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6 views

Assignment3

Uploaded by

omarelsyed2k2
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Industrial

process
control &
Automation

Assignment (3)
1. A single equilibrium stage in a distillation column is shown in Fig.1. The model
that describes this stage is Assume that the molar holdup H in the stage is constant
and that constant molal overflow occurs. Thus, L1=L0 and V2=V1.

(a) Linearize the resulting model and introduce deviation variables.


(b) For constant liquid and vapor flow rates, derive the four transfer functions
relating outputs x1 and y1 to inputs x0 and y2. Place it in standard form.

2. A surge tank in Fig.2 is designed with a slotted weir so that the outflow rate w is
related to the liquid level h to the 1.5 power; that is,
w=Rh1.5
where R is a constant. If a single stream enters the tank with flow rate wi, find the
transfer function, H′(s)∕W′i(s). Identify the gain and all-time constants. Verify units.
The cross-sectional area of the tank is A. Liquid density ρ is constant.

*Dr. Mostafa Elsayed


Industrial
process
control &
Automation

3. The contents of the stirred-tank heating system shown in Fig.3 are heated at a
constant rate of Q(Btu/h) using a gas-fired heater. The flow rate w(lb/h) and volume
V(ft3) are constant, but the heat loss to the surroundings QL (Btu/h) varies with the
wind velocity v(ft/s) according to the expressions.

Where U, A, b, and Ta are constants. Derive the transfer function between exit
temperature T and wind velocity v. List any additional assumptions that you make.

*Dr. Mostafa Elsayed


Industrial
process
control &
Automation

4. Consider a pressure surge system to reduce the effect of pressure variations at a


compressor outlet on the pressure in a compressed gas header. Develop a dynamic
model and evaluate the form of the resulting transfer function for the two-tank
process shown in Fig. 4.
(a) Develop a dynamic model that can be used to solve for the gas flow rate, w3(t),
to the header given known pressures at the compressor, Pc(t), and in the header,
Ph(t). Determine the degrees of freedom. Available Information:
(i) The three valves operate linearly with resistancesR1, R2, R3. E.g., w1=
(Pc−P1) R1.
(ii) The tank volumes (V1and V2) are constant.
(iii) The Ideal Gas Law holds.
(iv) The molecular weight of the gas is M.
(v) Operation is isothermal.
(b) Develop the model (linearize, Laplace transform, etc.) just to the point where
you can identify the following characteristics of the transfer function.

(i) What is the order of the denominator?


(ii) What is the order of the numerator?
(iii) Does the gain equal one?

*Dr. Mostafa Elsayed


Industrial
process
control &
Automation

5. Three stirred-tanks in series are used in a reactor train (see Fig. 5). The flow rate
into the system of some inert species is maintained constant while tracer tests are
conducted. Assuming that mixing in each tank is perfect and the volumes are
constant:
(a) Derive expressions for the concentration of tracer leaving each tank; ci is the
concentration of tracer entering the first tank.
(b) If ci has been constant and equal to zero for a long time and an operator
suddenly injects a large amount of tracer material in the inlet to tank 1, what will
be the form of c3(t) (i.e., what types of time functions will be involved) if
1.V1=V2=V3
2.V1≠V2≠V3

*Dr. Mostafa Elsayed

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