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HIS2 Lesson 13

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5 views9 pages

HIS2 Lesson 13

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jadejetroemprese
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Lesson 13

CLINICAL DATA REPOSITORIES


CLINICAL DATA REPOSITORIES
A The CDR integrates physician-entered data with data from different existing information systems
including laboratory, radiology, admission, and pharmacy, among others. It is a location where both clinical
data and other data of interest, such as external data sources and financial data, are assimilated (Carter,
2001).
Common kinds of available information in the CDR are listed below: Patient Demographics, Patient’s
Primary Care Provider, Medication List, Allergies, Hospital Inpatient Visits, Emergency Department Encounters,
Outpatient Practice Visits, Immunizations, Diagnoses, Procedures, Lab Results, Social History, and Vitals.
STANDALONE XML-BASED INTERFACE TO INTEGRATE WITH ANY HIS

Bergeron (2013) describes a clinical data repository as a structured and systematically gathered
“storehouse” of patient-specific data, which is usually mirrored from a clinical application, or supplemented
with data from other clinical systems. Since it is maintained as a separate database created particularly in
aiding decision analysis, the main application avoids computational loading, and response time to a query is
improved.
Clinical data repositories have different levels of integration, usually dependent on locations, indices,
catalogues, semantic translations or equivalences, syntactic structures, and links to external information. The
level of integration of a CDR influences its functionality by setting constraints on how easily someone can
make queries for any of its contents.
Table 13.1. Types of clinical data repositories

Repository Type Definition

Study A database that collects observations for a specific clinical research study

Electronic Health A database of observations made as a result of direct health care


Record
Observations collected and organized for the purpose of studying or guiding particular
Registry outcomes on a defined population (Associated studies are either multiple or long-term and
evolving over time)
A repository that adds levels of integration and quality to the primary (research or clinical)
Warehouse data of a single institution, to support flexible queries for multiple uses (Is broader in
application than a registry)
A library of heterogeneous data sets from more organizations than a warehouse or more
Collection sources than a registry—Organized to help users find a particular data set, but not to query
for data combined across data sets

A repository distributed across multiple locations, where each location retains control over
Federation access to its own data, and is responsible for making the data comparable with the data of
other locations
Multiple Views for Patient Medical Record

The structure of clinical data repositories allows data to be extracted along dimensions such as time (by
year, month, week, or day), location, or diagnosis among many others. This data can often be accessed in
smaller units within the same dimension.

CDRs offer a cross-continuum view of information, since they allow information to be gathered and
viewed from sources other than an acute setting. This type of ambulatory-focused information combines with
the acute information to give clinicians a new level of insight into the wellness of their patients.
GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF LAB RES ULTS AND VITALS

Data visualization, the art of representing data in a pictorial or graphical format

Visualization is increasingly becoming an important tool in decision-making. The graphical representation


feature of most clinical data repositories enable scenario analysis, which helps users use different kinds of
filters in order to change the level of information that may be seen.
Figure 13.1 Sample Blood Sugar Level Chart
KEY POINTS TO REMEMBER
� The CDR integrates physician-entered data with data from different existing information systems including
laboratory, radiology, admission, and pharmacy among others.
� A clinical data repository as a structured and systematically gathered “storehouse” of patient-specific data,
which is usually mirrored from a clinical application, or supplemented with data from other clinical systems.
� Repository types include: Study, Electronic Health Record, Registry, Warehouse, Collection, and Federation.
� CDRs offer a cross-continuum view of information, since they allow information to be gathered and viewed
from sources other than an acute setting.
� Data visualization helps in simplifying a wide array of information, and it allows decision-makers to derive
analytical results from information presented visually.
REFERENCES
Ball, M., & Douglas, J. (2012). Performance Improvement Through Information Management: Healthcare’s
Bridge to Success. Springer Science & Business Media.
Bergeron, B. (2013). Developing a Data Warehouse for the Healthcare Enterprise: Lessons from the Trenches.
Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society.
Bronzino, J., & Peterson, D. (2014). Biomedical signals, imaging, and informatics. CRC Press.
Carter, J. (2001). Electronic Medical Records: A Guide for Clinicians and Administrators. ACP Press.
Gensinger, R. (2014). Analytics in Healthcare: An Introduction. Healthcare Information and Management
Systems Society.
Mehta, A. (2002). The Internet for Radiology Practice. Springer Science & Business Media.
Rains, C., &McCuistion, M. (2018). How an EDW Enables the Best Healthcare Visualizations. Retrieved April 26,
2018, from https://www.healthcatalyst.com/Healthcare-BI-Tools-3- Visualizations
Robertson, D., & Williams, G. (2016). Clinical and Translational Science: Principles of Human Research. Elsevier
Inc.
Wade, T. D. (2014). Traits and Types of Health Data Repositories. Health Information Science and Systems, 2, 4.
http://doi.org/10.1186/2047-2501-2-4
Wager, K., Lee, W., & Glaser, P. (2013). Healthcare Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Healthcare
Management. John Wiley & Sons.

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