1-“If November twenty fifth was his favorable day, then it's completely

possible that he is alive somewhere.”

Frank said this to Joe Keller when he was explaining that if Larry was missing on his
luck day, he must be alive because nothing bad happens to a person on his luck
day.
2- “It's time she realized that nobody believes Larry is alive
anymore.”
 This was said by Chris to his father. Chris said that they were mistaken
because they didn't tell his mother that Larry wouldn't come back. As a result,
she believed that Larry was alive. Chris wanted his father to help him to make
Kate believe that Larry died and so she can agree to his marriage of Ann.
3- “She was out here when it broke. About four this morning. I
heard it cracking and I woke up and looked out. She was standing
right here when it cracked.”
 Chris said this to Joe Keller when they were talking about the broken tree. That
tree was a symbol of Larry's life. Joe was worried that Kate may be shocked
when she sees the tree. Chris told him that she had already seen it.
4- “I don't know, when it cracked she ran back into house and cried
in the kitchen.”
 Chris said that to Keller when the tree cracked. Kate ran to the kitchen and
cried hard.
5- “The trouble is the Goddam newspapers. Every month some boys
turn up from nowhere.”
 Keller said that to Chris when he read that some boys were lost and then came
back.
6- “I am going to ask her to marry me.”
 Chris said that to Keller because he wanted to marry Ann.
7- “How do you know she'll marry you?”
 Keller said that to Chris when he told him that he wanted to marry Ann.
13- “I'll get out. I'll get married and live someplace else may be in
New York.” Or I want a family, I want some kids, I want to build
somethings.”
 Chris said that to Keller as he threatened him to leave the house if they refused
to let him marry Ann. He talked about his dream to have a family not to make
money.
14- “I don't know why it is, but every time I reach out for something
I want, I have to pull back because other people will suffer, my
whole bloody life, time after time after time.”
 Chris said this to Joe when Joe said that Chris should not propose to Ann
them because she is, in Kate's eye, "Larry's girl." Chris determined not to back
off
15- “All right, but… but don't think like that. Because what the hell
did I work for? That's only for you. Chris, the whole shooting-match
is for you!”
 Joe says this to Chris when Chris says he is prepared to leave town (and the
family business) if Kate will not accept his marriage to Ann. Joe is horrified, to
hear that Chris is ready to walk away from the business
16- “She thinks he's coming back. You marry that girl and you're
pronouncing him dead. Now what's going to happen to Mother? Do
you know? I don't.”
 These words were said by Joe Keller to Chris when he told him that he was
going to marry Ann. He asked his father to help him and tell this news to his
mother. Chris knew that his mother would never accept such marriage because
Ann was Larry's girl and she believes that he is still alive. Joe needs Kate's
support in the case that is why he didn't want to contradict her.
17- “We've made a terrible mistake with Mother… being dishonest
with her. That kind of thing always pays off, and now it's paying
off.”
 Chris said these words to Joe Keller. He wanted to marry Ann but his father
told him that his mother would never accept this marriage because she thinks
that Larry is still alive and she is waiting for him to come back.
. 18- “Larry was born in August. He'd been twenty-seven this month.
And his tree blows down.”
 Frank said this sentence to Joe Keller, Keller was astonished to find that Frank
remembers Larry's birthday. Frank is making a horoscope for Larry, that is why
he remembers his birthday.
19- “No more roses. It is so funny…. everything decides to happen at
the same time. This month is his birthday, Ann comes. Everything
that happened seems to be coming back.” “Giza 2017 / 2018”
 Kate said this to Chris in the garden of the house. Kate believed that a lot
things related to Larry happened at the same time. His tree was broken, Ann
came home, that month was his birthday and Kate stumbled in Larry's baseball
glove. From Kate's opinion all those things prove that Larry was alive and would
come back.
20- “The man was a fool, but don't make a murderer out of him.”
 Joe said this to Ann and Chris when they were discussing Steve's crime. Keller
justified Steve's crime by saying that Steve committed a human mistake but he
wasn't a murderer and he didn't expect that the accident would happen. Keller
said this to justify his own crime.
21- “Alright Joe, just be smart.” or “Be smart now Joe. The boy is
coming. Be smart.”
 Kate said this to Joe after George had called Ann and told her that he would
come to Keller's house. Kate and Joe were worried about George's visit because
they knew that he had visited his father in prison. They expected that George may
open the case again.
22- “I like it an hour a day. If I have to grab for money all day long,
at least at the evening I want it beautiful. I want a family. I want
some kids….”
 Chris said this to Keller when Keller reminded Chris of business and money.
Although Chris needed business, he believed that love and happy family were
more important. This shows that Chris was different from his father who believed
that money was everything in life.
23- “We never took up our lives again. We are like a railroad
station waiting for a train that never comes in.”
 Chris said this to Kate after she had told him the dream of Larry. Chris said this
to convince her that Larry died and wouldn't come back. He wanted her to stop
waiting for Larry. So he likens the family to people in a railway station waiting for
a train that won't come.
24- “I felt wrong to be alive, to open the bank-book, to drive a new
car.”
 Chris said this to Ann when he told her that he felt ashamed of himself because
he didn't die in the war and came back to enjoy a rich life. He thought that others
who died in the war were better than him because they sacrificed their lives for
their country.
25- “Deep, deep in your heart you have always been waiting for
him.”
 Kate said this to Ann while they were talking about Larry. Kate thought that
Ann was waiting for Larry. Ann didn't agree with her but Kate said this to
convince herself that Larry will come back.
26- “Don't look at me like that, he didn't tell me any more than he
told you.”
 Joe said this to Kate, when she asked him if he knew anything about Chris's
proposal to Ann. He lied to her and told her that he knew nothing more than she
did.
27- “That's what a war does. I had two sons, now I got one.”
 This was said by Joe Keller blaming the death of his son on war. He tries to
hide the truth that he killed his own son by selling the faulty parts to the Air
Force.
28- “When I got home from the penitentiary the kids got very
interested in me… I was (laughs) like the expert on the jail
situation. And as time passed they got it confused and…I ended up
a detective.”
 Joe describes what happened when he was released from prison on appeal
after falsely blaming Steve for his crime. The local children have forgotten, or
perhaps never knew, that Joe went to prison for committing a crime and in their
imaginations, have made him into a detective.
29- “Everybody was in such a hurry to bury him. I said not to plant
it yet.”
 Kate said these words to Joe and Chris when Larry's tree was broken. They
had planted that tree after Larry was reported missing. It was a memorial of him,
for Kate it means that Larry is still alive. Kate blames Joe for accepting Larry's
death too soon and perhaps for the romance between Chris and Ann that she's
trying to prevent.
30- “So he takes out his tools he… covers over the cracks. All
right… that's bad, it's wrong, but that's what a little man does. If I
could have gone in that day I'd told him - junk'em, Steve, we can
afford it.”
 These words were said by Keller to Ann and Chris. He was talking about Steve.
He was trying to defend Steve. This is the opposite of what really happened.
When asked for advice, Joe directed Steve to cover the cracks. Now he lies to
Ann and Chris.
31- “He knowingly shipped out part that would crash an airplane.
And how do you know Larry wasn't one of them?”
 Ann said this to Joe Keller and Chris. They were talking about her father, who
was in jail. Joe was defending him and said that what he had done has nothing to
do with Larry. In fact, Joe was defending himself not Steve. Ann was angry with
her father when she knew about the death of Larry.

32- “Chris, I want you to use what I made for you… I mean, with joy,
Chris, without shame… with joy…because sometimes I think
you're... ashamed of the money… because it's good money, there's
nothing wrong with the money.”
 Joe, has heard that George Deever has been to visit his father, Steve, in prison.
with Ann's visit, made him worry that his secret (that he, and not Steve, was
responsible for the faulty airplane parts crime) may be revealed.
33- “I know, dear, but don't say it's ridiculous, because the papers
were full of it; I don't know about New York, but there was half a
page about a man missing even longer than Larry, and he turned up
from Burma.”
 Kate holds on to such stories and this gives her the belief that Larry cannot
have died and that he is still alive. This of course is a major problem, as it means
that Chris and Ann cannot marry Of course, what we discover is that the reason
Kate is holding on to Larry being alive is that if she were to admit that he had
died, she would have to admit that her husband was guilty for sending faulty
machine parts to the war and therefore guilty for the death of other pilots like
Larry. The family is definitely shown to be in crisis through this.
34- “Stop that, Bert. Go home. There's no jail here.”
 Kate to Bert, (one of the neighbor's sons living near the Keller’s). He used to
come and play the jail game with Joe Keller. Kate doesn't want Joe to play the jail
with neighbor kids because it reminds everyone that Joe's partner is in jail-and
that he put him there. This shows us that she was suffering because of her
feelings of guilt.
35- “I don't know why after I had worked forty years why I have to
take out the garbage. I can afford another bag of potatoes.”
 These words were said by Joe Keller to his wife when she asked him about the
sack of potato. He was proud that he has worked and won a lot of money and can
afford to have a maid. In throwing the rubbish, Keller was really trying to get rid
of his sense of guilt. Keller threw the potatoes away because he thought they
were garbage. This wastefulness provides an interesting contrast to his crime of
saving machine parts (which actually were garbage) and selling them to the
military.
36- “Keller: What does that mean, me above all?”
 Kate doesn't say much, but she says it is clearly enough for Joe to understand.
He above all has to believe that Larry is still alive, because if Larry is dead, then
Joe killed him. Kate lived in an illusion which she herself, created so as to stop
her sense of guilt.
37- “Nobody in this house dare to take her faith away, Joe strangers
might. But not his father, not his brother.”
 Kate said to Joe Keller when he tries to persuade her with Ann's marriage to
Chris. Kate warned him not to rob Ann of her faith\ belief in Larry's return. Kate
also warned them that such a strong faith must not be shaken by the closet
people to Larry.
38- “Do not listen to her. Every Saturday night the whole gang is
playing poker in this arbor. All the ones who yelled murderer taking
my money now.”
 Joe to Ann trying to convince her to come to live here again and not to worry of
people who talk about her father as a murderer. Money makes people forget and
this reveals Joe Keller thinks money is the answer to everything.
39- “I mean you can take those things out of a war… Otherwise
what you have really loot. And there's blood on it.”
 Ann to Chris. Chris felt guilty because he had survived the war whereas all the
other soldiers in his company killed themselves in attempt to save each other's
lives so he could not enjoy driving his car or living a luxurious life.

Answer:
1- What is the horoscope? What is meant by a favorable day?
The horoscope means to know the future through stars and a favorable day is the
luck day for a person that is impossible to die on it.
2- Who was Mr. Frank? What was his job? ‫من هو الس ٌد فرانك وماهى وظ‬
‫ٌف ته؟‬
- Mr. Frank was Keller's friend and he was working on horoscope.
3- What was Keller's opinion of newspapers? And what was he
interested in them? ‫ماهو رأى ك ٌلر ف الجرائد؟ وما الش ٌئ الذى كان مهتما به‬
‫ف الجرائد؟‬
- Keller thought the newspapers are trivial and they talk about useless and
unimportant things and he was interested in reading the advertisements.
4- What does the broken tree signify in the play? Or What is the
significance of the blown down tree? ‫إل أي شئ تش ٌر الشجرة المكسورة‬
‫ًف المسرح ٌة؟‬
- Kate planted it to represent Larry and the growth of the tree gave her a sense of
comfort and ease that Larry is still alive. However, when a storm blows, the tree
fell down. Kate sees it as a bad omen. She believes that something bad was
about to occur so she ran to the kitchen and cries.
5- What was the real reason behind Chris' invitation to Ann? ‫ماهو‬
‫السبب الحق ٌق ى وراء دعوة كر ٌس ل آن؟‬
- Chris invited Ann to his house to propose to her. He wants to marry her but he
knew that his mother might object to that marriage.
6- What role did Chris want his father to play in his plans?
- He wanted Joe to convince Kate to bless his marriage to the girl he loves.
7- How did Chris Convince his father to participate in accepting his
marriage? ‫ك ٌف أقنع كر ٌس والده أن ٌش ارك ف الموافقة على زواجه؟‬
- By threatening Joe to leave home and abandon Joe's business and settle
somewhere else where he would work and marry Ann.
8- What was Keller's behavior like once he got back home after
being exonerated? ‫ماهو سلوك ك ٌلر عندما عاد إلى المنزل بعد أن تم اطالق‬
‫سراحه؟‬
- He walked in the street very proudly as he had a court paper which proved that
he was innocent.
9- How did Dr. Bayliss feel about his profession?
- Dr. Jim Bayliss was not happy with his profession as a doctor as he wants to be
a medical researcher.
10- Was he happy with his wife? Why/Why not?
- It was apparent that Dr. Bayliss was not happy with his wife because she wants
him to make money.
11- What game did Mr. Keller play with Bert? ‫ماهى اللعبة الت كان ٌلعبها‬
‫مستر ك ٌلر مع‬
- Mr. Keller loved playing MAKE-BELIEVE with Bert who worked as a policeman
who reported all activity in the neighborhood to Joe.
13- Chris showed feelings of shame since he came back from the
war. Explain? ‫ فسر ذلك‬.‫أظهر كر ٌس الشعور بالخزى منذ أن عاد من الحرب‬.
- He found out that his friends who died at the war are considered nothing in
people's eyes. So, he wanted to die in the war so he was ashamed to be alive.
14- Why did Chris blame his father? ‫لماذا كان كر ٌس ٌلوم والده؟‬
- Because his father was dishonest with Kate and he let her go on
thinking that Larry is alive.
15- When was Larry born? When was he lost? ‫؟‬
- Larry was born in August and he was lost on 25th November.
16- Give an account of Kate's dream? Or what was Kate's dream
about Larry? What does it show? ‫ أو ماذا كان حلم‬.‫اعطى تفسيرا لحلم كيت‬
‫كيت عن الرى وماذا يظهر ذلك؟‬
- Kate dreamed that she saw Larry flying in his plane over the house. Suddenly
he started to fall down and he was calling his mother. She tried to save him but
she couldn't. When she woke up she went out to the garden and saw Larry's tree
broken. The dream shows that Larry died but Kate insisted that he will come
back.
17- Why was Chris ashamed of himself? What does that show?
- Chris was ashamed of himself because he wasn't killed in the war. He believed
that those who died were better because they sacrificed their lives for their
country. Chris blamed himself because he came back alive and started to enjoy a
refined life. This shows that Chris was an ideal person.
18- How did Joe Keller behave after he was acquitted? What did he
advise Ann to do? Or Explain how did Keller face the people after
the trial. What was the result? What does this show about Joe
Keller's character?
- Keller left his car and walked slowly in the street to face his neighbors who
believed that he was a criminal. He didn't care about their opinion because the
court set him free. As a result, he became rich and all neighbors forgot his crime
and respected him.
19- What reasons made Kate believe that Larry was still alive? ‫ماهى‬
- Kate believed that a lot of things related to Larry happened at the same time. His
tree was broken, Ann came home, that month was his birthday and Kate
stumbled in Larry's baseball glove and has a dream about him. From Kate's
opinion all those things prove that Larry was alive and would come back.
2o- Ann considered her father a criminal, but Keller defended him.
(Explain)
- Ann thought that her father was a criminal because he caused the death of the
pilots and Larry maybe one of them. However, Chris defended Steve saying that
he made a human mistake but he wasn't a murderer.
21- Write short notes on Joe Keller? ‫اكتب مالحظات قصيرة عن شخصية جو‬
‫كيلر؟‬
Joe is a self-made business man of about sixty. He is uneducated. He is a loving
father and good husband.
22- "We've made a terrible mistake with mother" What was the
problem from Chris' point of view? And what was its solution? Did
Joe agree with?
- Chris said that they were mistaken because they didn't tell his mother that Larry
wouldn't come back. As a result, she believed that Larry died and so she can
agree to his marriage of Ann. Joe disagreed with Chris because there was no
body or grave to be sure that Larry died.
23- Why was mother worried about George's visit? ‫لماذا كانت األم قلقة‬
‫من زيارة‬
- Kate was worried about George's visit because he had visited his father in
prison. So she expected that Steve told George the truth. She was also worried
because George could open the case again as he is a lawyer.
24- Why was Keller so keen on defending Steve Deever? Or How did
Keller justify Steve's crime? Why?
- Keller justified Steve's crime by saying that he wasn't a murderer and that he
only committed a human mistake because the army was in urgent need for the
spare parts and Steve had to cover the defects and sent them in a hurry. Joe said
this to justify his own crime.
25- Kate was completely unwilling to let go Larry's memory. Discuss.
- Kate has a strong belief that Larry is still alive. Every night she dreams of Larry.
She asked Frank Lubby to make horoscope. She reads the papers to see Larry's
name among those who might come. She treats Ann as Larry's girl.
26- When did Ann stop visiting her father? Why?
- When Larry reported missing, she felt that her father was the reason so she
stopped visiting him.
27- What was the offer Joe Keller made to Ann concerning her
father?
- He told Ann to tell her father Steeve that there are a job and a house waiting for
him to start a new life.
28- Ann decided against staying with the Keller’s and wanted to
return to New York? Why?
- That is because Kate did not want to stay as Chris's girl but as Larry's girl.
29- Why does mother refuse to let Chris marry Ann?
- Because she believes that Larry is still alive and he will come back again.
30- How is Chris Keller different from his father?
- Chris was romantic, brave and honest as he wanted to tell his mother about
Larry's death. Keller was dishonest as he let Kate go on thinking that Larry was
still alive. Also, he was sarcastic as he criticizes the newspapers and what was
written in them.
31- Why hasn't Ann married when Larry lost?
- Because she was waiting for Chris. As he started writing to her after his
brother's missing.
 32- What did Kate threaten if Larry died?
- Kate threatened to kill herself.
33- What did Kate think of Ann? Why?
- Kate believed that Ann still waits for Larry as.
a) Ann didn't marry 3 years ago.
b) She came from New York.
c) She slept in Larry's room and had breakfast at the same place Larry likes.
34- Prove that Ann loves Chris. ‫اثبت أن )آن( تحب كريس؟‬
- Ann loves Chris as
a) She was going to marry 2 years ago but Chris started to write letters to her.
b) She didn't know Larry's clothes.
c) She exchanged letters with Chris and he invited her to his house.
35- What did the people think of Keller? ‫ما رأى الناس في كيلر؟‬
- People thought that Keller was guilty and murderer as he killed 21 pilots by
selling bad cylinders to the army.
36- What is the court's paper? ‫ماهو قرار المحكمة )ورقة المحكمة(؟‬
- It is a paper from the court to tell that Keller was innocent.
37- Compare between Keller's opinion of newspaper and Kate's?
- Keller thought that the newspapers are trivial as they talk about useless and
unimportant things but Kate thought that the newspapers are very important as
they wrote about important things like the coming back of some boys.
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
1- Describe the setting of the play in act one ‫اوصف المكان والزمان‬
‫للمسرحية في المش‬
- All My Sons takes place in a small American town in August, a few years after
World War II. The events of the play occur on a single set, the back yard of the
Keller’s home, where a tree has recently been torn down by a storm. The Keller’s
are solidly middle-class and have a working-class background. They are not rich,
but they are financially comfortable, and there is sense throughout the play that
they worked hard to reach this state of stability.
2- All My Sons concerns the conflict between a practical father and
his idealistic son. Explain ‫مسرحية كلهم أوالدى تهتم بالصراع بين األب‬
‫ فسر‬.‫العملى واألبن المثالى‬
- Joe Keller, the father, is a " a self-made man. He is very loyal to his family, Joe
allowed the defective airline-parts to be sent to the army, an action that killed
twenty-one pilots and led to the arrest and imprisonment of his partner and
friend, Steve Deever. On the other hand, Chris, his son, finds it impossible to
escape the past. During the war, Chris discovered a unique brotherhood among
the men who sacrificed their lives for each other: "a kind of-responsibility. Man
for man." On his return home, he finds "no meaning" in the shallow upper
middle-class concerns or in the consumerism of post-war America.
3- The past has different effects on both Joe Keller and Chris.
Discuss.
- Joe allowed the defective airline parts to leave his plant, an action that killed
twenty-one pilots and led to the arrest and imprisonment of his partner and
friend, Steve Deever. That is why Joe seeks to escape the past, to deny the fateful
series of events that threatened his business, his family, and his freedom. Chris
finds it impossible to escape that past. During the war, Chris discovered a unique
brotherhood among the men who sacrificed their lives for each other: "a kind of-
responsibility. Man for man.", the effect of the past on him appears clearly in his
rejection of the company's new name, and his dreams of leaving the area and
making his own way in the world.
4- Prove that the female characters reveal Miller's idea of revival.
- Ann and Sue convey life on an everyday basic. Sue points out the
contradictions and dangers characteristic in Chris's idealism. "Chris makes
people want to be better than it's possible to be." but she wanted her husband to
work for money and forget about researches because he has a family and they
need money. Kate, the sentimental mother who keeps alive an ideal image of her
dead son, is not as successful as either Ann or Sue. Knowing the guilt of her
husband, she has withdrawn into a world of horoscopes and memory. These
tensions and conflicts give depth to Miller's play, Ann was sure that Larry is dead
that is why she accepted Chris's offer of marriage. So she went on with her life.
5- What is the function of the newspaper in the first act of All My
Sons?
- The newspaper helps to demonstrate Keller's detachment and denial of current
events, signifying his guilty withdrawal from "the news" and the world. While
Keller has not become an outsider or withdrawn completely from social life, he
has chosen a path of denial. He does not read the actual news oriented news
sections of the paper. Instead he reads the sections that relate to entertainment.
Moreover, this reflects the realism of a businessman.
6- Write short notes on characters of Dr. Jim Bayliss and Frank
Lubey. ‫اكتب نبذة قصيرة على شخصية دكتور جيم بيليس و فرانك لوبى‬
- Jim is an old friend and neighbor of Joe Keller. A physician, he is nearly forty
years old. He is described as having a "very humor" tinged with sadness. It
became obvious that he always esteemed a dream of doing medical research, but
turned his back on it to make money in order to satisfy, Sue.
- Frank is a well-meaning but opinionated neighbor of Joe Keller. A strong
believer in astrology, he works out from Larry's astrological chart that Larry
could not have died on the day he disappeared because it was a favorable day for
him. Frank therefore feeds Kate Keller's delusion that Larry is alive.
7- Draw a character sketch for Kate Keller. ‫ارسم وصف تفصيلى لشخصية‬
‫كيت كيلر من‬
- Kate Keller, called "Mother" in the play, is the wife of Joe Keller and the mother
of Larry and Chris. She is described as being in her early fifties and as having "an
overwhelming capacity for love." her life is dominated by her refusal to admit that
her beloved Larry is dead. She knows the truth about the faulty cylinder heads
incident, but supports Joe in his deception that he is innocent. Kate in turn is
supported by Joe in her self-illusion that one day Larry will return. To admit that
Larry is dead would be to open up the terrible possibility that he was killed by his
father's action in allowing the cracked cylinder heads to be shipped out. This is a
possibility that Kate could bear, and so she attempts to shut it out through her
self-deception.
8- What is the significance of the broken tree? ‫ماهو مدلول الشجرة‬
‫المكسورة؟‬
- The apple tree that was planted in attribute for Larry is destroyed in a storm.
This seems to signal that Larry will ever found alive. Larry's tree falling is directly
related to the confirmation of his death. The tree falls in the month of his birth,
August. It falls when Ann, Larry's finance, is sleeping in his room, having come
for a visit to the Keller's home. the fallen tree sits in the middle of the backyard as
a symbol of the presence of Larry in the middle of this play.
9- Prove that Chris has an unconscious knowledge of his father's guilt? ‫اثبت بأن‬
- Chris makes several choices in the play that reveal his unconscious knowledge
of his father's guilt: his difficulty in proposing to Ann, his rejection of the
company's new name, and his dreams of leaving the area making his own way in
the world.
SONNET (18)
Shakespeare changed the internal form of the Sonnet. He divided
the 14 lines into 3 quatrains (four lines) and a heroic couplet (2
lines).
The main idea:
The poet opens the poem with a question to his beloved "shall I compare you to a
summer's day?" the poet answers his question in the rest of the poem and shows
that there is no such comparison. The poet goes on for the next lines to explain
this answer by explaining the negative points which can be found in a summer's
day. Then he goes in to his beloved's beauty and that it will last forever as long
as she is in his poem.
Lines 1, 2, 3 ,4 / The First Quatrain: Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?
Thou art more lovely and more temperate:
Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,
And summer's lease hath all too short a date:
Shakespeare asks if he could compare his beloved to a summer's day. Then he
refuses doing so as she is more beautiful and more sweet-tempered. He
mentions why he doesn't like the idea of such comparison as a summer's day is
sometimes so windy that it roughly shakes the tiny flowers. The summer is of a
short duration.
Figure of speech
Alliteration: line 3 (do - darling) to give music
Metaphor: line 4"And summer's lease hath all too short a date"
The poet compares the period of summer to a "lease" which has a fixed period of
time.
Rhyme Scheme: AB AB
Lines 5, 6, 7 ,8 /
Sometimes too hot the eye of heaven shines,
And often his gold complexion dimmed;
And every fair from fair sometime declines,
By chance, or nature's changing course, untrimmed
The sun in summer is very hot and sometimes the sky is cloudy. It’s a fact that every
beautiful thing has an end by accident or by death.
Figure of speech
Alliteration: line 5 (hot – heaven)
line 7 (fair – from)
line 8 (chance – changing) to give music
Metaphor: line 5"The eye of heaven shines"
The poet describes the sun as the eye of heaven
Personification: line 5
The poet gives heaven the image of a person who has an eye
Rhyme Scheme: CD CD
Lines 9, 10, 11, 12 /
But thy eternal summer shall not fade,
Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest;
Nor shall Death brag thou wander in his shade
, When in eternal lines to time thou growest;
The poet says that his beloved's youth and beauty will be everlasting as he is
sure that his beloved will always be beautiful and never be affected by the old
age, even death will fail to put her in its dark shadow.
Figure of speech
Metaphor: line 9"Thy eternal music"
The poet is using summer to describe the peak of someone's life" loveliness.
Metaphor: line 12"When in eternal lines to time thou growest"
The poet describes his beloved as living forever and reproducing through his
lines.
Personification: line 11
"Nor shall death brag thou wander in his shade"
The poet gives death the image of a person who is boasting.
Alliteration: line 11 (shall – shade) to give music
Rhyme Scheme: EF EF
Lines 13, 14 / The Couplet:
So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,
So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.
The poet’s beloved woman will actually live in his poetry which will be always
read as long as mankind exists.
Alliteration: line 14 (live – life) to give music
Rhyme Scheme: GG
- The opening lines poses a simple question which the rest of the sonnet
answers.
The poet compares his loved one to a summer's day and finds him to be "more
lovely and more temperate."
- The poet discovers that love and the man's beauty are more permanent than a
summer's day because summer is tainted by occasional winds and the eventual
change of season. While summer must always come to an end, the speaker's love
for the man is eternal.
- Shakespeare changed the internal form of the sonnet. The rhyme scheme of his
sonnet is ABAB, CDCD, EFEF, GG
1. What's a sonnet? What is the difference between the Italian and
Shakespearean sonnet?
- The sonnet is a poem of 14 lines, dealing with one idea or emotion and that idea
or emotion is usually a personal one.
- The sonnet originated in Italy and in its first form was divided into 2 parts: one
consisting of 8 lines (octet), the other of 6 lines (sestet). Shakespeare changed
the internal form of sonnet. He divided the 14 lines into 3 quatrains and a heroic
couplet.
2. What will make the lady's beauty everlasting? or How could
Shakespeare immortalize his beloved?
- Her beauty will be everlasting in the verse of the poet's sonnet that will be
repeated among people forever as long as men live, and as long as they read
poetry.
3. In sonnet 18 Shakespeare says that poetry defeats time. Discuss.
- Shakespeare believes that poetry defeats time and death. He says that poetry
prevents death and time from forgetting the people who are mentioned in the
poems.
4. Why does the poet use the repetition of certain words?
- To create internal musical patterns in the sonnet, for example: more / fair/so
long.
5. Pick up the figures of speech in sonnet 18?
- Shakespeare used only a few traditional metaphors in this sonnet, ex.
* describing the sun as the "eye of heaven" * also the internal summer
* There is also personification in: "his gold" complexion.
7. What's the comparison of the poem? Why is it an effective
comparison?
- The speaker begins by comparing the man's beauty to summer, but soon the
man becomes a force of nature himself. In the line, "thy eternal summer shall not
fade, "the man suddenly embodies summer. As a perfect being, he becomes
more powerful than the summer's day to which he was being compared.
Choose the correct answers:
45-You are overloaded -------------How you cope with all this work?
a.did b. must c.have d. do
46-The TV news-----------at 7:30 next Monday .
a. is going to start b. will start c. is starting d. starts
47-She wasn’t able to resume her career …………….the children had finished the
primary stage.
a. till b. because c. when d. before
48-During the goalless match last week , the fans were all on the ……………………
of their seats till the end.
a. age b. edge c. rage d. edged
48-During the goalless match last week, the fans were all on the ……………………
of their seats till the end.
a. age b. edge c. rage d. edged
49-Recently, we……….to the charitable organization every night after work.
a. have gone b. have been going c. went d. had gone
50-Everything in his garden is well due to having……………. fingers.
a. grey b. green c. blue d. brown
51-Children are very curious …………the world they live in.
a. with b. for c. about d. of
52-He couldn’t find what he wanted, so he had to build it from …………………….
a. begin b. scrap c. scratch d. first
53- He made a tour round the world, he a lot of experience.
a. gained b. earned c. won d. made
54-Water ………….at 0C'
a. will freeze b. is freezing c. freezes d. froze
55- She's ……………sailed in a yacht.
a. never b. only c. lately d. yet
56-There is a terrible …………. coming from under the door.
a. drought b. air c. wind d. draught
57-My wallet has disappeared into ……………. air.
a. up b. down c. thin d. heavy
58-The area has got many …………beaches.
a. narrow b. unspoiled c. high d. rocky
59- After the argument they both did their best to ………………the air
a. clear b. clean c. clarify d. colour
60- This curry is……………. spicy for me to eat.
a. very b. enough c. too d. many
61-Do you know when he ………………back?
a. will be b. has been c.is d. will have
62-The old Victorian building has been …………….to its original condition.
a. redecorated b. restored c. built d. found
63-In those days he usually ………………to school, but on this occasion he took
the bus.
a. is walking b. was walking c. walks d. walked
64-The restaurant …………………. next to our school is very expensive.
a. situated b. is situated c. is situating d. is located
65-You can trust him to do anything. He is very ……………………….
a. sensitive b. reliable c. ambitious d. sociable
66-I can’t stand …………….in queues for long.
a. wait b. be waiting c. to waiting d. waiting
67-She had never been to England…………….
a. yet b. before c. still d. already
68-"You look tired” yes, I…………………….
a. work b. worked c. have been working d. have worked
69-We …………hard these days in order to pass the exam.
a. study b. are studying c. studied d. were studying
70-According to an eye witness, the fire broke …………. early in the morning.
a. into b. up c. down d. out
71-He is a bit ……………. of cash at the moment.
a. short b. shorten c. shortly d. shortage
72-I've got plans for this holiday. I………………….to Luxor.
a. will be going b. will go c. am going d. go
th
73-This castle was abandoned in the 18 century. the word "abandoned"
means………….
a. restored b. deserted c. built d. rebuilt