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SQL Dates

Working with dates

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13 views6 pages

SQL Dates

Working with dates

Uploaded by

vivek
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SQL Working With Dates

MySQL comes with the following data types for storing a date or a date/time
value in the database:

 DATE - format YYYY-MM-DD


 DATETIME - format: YYYY-MM-DD HH:MI:SS
 TIMESTAMP - format: YYYY-MM-DD HH:MI:SS
 YEAR - format YYYY or YY

SQL Working with Dates


Look at the following table:

Orders Table

OrderId ProductName OrderDate

1 Geitost 2008-11-11

2 Camembert Pierrot 2008-11-09

3 Mozzarella di Giovanni 2008-11-11

4 Mascarpone Fabioli 2008-10-29

SELECT * FROM Orders WHERE OrderDate='2008-11-11'

The result-set will look like this:

OrderId ProductName OrderDate


1 Geitost 2008-11-11

3 Mozzarella di Giovanni 2008-11-11

Now, assume that the "Orders" table looks like this (notice the added time-
component in the "OrderDate" column):

OrderId ProductName OrderDate

1 Geitost 2008-11-11 13:23:4

2 Camembert Pierrot 2008-11-09 15:45:2

3 Mozzarella di Giovanni 2008-11-11 11:12:0

4 Mascarpone Fabioli 2008-10-29 14:56:5

If we use the same SELECT statement as above:

SELECT * FROM Orders WHERE OrderDate='2008-11-11'

we will get no result! This is because the query is looking only for dates with
no time portion.

SQL | Date functions


NOW(): Returns the current date and time. Example:
SELECT NOW();
 Output:
 2017-01-13 08:03:52

CURDATE(): Returns the current date. Example:


 SELECT CURDATE();
Output:
2017-01-13

CURTIME(): Returns the current time. Example:


 SELECT CURTIME();
Output:
08:05:15

DATE(): Extracts the date part of a date or date/time expression. Example:


For the below table named ‘Test’

Id Name BirthTime
4120 Pratik 1996-09-26 16:44:15.581
SELECT Name, DATE(BirthTime) AS BirthDate FROM Test;

Output:
Name BirthDate
Prati
k 1996-09-26

EXTRACT(): Returns a single part of a date/time.

 SELECT Name, Extract(DAY FROM BirthTime) AS BirthDay


FROM Test;
 Output:
Name BirthDay
Pratik 26

 SELECT Name, Extract(YEAR FROM BirthTime) AS BirthYear


FROM Test;
 Output:
Name BirthYear
Pratik 1996

DATE_ADD() : Adds a specified time interval to a date


Syntax:

DATE_ADD(date, INTERVAL expr type);


Where, date – valid date expression and expr is the number of interval we
want to add.
and type can be one of the following:
MICROSECOND, SECOND, MINUTE, HOUR, DAY, WEEK, MONTH,
QUARTER, YEAR, etc.
Example:
For the below table named ‘Test’
Id Name BirthTime
4120 Pratik 1996-09-26 16:44:15.581

Queries
 SELECT Name, DATE_ADD(BirthTime, INTERVAL 1 YEAR) AS
BirthTimeModified FROM Test;
 Output:
Name BirthTimeModified
Prati
k 1997-09-26 16:44:15.581

 SELECT Name, DATE_ADD(BirthTime, INTERVAL 30 DAY) AS


BirthDayModified FROM Test;
 Output:
Name BirthDayModified
Prati
k 1996-10-26 16:44:15.581
 SELECT Name, DATE_ADD(BirthTime, INTERVAL 4 HOUR) AS
BirthHourModified FROM Test;
 Output:
Name BirthSecond
Prati
k 1996-10-26 20:44:15.581

 DATE_SUB(): Subtracts a specified time interval from a date.


Syntax for DATE_SUB is same as DATE_ADD just the difference is that
DATE_SUB is used to subtract a given interval of date.

DATEDIFF(): Returns the number of days between two


dates.Syntax:
DATEDIFF(date1, date2);
date1 & date2- date/time expression
Example:
SELECT DATEDIFF('2017-01-13','2017-01-03') AS DateDiff;

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