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Philip Joyce

C and Python Applications

Embedding Python Code in C Programs,
SQL Methods, and Python Sockets
1st ed.
Philip Joyce
Crewe, UK

ISBN 978-1-4842-7773-7 e-ISBN 978-1-4842-7774-4

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-7774-4

© Philip Joyce 2022

Apress Standard

The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks,

service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the
absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the
relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general
use.

The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the
advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate
at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the
editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the
material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have
been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional
claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

This Apress imprint is published by the registered company APress

Media, LLC part of Springer Nature.
The registered company address is: 1 New York Plaza, New York, NY
10004, U.S.A.
Introduction
The C and Python programming languages are important languages in
many computer applications. This book will demonstrate how to use
the C and Python languages to write applications in SQL. It will
demonstrate how to embed a Python program within a C program.
Finally, the reader will learn how to create Python socket programs
which can communicate with each other on different computers (these
are called “sockets”).
A basic familiarity with mathematics is assumed along with some
experience of the basics of computer programs. The first two chapters
review the basics of C and Python. The chapters following these are
grouped into SQL techniques, embedded Python, and sockets
applications. There are exercises in each chapter with answers and
suggested code at the end of the book.
Any source code or other supplementary material referenced by the
author in this book is available to readers on GitHub via the book’s
product page, located at www.apress.com/9781484277737. For more
detailed information, please visit http://www.apress.com/source-code.
Acknowledgments
Thanks to my wife, Anne, for her support, my son Michael, and my
daughter Katharine. All three have mathematics degrees. Thanks to
everyone on the Apress team who helped me with the publication of
this, my third book.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1:​Python Programming
Definition of Variables
Real (Float) Numbers
Characters
Reading in Data
Arrays
Inserting into an Array
Deleting (Removing) from an Array
Searching
Updating an Array
Appending to an Array
Strings
Lists
Reading Entries in a List
Updating a List
Deleting an Element from List
Appending to a List
Dictionaries
Creating a Dictionary
Appending to a Dictionary
Amending a Dictionary
Deleting from a Dictionary
Searching Through a Dictionary
Tuples
 Creating a Tuple
Concatenating Two Tuples
Creating Nested Tuples
Creating Repeated Tuples
Converting a List or a String into a Tuple
Creating Single-Element Tuple
Reading Tuple
Searching Within a Tuple
Deleting a Tuple
Using Tuple to Create Variables
If Then Else
Loops (For and While)
For Loops
While Loops
Switches
Arithmetic Operations Using Numpy
Numpy Calculations
Mathematical Graph Functions
User-Written Functions
File Access
Regressions
Summary
Exercises
Chapter 2:​C Programming
C Program Format
Adding Two Numbers
 Multiply and Divide Two Numbers
For Loops
Do While Loops
Switch Instruction
If Else
If Else If
Data Arrays
Functions
Strings
Structures
Size of Variables
Goto Command
Common Mathematical and Logical Symbols
File Access
Student Records File
Summary
Exercises
Chapter 3:​SQL in C
Review of SQL and SQLite
Creating the Database
Creating a Table
Inserting Rows
Insert a Preset Row
Inserting a User-Entered Row
Selecting Rows
Selecting a Row Preset
 Selecting All Rows
Selecting Rows by Age
Amending Rows
Deleting Rows
Summary
Exercises
Chapter 4:​SQL in Python
Review of SQL
Create a Table
Mechanism for Inserting a Row
Update a Row
Delete a Row
Read a Table
Summary
Exercises
Chapter 5:​Embedded Python
Basic Mechanism
Plot a 2D Line
Plot Two 2D Lines
Plot Trigonometric Curves
Enter Data to Plot
2D Center of Mass Plot
Histograms
Importing a Picture
Summary
Exercise
Chapter 6:​Sockets
A Closer Look at Sockets
Basic Client-Server
Server-Client Pair to Send-Receive a File
Threaded Programs
Closing Down a Threaded Server
Chat Programs
Summary
Exercise
Appendix A:​Answers to Examples
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Index
About the Author
Philip Joyce
has 28 years of experience as a software engineer, working on control
of steel production, control of oil refineries, communications software
(pre-Internet), office products (server software), and computer control
of airports. He programs in Assembler, COBOL, Coral 66, C, and C++
with SQL. He served as a mentor to new graduates in the Ferranti
Company. He obtained an MSc in computational physics (including
augmented matrix techniques and Monte Carlo techniques using
Fortran) from Salford University in 1996. He is also a chartered
physicist and a member of the Institute of Physics (member of the
Higher Education Group).
About the Technical Reviewer
Swathi Sutrave
is a self-professed tech geek. She has
been a subject matter expert for several
different programming languages,
including Python, C, and SQL, for
corporations, startups, and universities.
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to APress Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2022
P. Joyce, C and Python Applications
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-7774-4_1

1. Python Programming
Philip Joyce1
(1) Crewe, UK

This is the first of two chapters in which you’ll review both Python and C programming
languages. A basic understanding of computing and what programs are about is assumed
although no prior knowledge of either Python or C is needed.
In this chapter, we will start with the basics of Python. This will include how items used
in a program are stored in the computer, basic arithmetic formats, handling strings of
characters, reading in data that the user can enter on the command line, etc. Then we will
work up to file access on the computer, which will lead us up to industrial/commercial-level
computing by the end of the book.
If you don’t already have a Python development environment on your computer, you can
download it and the Development Kit, free of charge, from
www.python.org/downloads/. Another way you can access Python is by using Visual
Studio. Again, a version of this can be downloaded.

Definition of Variables
This section looks at the different types of store areas that are used in Python. We refer to
these store areas as “variables.” The different types can be numbers (integers or decimals),
characters, and different types of groups of these (strings, arrays, dictionaries, lists, or
tuples).
In these examples, you can go to the command line and enter “Python” which starts up
the Python environment and produces “>>>” as the prompt for you to enter Python code.
In Python, unlike C, you don’t define the variable as a specific type. The different types
are integer, floating point, character, string, etc. The type is assigned when you give the
variable a value. So try the following code:

>>> a1 = 51
>>> print(type(a1))
We get the output
<class 'int'>
>>>

Here we are defining a variable called “a1” and we are assigning the integer value 51 to
it.
 We then call the function “print” with the parameter “type” and “a1” and we get the reply
“class ‘int’”. “type” means that we want to display whether the variable is an integer, floating
point, character, string, etc.
We can now exit the Python environment by typing “quit()”.
We will now perform the same function from a program.
Create a file called “typ1a.py”.
Then enter the following two lines of Python code:

a1=51
print(type(a1))

Now on the command line, enter “python typ1a.py”.

And you should get the output

<class 'int'>

which is the same as our first example.

This is just demonstrating the equivalence of the two methods.
Obviously, if you want to run a program with many lines of code and possibly run it many
times, then having the code in a file is more efficient.
We can demonstrate different data types being stored in the same variable using the
following code:

a1=51
print(type(a1))

a1=51.6
print(type(a1))

a1='51'
print(type(a1))

When we run this, we get

<class 'int'>
<class 'float'>
<class 'str'>

The 51 entered is an int. The 51.6 is a float (decimal) type, and ‘51’ is a string.
We can make the results a little clearer if we use print(“a1 is”, type(a1)).
So our program now reads

a1=51
print("a1 is",type(a1))

a1=51.6
print("a1 is",type(a1))

a1='51'
Discovering Diverse Content Through
Random Scribd Documents
Juxon, William, 119

Keble, rev. John, 197, 206;

his ‘Christian Year’ appears in 1827, 207
Keble College, foundation of, 197
Kemp, John, 58
King, Dr. William, Principal of St. Mary Hall, his Jacobite appeal in
the Theatre, in 1754, 171

Lanfranc, 4
Langton, Stephen, 8
Latimer, Bp., 84
Laud, archbp., rise and influence of, 104-106;
his creed and policy adopted by the Court and the University,
106;
elected Chancellor in April, 1630, 109;
his chancellorship, 109-111;
his reforms of University and College discipline, 110;
his services to the University, 115, 116;
last five years of his Chancellorship, 116-119;
resigns the Chancellorship, June 26, 1641, 117;
his administration of the University attacked on his
impeachment, 118
‘Laudian’ or ‘Caroline’ Statutes, compilation of, 111-113;
superseded, in many essential particulars, by the University
Reform Act of 1854, 112;
main provisions of, 113;
their oligarchical tendency, 113;
studies and examinations under, 114, 115;
question about the perpetuity of, 183
Lectures and examinations, final organisation of, in the 15th cent.,
61
Leicester, Robert Dudley, earl of, becomes chancellor of the
University in 1564, 88;
his administration, 89-93
Library, the earliest possessed by the University, 29;
see also Bodleian Library and Humphry, duke
Linacre, Thomas, 71;
his posthumous foundation of two Readerships in Physiology at
Merton college, 72
Lincoln college, 58
Literæ Humaniores School established in the present century, 193
Local examinations established in 1857, 199
Locke, John, his expulsion from the University, 159;
urges the King to reform the Universities, 162
Lodging-houses, 25
Lollardism, in 1411, 37
Lombard, Peter, his ‘Sentences,’ 7
London Committee, appointed to receive reports from the
Parliamentary Visitors, 140;
dissolved in April 1652, 145
Lowth, bp., his description of his academical life, 179

Macclesfield, lord, lord chancellor, his plan for controlling the

University through government patronage, 169
Magdalen bridge, 188
Magdalen College, 159-161
Magdalen Hall, see Hertford college
Malmesbury, Lord, 176
Manners, University life and, before Colleges were planted, 20-22
Marsh (de Marisco), Adam, friend of Grostete, 52
Martyr, Peter, lectures of, 81;
his wife, 86
Mary, accession of, in 1553, ushered in a short-lived reaction, 83
Mason, sir John, elected chancellor in 1552, 88
Massey, John, 160
Meadowcourt, Richard, fellow of Merton, his Whig partisanship
and degradation, 168
Mendicant Orders, 49, 50
Merton college, see under Oxford
Methodist Revival, the, 178
‘Moderations’ established by statute, of 1850, 193
Monasteries, the, dissolution of, contributing to depopulate the
University, 80
Monastic Orders, 35
Monks and Friars at Oxford, 48, seqq.;
Augustinian canons at St. Frideswide’s, 48;
Augustinian Friars, settle in Oxford in 1251 or 1252, 49;
acquire almost a monopoly of grammar-teaching, 53;
Benedictines, 7, 49;
Benedictine monks of St. Frideswide, 48;
Carmelites, the, settle in Oxford in 1254, 50;
Dominicans, the, first appear in Oxford in 1221, 49;
Franciscans, the, settle in Oxford about 1224, 49;
owe much to the aid and patronage of Robert Grostete, 51;
Friars, protected by the Pope, 54;
position of at Oxford, and University statutes against them, 52-
54
Mendicant Orders, rise of, 49, 50
Monmouth, Duke of, 159
More, Sir Thomas, 71
Music, cultivated at Oxford after the Restoration, 155

‘Negative Oath,’ 143

New College, 32, 33
New Inn Hall, 129
Newdigate, sir Roger, 173
Newman, John Henry, his early life and intellectual development,
206, 207;
his career and connection with the Oxford movement, 207-12;
is received into the Church of Rome, Oct. 8, 1845, 212
Non-Jurors, 163
Non-Regents, 66
Northampton, early secessions of students to, 38
Northern and Southern nations, encounters between them, 29,
37;
proctors of the University chosen from in 1343, 41
Nowell, Dr. Thomas, 173

Oath, Negative, 143

Occham, William of, 35;
challenges the supremacy of the Pope, 34
Orange, Prince of, his reception by the University (1734), 170
Oriel college, 31, 205
Ormond, duke of, his impeachment and resignation, 167
Oseney Abbey, 6, 50, 59, 78;
riot at in 1238, 14
Oxford City, a resort of students and a place of education before
the Norman Conquest, 2;
number of its monastic establishments, 2;
early schools of, 2, 3;
 Henry I. lived much at, 5;
councils held by Stephen at, 6;
young scholars of, lodge in religious houses, 6;
murder of three students by townspeople in 1209, 9, 10;
penalties imposed by the Papal Legate, 10;
the Mayor’s oath imposed in 1248, 15;
pestilence in, 29, 37, 98;
riots in 1297 and 1354, 43-5;
agreement with Univ., 1298, 43;
further riots, 120;
interdict laid upon, 46;
penance done by the citizens of, 46, 47;
the Sheriff’s oath (1581), 99;
Parliament at, 107-109;
contribution for the King’s service, and first occupation by
Parliamentary troops, 126-128;
Charles I. marches into (1642), 128;
queen Henrietta Maria’s reception and residence at (1643), 130;
becomes Royal head-quarters during the Civil War, 129;
measures taken for its defence, 129;
ravaged by a great fire (1644), 133, 134;
Parliament summoned at (1644), 133;
first siege of (May, 1645), 134;
the siege hastily abandoned (June 5), 134;
second siege, and proposals of Fairfax guaranteeing University
privileges (1646), 135, 136;
surrender of (1646), 136;
Charles II.’s visit to (1665), 156;
and his visit (1681), 157;
Parliament assembled and dissolved at (1681), 157;
relieved from the penance on St. Scholastica’s day in 1825, and
from the ‘Mayor’s Oath’ in 1859, 190, 191
Oxford, Beaumont palace at, 5;
the birthplace of Richard I., 5;
Castle, the, embracing the Collegiate Church of St. George, 2;
 Jewry, the, violent attack on, 15;
St. George within the Castle, Collegiate Church of, 2, 6;
St. Mary’s Church, 50, 60, 153;
School Street, 3, 59, 60
Oxford University, mythical origin of, 1, 2;
its alleged foundation by Alfred the Great, 1;
silence of Domesday book respecting, 2;
the Church its foster-mother, 3;
lectures of Vacarius about 1149, 5;
earlier lectures of Robert Pullen, 6;
Giraldus Cambrensis publicly reads at, in 1186 or 1187, 6;
not fully constituted in 1214, 11;
progress during reign of Henry III., 8, 9, 51;
fully constituted by the middle of the 13th cent., 12;
the early sources of its revenue, 12, 13;
early University charters, 14;
statutes in 1292, 17;
University life and manners before Colleges were planted, 20-
22;
progress of, in the 14th cent., 27 seqq.;
its intellectual vigour, 29-31;
its European influence, 33, 34;
conflicts between the University and the City, 43-46;
receives a new charter of privileges from Edward III., 47;
position of the Friars at, and University statutes against them,
52;
statutes restraining encroachments of the Friars, 53, 54;
decline in numbers and studies in the 15th cent., 55, 56;
its causes, 56;
revival of academical life at end of 15th cent., 68;
checked by the Reformation, 69;
its action on the questions of the Divorce and the Royal
supremacy (temp. Hen. VIII.), 75, 76, 77;
visitation of, in 1535, 77;
first effects of the Reformation injurious to, 79;
incorporation of, in 1571, 89;
Leicester’s administration of, 91-94;
depression of intellectual life in, 94;
increasing refinement of academical life, 96, 97;
the stronghold of Anglicanism, 99;
patronised by James I., 100-102;
declares its adhesion to the doctrine of Passive Obedience in
1622, 105;
number of students under Laud’s chancellorship, 116;
eminent members of, in the generation preceding the Civil Wars,
119;
University life in the generation preceding the Civil Wars, 120-
122;
conduct during Civil Wars, 122-135;
conduct during Parliamentary Visitation, 141-9;
reception of Fairfax and Cromwell by (1649), 144;
state of, on the recovery of its independence, 149;
the Restoration and new Visitation of (1660), 151;
enjoys comparative repose under Charles II., 153;
extension of the University buildings, 153, 154;
decree of, adopting doctrine of Passive Resistance, 158;
publicly burned, 165;
conduct of, on the outbreak of Monmouth’s rebellion, 159;
its attitude towards the Revolution (1688-9), 162;
University politics between the Revolution and the accession of
George III., 162-74;
becomes a hotbed of Jacobite disaffection, 163;
a troop of horse sent to overawe it, 167;
government scheme for reforming it, 168-9;
accords an enthusiastic reception to the Prince of Orange, 1734,
170;
address from, on the peace of Aix-la-Chapelle, rejected, 171;
George III.’s visits to, 172-174;
petitions (1799) against the Dissenters’ Toleration Bill, 173;
decay of University education in the 18th cent., 174-177;
statutes affecting the, 184;
 visited in 1814 by the Allied Sovereigns, 190;
petitions against various reforms, 189;
Royal commission issued 1850, 194, 195;
University Reform Act of 1854, 112;
its main provisions, 196, 197;
College Ordinances framed under, 196, 197;
their beneficial effects, 197, 198;
University Reform Act of 1876, its object and main provisions,
200, 201;
state of on queen Victoria’s accession, 218-220;
influence of recent changes in, 220, 221;
its present character (1886), 222;
Chancellor, office of, 11, 12-42, 47;
Vice-Chancellor’s office, 26, 91-113;
Proctors, their office and authority, 26, 40-1, 91;
Proctorial cycle instituted, 109;
‘Congregation, Black,’ 66;
‘Congregation, Great,’ 67;
Convocation, University, 67;
Bodleian Library, 59-61;
Botanic Gardens, 116;
Clarendon building, 186;
Convocation House, 116;
Divinity School, the, 60;
Library, the earliest possessed by the University, 29. See
Humphry, Duke;
Radcliffe Library, Infirmary, and Observatory, 187;
Schools, the Old, 59;
Schools, the New, completion of, 106;
Sheldonian Theatre, erection of, 153;
Taylor Institution, 187;
University Press, 187
Oxford Colleges and Halls—All Souls College, 58-9, 147;
Balliol College, 15, 17;
Brasenose College, statutes of, 74;
 Canterbury College, 32;
‘Cardinal College.’ See Christ Church;
Christ Church, 75-8;
Charles I. lodged at (1642), 128;
Corpus Christi College, its foundation by bp. Fox, 72, 73;
Exeter College, foundation of, 31;
Gloucester Hall, occupied by Benedictines, 49, 50;
Hert Hall, 33;
Hertford College, statutes of, framed in 1747, 182;
Magdalen Hall, refounded under the name of, 197;
Lincoln College, founded, 58;
Magdalen College, foundation of, 59;
James II.’s treatment of, 159;
Magdalen Hall. See Hertford College;
Merton College, 15, 18-20, 156, 181-2;
the model of all other collegiate foundations, 18;
New College, foundation of by William of Wykeham (1379),
marks a new departure in collegiate history, 32, 33;
New Inn Hall, mint established at, 129;
Oriel College, foundation of, 31;
the centre of the ‘Oxford Movement,’ 205;
Pembroke College, foundation of, 106;
Queen’s College, foundation of, 31;
St. John’s College, foundation of, 86;
St. Mary’s College, 71;
Trinity College, foundation of, 86;
University College, 15, 16;
myth attributing its foundation to Alfred, 2;
Wadham College, foundation of, 106.
See also under Colleges
‘Oxford Movement,’ the, 204-17
Oxford, the see of, 78

Paris, University of, its origin and constitution, 7, 8;

a model of academical organisation for Oxford, 8;
 decline of the, in the 14th cent., 33;
discredited by subservience to Pope John XXII., 33, 34;
migration of students from, 51;
curriculum and examinations of, in the Middle Ages, 62, 63
Parker, Archbp., policy of, 87, 88
Parliament, at Oxford, 108-9;
passes an ordinance, on May 1, 1647, for the visitation of the
University and Colleges, 140
Parr, Dr., his list of Oxford graduates in the 18th cent., 179
Passive Resistance, 158
Peel, sir Robert, his election in 1817 and defeat in 1829, 189
Pembroke, Philip, earl of, chancellor of the University, superseded
by the Marquis of Hertford, 132, 133, 139, 143
Pembroke college, 106
Peter the Lombard, 4
Petty, William, 154
Pitt, William, denounces Oxford Jacobitism, 171
Plate, College, 128;
loan of desired, 132
Pole, Card., visitation and reforms of, 85
Pope, the, defends the Friars, 54
Portland, Duke of, his installation, in 1793, 184
Prideaux, Humphrey, dean, 175
Proctors, and Proctorial authority, 26, 40, 41, 91, 109
Professorships, five Regius, founded and endowed by Henry VIII.,
78
Prynne, William, 124
Pullen, or Pulleyne, Robert, 6, 8
Puritanism, growth of, in the University during the reign of James
I., 101
Pusey, Dr. Edw. Bouverie, 206, 210, 214, 216
Pym, John, 106, 124

Quadrivium, the, 4, 61
Queen’s College, 31

Radcliffe Library, Infirmary, and Observatory, 187

Railway, the Oxford branch opened 1844, 218
Raynolds, Dr., Warden of Merton, 87
Rectores Scholarum, 11
Reformation, academical life checked by, 69, 79
‘Regent’ Masters, 65, 66
Renaissance (the), its origin, 70
Residence for degrees in the higher faculties, 67
Responsions, 63
Restoration (the) and new Visitation of the University, 151
Revolution of 1688-9 quietly accepted at Oxford, 162
Rewley, the Cistercian Abbey of, 50
Reynolds, Edward, 138, 142, 152
Rich, Edmund, archbp. of Canterbury, 9
Richard I., born at Beaumont palace, 5
Richard of Armagh, loose statement of, as to number of scholars,
14
Richmond, Miss Stuart, afterw. Duchess of, 156
Ridley, Bp., burned, 84
Royal Commission of 1850, its report, 194, 195
Royal Society, holds its first meetings at Oxford, 154
Royal Supremacy, 75-77
Rupert, Prince, 117, 128, 136

Sacheverell, Dr., of Magdalen, his popularity, 165

St. Frideswide, monastery and schools of, 3, 48, 78
St. George within the Castle, church of, 2, 6
St. John’s college, 86
St. Mary’s Church, 50, 60, 153
St. Mary’s college, 71
Salerno, Univ. of, 7
Savile, Sir Henry, 95
Savilian Professorships, 107
School Street, 3, 59, 60
‘Schools of Oxford,’ the germ of the University, 3, 6
Schools, the ‘Old,’ 59;
the ‘New,’ 106
Schools of Paris, see Paris
‘Sciences’ (the) in the 12th century, 4
Scott, sir William, his tutorial lectures, 180
Selden, John, 106, 119, 142
Shakspeare, William, 95
Sheldon, Gilbert, warden of All Souls, 119, 142, 152;
archbp. of Canterbury in 1663, Chancellor in 1667, 153;
founds Sheldonian theatre, 153
Six Articles, 80
Smith, Adam, his evidence on Oxford studies, 176
Smith, Sydney, his attack on University studies, 188
Smyth, Dr. Richard, 84
Somerset, the Protector, 80
Sorbonne, the, founded about 1250, 16
South, Dr. Robert, public orator, 154
Southern ‘nation,’ see Northern and Southern nations
Sports, manly, temp. Charles I., 121
Stamford, ‘University’ at, 39, 40
Statutes made by Commission of 1877, 201
Stephen, King, held Councils at Oxford, 6
Studium generale, 3, 5
Studies, University, character of at various periods, 9, 61, 95, 114,
174-6, 191
Subscription to the 39 Articles, 92, 173, 180
Swift, Dean, 176

Taylor Institution, 187

Tests, University, 141;
abolition of in 1871, 198
Terræ Filii, 149, 154
Thirty-nine Articles, Subscription to, established by Leicester, 92
Three Articles, the, 104
‘Town and gown rows,’ 120
Tractarian Movement, contrasted with the Methodist Revival, 204-
15
‘Tracts for the Times,’ origin of, 207;
 publication of Tract XC., 210-212
Tresham, Dr. Will., canon of Ch. Ch., 87
Trinity college, 86
Trivials and Quadrivials, 4, 64
‘Trojans,’ and ‘Greeks,’ 73
Tutorial system in colleges, temp. Charles I., 121
Twelfth century, the, intellectual revival of, 3, 4
Twyne, Brian, 119

‘Unattached’ or ‘Non-Collegiate’ students, order of instituted, 197

Uniformity, Act of, 152
Universitas literaria, 3
Universities, rise of, throughout Europe in the 14th cent., 28;
see ‘Oxford,’ ‘Bologna,’ and ‘Paris’
University college, 2, 5, 16
University Commission, 1850, see under Oxford
University Press, 187
University Reform Act, 112, 196-201
University Tests, 198
Urban, Pope, bull of in 1368, 42

Vacarius, professor of Bologna, his lectures in civil law, 5

Victoria, Queen, review of University history during her reign, 217-
222
Visitations of the University, 77, 80, 85, 87;
Parliamentary, 138-150, 151
‘Visitors’ Register,’ the, 144, 149
Volunteer corps, University, 159, 185, 188
Wadham college, 106
Wake, sir Isaac, his Rex Platonicus, 102
Wake, Archbp., 170
Walker, Obadiah, Master of University Coll., 160
Wallis, Dr. John, Savil. Prof. of Geometry, 154
Waltham, Harold’s college at, 15
Ward, Will. Geo., fellow of Balliol, condemned by the University
Convocation, Feb. 13, 1845, 214
Warham, Archbp., 111
Wesley, John, 181;
his sermon before the University in 1734, 171
Whigs, 158, 166
Whitelocke, Bulstrode, 142
Whitgift, archbp., 94
Wilkins, Dr. John, Warden of Wadham Coll., 146, 154
William III., deputation to, 162;
visits the University, 163
William of Durham, his bequest to the University, 16
Winchester College, 33, 70
Wolsey, Cardinal, 74, 75
Wood, Anthony, 1 et passim
Wren, Christopher, 150, 154
Wyclif, John, 28, 34-6, 55
Wykeham, William of, founds New Coll. (1379), 32, 33
Printed by Ballantyne, Hanson & Co.
Edinburgh & London
 Transcriber’s Notes
pg 214 Changed sidenote: Proceedings against Pusey and War
to: Proceedings against Pusey and Ward
*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A HISTORY OF THE
UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD ***

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