Experiment No.2 ESTIMATION OF DET aie NCL USING NaxCOs AS PRIMARY MINATION OF ALKALINITY IN WATE andard AIM given water gample usin To determine : 0 determine the type and amount of atkalnity present in tHe hydrochloric acid solution. APPARATUS REQUIRED i) Burette ii) 20m1 pipette iii) 250 ml conical ask (CHEMICALS REQUIRED Given water sample ‘Standard NaxCO3(0.1N) HCI Phenolphthalein Methyl orange PRINCIPLE ‘Alkalinity of water is due t ) of alkali and alkaline earth ample water can be determined by titrating the sample 1 the presence of dissolved hydroxides (OH), carbonates (CO3*) and bicarbonates (HCOs metals. The type and amount of different alkalinities present in the given S water against a strong acid of known strength using phenolphthalein and methyl orange 2S indicators. When a strong acid is added to the alkaline sample water, the following reactions may occur One i 120 iCoP + HY —» — HCOy } PPM 25" guanarel vet spurt" ad ware Calculation Volume of std. NazCOs Strength of std, NagCOz Volume of HCI consumed Strength of HCI jyatton of WO véHE laps) V;=20 ml N=0.1N V= sesseosee SA (Hits webese) MeNiVi/N2 N1,0 + CO? + fl ans, — inatein and Methyl OFANZe alkaliniy + oT pnenolph Ie petermination of Ph reef cays sample ler standard HCL vss et e af ae value t Volume of sample water (ml) Volume 0! Pe i> a CALCULATION 1. Determination of Phenolphthalein alkalinity ml (titre value) N_ (from titration-1) Volume of std. HCl consumed for P endpoint, Vi = ......... Strength of std. HCl, Volume of sample water, Strength of sample water, : ae ‘henolphthalein alkalinity (P) = Ny x 50(eq.wt of CaCOs) x 1000 Ppmgssible Teh jy carbon ‘ oe GOT gnate, Hydroxide and bicarbonate cannot coexist toper 3 picarbon? Fs ‘ and saan" ge val respectively qitrevalaes PROCEDURE Titration: Determination of Phenolphthalein alkalinity (P) i) ii) iii) iv) ty ca . i ol a i aN be ns of phenolphthalein and methyl orange end points Which are b thd bing denoy From ang combinations of alkalinity causing ions in water gy, combing iy . . AS fe xe only oF (i) biearbonate only oF (v) hydroxide any ‘ollow, ) And ) ‘bona “Yoni or, Heat Diag si ater, T + be Cathy isly to form carbonate rons and water. The type Of alkatin; CAG the bonate y alin for different alkalinities Hydroxide On) Fill the burette with std. HCI solution upto the zero mark without any air bubbles. i * . « and add 2 drops Pipette out 20 ml of sample alkaline water into a clean conical flask and a of phenolphthalein indicator (pink colour appears). 1c colour jus i in te the conical flask solution against the std. HCI till the p' disappears, Note the volume of HCI consumed and calculate P value. 27 ee= or Methyl orange alkalinity M endpoint, V3 = ee Alue) 2 petermination med for Volume of std. HCl consun sirength of std. HCL Ns Volume of sample water, V4 =20ml »N (from ti Strength of sample water, Nee Na V. ratio, r 4 | hres N Methyl orange alkalinity ry (M) = Na x 50(e q.wt of CaCOs) * 10 00 ppm 4) Defer mi hy nahon of pero! pin alew alleatini ty =o Ko- aoomen Umeha xia 2710 ©. a 20 o | 0 few T HT peters Nahon of ene Ye ran ge alkalty} nity =2 7% Os v a 100% => 50g Fem=— range ankatinity ore ange indica ai ow rors of methyl orange indicator (yellow colour apes aud jnue » titrati + ‘ars add 2¢ ution and continue the titration till the yellow coy, 8) to ite 0 ee Olour tummy PvE ; : or pink : ae sof HCl consumed and calculate M value. ‘ange . o yote th mr ay concordant values are obtained. i ion ne titra Repeat : if fanions present in the sample and the ort the Pe een «9 8? ee The experiment is carried out for 2 samples ote pestlT gre give? samples of water are found to contain the following alkalinitie, : Si sample 1 3) Hydroxide alkalinity. U4. ppm i Carbonate alkalinity 5 50.5...ppm si) Bicarbonate alkalinity ...P ses ppm. ix) Total alkalinity .622.2. ppmExperiment 2: Estimation of alkalinity of water sample Titration 1:Standardisation of HCl ree f Titration 2-Estimation © alkalinity of water sample Burette HCl Standard HCl Pipette 20ml of Std.Na2CO3 20ml of alkaline water sample \ Indicator 1 2 drops methyl orange 2 drops phenolpthalein | End point 1 Light yellow to orange red Pink to colourless | Indicator 2 2 drops methyl orange | End point 2 Light yellow to orange red |