Reported Speech Or Indirect Speech

 Difference between report and reported speech.

Report or Direct speech.
Reporting what speaker said in his actual Words is called as report or
direct speech
……………………………………………………………………………...…
………………………………………………………………………………...
Ex- Janaka said — I am busy thesedays.˜

Report or Indirect speech.

Reporting what speaker said without quoting his actual words is called as
reported or indirect speech.
……………………………………………………………………………...…
………………………………………………………………………………...
Ex- Janaka said that he was busy those day.˜
When reporting, there are three changes can be seen.

Tense Change …………………………………

i. simple present Simple past
ii. simple past Past perfect
iii. past perfect Past perfect
iv. present continuous Past continuous

will would am /is /are was / were

can could was / were had been
may might Do / Does Did
shall should has / have had
must had to

Pronouns Changes ………………………………

1. Report Reported
2. I / you He / She
3. We / you they Subject

4. me / you him / her

5. us / you them Object

6. my / you his / her

7. our / you their possessive adjective

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 8. mine / yours his /hers
9. ours / yours theirs possessive

10. Myself / yourself himself / herself

11. Ourselves / yourselves themselves reflexive

Determiners
i. this that
ii. these those
iii. here there

Time words changes …………………………………..

i. Report Reported
ii. Now then / at that moment
iii. today that day
iv. yesterday the day before
v. days ago the days before
vi. last week week before
day day
month month
year year

vii. Next year the following year

day day
month month
week week

When the reporting verbs is in present changes one not applicable¡

Ex - Janaka says —I am unwell˜ (direct)

Janaka says that he is unwell (indirect)

If the statement is a universal truth" changes are not applicable¡

Ex - Teacher said the earth goes around sun

Teacher said that the earth goes around sun

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 Reporting Imperative¡
A sentence that expresses a command" a request an advice or a suggestion is
called an imperative¡
………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………….

Ex - open the door (command)

please help me (request)
stop smoking (advice)
DonZt make a noise (command)
when reporting imperative" two clauses connect with —To˜
.......................................................................................................................................

Ex - He commanded me — open the door ˜ ^direct)

He command me to open the door ( indirect)

She requested me — please help me ˜ ^direct&

She requested me to help her ^indirect&

He advised Saman— stop smoking (direct)

He advised Saman— stop smoking (indirect)

Ex - principal commanded to pupils — DonZt make a noise˜

principal commanded to pupils not to make a noise¡

Let

Ex - She said —Let me work˜¡

She said that she should work¡

He said — LetZs go to the market ˜¡

He suggested that we should go to the market¡

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Change the direct speech into reported speech.
1. “Don’t do it!”

She ______________________________________________________________

2. “I’m leaving tomorrow”

She ______________________________________________________________

3. “Please get me a cup of tea”

She ______________________________________________________________

4. “She got married last year”

She ______________________________________________________________

5. “Be quick!”

She ______________________________________________________________

6. “Could you explain number four, please?”

She ______________________________________________________________

7. “Where do you live?”

She ______________________________________________________________

8. “We went to the cinema and then to a Chinese restaurant”

She ______________________________________________________________

9. “I’ll come and help you at twelve”

She ______________________________________________________________

10. “What are you doing tomorrow?”

She ______________________________________________________________

11. “Don’t go!”

She ______________________________________________________________

12. “Do you work in London?”

She ______________________________________________________________

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13. “Could you tell me where the post office is?”

She ______________________________________________________________

14. “Come here!”

She ______________________________________________________________

15. “I’ve never been to Wales”

She ______________________________________________________________

16. “Have you ever seen ‘Lord of the Rings’?”

She ______________________________________________________________

17. “I don't like mushrooms”

She ______________________________________________________________

18. “Don't be silly!”

She ______________________________________________________________

19. “Would you mind waiting a moment please?”

She ______________________________________________________________

20. “How often do you play sport?”

She ______________________________________________________________

Statement reporting
Wen statements reporting that comes as linking word which connects clauses and commas are not
used¡
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Ex - Saman said —I am learning now˜¡

Saman said that he was learning then¡

My friends said me —we have finished this˜

My friends said me that they had finished this˜¡

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Change this direct speech into reported speech:
1. “He works in a bank”

She said ___________________________________________________________

2. “We went out last night”

She told me ________________________________________________________

3. “I’m coming!”

She said ___________________________________________________________

4. “I was waiting for the bus when he arrived”

She told me ________________________________________________________

5. “ I’d never been there before”

She said ___________________________________________________________

6. “I didn’t go to the party”

She told me ________________________________________________________

7. “Lucy’ll come later”

She said ___________________________________________________________

8. “He hasn’t eaten breakfast”

She told me ________________________________________________________

9. “I can help you tomorrow”

She said ___________________________________________________________

10. “You should go to bed early”

She told me ________________________________________________________

11. “I don’t like chocolate”

She told me ________________________________________________________

12. “I won’t see you tomorrow”

She said ___________________________________________________________

13. “She’s living in Paris for a few months”

She said ___________________________________________________________

14. “I visited my parents at the weekend”

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She told me ________________________________________________________

15. “She hasn’t eaten sushi before”

She said ___________________________________________________________

16. “I hadn’t travelled by underground before I came to London”

She said ___________________________________________________________

17. “They would help if they could”

She said ___________________________________________________________

18. “I’ll do the washing-up later”

She told me ________________________________________________________

19. “He could read when he was three”

She said ___________________________________________________________

20. “I was sleeping when Julie called”

She said ___________________________________________________________

Interrogative reporting¡
When interrogative reporting If or whether come as the linking words and the sentence
doesnZt show as interrogative

………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………….

He asked her —Do you like me˜¡

He asked her if she liked him¡

Policeman asked me —Do I have a licence¡

Policeman asked me wheather I had a licence¡

He asked her —Are you British or American¡

He asked her If she was British or American¡

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Change the direct questions into reported questions:
1. Is John at home?

She asked me if __________________________________________________

2. Am I late?

She asked me if __________________________________________________

3. Is it cold outside?

She asked me if __________________________________________________

4. Are they in Paris?

She asked me if __________________________________________________

5. Is the bus stop near the shopping Centre?

She asked me if __________________________________________________

6. Is the milk fresh?

She asked me if __________________________________________________

7. Are you a doctor?

She asked me if __________________________________________________

8. Are James and Lucy from France?

She asked me if __________________________________________________

9. Is my brother in the garden?

She asked me if __________________________________________________

10. Is the weather good in Shanghai in the summer?

She asked me if __________________________________________________

11. Does Julie drink tea?

She asked me if __________________________________________________

12. Do you like chocolate?

She asked me if __________________________________________________

13. Do they own a flat?

She asked me if __________________________________________________

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14. Does David go to the cinema often?

She asked me if __________________________________________________

15. Do the children study Chinese?

She asked me if __________________________________________________

16. Do they go on holiday every summer?

She asked me if __________________________________________________

17. Does your sister live in Stockholm?

She asked me if __________________________________________________

18. Do I talk too much?

She asked me if __________________________________________________

19. Does Jennifer want a new job?

She asked me if __________________________________________________

20. Does it rain a lot in London?

She asked me if __________________________________________________

 Interrogative reporting with WH words¡

The WH words came as the linking words to connect two clauses

………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………….......................................................................¡

Ex - Policeman asked me —where is your home@

Policeman asked me where my home is¡

Sanjana asked —where does Anuhas live@

Sanjana asked where Anuhas live¡

Teacher asked students —why didnZt you do your home work¡

Teacher asked students why they hadnZt done their home work¡

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Change these direct questions into reported speech:
1. “Where is he?”

She asked me ______________________________________________________

2. “What are you doing?”

She asked me ______________________________________________________

3. “Why did you go out last night?”

She asked me ______________________________________________________

4. “Who was that beautiful woman?”

She asked me ______________________________________________________

5. “How is your mother?”

She asked me ______________________________________________________

6. “What are you going to do at the weekend?”

She asked me ______________________________________________________

7. “Where will you live after graduation?”

She asked me ______________________________________________________

8. “What were you doing when I saw you?”

She asked me ______________________________________________________

9. “How was the journey?”

She asked me ______________________________________________________

10. “How often do you go to the cinema?”

She asked me ______________________________________________________

11. “Do you live in London?”

She asked me ______________________________________________________

12. “Did he arrive on time?”

She asked me ______________________________________________________

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13. “Have you been to Paris?”

She asked me ______________________________________________________

14. “Can you help me?”

She asked me ______________________________________________________

15. “Are you working tonight?”

She asked me ______________________________________________________

16. “Will you come later?”

She asked me ______________________________________________________

17. “Do you like coffee?”

She asked me ______________________________________________________

18. “Is this the road to the station?”

She asked me ______________________________________________________

19. “Did you do your homework?”

She asked me ______________________________________________________

20. “Have you studied reported speech before?”

She asked me ______________________________________________________

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