continuous function.
Continity M-II:207 Objective Mathematics PLPH
Also f {a) = a 6. EXPONENTIAL FUNCTION :
As f{a) = lim f { x ) , for all a £ R Let f{x) = fl*, fl > 0, fl 1, X 6 R
Domain bf exponential function is R
f is continuous at ;c = fl
.-. D^=R
Hence an identity function is continuous at
Let c e D f
every real number.
.'. c e R
3. POLYNOMIAL FUNCTION :
Now lim fix) = lim ia^)
Let f{x) = aQ+ aiX + a2 X^ + ... + a„x", where n e W, x-yc x-yc
Aq, fli/ ^2' •••' e R be a real polynomial and a be any Put x = c + h
real number, then lim/(a;:) =f{a). A s x -> c = > li-> 0
x-^a
.•. lim/(x) = lim(flC +/>)
f is continuous atx = a X -^ C "- ¥ { )

Hence a polynomial function is continuous in its

.-. lim fix) = lim
domain. X -¥ C

4. RATIONAL FUNCTION: .-. lim fix) = a‘^linj ( a*)

Let f (j :) be a rational function, then f (x) can be x-yc h-yO

expressed as the quotient of two polynomial .-. lim fix) = a‘ a°

functions. X -^ C

. lim fix) = fl<^•1

.'. f(x) = /where g {x) and h (x) are polynomial X -*C

.-. lim fix) = flC

functions and the domain of f (x) is the set of all real X -¥ C

numbers except those points where h (x) = 0. Also fic) = aP

As fic) = lim fix) for all c e R
Let a e Df, then h{a)=^0 and lim f(x) = lim x-yc
' x-^a h{x)
.'. f is continuous at x = c
But c e D f
lim f(x) = lim
h{x) Hence an exponential function is continuous at
every real number.
_ ^(«)
lim/(x) =
h{a) 7. LOGARITHMIC FUNCTION:
Let fix) = logj, X, where c> 0, c ^ 1
Also f (a) _ g(«) Domain of logarithmic function is R^
h(a)
.-. D^ = R^
As f(a) = lim f {x ) , for all « e R Let fl 6 D^
.'. f is continuous at every point of its domain. .•. fl > 0 and all the nearby points of a are also a > 0.
Hence a rational function is continuous at every Now lim fix) = lim (log^ x)
point of its domain. x-ya x-yn

5. MODULUS FUNCTION: .-. lim/(x) =log,fl

x-*a
The absolute function of the function f, denoted Also/'(x) = logj.fl
by I / I, is defined as |/ |(x) = |f(x ) |, for all x e Df.
Let f be a continuous function at x = a, where As fia) - lim /(x), then fis continuous at x = a
x-^a
a e Df. But fl 6 D^
.-. f (a) = lim fix) Hence the logarithmic function is continuous at
x-^a
every positive real number.
Now lim|/|(x) = lim I/(x) I 8. TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS sin x AND cos x :
X’-^a ‘ ’ '

••• Iim|/|(x) =|/(fl)| Let f (x) = sin x

Domain of/’is R
Also l/l («) = !/(«) I .-. D^ = R
As fia) = lim f { x ) , for all a e Df. Let fl £ Df
x~¥a >
.•. fl £ R
:. I/ 1is continuous atx = a.
Hence the modulus function is continuous in its Now lim/(x)' = lim
V_V/t(sin x)
domain.
Continity M-II:208 Objective Mathematics PLPI1
Put x = a + h

lim f(x) = = lim (sin (a + h))

x-*a ft - > 0

lim/(x) = lim{smacosh + cosasinh)

t-> a ft->0
f

lim/(x) = (sinfl)lim(cosW+(cosfl)lim(sin/i)
^ ft-+0 h-yO

lim f(x) = (sin a) (cos 0) + (cos a) (sin 0)

AT->rt

lim f{x) = (sin fl) (1) + (cos fl) (0)

lim f{x) = sin a + 0

lim f(x) = sin a

Also f{a) = sin a
As f (a) = lim f { x ) , then fis continuous at x = a
x-^a
But fl e
Hence the function f (a:) = sin x is continuous at
every real number.
Similarly we can prove the function f (x) = cos x
is continuous at every real number.
9. TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS tan *, cot *, sec
cosec X :
Let f (x) = tan x

Domain of /^is R except odd multiples of .

.-. D ^ = R -(2 m+ 1 )|
Let fl e

.-. f l e R - ( 2 n + l)| -

Now lim f{x) = lim(tana£:)

x->a x->a

lim f(x) = tan a

x-^a
Also f (fl) = tan a
As f (a) = lim f ( x ) , then fis continuous at x = a
x-^a
Hence the function tan x is continuous at every
point of its domain.
Similarly, we can prove the functions cot x, sec x
and cosec x are continuous at every point of its
domain.
Hence tan x, cot x, sec x, cosec x are continuous at
every point of its domain.
□□□
Continuity M-II:209 Objective Mathematics PLPII
: MULTIPLE CHOICF QUESTIONS :

2x^+7
The function f (x) = IS A) -T B) i
x^ + 3x^ - x - 3
discontinuous for
Q 11 D)
A) a: = 1 only ^ 12
B) a: = 1, - 1 only 8. If f (x) is continuous at x = 1, w here
Q ac = 1, - 1, - 3 and other values of x x+3x^ +5x^ + ...+(2 m- 1 ) x ” - n 2\
ac = 1, - 1, - 3 only f(x) = ,ioi X* 1,
x -1
If f (u) = and M = , then f (x) is then f (1) =
u +U-2 ac-1
discontinuous at n(« + l)(2 n -l) n(n + l) (2 « - l)
B)
A) ;c = 2, i B) x = l , 2 , ^
n(n + l)(4 n -l) n(n + l)(4 n -l)
q 6 - ' 3
Q x = 2, 1 D) 2 = 1,2, 1 9. If f (x) is continuous at x = 16, w here
If f (ac) is continuous at ar = 3, w here
x® -(256r ,
— ---- -7-, for x ^ l 6
f(x) = , for ;c ^ 3, then f{3) = Hx) = x^ - (16)“* , then k =
x^- 5x + 6 k, for X = 16
A) - 1 B) 1
A) (16)^ B) 2(16)4
Q i
If f (x) is continuous for all x, w here
I 10.
q 4(16)4 q 3(16)4
If f (x) is continuous at x = 0, w here

a:^ +x^ -16a; + 20

-, fo r a: 7^2 f (x) = — ^ , for X 0 then f{0) =
f{x) = (x-2f , then k =
9 - 3(243 + 5x)5
- fc, for X = 2
A) - 2 B) 2
A) 7 B) - 7 2
q ±7 q 14 Q -f
If f (x) is continuous at x = 2, w here 11. l f * f (x) is continuous at x = 0, w here
' x^-(fl + 2)x+fl f(x) = y/^+ x - Vl +2 ^ , for X 0, then f(0) =
x -2 ■,forx?i2
f{x) = ’ , then a =
2, for X = 2 B) i
5
A) 2 B) - 1
Q 1 q 0
If f (x) is continuous at x = 2, w here 12.
oI
If f (x) continuous at x = 4, w here
x4 - 6 4 x
= 7- T— • MO ^ ^ 2, then f{2) = f(x) = -, for X vt 4, then f { i ) =
(x ^ -1 2 x + 1 6 j 1 x^+9- 5
q20 olO A) 120 B) 240
A) f i F B) fa F q 120 q -2 4 0
13. The value o f f (0), so that the function

^©
>10
D, [I 20

f (X) = + + for x ^ 0
If f (x) is continuous at x = - 2, w here y/a + X-y/ a-x
1 24 becomes continuous for all x, is
, for X - 2,
x + 2-";r^_2:r + 4 x '+ S A) -ayfa B) ayfa
then f ( - 2 ) = q -y/a q yja
Continuity M-II:210 Objective Mathematics PLPI1
14. If f (x) is continuous at x = 2a, where
a/2
A) B)
f{x) = for X la, then f {2a) =
D) 3V2
^ V2
A) 2^|a B) 2a
21. If f (0) is continuous at 0 = where
q ^
2^^a
D) 1
’ 2fl
15. If f ( a:) is continuous at x = 5, where l-tan 0 ,
----- = ------ , for 0 T
/:(0)= J 1-V
i-v ^2sin0
sm o 4 ,th en jt =
^|3 + ^ 4 + x - S
fix)-
j: - 5
■, for a: 5, then f{5) = j,iovQn = j‘X
k i

B) - 7 = A) 2V2 B) 4.^2
2^6 3V6
Q 2 q 4

q 22. The function f{x) = i + sin^^ + cosA:

6-^6 n re
If f (x) is continuous at x = 0, w here at a: = 7t. The value of f{n), so that f{x) is continuous
f{x) = sin X - cos X, for X 0, then f (0) = at X = 7t, is
A) 2 B) 0 A) - 1 B) 1
q -1 q 1
Q 9 q \
If f (x) is continuous at x = y , where
23. If f {x) is continuous at x = w here
f{x)= — ■ ,fo tx ^ y ,th e n \=
COS^JC
f^x)- ~ I L = ,f o r x ^ f ,then / f e l =
B) 2V2 ■smx
A) 4^/2
1 A) ^
Q D)
4^2 2yfl
Q 2V2 D) V2
18. If f (x) is continuous at a: = where
24. If f (x) is continuous at x = where
1 -ta n a:
f(x) = ,fora:;^ then =
l-V2sinA:
A) 2 B) V2
-1
1 B)
Q 2V2 a/2
V2
19. If f (x) = is continuous at a: = 0, w here q V2 D) -V 2
sin lK C O S ^ x ) 25. If f (x) is continuous at x = where
f {x) -----------2------- , for a: 0, then f (0) =

2 -cosec^x _
A) f B) 1 = c o t T ^ '" ' fo’’ ^ 4' /[ t J =
Q - 71 D) n A) 4 B) - 4
Q 2 D) - 2
20. If f ( ac) is continuous at x = where
26. If f (x) is continuous at x = 0, w here

2 -Jl - (cos X+ sin a:)^ s in (x ^ -x )

/( x ) = , for X *■ then f(x) -------^ ^ , fo r X 0, then f{0) =
1- sin 2a:
A) - 1 B) 1
q 0 q 2
/ I t I=
Continuity Objective Mathematics PLPII
27. If f {x) is continuous at x = 0, w here A) - 2 B) - 4
Q 2 q 4
£COS£+3tanx fo rj:^ 0 34. If f (x) is continuous at x = a, w here
x^+sinx ,th en it =
siri(a + x) + sin (a -x )-2 s in a
fc^,forx = 0 fix) ----------------- xsmx
^--------------------- , for X a, then
.A ) 2 B) - 2 f («)“
Q ±2 E) 0
28. If f (x) is continuous at x = 0, w here A) i ( l - c o s a ) B) • i(cosa-l)
sin («+x) - sin (a - x)
f{x) = -, X 0, then f{0) = Q -^ (l-co sa) q -^ (cosa-l)
tan (a+ x) - tan (a - x)
■ A) 2 sec^ a B) sec^ a 35. If f (x) is continuous at x = 0, w here
Q 2 cos^ a D) cos^ a f^^) = 3 -4 co sx tc o s2 x ^ ^^ ^
29. If /■ : R -> R is defined by X
cos3x-cosx A) 0 B) 2
for X 0
f{x) = and fis continuous Q -2 q 4
X, for X = 0 36. If f (x) is continuous at x = 0, w here
at X = 0, then X = ^ 3-4co sx+ cos2x^ ^^ ^
A) - 4 B) - 2 X
Q -8 q -6 '
A) i B) i
30. If f (x) continuous at x = 0, w here
Q 8 q 4
1 -co sx
for X ^ 0 37. The value of k w hich makes
f{x) = X , then k =
k, for X = 0
for X 0
fix) continuous at x = 0 is
A) 1 B) - k, for X = 0
A) 0 B) 1
q 0 Q - 1 q no value of k
^ T
38. If the function f (x) defined by
31. If f (x) is continuous at x = 0, w here
1-cosfcc X sin for X 0
for X 0 fixy= is continuous at x = 0,
f(x) = , then k k, for X = 0
, for X = 0
2 then k =
A) 1 B) - 1 [MHT-CET2016]
q ±1 q 0 A) 0 B) 1
32. If a, P are the roots of ax^ + bx + c = 0 and f (x) is
continuous at x = a, w here
q -1 .. i

^ l-co s(ax^ + tx+ c) , xU r/ \ 39. If f (x) is continuous at x = -I-, w here

f{x) = ---------------- 5------- - , f o i x * a, then f{a) = 6
(x - a r .
Aac-b^ fw - / (f) ■
A) 0 B)
1 1
^ b^-Aac A) B)
M 2 q 3V3 2^3
2a^
33. If f (x) is continuous at x = 0, w here 2 4
Q q
co s'x -sin ^ x -1
f{x)-\ y x ^ + 1 -1 ,th en i: =
2k, for X = 0
Continuity M-II:212 Objective Mathematics PLPII

40. If f (a:) is continuous at a: =

7C
where _A
----- for a 5^2
46. Iff(a ) = a- 2 , then at a = 2
5,for a = 2
tan
- ,f o r a ;t ^ , then A) /"is continuous if/^(O) = - 2
fA )= cot 2a
B) f is continuous
A) 2 B) 1 Q fhas removable discontinuity
1 D) /'has irremovable discontinuity
q i D)
4 47. If f (a) is continuous at a = 2, w here
E. 1
41. If f (a) is continuous at a 2 /(a) = (a -1 ) , for a 2, then f{2) =
1 - sin a 1.
f{x) = for X7^ then /
(n- ■2a)^ ' A)-i B)
1 1 Q -e D) e
A) - B) 8 48. If f (a) is continuous at a = 0, w here
4
1
Q j D) ^ { ( s e c ^ a T ' ^ fo ra7i0
8 / (a )= ^ > , then k =
fc, for a = 0
42. If f (x) is continuous at a: = - j , where

fccosai: c _____ _ 7t
A)i B) 7e
q e D) 2e
f{x) = , then k =
49. In order that the function /(a) = (a + for a 0 is
3, for a = ^
continuous at a = 0, / (0) must be defined as
A) 3 B) - 3 A) /(0) = 0 B) f{0) = e
Q 6 I^ - 6
q f(0) = ^ AO) =7
43. If f (a) is continuous at a = where

, , . se ca -ta n a . ^ rf , for a 0
f{x) = ---------------, for a y , then f \ ^ j = 50. If the function f (a) = is
k, for a = 0
1 1 continuous at a = 0, then k = 7
B)
4 2 [MHT-CET2017]
1 1 A) e B)
6 D) 8 q q e-2
f(:f) is continuous at
51. If f (a) is continuous at a = where
1 - cos(7(a-Jc))
)- for a ^ 71,
5(a-7t)^ 7l'
f^x)= {sm2xr^'^\ for a^ 4 ' then / f f I =
49 49
A) B) 10
5
A) B)
7 7 ve ~4~e
2 10 q q
A ) is continuous at 52. If f (a) is continuous at a = 1, where
/(a) = (log2 2 a ) , for a Vi 1, then /(I) =
A) 0 B) 1
k, for a = 0
q e q
A) e~^ B)
Q 3e D) e
Continuity M-II:213 Objective Mathematics PLPfl
53. If f (x) is continuous at x = 0, w here A) log 9 B) log 81
q 2 log 3 q (log 9)2
8^-2^
^ for X 0 , 61. If f (x) is continuous at x = 0, w here
f{x) = k -1 , then k =
2, for X = 0 in^ +7^ -14^ -5^
---------1 - coF4 x------ ' ^ "
A) 4 B) - 2
q 2 D) ±2 A) i(lo g 2 )lo g [| ) B) i(lo g 2 )lo g [| ]
54. The value of /■at a: = 0 so that the function
2 x _ 2 - at
f{x) = -----------, X 0, is continuous at a: = 0, is q i(lo g 2 )lo g [| ) q i(lo g 2 )lo g [| ]

A) 0 B) ^ 62. If f (x) is continuous at x = 0, w here

Q log 4 q log 2

55. The funcHon f W - l ° 8 a ^ « ) - l ° 8 ( l - f a ) , ,

X
defined at x = 0. The value which should be A) B) 7 l o g [ f
assigned to /■at x = 0 so that it is continuous at
X = 0, is
E* i l o g f f
[MHT-CET2019]
A) log a - log b B) a + b 63. If f (x) is continuous at x = a, a > 0, where
Q log a + log b 13) a - b
56. If f (j :) is continuous at x = 7, w here fl^-x"
, for x ^a
log X -log 7 , then a =
f{x) = x-7— ' x ^ 7 , then f{7) = -1 , forx = a
A) 14 B) 7, A) e B) 2e
q 1 q 0
q n ^ 7 64. If f (x) is continuous at x = 0, w here
57. If f (x) is continuous at a: = 0, w here
log(l + fcx) .
f{x) = , for a: ^ 0, then f{0) = —^4------ for X 0 .
sinx ,th en l: =
A) 1 B) - 1 5, for X = 0

58.
Q 3
^I
If f {x) is continuous at ac = 0, w here
A) 5 B) - 5

D)-l
C) i
(e^-l)sinfca: 65. For what value of k, the function defined by
for a: 0
f(x) = X- ,th en l: =
log(l+2x)sinx°
4, for X = 0 --------,fo rx ?t0 .
f{x) = IS continuous at
A) 4 B) - 2
k, for X = 0
q 2 q ±2
59. If ^ (x) is continuous at x = 0, w here x = 0?
Jl [MHT-CET2016]
fix)= ^ , for X 54 0, then f(0) -
x^ A) 2 B) 1
[M H T -C E T 20181
. 2 5 q JL 90
A) 3 B) -2 ' 90
66. If f (x) is continuous at x = 0, w here
q 1 D) I f{x) = (log (sec2 x)) cot2 X, for x 5^0 and f{x) = k, for
60. If ^ (x) is continuous at x = 0, w here X = 0, then k =
[MHT-CET2017]
9^ _9"^
forx^tO A) e -i B) 1
/^W = sin a: ,th en jt = q e q 0
J t , for X = 0
Continuity M-II:214 Objective Mathematics PLPI1
67. If f (x) is continuous at = 0, w here 74. If fix) = x2 - sin a: + 5, then at ar = n
A) f is discontinuous B) is continuous
fix) = , for jc 0, then fiO) =
seca:-cosx ' Q lim / ( x ) = 7i ^ - 5 p i lim /(a r ) = 5 - 7 t ^
A) 0 B) 2
Q 1 Vi - I
ar, for 0 < ar < -
68. If f (x) is continuous at x = 0, w here 75. If fix)- , then
_ log(2+ 3:)- lo g (2 -a:) 1 -x , fo r.j:S ar< l
f{x) = , for a: 0, then f (0) =
ta n a :

A) I B) }
A) lim fix) = - y

Q 2 E) 1
69. If f (ar) is continuous at a: = 0, w here B) Ita fix) = - j

... . - 1 ) sina: , „ ,
= \ lo g ( l + :c) - ^ “ Q fis continuous at ar =
A) 1 B) 3
/■is discontinuous at ar = —
^I ^ 1
arsinar, fo r0 < x 5 -
70. lff(x) = in [- 1,1] - {0), then for 76. lffix) = , then
s i n a :l o g ^ l + ^ Y sin (7t+ ar), for y < ar < n

removable discontinuity of f at x = 0, f (0) = A) fix) is discontinuous at ar = ^

A) 4 log 8 B) 8 log 2
Q 4 (log 8)2 D) 8 (log 2)2 B) f (ar) is continuous at ar = y

71. If fix) = - {0}, then for Q f (ar) is continuous at ar = 0

a :s m a :
PI f (ar) is discontinuous at ar = 0
77. If f (ar) is continuous at x = 0, w here
fto be continuous in y /fi^) ~
smx
+ COSX, f o r x > 0
A) -e2 B) g2
Q -1 D) 1 fix) = , then fiO) =
72. The function defined by 4 (i-v r ^ )
, for X < 0

A) 2 B) - 2
f i x ) = ■ ( l + t a n ^ V ^ ^ ) ^ * ,f o r a : ? t 0 , is
.
continuous q 4 PI - 4
k, f o r a: = 0
J x + 2 ,if x ^ 4
from right at point a: = 0, then k = 78. Iff(x ) then
A) e B) fi2 ~ [ x + 4 ,if x > 4 '
A) lim fix) =6
Q P) C4
73. The function defined by B) lim fix) = 8
jr-»4”
Q f has removable discontinuity
ac2 +e^ ^ , for ar 2 PI / h as irremovable discontinuity
f{x) = , is continuous from
■x -1 , f o r i < x < 2
k, for a: = 2
79. If fix) = ■ 2, for X = 2 , then /'has removable
right at point ac = 2, then k = 2 x -3 , f o r 2 < x < 3
A) 0 B) 4
discontinuity at x = 2, if /"(2) =
A) 2 B) 3
Q -j
Q 1 E) - 1
Continuity M-II:215 Objective Mathematics PLPII
X, for X > 0
80. IffM - ,t h e n a t ;r .l 87. If/(x) = , then fis
[ x+ 3, forA:>l x^, for X < 0
A) contimious on R except at x = 0
A) lim f{x) = 4
,v-»r B) continuous on R
B) lim f(x) = 1 Q discontinuous on R except at x = 0
D) continuous on R^ only
Q f has removable discontinuity
f has irremovable discontinuity x^ - 4 , for 0 < X <2
88. If/(x) = 2x + 3 ,f o r 2 < x < 4 , then
81. If f{x) = - J x - l , for 2 < AT< 4, then f{x) is
x^ - 5, for 4 < X < 6
A) continuous in (2, 4) except at x = 3
B) discontinuous in (2, 4) except at x = 3 A) /is continuous on [0, 6]
Q discontinuous in (2, 4) B) / is discontinuous on [0, 6]
continuous in (2, 4) Q fis continuous on [0, 6] except at x = 2
E]^ fis continuous on [0, 6] except at x = 4
l-A:,forO<A;<l
82. Uf{ x) = 1 , for a: = 0 , then in [0,1] -2 , fo rx S -1
89. If/(x) = 2x, for - 1 < X < 1, then
A) f (a) is not continuous 2, for X > 1
B) f (x) is continuous
A) / is discontinuous on its domain
Q f (x) is continuous at x = 0
B) / is continuous on its domain
D) f (x) is continuous at x = 1
Q fis continuous on its domain except at x = -1
smx E)) fis continuous on its domain except at x - 1
, f or X < 0 ,
83. Uf{x) = X , then
X +1, for X > 0 2x, for X < 0
90. If/(x) = , then
2x +1, for X > 0 '
A) f is continuous on its domain
B) f is discontinuous on its domain A) / ( IX 1) is continuous at x = 0
Q fis continuous on its domain except x = 0 B) /(x) is discontinuous at X = 0
D) f is discontinuous on its domain except x = 0 Q /(x) is continuous at x = 0
E^ /(1 X I ) is discontinuous at x = 0
X, for 0 < X < 1
84. l i f { x) = • 2, forx = l , then/is x ^- 8
91. If/(x) = , then
x + l,f o r l< x < 2 x^ +x- 20
A) /is continuous on R
A) f is continuous at x = 1 B) /is continuous on R - ( - 5 , 4)
B) f is discontinuous at x = 1 Q /is continuous on R 5, 4)
Q lim /(x) = 2 Dj) fis continuous on R - [ - 5, 4]
D) lm / (x )= l x^ - 3x + 2
.v - > r , for 0 < X < 4
x -3
x^ + 3x + 5 92. If/(x) = , then on [0, 6]
85. If/(x) = in [0, 5], then fis x^-l
, for 4 < X < 6
x^ - 3 x + 2 x -2
A) continuous on its domain except at x = 1, x = - 2
A) /is continuous except at x = 2
B) continuous on its domain except at x = 1
B) /is continuous except at X = 3
Q continuous on its domain except at x = - 2
Q / is continuous except at x = 4
DD continuous on its domain
E]^ fis continuous except at x = 3 and x = 4
x+1
86. If/(x) = •, then in [4, 6] 93. If / (x) is .continuous at x = 1, w here
(x -2 )(x -5 )'
A) f is discontinuous fc+ X, for X < 1
B) f is continuous f{x)= ' 4x + 3, fo rx > l , then k =
Q /is continuous except at X = 2 B) 8
A) 7
D) fis continuous except at x = 5 q 6 D) - 6
Continuity M-II:216 Objective Mathematics PLPI1
94. If f (x) is continuous at x = 0, w here 100 . If f (x) is continuous at x = 3, w here
fflx + 1 , f o r x ^ 3 ,
{ x^ + 1,fo rx > 0
f { x) =\ !- ,thenfc = f i x) =\. , „ , ^,then
[ bx + 3 , fo r X > 3
[ 2V* + l+ fc ,fo rx < 0
A) 3 B) - 2 A) a + b= B) a + b= --g
Q -1 1
95. If f {x) is continuous at :r = 0, w here 2
q a - b= f q a-b=
x^ + a, for X > 0 101 . If f (x) is continuous in [ - 2, 2], where
and then
x^ +1+ P, for X < 0 X + fl, for X <0
fix) = X, for 0 < X < 1, then a + b =
b - X , for X > 1
[MHT-CET2018]
A) 0 B) - 2
T5 q ±2 q 2

96.
^
If f (ar) is continuous at :c = 3, w here
I 102 . lff(x) =
ax^ - b, for 0 < X < 1
2, for X = 1 is continuous at x = 1,
x + 1, f o r l < x < 2
x^ - 9
+ a, for Ac> 3 then the most suitable values of a, b are
x-3
A) a = 2, b = - 2 B)a = - l , b = - l
5, for a: = 3 /then
Q a = l,b = l q a = l, b = - l
2x^ + 3r + P, for a: < 3 103. If the function and the derivative of the function
f (x) is everywhere continuous and is given by
A) a = - l , p = 22 B) a = l , p = - 2 2
bx^ + flX + 4, for X > -1
97.
q a = - l , p = -2 2 D) a = l , p = 22
If f (x) is continuous at a: = 2 and x = 10, where

5, if a: < 2
! ax +b, for x < -1

A) fl = 3, b = 2 B)(1= 2, b = 3
flAC+ b, if 2 < X < 1 0 , then
q a=-2,b =- 3 q fl = - 3 , b = - 2
f{x) =
104. If f (x) is continuous at x = 0, w here
21, if X > 10

A )fl = 2, t = l B ) f l = - 2 , fc = - l
Q f l = 2, fc = - l D )fl = - 2 , b = l t or x<0
98. If f (x) is continuous on [0, 8], w here k, for X = 0 , then k =
fix)-
„2
x^ + flx + 6 , for 0 < X < 2 , for X > 0
fix) = 3x + 2 ,fo r2 < x < 4 , then ■^\6+ J x - 4:
2flx + 5b, for 4 < X < 8
A) 2 B) 0
22 8 q 4 q 8
A) fl = - l , b = ^ B) fl = - l , b = - 105. If f (x) is continuous at x = 0, w here
22 8 sin4x
q fl = - l , b = q a = l,b= j + (j, for X > 0
5x
99. If f (x) is continuous on [ - 4, 2], w here fix)- x + 4 - b , fo rx < 0 , then
j 6 b -3 flx ,fo r -4 < x < -2 1, for X = 0
f i x) - <
[ 4 x + l,f o r - 2 < x < 2
i I..3 B) a = - | , b = -
I s) -I
^ 9 f 1.-3 a= b=3
q f q 2
Continuity M-II:217 Objective Mathematics PLPI1
106. If f {x) is continuous at x = 1, w here 110. If f (x) is continuous on [ - 2, 2], w here

sin to: sinflx

+ fl, for X < 1 + 2, for - 2 5 X < 0
x-l
fix)- 3x + 5, for 0 < X ^ 1 , then a + b =
n x ) = \ 2n, for a: = 1 , then
1 + cos KX
Vx^ + 8 - b , for 1 < X < 2
+ f7, for X > 1
71(1- X ) ^
A) - 1 5 B) 0
Q 2 D) - 2
A) a = n , b = ^ B) a = 3 n , b = ^ 111. If f (x) is continuous on [ - n, n], w here

J. 571
Q a = n, b= D) a = 3 n , b = ^ -2 sin x , for-7t < x < —^
f(x) = asinx + P, for - ^ < X < ^ , then
107. If f(x) and f '(x) are continuous at x = -g-, where
cosx, for Y < X < 7t

sin 2x, if X < ■

A) a = l, p = l B) a = -l, p = -l
f(x) = , then
flX + i7, if X >
q a = -l,p = l q a = l,p = -l
6 112 . If f (x) is continuous in ( - oo, 6), w here

7t
A) a - - 2O, h
b -- -Vs
J - + 7J1 B) fl = 2,b = ^ 1 + sin^-^j, for-oo < x < 1
3

1 . ^/3 , 71 n f(x) = ax + l7 ,fo rl< x < 3 .then

Q "= fl = l,fc=
V -6 6
108. If f (x) is continuous at X = 0, w here 6 tan ^ -^ j, for 3 < X < 6

A) a = 2, b = 0 B) a = 0,b = 2
sin(fl + l)x + sinx q fl = 2, i7 = l
, for X < 0 Q a= l,b = l
X
f{x) = c, for X = 0 , then 113. If f (x) is continuous at x = w here
Vx + bx^ -V x
, for X > 0
byfx flx+1, f o r x < Y
f(x) = , then
A) a = - 2 , b = 0, c = 0 B) a = - 2 , b = R,c = 0 sinx + i7 ,fo r x > y
Q a= - 2 , b ^ 0 , c = 0 D) a = - 2 , b = 0 , a t 0
109. If f (x) is continuous at x = 0, w here A\ flTC 1 bn
A) - ^ = b B) ■= a a

sin(fl + l)x + sinx

, for X < 0 q « =t = f q a = b= -y+1

fW = c, for X = 0 , then
^x + bx^ -V x —j , for X 7^0
, for X > 0 114. lff(x) = , then fis
bx^fx +1
1, for X = 0
A) a = - 2 , b = R, c = 0
B) a = - 2 , b ^ 0 , c = 0 A) continuous at x = 0
B) discontinuous at x = 0
Q fl = i7 = R, c= ^ q continuous if /"(0) = - 1
D) discontinuous if /^(O) = - 1
D) a= - | , t = R - { 0 ) , c = j
Continuity M-II:218 Objective Mathematics PLPII
115. If f (a:) is continuous at ac = 0, w here
—r,for x ;*0
1 124. lif{x) = 1^1 , then fis
iorx*0
c, for X = 0
fix) = l+ g i ,thenfc=
k, for x * 0 A) continuous at x = 0
B) discontinuous at x = 0
A) 1 B) 0 Q continuous if /'(O) = 1
Q -1 D) does not exists EJ) continuous if (0) = - 1
116. The function/^(x) = I X I is 125. Which of the following function is not continuous
A) continuous on R , at X = 0 ?
B) discontinuous on R [MHT-CET2019]
Q continuous on only R^
Dj) discontinuous only R^ I (l + 2 x )* ,fo r x ;i0
117. If f{x) = IX I, then at x = 0 [ e^, for X = 0
A) discontinuous B) continuous
Q lim/(x) = l D) lim/(x) = - l V f sin x-cosx,for X
x->0 x ->0 B) ] -l,forx = 0
118. If f (x) is continuous at x = 3, w here
lx - 3 l,f o r x ? i3
f{x) = , then k = - 1 , for x^O
k, for X = 3 Q f(x)-
+1
A) 1 B) 0 -1 , forx = 0
Q - 1 D| does not exist
119. If f (x) = [x], where x is the greatest integer not
greater than x, in (- 4, 4), then f{x) is , for X 0
^ fix)- sin3x
A) discontinuous at x = 0 only in (- 4, 4) 1, for X = 0
B) continuous at x = 0 only in (- 4, 4)
□□□
Q discontinuous at every integral point of (- 4, 4)
Dj) continuous at every integral point of (- 4, 4)
120 . If f{x) = I (1 + x) + IX 11, then f is
A) discontinuous for all x e R
B) continuous for all x e R
Q continuous for all x e R^
continuous for all x e R“
121 . If f{x) = IX I + IX - 1 I, then in [ -1 , 2]
A) f is continuous except at x = 0
B) f is continuous except at x = 1
Q fis continuous
ly) f is discontinuous
122 . The function /"(x) = x + |x |is continuous for
A) only X > 0 B) x e (- oo, oo) - {0}
Q X € (- c», oo) D) no values of x
123. lff{x) = 2 x - Ixl, th en atx = 0
A) f is continuous B) f is discontinuous
q lim /(x) = 3
x-»0"
P) lim /(x ) = 1
x-yO* ■'
Continuity M-II:219 Objective Mathematics PLPII
: ANSWERS :
...
(D) ■ 26. .j ..(A) 4 1 A ),^ , : 76...... (A) 101. ...(D)
'' i
(B) 27. .J ..(o'^'r .....(O 77...... (A) 102. ...(D)
(A)V.>. ..(D) ■■knE.. ;.’..(0 78.......(D) 103. ...(B)
V
(A)':: 29 j ..(A) 79.......(C) 104. ...(D)
..... (D) ^ 3 0 ... 80...... (D) 105. ...(A)
..... (C) -;r 3 1 ... 81...... (D) 106. ...(B)
7. .. — (D) 32. .i ..(C) .. 82...... (A) 107. ...(D)
...... ( Q ^ V i .T'^ 3 3 . .j ..(A)r ■ 83...... (A) 108. ...(C)
..... (B)g% 34. J ..(b ).;., A 84.......(B) 109. ...(D)
10 . .....(B) -' ^ 5 ...... (B) -110. ...(D)
;. ' ' Vs ’.I ..(A).^
11. .....(D) _. 3 6 .. ..( ,B ) i- ^ ^ 6 6 f , y w (D) 111. ...(C)
12 . .....(B)v.^'t;f, , 37. ^87! 112. ...(A)
13. l . ( o “^ '3 -" ' .38. .' .:( A ) '? -.’f 88.......(Q 113. ...(A)
14. .... (C) . '3 9 ... ..(C)- 89...... (B) 114. ...(B)
15. .....(D) 4 0 .. ..(C) ; 90...... (B) ' 115. ...(D)
16. .....(C) , - .. ..(D) 91...... (C) 116. ...(A)
17. .....(O 42. .. ..(Q ,,„ 92...... (D) 117. ...(B)
■4y;
18. .....(A) 43. ., ..(B) ,j:‘ '■ 93...... (C) 118. ...(B)
19. .....(D) 44. ..(B) - 94.......(C) 119. ...(C)
20 . .....(A) 45. .. ..(B) 95...... (C) 120. ...(B)
21 . .....(D) 46. .| ..(C) 96...... (C) 121. ...(C)
■ 22 . .... (A) 47. . ..(B) .
.A !
97...... (A) 122. ...(C)
23. .....(D) 48. .; ..(6 i 98.......(A) 123. ...(A)
24. ..... (^t) . 49. .i ..(B) . 99...... (B) 124. ...(B)
25. .....(D) 50. . ..(Q 100. ...(C) 125. ...(C)
Continuity M-ll:220 Objective Mathematics ?L?II
: SOLUTIONS USING SHORTCUT
(D) (C)
f (x) is ratio n al fun ction w hich becom es f(x) is continuous at x = 2, then f(2) = lim /(x )
discontinuous if its denominator becomes zero. x->2
+ 3x'^ - a; - 3 = 0 => (x + 3) - (z + 3) = 0 20 ^
(x ^ -x -2 )
{x + 3) (a:2-1) = 0 => (x + 3) (x + 1) (x - 1) = 0 f(2) = lim
' '■ ' x ->2 (x® -12x + 1 6 )“
X = - 3, - 1,1
(B)
1 ((x -2 )(x + l)) 20
M= is a ratio n al fun ction w hich is = lim 10
X -1 x-*2 (x - 2 )^ ° (x ^ + 2 x - 8 )
con tin u ous on its dom ain excep t w here its
denominator becomes zero, then x - l = 0= > x = l
(x -2 )^ °(x + l) (x+1)
20 >
= lim = lim
x->2 (x-2)^'’ (x+4)- x -^2 ,(x + 4)'°
- — 27 is a rational function which is
f (m) = -uy +U-
con tin u ous on its dom ain excep t w here its (2 + 1)^° ^ ^ 10
denominator becomes zero, then
(2+4)^“ 6’“
m^+u - 2 =0=>(u -1)( m +2) =0=>h =1, - 2
(D)
Now ^ 1 = I and ^ = -2 f(x) is continuous at x = - 2, then
x -l x -l
f ( - 2 ) = lim/(X)
I I ' ' ' x -*-2
X - I = I and X - I = => x = 2 and x = -^
(A) 1 24
f { - 2 ) = lim
x->-2l x + 2 x^-2x +4 x^+8
f{x) is continuous at x = 3, then /'(3) = liin /(x)
24
( x^ - 7 X + 121 ^ j ^ r ( ^ - 3 ) ( x - 4 ) = lim x +2 ; c '- 2 x + 4 {x + 2)( x^ - 2 x +4)\
f ( 3) = lim x ->-2
x ^ -5 x + 6 j

= limf-^—I 3 -4 -I 2 x ^ -4 x + 8 + x + 2 - 2 4
=- l = lim
.v->31 X —2 3 -2 I r ->-2
,
(x + 2 ) ( x ^ - 2 x + 4 )
(A)
f (x) is continuous for all x, then it is continuous at
x = 2. 2 x ^ -3 x -1 4
= lim
x -> -2
(x + 2 )( x ^ -2 x + 4 )
f x ^ + x ^ -l6 x + 2 0
f(2) = lim /( x ) => fc = lim
x-*2 x-*2 (x -2 )'
(x + 2 )(2 x -7 ) 2 x -7
By L' Hopital rule, we get = lim = lim
x -> -2
(x + 2 )( x ^ -2 x + 4 ) x->-2l^x^ - 2 x + 4
3 x ^ + 2 x - l6
k= lim
x-^2 2 (x -2 )
= lim f^ l =^
2 J 2 2 (-2 )-7 -4 -7 11
(-2 )^ -2 (-2 ) +4 4 +4 +4 12
=6+1=7

(D)
f(x) is continuous at x = 2, then lim /(x ) = f(2)
x-^2

^x^-(a + 2)x+a''
lim = 2
,r-»2 x -2

By L' Hopital rule, we get

j= 2 = > 2 ( 2 ) - a - 2 = 2 = > 4 - a =4

a =0
Continuity M -il;22i O b jec tiv e M ath em atics P L F II
8. (C) 11. (D)
f(x) is continuous at x = 1 , then /■(!) = lim f(x) f {x) is continuous at 2: = 0, then f{0) = lim/(2:)

■n - n„2 ^
^x + 3x^ +5x^ + ...+{2n-l)x” f 1 i ''
f(l) = lim (1 + 2 :)3 ~(1 + 2 :)3
' ' ' ,t->i ~x^ f{0)= lim X
x -»0

By U Hopital rule, we get \ J

By L'Hopital rule, we get
'l+6x + 15x^+... + n{ 2 n - l) x ’‘
/■(I) = lim ^ zl 1
' ' ' X->1 1
1 (1 + 2:) 2 - 1 (1 + 2:) 3
1 1 _ 1
= l + 6 + 15 + ... + n ( 2 n - l ) /(O)-lta 1 2 3 ~ 6
= 1 l + 2 - 3 + 3 - 5 + ... + ( 2 n- l)M
n n
12. (B)
= ^ r ( 2r - l ) = 2 ^ r ^ - ^
r=l r=l r=l f (2:) is continuous at 2C= 4, then f (4) = lim /(x)
' ' ' ' ' ,v->4

m(h+1)(2 m+1)'] n(«+l) n(n + l)^4n + 2

6 “ j ~ r ~ “ 2 1, 3 X* -6 4 x
f(4 )= liin
.v^4 V ? + 9 - 5
n(n + l)(4n + 2 - 3 ) _ n(n + l)(4 n -l)

9. (B) (x ^ -6 4 )(Jx ^ + 5
= Um
/■(j :) is continuous at a: = 16, then /^(16) = lim f(x) x^4 x ^ + 9 -2 5
X—>16

4>
^/ - (2 5 6 ) ^ ^ x« - ( i 62)
lim = lim
v->16
, x->16 x^ ~{16f lim^x^V? + 9 + 5
= limi ^ —— l-lim
—16y

= lim = 1 (43- 2) . (4 (7 1^ 4. 5 ))= |(4)(40) =240

X^16 = 2 (16)^
13. (C)
10. (B)
If f(x) is continuous for all x, then it is continuous
f{x) is continuous at x = 0, then /"(O) = lim/(x)
at X = 0. Then f(0) = lim /(x)
x-yO
^ 1 ^
{27-2x)^ - 3 ^ax + x^ +ax + x^
••• f(0 )=li m f { 0 ) = lim
x->0 ' ' ' x^O ■Ja+ x-■yja-x
9-3(243+ 5x)5
By L'Hopital rule, we get /
fl2 -flx
'
+ x 2 -fl 2 - a x - x 2
= lim
x->0 a+x-a+x
-2 ^
1 _2 —
^(27-22:) 3 ( - 2) ^ (27)3
/•(0)= lim ______ -Ja + x+yJa-x _____ ^
' ' ' x-»0 —3 —
-4
-^ (2 4 3 + 52:) 5 (5) -3(243) 5 Vfl^-flX + X^ +Vfl3+flx + x3

f V^+V^ ]
2(243)5 2(3)^ = lim = (-a ) = -V ^
= 2 2x J [2aj
9(27) 3 9(3)^
Continuity M -II:222 Objective Mathematics PLpfl
14. (C)
[
1 - s i n x ______
f (x) is continuous at x = 2a, then f {2a) = lim f{x) ■ x™ l(l-sm x)(l +sinx)j I V2 +V1 +T

■Jx -■ J^ +-Jx-2a r 1 ] 1 1 1
f{2a)= lim - lim f 1 1-
^(x-2a)(x + 2a) ■ ! ! ^ U + sinxJ ^^2 +^/2 , 1 + 1 2V2 4^^2
2
18. (A)
^ - V zia ^J x - 2a
= lim
x-»2fl ■Jx-2a ^x- 2a j V2a + 2a f (x) is continuous at x = -^

f x~2a 1 - tan X I
+1
Via x->2fl^ V x ^ (V x + V 2 a ) / (II - - ‘™. l-'y^^sinxj

By L'Hopital rule, we get

1 V O L + i) = /' ,2 ^
2^a ^+ ^2a J 2 V a lV ^ +V ^

^ (0 + 1) = ^
2Va 2^/a
15. (D) V2
f(x) is continuous at jr = 5, then f(5) = lim/(x) 19. (D)
x-»5 f (x) is continuous at x = 0
1/3 + V4 + J - J 6 r sm(7icos
. I 2 X )>
j sin(Tc-jtsin^x)
x-5 f{0)= liin = lim
' ' ' x->0 x' X-+0

=. lim
3 + V4 + a : - 6 .. 1
lim
■I • 2XV
sinl Ttsm I
= lim
• 2 X^
sin(nsin^x) TTSm
r-»5 x^O jtsm X
yj3 + ^4 + x + S , x->0

^l4 + x - 3 1 sin(7rsin^x)
(
= lim sm X
x-*5 i X — 5 = Tt-lim •lim = n •1 •1 = 71
>* V3 + V4 + 5 +V6 x->0 ^ Ttsin^x x->0(^

1 4 + X-9 20. (A)

•lim
V3 + 3+V 6 x-5 V4 + I + 3
f (x) is continuous at x =
= . 1 1
.^6+^6 x ^ s U - S ; - 5 + 3 2V 6 > / 9 + 3 2V2 - (cos x+sin x)^'
1 V ^ x -> j X -> jV
l-s in 2 x
2 S 3+3 12V6 By L'Hopital rule, we get
16. (C)
✓ 2 \
f{x) is continuous at 2: = 0, then f{0) = hm/(x) -3(co sx + sinx) (-sin x + cosx)
-2 co s2 x
f(0) = lim (sin 2: - cos = sin 0 - cos 0 = 0 - 1 = - 1
x^O
- 3 (cos X+ sin x)(cos x + sin x)(cos x - sin x)
17. (C) = lim
.V -
-2 co s2 x
K -1
f (x) is continuous at x = y
3
cos
'^^^-'^l + sinx ^
X-^n COS^ X

3 J_ ^ _ L
2 - 1 - sin X 1 2[^ \ f2
= lim ------- 2— ^“ 7=— ..
1 -sin X -»/2+Vl + sinx
Continuity M-II:223 Objective Mathematics PLPII
21. (D) 25. (D)
71
f(Q) is continuous at 0 = - j , then ~ /(®) f (x) is continuous at x = -^

2-cosec^x
^ 1 - tan 0
4 = lim / ff] = c o tx -1
^1-V2 sinO,
By L'Hopital rule, we get ^2 -1 -cot^ x'^ = lim '^1-cot^ X^
= lim c o tx -1
- sec^ 9 co tx -1
^ = lim lim (sec^ 0 )
-V2cos0 2 V2 ’
. l t a f < t f 2 « K i i ^ ' | . lim (-(l + cot;r))
-(1-COtx) )
k 2V2
-^ sec^
2 ^f2 © - 1 = V2 =>Jt = 4
22. (A) = -|^l + cot (1 + 1) = - 2
(f)] -
f (x) is continuous at x = ti, then f (it) = lim f{x)
x->n 26. (A)
-sinx + cosx^ f{x) continuous at x = 0, then f (0) = lim/(x)
f(n)= lim f-^-^
-sina: + cos:t:)
By L'Hopital rule, we get
f(0)=
' ' ' jr-»0 a t :r f r - l )
-co sit-sin it
' ' .v->jiV cosi:
cos X —
- Ssinac
in X j cos It - sm n = ( 1) ( 0 - 1) = - 1
-(-i)-o 1 , 27. (O
- 1-0 -1 ^
/■(^t) is continuous at x = 0, then f (0) = lim /(x)
23. (D)
^___ _ 3tanx
f (x) is continuous at x = y COSX + — —
p . limf^£2|I±31Sil£'| . lim
■v->ov X + sinx ) smx
x+
cosx
V l - ssinx
i
- cos0 + 3(l) 1+ 3 . , -
Jt2 = — „ = —7— =4=>ir = ± 2
0+1
( Vcos
1---- X
= lim
V l-s in x
lim (JV l-s1 -sin
in ^ x
x
28. (D)
V ) f (x) is continuous at x = 0, then f{0) = lim/(x)

= lim (Vl + sinx ) = ^1 + sin^-jj = Vl+1 = ^ r/m_ ( sin(fl + x )-s in (fl-x )

i‘^ (ta n (fl + x )-ta n (fl-x )
24. (A) By L' Hopital rule, we get
K
f (x) is continuous at x = -^ ^ cos(fl + x) + cos(fl-x)
f{0) = lim
.r->0 sec^ (fl + X) + sec^ (a - x)
...
.4 , 2 cos a
■4 cos a + cos a
— = COS'* a
sec^ a+ sec^ a 2 sec^ a
C O S X -sin x ' = ii^ r — L _ _
= limf- 29. (A)
" V c o s ^ X - s in ^ X itVcosx + smx
4 f (x) is continuous at x = 0, then f(0) = lim /(x)

. 1! ^ . ,_ 4
cos
■J
Continuity M-II:224 Objective Mathematics PLPI1
30. (D) 2sinfl(cosfl-l) 2(co sfl-l)
f{x) is continuous at x = 0, then /"(O) = lim f(x) flsinfl a
T^O
35. (A)
... l i m f l : i ^ l = l i x n f l ^ ^ - ;c l = f i f{x) is continuous at a: = 0, then f{0) = lirn/(x)

31. (C) r/n\ T ( 3 -4 c o s a : + cos2a:'\

f{0) = hm ------------5----------
f{x) is continuous at = 0, then lim/(A:) = /'(O) a:'^ J
By U Hopital rule, we get
1-cosfcc'l 1 ^ _ 1 r4sina:-2sin2a:^ n „ r 2cosx-2cos2a;^
lim = ~2 => - "2 =>k^ = l=>k = ± l
x-^0[ X hm
,r-^oV------ 2^^------ = M
2ac 1 J
32. (C) = 2 cos 0 - 2 cos 0 = 0
a, P are the roots of ax^ + bx + c = 0, then 36. (B)
ax^ + bx + c = a (x - a) (x - P)
■f{x) is continuous at a: = 0, then f{0) = lirn/(a:)
f(x) is continuous at a: = a, then f(a) = lim f(x)
3 -4 c o s x + cos2ac
AO) = lim
'^l-cos(a(x-a)(A :-P))^ x-»0
f(a)= lim
r-^a (x -a )2
4 -4 c o s a c -l + cos2x
= hm
l-co s(a (x -a )(A :-p )) 2... „^2
= lim ---- 5 ^-------- r --------- a (x-p )
v-a->0 fl^(x-a)^(x-p)^ 4(1 - cos x) - 2 sin^ a: ^
= lim
x->0
^ (a -P )' (i)
.2 ^
8 sin^ j - 21^2sin j cos
Now (a - P)^ = (a + P)^ - 4ap = [ -^ 1
= lim
x->0

b^ -4ac

From (i), we get

fW =
b^ -4flc
2
= lim
x^O
8sin A | 1 - cosN |

= lim
x->0
'8sin^(
1)1
33. (A) J 1 y
f(x) is continuous at a: = 0, then f{0) = lim/(;c)

/ , 2 '' = 8 lim = A (l)4 = i

COS 2 c - s m 2 :-l
Ik = lim x-»0 16 2
,r->0 x l6
i.x ^ + l - \ 16
37. (D)
/■(ar) is continuous at 3c= 0, then f(0)= lim/(ar)
x->0

= lim +1) = - 2 (1)2 (2) It = - 2

X
34. (D)
As ar -> 0, then the value of passes through
f(x) is continuous at a: = a, then f{a) = lim/(a:)
x->a
[ - 1 , 1] infinitely many ways
-2sinfl''
The limit of the function does not exist at ac = 0
' ' ' ^ V- I
r->fl YGirt Y
acsmac y Hence there is no value of k for which the function
is continuous at a: = 0
sin2fl + sin 0 -2 sin a 2sinflcosfl-2sina
flsina asm a
Continuity M-II:225 Objective Mathematics PLPII
38. (A) 42. (O
f{x) is continuous at ;c = 0, then f(0) = f (x) is continuous at :c = - j , then /(^)

■■■ ‘- S s h * " © ] lixn fi^ l= 3

x-»^ V 2x )
'W e have - l < s i n ^ j j ^ l => -Afi:icsin^-ij<ar By L' Hopital ru le, we get

lim in (f) . 3=> k = 6

lim (~x)< lim |x sin f —] |< lim (x) X
r _~*^
4 ."
x->o x-»ol^ Vxjj X-+0
43. (B)
0 < lim/(a:) < 0 => lim f{x) = 0 =>k = 0
x->0 x->0 It
f{x) is continuous at = -^
39. (C)

f{x) is continuous at x = then

D sec X -tan X
/ ( i ) . t e / W - lim
i S t :anx V
n-6x

By L' Hopital rule, we get Put x - ^ = h => x = ^ + h

- Vs sec^ X ^ sec^ A sx -> ^ =>h-^0

/(f) - -6 iS (f)
sec ■j+/ij-tan^^ + /ij
lim
2V3IV3J 3^3 < f) = 1h^O
‘ -h
40. (Q

f (x) is continuous at x = -^ - cosec 1j +cot/ij f l --cc o s It''

= lim
h^O -h - b [ - shsinh
ii

1-cos/i h
= lim,
cot2x h-,o{ h sink J - 2
ix ] ■
4
■ ;■‘“’s 4
44. (B)*
By L'Hopital rule, we get f{x) is continuous at x = n
/■ ^ l-cos(7(a:-7i))'
-se c f(n) = lim f{x) = lim
'( !- * ) secO ' X - > lt X -*T t 5 {x -n Y
lim
Jl -2cosec^ 2x
2 cosec
tf 2
Put x - n = h
Asx-¥n=>h->0
41. (D)

f (x) is continuous at 3C= - j

. 1,._ fl-cos7h^
/,2 J 17^
5’ 2
49
10
45. (B)
/1 . N
1-smar f{x) is continuous at a: = 0, then f(0) = lta/ (x)
{n-2xf
1
By L' Hopital rule, we get jk= lim (l + 3x)^ =e^
x-»0
-cosjr 1 sm:r
^ (f) ■ .“5 ( - ( , - 2 , ) J - 4 . “5 ,
5 . 4

■^ " (1 ) - - 1
Continuity M-II.-226 Objective Mathematics PLPII
46. (C)
f(2) = 5 Put x ~ j = h => 2 x ^ j + 2 h
f X2 - 4a\
limf(x)= lim = 2 (2) = 4 which is finite As X •h-^0
x-*2-^ ,r->2 x-2
and not equal to f (2) tanMS+2h
Hence f is discontinuous at at = 2 and this
discontinuity is removable.
1
47. (B)
= lim(cos2/i)“ ‘^^'‘ = lim (l-2 sin ^ /i)‘®'’^^*
f(x) is continuous at ac = 2, then f{2) = liinf{x) h-^O h->0
2sin^A
1
tan^2ft
f (2) = lim (X- ! ) '■ ' = lim (l-2sin^/x)2«‘"'
x-y2 lt-*0
V u t x - 2 = h=i>x = 2 + h
A sx -> 2= > / i-> 0 sin^/i
-1 ^- 2 !i‘lim
-»o(tan^2ftJ -2^1) 1
= lim (l-2 sin ^ ft)2 « "'
ix-l h-fO
f{2) = lim(2 + l i - l )\-h'' = lim(l + lj)'' = e -i= -
52. (C)
48. (C)
fix) is continuous at x = 1, then f (1) = lim/(x)
fix) is continuous at x = 0, then f(0) = lim/(x) X -> 1

1
lo g jX
f i l ) = lim(log2 2x)'°®"^ = lim(log2 2+log2x)
jt= lim (sec^x)“ * ^ = lim (l + tan^ x ) x -» l x -» l
i->o' ' -T->0' ’
Put log2 X = t
As X - > 0 => (tan^ x) 0, then A:= e
A s x -> l= > t- ^ 0
49. (B)
fix) is continuous at x = 0, if f(0) = lim /(x) /^(l)=.lim(l + f)'=e
x ->0

X 53. (C)
1 \ tanx
ff0 f (x) is continuous at x = 0, then fiO) = lim /(x)
* )= Iim(l
i i->0
V—aH
+ x)“ ‘^ = Vlim
vrt
x-M)
(1 + xV x->0

f 8 " -2 " l „ 2X
lim , r .. ■■ 2 => l i m = 2r?>
x->0 1, ) x->o
= lim (1 + xV = =e
x->0
2° log 4
- j 3 ^ = 2 z > l l o g 4 = 21ogA:
50. (C)
fix) is continuous at x = 0, then /"(O) = linx/(x) 2 log 2 = 2 log A=> A:= 2
54. (C)
i 1 tanx fix) is continuous at x = 0, then /'(O) = lim/(x)
x->0
■■■
f2 "-2 -0
lim = lim
x^O1 ^ J x->0 1 ^ 2^J
(l + tanx)‘®"^ = 2 Io g 2 •i = 21og2 •1 = log4
= lim 1
x->0 2^ 1
( l-t a n x ) ‘a"^ 55. (B)
51. (A) fix) is continuous at x = 0, if f (0) = lim/(x)
x-»0

f (x) is continuous at x = -^
fiO) = lim f
x-»0\^
~ ~

/ f - jl = lim/(x) = lim (sin 2x) tan^ 2x

. A og(l + flx) log (l-b x)
V’ / X -»? I-> ?
= lim = a-i~b) = a + b
x->0
Continuity M -II:227 Objective Mathematics ?L ?fl
56. (D)
5^(2"-l)-7^(2^-l)^
f{x) is continuous at x = 7, then f (7) = = lim
x-»0 2 sin^2a: )
loga:-log7
••• ^ 7 ) = !™ ( 2 ^ - i )(5 ^ -7 Q
x—
^7 y V ^-7 y = 4 lim <y
2 x->o sin 2a:
By U Hopital rule, we get

2 ^ -1 ¥ 5 ^ -7 ^ ^ ^
1 = 4 lim = i ( l o g 2)lo g f|
2 x-»0 V ^ y
vh 62. (D)
57. (A) f(x) is continuous at a: = 0, then f(0) = lim f(x)
x-yO
f{x) is continuous at x = 0, then /'(O) = lim/(A:)
5X - 2X
„2x (s"-2 ")x = lim
f(0)= lim COS 5 x - COS 3a:
f(Q)= lim 3x ' ' ' x->0 cos 5a:-cos 3a: x->0
' ' ' T->0 S i n 3a: j x -*o
3a: sin 3a:
= •1 ■1 = 1
58. (D) lo g (f) lo g (l) ^ , 2.
f(x) is continuous at a: = 0, then lim f(x) =f(0) ■ 32_52 - 9 - 2 5 ■ - 8
x-yO
- 2 “ 2
f(e'^-l)sinfc«:^ 63. (O
lim
x-yO x^
V ^ J /■(ac) is continuous at a: = a, then /'(a) = lim f(x)

( sinfcx^
lim =i = > k k =i=>k^-i
x-»0 1 X 7y lim =-l
\x^-a“
k = ±2 By L'Hopital rule, we get
59. (D)
fl^logfl-aa:'’”^'' \a-l
f(x) is continuous at a: = 0, then /'(O) = lim/(a:) fl" logfl-q(fl)‘'
x-yO
lim
x-^a ac^(l + loga:) fl" (l + logfl)
r ^2 ^
e -co s a: e - 1 + 1 -cosa:
/'(O) = = lim fl"logg-fl" _ ^ ^ logfl- 1 _ ^
' ' ’ x-yO X -+0
V ^ > fl‘'(l+logfl) ^ l + log«
f y2 ^ log fl - 1 = - 1 - log fl 2 log fl = 0 => log fl= 0 => fl= 1
e - 1 , 1 -c o sx
= lim 2 = 1+1 = 1 64. (A)
x-yO X X2
f (x) is continuous at x = 0, then liin/(x) = f{0)
60. (B)
f(x) is continuous at a: = 0, then f (0) = lim/(a:) 'k>gil+kx)
x ->0
lim x-yo\y x smx J
x->0 y smx y
• ]c= lim (k){l) = 5=>k = 5
•■ ^ x->0 ^ sma: ^ 2a: sina: 9^
65. (O
= 2 (log 9) (1) •- ^ = (log 81) •i = (log 81) •1 = log 81 f{x) is continuous at x = 0, then f{0) = lim/(x)

61. (B)
f(x) is continuous at a: = 0, then /'(O) = lim/(a:) x-yoy
x-»0

. , , „ r i0"+ 7^ -14-^ -5^

,=_¥21og(l + 2x) sinx°l „ , 71 n
■■ l-cos4a: ---- 2l------- ^ J = 2-1-I80 = %
Continuity M-II:228 Objective Mathematics PLPI1
66. (D)
f{x) is continuous sAx = 0, then f{0) = limf{x) 8 * -l
X-¥0
= lim 2 ^ - 4 ( lo g S ,l
'^logsec^x^ log(l+tan^x) x->0
k (0) = lim = lim . lo g fl + x l (I)t
' ' x->0 V cot^^c ^ x-*0 tan^ X j sinx 4j
V X X
=1
71. (D)
67. (B)
f (x) is a rational function which is continuous on
f{x) is continuous at x = 0, then f{0) = limf{x) its domain except where its denominator becomes
JC-»0
zero, t h e n x s i n x = 0 = > x = 0
log(l + ;c^)-log(l-x^)'|
f(0)= lim x = 0 e ZZL iL
' ' ' X-+0 sec At-cos X 2 ' 2

lo 8(U A .^ )-lo g (l-x^ ),(^ ^ )^ Now lim /(x ) = l i m ( ^ - t 4 ^ —^

= lim
x-»0 1 -C O S X
x^ol xsinx

e2x+ i_2ex \2
log(l + At^)-log(l-At^) ^g ^ -1 ,J_.l
= lim (cosO) = lim = lim
smx x->0
x ->0 X^ sm X V ^ y

log(l + A:^) log(l-At^)

= lim (1) = 1 - ( - 1 ) = 2
x ->0
72. (O
68. (D) f (x) is continuous from right at x = 0
f{x) is continuous at x = 0, then f(0) = lim /(x ) f (0) = lirn^ /(x ) fc = lim /(O +h) = lim fQi)
3^-»0 h -»0 /;-»0

log(2 + x ) - l o g ( 2 - x )
f(0) = lim jt- limfl
t. wn ^
+ tan^Vii’)^''
'
x-»0 tanx
By L' Hopital rule, we get I 1 tan^Vft 1
f \ - li m l + tan^ViT 2/, ^
i+ i
f{0) = lim 2 + x 2 -x 2 2 =1=1 1.1 1
' ' ' x-» 0 sec2 q 1 = c2^=g2
sec^ X
V y
73. (D)
69. (B) f{x) is continuous from right at x = 2
f(x) is continuous at x = 0, then f{0) = lim /( x ) ••• /■(2) = lim fix) => fc = lim / ( 2 + li)
x-»0
x-^2* ft->0
/
g x - 11
3 >
r 1 ^ -1
( g ^^- l ) sinx X Sinx
= lim • jt = lim (2 + h)^+e^-^^*’''>
••• ' ' ' x->0 xlog(l + x) X-+0 lo g (l+ x) X h-*0
< 1
[ X j
1 >
-1 -1
(3)(1) - lim {2+h)^+e^ 2 ,^ 2 - 2 - h
= lim (2 + h)^ +e ‘
=3
A->0 h-*0
70. (C)
f{x) is continuous at x = 0, if f (0) = lim /( x ) -1 = (4)-1 = —
((2 + 0)2 + g- « )-1 = ((2)2 + 0)-1 j
x-»0

( s '- i f
/-(O) = lim
' ' ' X-+0
sm xlog(^l+|j
Continuity M-II;229 Objective Mathematics PLPII
74. (B) 78. (D)
lim f{x) = lim f { n - h ) f{4:) = 4 + 2 = 6
h-¥0
lin\/(ar) .= lim(ar+2) = 4 + 2 = 6
y -»4 y ->4
= lim((7r-/i)^-sin(7i-ft) + 5 )
lim f{x) = lim(ar + 4) = 4 + 4 = 8
Y-^'^ y ->4
= - sin/1 + 5 ) = 7t^-0 + 5 = 7i^ + 5 f is discontinuous at ar = 4
lim /(:>£:) = lim f{n+h) As lim f{x) ^ lim f { x ) , then f has irremovable
y -> 4‘ y -> 4*
h-yO
discontinuity
= lim((7c + /z)^-sin(7t + /j) + 5 ) 79. (C)
h-*0^ \ /
lim /(ar) = lim (ar-l) = 2 - 1 = 1
= lim ((7t + + sin /i + 5 ) = + 0 + 5 = 7t^ + 5 y-»2 - y-»2

/■(7t) = 71^- sin 71 + 5 = 71^- 0 + 5 = +5 lim fix) = lim(2ar-3) = 2 ( 2 ) - 3 = 4 - 3 = l

y ->2 " .ir-»2
^ is continuous at ar = 71
f{2) = 2
75. (C)
f is discontinuous at ar = 2
/ k l = l ~' 12 -=142 ~
As lim fix) = lim /(ar), then f has removable
y-> 2 - x -*2 *

discontinuity at ar = 2, if f (2) = 1
lim f{x) = linj (a:) = 1 80. (D)
f il ) = l^ = l

i m f { x ) = lim (l-x ) = 1 - ^ = y
lim lini fix) = lim(ar^) = 1^ = 1
Y->1' Y->1
Y -> Y -> i ^

lim fix) = lim(a:+3) = 1 + 3 = 4

1
f (a:) is continuous at a: = f is discontinuous at ar = 1
76. (A) As lim fix) lim /(ar), then f has irremovable
Y -> r Y -> r

lim f{x) = lim(a:sina:) = -y sin fl-l = discontinuity

Y^f Y^f 2 1,2; 2
81. (D)
Domain oi fis (2,4)
lim/(a:) = linTi|^-|sin(7i + a£:)j = -|sin^-^j = - y Here 3 e (2,4)
f(3)= V 3 ^ = v r = i
71 1 71 . ( 7t 1 n
lim fix) = lim = VT = 1
/ 2 I- 2 ■ 2 y -» 3 y ->3

fis continuous at ar = 3
7l
fis discontinuous at a: = y f (ar) is continuous in (2, 4)
77. (A) 82. (A)
f (x) is continuous at ar = 0 In (0, 1], f (ar) is polynominal function and is
continuous at every point of the domain
f(0 )= lim /(ar) = lim f{x) ...(i) f (ar) is not same at ar = 0 and at all other points of
Y->0“ x-*0*
domain
lim /(ar) = lim f^i^ -Jl x ) ( i-(i-^ ) 1
Y->0 Y->0 x->0 [ar(l+Vl-ar
fiO )=J
J )J
lim fix) = lim (l-ar) = 1 - 0 = 1
1 -1 + a:
= 4 lim = 4 lim f- fix) is not continuous in [0, 1]
Y->0
( i+ V r :o )J "

lim /(ar) = limf +cosar 1=1 + cos 0 = 1 +1 = 2

Y -»0* Y->0V ^

From (i), we get

HO) = 2
Continuity M-II:230 Objective Mathematics PLPI1
83. (A) 88. (C)
Domain of fis R Domain of fis [0, 6]
In [0, 00), f (x) is polynomial function which is In [0, 2], f (x) = x^ - 4, in (2, 4], / (x) = 2x + 3 and in
continuous in its domain and f is continuous in (4, 6], f{x) = x^-5 which are polynomial functions
[0,oo) and are continuous on their respective domain
In (- 00, 0), f (x) is a rational function which is For X = 2
continuous On its dom ain except w here its f(2) = 2 2 - 4 = 4 - 4 = 0
denominator becomes zero, then x = 0
lim /(x) = Urn(x^ - 4 ) = 4 - 4 = 0
As X = 0 g (- 00, 0), then fis continuous in (- oo, 0) x->2-
For X = 0 lim fix) = lim(2x + 3) = 2(2) + 3 = 4 + 3 = 7
x-y2* x->2
/^(0) = 0 + l = l
f is discontinuous at x = 2
lim /(x) For X = 4
r->oV X) f(4) = 2(4) + 3 = 8 + 3 = l l
lim /(x) = lim(x + l) = 0 + 1 = 1 lim fix) = lim(2x + 3) = 2 (4) + 3 = 8 + 3 = 11
x->4 x->4
f is continuous at x = 0
lim fix) = l i m( x ^- 5 ) = 1 6 - 5 = l l
f is continuous on its domain x->i* x-> 4'
84. (B) f is continuous at x = 4
f(l) =2 f is continuous on [0, 6] except at x = 2
89. (B)
lim/(x) = lim(x) =1
i-» l' Domain of fis (- « , oo)
lim /(x) = lim(x + l) =1 + 1 = 2 For X S - 1, f (x) is constant function and is
x-»l continuous
f{x) is discontinuous at x = 1 For - 1 < X < 1, /"(x) is polynomial function and is
85. (B) continuous
Domain of fis [0, 5] For X > 1, f (x) is constant function and is
f (x) is a rational function which is continuous on continuous
its domain except where its denominator becomes For X = - 1
zero, then fi-l) =-2
x^ - 3x + 2 = 0 => (x -1)^ (x + 2) = 0 => X = 1, - 2 lim fix) = lim (-2 ) = - 2
As X = 1 e [0, 5] and x = - 2 g [0, 5], then f is x ^ -l" X-+-1

continuous on [0, 5] except at x = 1 lim fix) = lim (2x) = 2 (- 1) = - 2

x -» -r x-^ -i ' '
86 . (D)
Domain of fis [4, 6] fis continuous at x = - 1
f (x) is rational function which is continuous on For X = 1
its domain except where its denominator becomes f ( l) = 2 ( l ) = 2
zero, then lim fix) = lim(2x) = 2 (1 ) = 2
X->1 x-»l
( x - 2 ) ( x - 5 ) = 0=>x = 2, 5
Here x = 2 g [4, 6] and x = 5 g [4, 6], then f is lim/(x) = lim (2) =2
X->1* X->1
continuous in [4, 6] except at x = 5 fis continuous at x = 1
87. (B) fis continuous on its domain
Domain of fis R 90. (B)
For X > 0, f{x) = X and for x < 0, f{x) = x^ which are
lim fix) = lim(2x) = 0
polynomial functions and are continuous x->0" x->0
Now/'(0) = 0 lim fix) = lim(2x + l) = 0 + 1 = 1
x->0* x-»0
lim /(x) = lim(x^) = 0 fix) is discontinuous at x = 0
91. (C)
lim fix) = lim(x) = 0 f (x) is rational function which is continuous on
f is continuous at x = 0 its domain except where its denominator becomes
zero, then
f is continuous on R
x^ + X - 20 = 0 => (x + 5)(x - 4 ) = 0=>x = 4, - 5
f is continuous on R - {- 5, 4}
Continuity M-II;231 Objective Mathematics PLPII
92. (D) 96. (C)
Domain of [0, 6] f (x) is continuous at x = 3
In [0, 4), f (x) is rational function which is Iim/(x),= lim /(x) =f(3)
continuous on its dom ain except w here its .r->3 x->3
denominator becomes zero, then
^x ^ -9
x - 3 = p=:>x = 3 lim +a = lim(2x^ +3x + p ) = 5
x-v3 x - 3 x->3' ’
As X = 3 e [0, 4), then f is continuous on [0, 4)
except at X = 3 2(3) + a = 2(9) + 3 ( 3 ) + p = 5 = > 6 + a = 2 7 + P = 5
In [4, 6], f (x) is rational function w hich is 6 + a = 5 and 27 + p= 5=i>a = - l and P = - 22
continuous on its dom ain except w here its 97. (A)
denominator becomes zero, then f (x) is continuous at x = 2
x - 2 = 0=>x =2 lim /(x) = lim f(x) => lim(flx+b) = lim (5)
As X = 2 g [4, 6], then f is continuous on [4, 6] x-*2* x-*2--^ x^2 x^2
2a + b = 5 ... (i)
4 ^ -1 1 6-1 15
fi^) = 4 - 2 /"(x) is continuous at X = 10
2 2 ■

lim /(X) = lim /(X) lim(ax+b) = lim (21)

J™
( X2 ■■3x + 2 1 6 -1 2 + 2 “ ( x->10
lim / (x)-Iim = 6
x-*4 \
x -3 4 -3 10fl + h = 21 ...(ii)
From (i) and (ii), we get
V -1 ^ 1 6 -1 15
lim f'(x) = lim a = 2 and b = l
X-^4* x-*4 4 -2 ■ 2
98. (A)
f is discontinuous at x = 4
f(x) is continuous on [0, 8], then it is continuous,
fis continuous on [0, 6] except at x = 3, 4
at X = 2 and x = 4
93. (C)
For X = 2
f (x) is continuous at x = 1
lim fix) = lim /(x)
lim /(x ) = lim(k + x) _ lim(4x + 3) x^2*
,T-»r x-*i* *-> l x-»l

Jc + l = 4 ( l ) + 3=>A: + l = 4 + 3=>jt = 6 lim (x^+OX + 6 ) = lini(3x+2)

94. (O 4 + 2a + 6 = 6 + 2=>2a = —2:x>a = —1
f (x) is continuous at x = 0
For X = 4
lim /(x) = lim /(x) =f{0)
~ x-*0 lim f(x) = lim fix) => lim(3x + 2) = lim(2ax+5fe)
x-^4"-^ x^4*-^ x^4 X-+4'

limf2Vx^ +1 + kl = lim(x^ + l ) = 0 + 1 12 + 2 = 8a + 5 t => 8a + 5b = 14 => 8 (- 1) + 5b = 14

i S T l + k = 0 + l = l = > 2 ( l ) + fc = l= > 2 + Jt = l - 8 + 5b = 14 => 5b = 22 =i> b =

k =- l 99. (B)
95. (C) f (x) is continuous on [- 4, 2], then it is continuous
f (x) is continuous at x = 0 at X = - 2
lim /(x) = lim /(x) lim /(x) = lim /(x)
j..:->0
.n r->0
x-v2‘ x->2*

limf2>/x^ +1 + p1 = lim(x^+a) lim (6b-3ax) = lim (4x + l)

x -> -2 x -» -2
2V0 + I + P = 0 + a=>2 + p = a 6b - 3a (- 2) = 4 ( - 2) + 1 => 6b + 6a = - 8 + 1
p=a -2 7
6a + 6b = - 7 = > a + b= --z
Now / [ i ) - 2 ^ ( i j + a = 2 => j + a =2 100. (C)
f (x) is continuous at x = 3
a= 4 lim fix) = lim /(x) => lim (ax+1) = lim(bx + 3)
X—>3^ X—>3 X—>3 x-->3
From (i), we get
2
P= 7 - 2 = - 1 3a + l = 3b + 3=>3a —3b = 2=>a —b =
P 4 4
2_= 4 9 ^ J _ 50 25
+ P^
16 16 16 8
Continuity M-II:232 Objective Mathematics PLPIl
101. (D)
Domain of f is [- 2, 2] Jx^ ^ l6 + -Jx +4
f (x) is continuous on its domain, then it is = lim
continuous at jr = 0 and x = 1
x-»0 . 16+Vx-16
lim f{x) = lim f{x) => lim(x+a) = lim(x)
.v - > 0' .v ->0 ,v ->0
0 + a = 0 => fl = 0 = lim ^ | - ( V i ^ + 4 ) = (l) (4+ 4) = 8
x->0 y/xj
lim/(x) = lim/(x) => lim(x) = lim(fc-x)
T -»l' X -^ 1 * ^->1 V->1
From (i), we get
1 = b - l = > b = 2=>fl + b =.0 + 2 = 2
it = 8
102. (D)
105. (A)
f {x) is continuous at x = l
f ix) is continuous at x = 0
lim/(x) = lim/(x) =f {l)
x -»l x ^ l* liin/(x) = lim fix) =fi0)
.v^O -V->0*
lim(flx^- b) = lim(A: + l) = 2 = > f l - b = l + l = 2
lim(Ar+4-i.) .
a-b =2
a = l,b = - l = > a - b = l - ( - l ) = l + l = 2
0 + 4 - b = ^+ a = l = > 4 - b = - | + f l =1
103. (B)

f bx^ + 0X+A, iorx> -1 4 1

•g+fl = 1 and 4-f> = l=:>fl = -j and b = 3
2
\ax +b,ioTX<-l
106. (B)
fix) is continuous at ;c = 1
2bx + a, foTx> -1
••• f'{x) = lim fix) = lim fix) =/•(!)
2 aa:, f o r x < - l ,T-»r x->r
f (x) is continuous every where f ( l ) = 2u

lim f(x) = lim f(x) 1 + COS7CX . ,

X-^-l* X-*-} = lim +p = 2n
X-1 J /,->0 nil-x)^
lim ibx^ + ax+ 4 ) = lirn iax'^+b)
x-^-V ’ Put x - l = h=>x = l + h
b (-1)^ + a {-1) + 4 = a {-1)^ + b => b - a +A = a + b A s a :-+ l= > / i-> 0

4 = 2fl => fl = 2
sin(jt + Jtli) ^ l + COS(rt + 7lli) ^
f '{x) is continuous everywhere lim + a = lim = 2jt
ft^o A->0 ni-h)^
lim f'(x) = lim f'{x)
-simdt l - C O S Ttlt
lim f^ + fl 1 = lim +1’ = 271
lim (2bx + a) = lim (2flx) h-M)\ n h-*0 V nh^ 0 -
2 b ( - l ) + a = 2 a ( - l ) = > - 2 b + a = - 2 a = > - 2 b = -3a ■j 2 _
- 7 t + f l = -------ST + i» = 2 7 t = > - 7 I + fl = ^ + b = 27t
2b = 3a=>2b = 3(2)z^b = 3 7C Z Z
104. (D) 7C 3k
f (x) is continuous at x = 0 - 71 + fl = 2ti and -^+b = 2ii =><1 = 371 and b=
f(0)= lim fix) = lim fix)
fi0) = k

lim fix) = lim I - —E2^i£^ = 4^ = g

r-»0' x-*0\
" •" X2 ) 2

f \
lim fix) = lim
x-»0* .r^O ■\ll6+ -Jx - 4
Continuity M-II:233 Objective Mathematics PLPfl
107. (D)
sin(fl + l)A: sinA:'\
= lim X ^J=fl+l+l=fl+2
x->0
sin 2x, if x< — 2cos2x, i f x < ^
o o
fix) ■f'{x) =
ax+b, i f x > ~ a, i f x> — ^^x + bx^ --Jx^
o lim fix) - lim
x-»0* x-^O bx-Jx
V y
' f (x) is continuous at x =
6 1
x + bx^-x ____________
= lim
lim f{x) = lim f(x) => lim(sin2x) = lim(flx+fc) ,v->0 , bx^fx Vx+fc^+Vx;
bx^
= lim = lim[-
x-»0 bx^{jl + bx+l) x-*o\-Jl + bx +1

1 1
6 2 •(i) Vl + 0+ 1 2
From (i), we get
f'(x) is continuous at x=
6 n 1 3 1
fl + 2 = -^= c => a = - ■ 2 , c = y
lim f'{x) = lim f'(x) => lim (2cos2;c) = lim (a)
v^.| 3 1
'6 a= - 2 /c = -J 3nd b = R - {0}

2cos[ Z l - j l = fl=>a = l 110. (D)

f is continuous on its domain [- 2, 2], then it is
From (i), we get continuous at a: = 0 and x = 1
For AC= 0
1»=
2 6 lim fix) = lim fix)
x -> 0 * x -> 0
108. (C)
f (;c) is continuous at x = 0 ... = lim(3A: + 5)
x-*0\ X j X -+ 0
fix) = /"(O) = lim fix) ...(i)
Jt-»0 x-*0* a + 2 = 0 + 5 ^ a + 2 = 5=>a = 3
fiO) = c For AC= 1
f sin(fl + l)x+ sin x lim fix) = lim fix)
lim fix) = lun — ^----- ----------- x-»l x -> r
x-^0\ X

= lim
x-»0
sin(fl + l)x ^sinar'l
a: a: J
=«+l+l=fl+2
limfVx^ +8 - b l = lim (3x+5)
x->l V J
^/T+8-b = 3 ( l ) + 5 = > 3 - b = 8=>b = - 5
fl+t=3_5=_2
lim fix)= lim
■\Jx+bx^ - 4 x rviTbr-i'
,r->0* -v->0 wr J rs
x->0
1 ^ J
VT+0-1 1-1 0
b " b ~ b
From (i), we get

a + 2 = c= ^ =>fl = - 2 , b^O, c = 0
109. (D)
fix) is continuous at jc = 0
,..(i)
fi0) = c
sin(fl+l)x+sinA:^
lim fix) = lim
x->0' .t^O , ^ J
Continuity M-II:234 Objective Mathematics PL? 11
111. (C) 113. (A)
f(x) is continuous on [- n, n], then it is continuous
f (x) is continuous at x = -^
atx= and x = ^
lim fix) = lim fix) =>
n x^f
For x = -
.•. lim(flx + l) •
= lim(sinx+i>)
lim f{x) = lim f{x) x^f
x ^ -f x - .-f

^ + 1 = Sin|
lim (-2sin;c) = lim (asinx + P)
— I 114. (B)
f ( 0) = l
-2 sin ^ --^ j = a s in ^ --jj+ P = > - 2 ( - l) = a ( - l ) + P
lim /(x)= lim/(0 -ii) = lim /(-ij)
x-yO--^ h-*0 A->0-'
- a + P=2 ...(i)
I' =1
Forx = el' - 1 ’-1
lim f(x)= lim =- l
x-yO--' ’ h-yO
e'' +1
lim f(x) = lim /(x)
- I lim /(x) = lim f{0 + h) = lim f{h)
lim (asinx + P) = lim (cos x)
f ^ ^ f
el' - 1 = lim l-ei< 1 -e '
lim fix) = lim ■ =1
It-yO 1 + e'
a sin ^ y j + p = cos^-jj =>a(l) + p = 0
x^O*-^ /i->0
,e^+l. U+e'' J
a +P=0 ...(ii) .•. f is discontinuous at x = 0
From (i) and (ii), we get 115. (D)
a = - 1 and P = 1 fix) is continuous at x = 0, then fiO) = lim /(x)
x -» 0
112. (A)
fi0) = k
f{x) is continuous in ( - oo, 6), then it is continuous
at X = 1 and x = 3 lim fix) = lim/(0 -ii) = lim /(-ii)
X->0--^
For X = 1
1
lim fix) = lim ------- 5-
lim /(x) = lim /(x)
x->r
— X- > 1 *
1+e' 1+ 0 = 1

lim fix) = lim/(0 +ii) = lim/(/z)

x->o+'^ h->o

As lim fix) lim /(x), then value of k does not

x -» 0 “ x-»0^
1 + s in fy j = fl(l) + fc=:> l + l = fl + b
exist
a+b=2 ...(i)
For X = 3
lim /(x) = lim/(x)
x->3' x-^3"'

lim(flx+b) = limf 6ta n f-^

v-^3' ' x->3\^

fl (3)_+ b = 6tan ^ -^ j => 3a + i_ - 6 tan

3a + b = 6
© ...(ii)
From (i) and (ii), we get
a = 2 and b = Q