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Variables_in_Java

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Variables_in_Java

Uploaded by

prernajangra1124
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Variables in Java

In Java, variables are containers that hold data that can be manipulated during program
execution. Here's a brief overview:

### Types of Variables in Java

1. **Local Variables**:
- Declared inside a method, constructor, or block.
- Only accessible within the scope where they are defined.
- Must be initialized before use.

2. **Instance Variables** (Non-static fields):


- Declared inside a class but outside any method, constructor, or block.
- Each instance of the class (object) has its own copy.
- Default values are provided if not initialized (e.g., `0` for integers, `null` for objects).

3. **Class Variables** (Static fields):


- Declared with the `static` keyword inside a class but outside any method, constructor, or
block.
- Shared among all instances of the class.
- Default values are provided if not initialized.

### Variable Declaration Syntax


```java
type variableName = value;
```
- `type` specifies the data type of the variable (e.g., `int`, `float`, `String`).
- `variableName` is the name given to the variable.
- `value` is the initial value assigned to the variable (optional during declaration).

### Examples
```java
public class Example {
// Instance variable
int instanceVar = 10;

// Static variable
static int staticVar = 20;

public void method() {


// Local variable
int localVar = 30;
}
}
```

### Variable Scope


- **Local variables**: Limited to the method/block where they are defined.
- **Instance variables**: Accessible by all methods of the class.
- **Static variables**: Accessible by all methods of the class and can be accessed using the
class name.

### Final Variables


- Declared using the `final` keyword.
- Once assigned, their value cannot be changed.
```java
final int constantValue = 100;
```

### Variable Naming Conventions


- Should start with a letter, `$`, or `_`.
- Cannot start with a number.
- Should be meaningful and follow camelCase convention (e.g., `myVariable`).

Understanding these basics about variables in Java is crucial for managing data and writing
effective programs.

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