______________________ _Oscillations ____ _ ___ _____________

1. Soln.:- For 𝑦1 , 𝐴1 = 10 1 𝜋 2𝜋𝑡

∴ 2 = sin 6 = sin 𝑇
For 𝑦1 , 𝐴1 = 25 + 25 = 5 2 2𝜋𝑡 𝜋 1
𝐴1 10
∴ 3 =6 ∴ 𝑡 = 4 = 0.25 𝑠
∴ = = 2∶1 𝐴 2𝜋𝑡
𝐴2 5 2
14. Soln.:- 2 = 𝐴 sin 𝑇
2. Soln.:- The standard equation is
1 𝜋 2𝜋𝑡 𝑇
𝑑2x ∴ 2 = sin 6 = sin 𝑇 ∴ 𝑡 = 12
𝑑𝑡 2
+ 𝜔2 x = 0
𝑎 𝑎𝜔 2 0.64
5 15. Soln.:- v 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑎𝜔 = 𝜔 ∴ 𝜔 = 0.16 = 4
𝜔 = 2𝜋𝑛 = 2𝜋 × 2𝜋 = 5 𝜔2 = 25 𝑚𝑎𝑥
2𝜋 2𝜋 𝜋 3.14
𝑑2x ∴ 𝑇 = 𝜔 = 4 = 2 = 2 = 1.57 𝑠
∴ The equation is 𝑑𝑡 2 + 25x = 0
16. Soln.:-Maximum acceleration = 𝜔 𝐴 = 4𝜋 2 𝑛2 𝐴
2
3. Soln.:- The acceleration is directed towards the
5
mean position is the correct statement. = 4 × 𝜋 2 × 400 × × 10−2 = 80 𝑚/𝑠 2
𝜋2
1−𝑐𝑜𝑠 2𝜔𝑡 1 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2𝜔𝑡
4. Soln.:- 𝑦 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜔𝑡 = 2
=2− 2 17. Soln.:- 𝑇 = 2𝜋
x
= 2 × 3.14
3×10 −2
= 3.14 𝑠
𝑎 12×10 −2
Thus it is a periodic motion but it is not a S.H.M., 𝜋𝑡 𝜋
18. Soln.:- 𝑦 = sin +4
because it does not satisfy the equation, 4
𝑑2𝑦 Comparing with 𝑦 = 𝐴 sin(𝜔𝑡 + ∅), we get
𝑑𝑡 2
= −𝜔2 𝑦 𝜋
A = 1, 𝜔 = 4
Its angular speed = 2𝜔
𝜋2 𝜋2
∴𝑇=
2𝜋
=
2𝜋
=
𝜋 ∴ Maximum acceleration = 𝜔2 𝐴 = ×1 =
16 16
𝐴𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 2𝜔 𝜔
1 𝐾 1
5. Soln.:- 𝑦 = 𝑎 sin 𝜔𝑡 + 𝑏 cos 𝜔𝑡 19. Soln.:-𝑛 = i.e. 𝑛 ∝
2𝜋 𝑚 𝑚
Let a = A sin ∅ and b = A cos ∅
𝑛2 𝑚1 𝑚1
∴ 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 = 𝐴2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 ∅ + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 ∅ = 𝐴2 ∴
𝑛1
=
𝑚2
𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑚2 =
4
And
20. Soln.:- x=A cos 𝜔𝑡 + 𝜋/4
y = A sin ∅ sin 𝜔𝑡 + A cos∅ cos 𝜔𝑡 = A sin 𝜔𝑡 + ∅ 𝑑x 𝜋
𝑑𝑦 ∴ 𝑑𝑡 = −𝐴𝜔 sin 𝜔𝑡 + 4
∴ 𝑑𝑡
= 𝐴𝜔 cos 𝜔𝑡 + ∅
𝜋 𝜋
𝑑2𝑦 2 2
The speed is maximum when 𝜔𝑡 + 4 = 2
𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑑𝑡 2 = −𝜔 𝐴 sin 𝜔𝑡 + ∅ = −𝜔 𝑦 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
𝑑2𝑦
Or 𝜔𝑡 = 2 − 4 = 4
∴ 𝑡 = 4𝜔
∴ 2∝ −𝑦
𝑑𝑡 21. Soln.:- at the mean position, a = 0 and V is
∴ It is a S.H.M. of amplitude + 𝑎2 𝑏2 maximum.
6. Soln.:-a = -bx or a + bx = 0 comparing it with 22. Soln.:- velocity = Acceleration
𝑎2x
+ 𝜔2 x = 0 ∴ 𝜔 𝐴2 − x 2 = 𝜔2 x ∴ 𝐴2 − x 2 = 𝜔2 x 2
𝑑𝑡 2
2𝜋 2𝜋
4𝜋 2 2𝜋 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜔 = = 2𝜋 = 1
We get 𝜔2 = 𝑏 ∴ =𝑏 ∴𝑇= 𝑇
𝑇2 𝑏
𝐴2 2𝜋 3𝐴2 𝜋𝐴 3
∴ 4 = x2 + x2 ∴ x = 2
7. Soln.:- v = 𝜔 𝐴2 − ∴v= = 𝛽 Max. acceleration 𝐴𝜔 2 2𝜋
4 𝑇 4 𝑇 23. Soln.:- 𝛼 = Max. velocity
= 𝐴𝜔
=𝜔= 𝑇
1
8. Soln.:- Speed = (maximum speed) 2𝜋𝛼
2 ∴𝑇= 𝛽
𝜔𝑎
∴ =𝜔 𝑎 − x2
2
2
2
24. Soln.:- v = 𝜔 𝑎2 − x 2 ∴ 3𝑏𝜔 = 𝜔 𝑎2 − 𝑏 2
𝑎 3𝑎
∴ 4
= 𝑎2
−x ∴x= 22
∴ 3𝑏 2 = 𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 ∴ 𝑎 = 2𝑏 ∴ Path length = 4b
9. Soln.:- Average speed =
𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑑
=
4𝐴 25. Soln.:- v = 𝜔 𝐴2 − x 2 ∴ v 2 = 𝜔2 𝐴2 − x 2
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑇
2𝜋 4𝐴×𝜔 2𝐴𝜔 ∴ For x = 4 cm, 100 = 𝜔2 𝐴2 − 16 = 𝜔2 𝐴2 − 16𝜔2
But 𝑇 = 𝜔 ∴ 𝐴. 𝑆. = 2𝜋 = 𝜋
For x = 5 cm, 64 = 𝜔2 𝐴2 − 25 = 𝜔2 𝐴2 − 25𝜔2
2
10. Soln.:- In this case, 𝜔 = 64 ∴𝜔=8 ∴ 100 − 64 = −16𝜔2 + 25𝜔2 = 9𝜔2
2𝜋 𝜋
∴ 𝑇
=8 ∴𝑇= 4
𝑠 ∴ 36=9𝜔2 ∴𝜔=2
𝑎 𝜔2𝐴 4 2𝜋 2𝜋
11. Soln.:- v 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = = 𝜔 = 2 = 2 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑇 = 𝜔
= 2
∴𝑇=𝜋𝑠
𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝜔𝐴
2𝜋𝑡 𝜋 𝜋
12. Soln.:- 𝑦 = 𝐴 sin 𝜔𝑡 + 𝛼 = 0.5 sin + 26. Soln.:- x = 5 sin 4𝑡 − 6
0.4 2
𝜋 ∴ Thus A = 5 cm and 𝜔 = 4
= 0.5 sin 5𝜋𝑡 + 2 = 0.5 cos 5𝜋𝑡
𝐴 2𝜋𝑡
∴ v=𝜔 𝐴2 − x 2 = 4 25 − 9 = 16
13. Soln.:- x = 2
= 𝐴 sin 𝑇 27. Soln.:- At the mean position. v = A𝜔
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 5 𝐴
∴ 10 = 4 × 𝜔 ∴ 𝜔 = 2 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠 33. Soln.:- To cover a distance of 2 from the mean
𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∵ v = 𝜔 𝐴2 − x 2 position the particle requires
25 𝑇 3
∴ v 2 = 𝜔2 𝐴2 − x 2 ∴ 25 = 16 − x 2 12
𝑠 = 12 = 0.25 𝑠
4
∴ 4 = 16 − s 2 ∴ x 2 = 16 − 4 = 12 ∴ x = And the same time is required to move 12.5 cm
2 3 𝑐𝑚 on the other side.
28. Soln.:- 𝜔 =
2𝜋
=
2𝜋
=
𝜋 ∴ Total time = 0.25 + 0.25 = 0.5 s
𝑇 12 6
34. Soln.:-The average acceleration is zero.
x = A sin 𝜔𝑡 ∴ v = 𝐴𝜔 cos 𝜔𝑡
𝜋 𝜋 35. Soln.:- x = 5 2 sin 2𝜋𝑡 + 5 2 cos 2𝜋𝑡
∴𝜋 =𝐴∙ cos 6 ×2
6 Comparing with x = A sin 𝜔𝑡 + B cos 𝜔𝑡
𝐴 𝐴
∴1= 6
cos 60° = 12 We get A = 5 2 and B = 5 2
∴ A = 12 cm and path length = 2A = 24 cm ∴ The resultant amplitude
2𝜋 2𝜋 𝜋
29. Soln.:- 𝜔 = = = = 𝐴2 + 𝐵 2 = 5 2
2
+ 5 2
2
= 100 = 10
𝑇 24 12
x = A sin 𝜔𝑡 2𝜋 2𝜋
𝑑x
36. Soln.:-𝑇 = =
𝜔 𝛼
∴v= = 𝐴𝜔 cos 𝜔𝑡
𝑑𝑡 37. Soln.:- x = 5 cos πt +5 sin πt comparing with
3.14 𝜋
∴ 6.28 = 𝐴 × 12
× cos 12
×4 x = a cos 𝜔𝑡 + b sin 𝜔𝑡 we get a = 5, b = 5
𝜋 𝐴
∴ 2 × 12 = 𝐴 cos 3 = 2
∴ 𝑅 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 = 25 + 25 = 5 2 𝑚
∴ 𝐴 = 48 𝑐𝑚 38. Soln.:- The wooden cube also performs a S.H.M. of
30. Soln.:- 𝜔 𝐴2 − x 2 = 𝜔2 x ∴ 𝐴2 − x 2 = 𝜔x amplitude A.
∴ 𝐴2 − x 2 = 𝜔2 𝑥 2 ∴ 𝐴2 = x 2 𝜔2 + 1 ... (1) The wooden cube does not leave the plank.
4𝜋 2 4𝜋 2 ×3 For this 𝑚𝐴𝜔2 = 𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔𝑕𝑡 (𝑚𝑔)
But 𝜔2 = 𝑇2
= 4𝜋 2
=3 𝑔 𝑔 10 5
2 2 ∴ 𝐴 = 𝜔 2 = 4𝜋 2 𝑛 2 = 9 = 18 𝑚
∴ From (1), 4 = x 3 + 1 = 4x ∴ x = 1 cm 4𝜋 2 × 2
𝜋
𝜋𝑡 𝜋𝑡 2𝜋
31. Soln.:- 𝑦 = 0.4 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 2 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 2 𝑚 39. Soln.:- 𝑉𝑚 = 𝜔𝐴 and 𝜔 = 𝑇
∵ cos 2𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 2
Average speed =
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
=
4𝐴
𝜋𝑡 𝜋𝑡 𝜋𝑡 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑇
∴ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 = cos 2 = cos 𝜋𝑡 4𝐴 4𝐴 2𝐴𝜔 2𝑉𝑚
2 2 2
∴ The given equation is y = 0.4 cos (πt) ∴ 𝐴. 𝑆. = = = =
𝑇 2𝜋/𝜔 𝜋 𝜋
Comparing with y = A cos (𝜔𝑡) we find that the
motion of the particle is a S.H.M. of amplitude 40. Soln.:- x1 = 3 sin(100𝑡 + 𝜃)
𝑑𝑥 1
0.4 m. ∴ v1 = = 3 × 100 × cos(100𝑡 + 𝜃)
𝑑𝑡
32. Soln.:- The machine records the maximum and And x2 = 4 cos(100𝑡)= 4 sin (100t + π/2)
minimum weights. 𝑑𝑥 2
∴ v2 = = 4 × 100 × cos(100𝑡 + 𝜋/2)
The maximum acceleration = A𝜔2 𝑑𝑡
∴ phase diff.=(100t + θ - 100t - π/2)=(θ – π/2)
41. Soln.:- At time, t = 0, the net force acting on the
particle is zero.
∴ a = 0 as m ≠0 i.e. the particle is at the
mean position, where x = 0 and the particle
At the highest point, the weight is maximum and
the maximum reading has maximum velocity at the mean position.
2𝜋 2𝜋
= 𝑚𝑔 + 𝑚𝐴𝜔2 = 𝑚 𝑔 + 𝐴𝜔2 = 𝑚 𝑔 + 4𝜋 2 𝑛2 𝐴 v𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝜔𝐴 = 𝑇
×𝐴= 4
× 4 = 2𝜋 𝑐𝑚/𝑠
−2
𝑅𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 60 10 + 4 × 10 × 4 × 5 × 10 42. Soln.:- 𝛼 = 𝑉𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝐴𝜔 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝐴𝜔2 = 𝛽
= 60 10 + 8 = 1080 𝑁 𝛼2 𝐴2 𝜔 2
1080 ∴ = =𝐴
∴ 𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 = = 108 𝑘𝑔 𝛽 𝐴𝜔 2
10 2𝛼 2
Similarly Minimum Reading ∴ Path length = 𝛽
= 𝑚 𝑔 = 𝐴𝜔2 = 60 10 − 8 = 120 𝑁 43. Soln.:- x = A cos 𝜔𝑡 + 4
𝜋

∴ 𝑅𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 12 𝑘𝑔 𝑑𝑥 𝜋
∴v= = −𝐴𝜔 sin 𝜔𝑡 + 4
𝑑𝑡
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 𝜋 𝜔 = π rad/s
v will be maximum, when sin 𝜔𝑡 + =1
4
π Using these values in (1) and (2), we get
But sin 2 = 1, 1
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
1 = A cos ∅ ∴ cos ∅ = …. From (1)
𝐴
∴ 𝜔𝑡 + 4 = ∴ 𝜔𝑡 = 𝑜𝑟 𝑡 = 4𝜔
2 4 π = -A × π sin (∅) …… from (2)
2𝜋 𝜋
44. Soln.:- Given: 8 2 𝑚 and T = 8 s and 𝜔 = = 1
8 4 ∴ sin ∅ = − 𝐴 ∵ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ∅ + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 ∅ = 1 2

The particle starts from the mean position. 1 1 2

∴ 𝐴2 + 𝐴2 = 1 ∴ 𝐴2 = 1
∴ x = 𝐴 sin 𝜔𝑡
∴ The difference travelled by the particle in ∴ 𝐴2 = 2 ∴ 𝐴 = 2 𝑐𝑚
one second is
49. Soln.:- The displacement of point mass is given by
𝜋
∴ x1 = 8 2 sin ×1 x = x0 cos 𝜔𝑡 −
𝜋
4 4
1
=8 2× = 8 𝑚 = 𝑠1 𝑑𝑥 𝜋
2 ∴v= = −𝜔x0 sin 𝜔𝑡 − 4
𝑑𝑡
And the distance travelled by the particle in 2 s is 𝑑2𝑥 𝜋
𝜋 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎 = = −𝜔2 x0 cos 𝜔𝑡 − 4
x2 = 8 2 sin ×2 = 8 2𝑚 𝑑𝑡 2
4
To bring it in the form 𝑎 = 𝐴 cos 𝜔𝑡 + 𝛿 .. (1)
∴ Distance travelled in second second (𝑠2 ) 𝜋
We have to write 𝑎 = −𝜔2 x0 cos 𝜔𝑡 − 4
as
= x2 − x1 = 8 2 − 8 = 8 2−1 𝑚
𝜋
𝑠2 8 2−1 𝑎 = +𝜔2 x0 cos 𝜋 + 𝜔𝑡 − 4
∴𝑠 = = 2−1 3𝜋
8
1
𝑚𝑔𝐿
= 𝜔2 x0 cos 𝜔𝑡 − 4
…. (2)
𝑚𝑔𝐿
45. Soln.:- Y = ∴ ∆𝑙 = = 𝑒𝑥𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 2
𝐴 ∆𝑙 𝑌𝐴 Comparing (1) and (2), we have A = 𝜔 x0 and
𝑚𝑔 𝑚𝑔 ×𝑌𝐴 𝐴𝑌 3𝜋
∴ Force constant K = = = 𝛿= .
∆𝑙 𝑚𝑔𝐿 𝐿 4
∴ The frequency of vertical oscillation (n) 50. Soln.:- The particle starts from the extreme
1 𝐾 1 𝐴𝑌
position.
= 2𝜋 ∴ 𝑛 = 2𝜋 Comparing x = A cos 𝜔𝑡 and x = 2 × 10−2 cos 𝜋𝑡
𝑚 𝐿𝑚
2𝜋 We get
46. Soln.:- x = A sin 𝜔𝑡 = A sin 𝑡 2𝜋
𝑇
2𝜋
𝜔=𝜋 ∴ =𝜋 ∴𝑇 =2𝑠
𝑇
∴ 10 = 20 sin 𝑡
3 The particle starts from the extreme position,
2𝜋 10 1 𝜋 𝑇 2
∴ sin 𝑡 = 20 = 2 = sin where its sped is zero and after time 4 = 4 =
3 6
2𝜋 𝜋 1 0.5 𝑠, it will reach the mean position, where its
∴ 𝑡= ∴𝑡=4 𝑠
3 6
speed is maximum.
The time taken by the particle to move between
51. Soln.:- The coin will lose the contact with the
two points 10 cm on either side of the mean
1 horizontal plat form, if the amplitude of oscillation
position = 2t = 𝑠.
2 (A) of the vertical oscillation is such that in the
𝜋
47. Soln.:- x1 = 3 sin 2𝜋𝑡 + 4 …… (1) topmost position, the maximum force [mA𝜔2 ] is
x2 = 3 2 sin 2𝑡𝜋 + cos 2𝜋𝑡 more than the weight (mg) of the coin.
1 1 In limiting equilibrium, mA𝜔2 = mg
= 3 2 × 2 sin 2𝜋𝑡 2
+ cos 2𝜋𝑡 2 𝑔
1 𝜋 𝜋 ∴ 𝐴 = 𝜔2
𝐵𝑢𝑡 2
= sin 4 = cos 4
52. Soln.:- When the S.H.M. particle is at position
𝜋 𝜋
∴ x2 = 6 sin 2𝜋𝑡 ∙ cos 4 + cos 2𝜋𝑡 ∙ sin 4 x1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 x2 , its velocities and accelerations at these
𝜋 positions are given by
x2 = 6 sin 2𝜋𝑡 + 4 ….. (2)
𝑢2 = 𝜔2 𝐴2 − x12 ∵ v 2 = 𝜔2 𝐴2 − x 2 .. (1)
∴ From (1) and (2), 𝑎𝑛𝑑 v 2 = 𝜔2 𝐴2 − x22 …. (2)
3 1 2
Amplitude ratio of x1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 x2 = 6 = 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝛼 = 𝜔 x1 … (3) numerically
2
48. Soln.:- x = A cos (𝜔𝑡 + ∅) ...... (1) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝛽 = 𝜔 x2 …. (4) numerically
𝑑x Subtracting (2) from (1), we get
∴ v = 𝑑𝑡 = −𝐴𝜔 sin 𝜔𝑡 + ∅ ..... (2)
𝑢2 − v 2 = 𝜔2 x22 − x12 …. (5)
At time t = 0, x = 1 cm, v = π cm/s, and
And adding (3) and (4), we get
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 𝛼 + 𝛽 = 𝜔2 x1 + x2 …. (6)
Dividing (5) by (6), we get
𝑢 2 −v 2 x22 −x12
= = x2 − x1 … (7)
𝛼 +𝛽 x1 +x2
Thus the distance between the position is
𝑢 2 −v 2
x2 − x1 = 𝛼 +𝛽
4 3
×
The component mg cos θ is balanced by the
𝑇1 𝑡 2 5 5
53. Soln.:- ∴ 𝑇 = = 2 normal reaction 𝑁. The component mg sin θ
4 3 2
𝑇12 +𝑇22 +
5 5 gives the restoring force. It brings back the
12
= 16 9
marble to the position O. For small θ, expressed
25 +
25 25 in radian,
12
∴ 𝑇 = 25 𝑠 R.F. = ma = -mg sin θ ≑ -mg θ
x 𝑔x
54. Soln.:- The particle starts from the mean position. ma = −𝑚𝑔 𝑅 ∴𝑎=− 𝑅
∴ x=A sin 𝜔𝑡 ∴ acceleration per unit displacement
∴ for t =1, x1 = 𝐴 sin 𝜔 =
𝑎
=𝑅
𝑔
x
For t = 2, x2 = 𝐴 sin 2𝜔
2𝜋 𝑅
x1 sin 𝜔 sin 𝜔 ∴𝑇= = 2𝜋
∴ = = 𝑎 𝑔
x2 sin 2𝜔 2 sin 2𝜔 cos 𝜔 x
1 1
= = 2𝜋 2.5 1
2 cos 𝜔 2 cos
𝑇
= 2𝜋 × 10
= 2𝜋 × 2 = 𝜋 = 3.142 𝑠
x1 1 1 1
∴ = 2𝜋 = 1 = 58. Soln.:-
x2 2 cos 2 2
8 2

∴ x2 = 2x1
∴ The distance traveled in the second second
v1 = 8 𝑎𝑡 x, v2 = 7 𝑎𝑡 x+1 and v3 = 4 𝑎𝑡 x+2
𝐷2 = 2x1 − x1 = x1 2 − 1 and 𝐷1 = x1
𝐷1 1 In S.H.M., v = 𝜔 𝐴2 − x 2 ∴ v 2 = 𝜔2 𝐴2 − x 2
∴𝐷 = ∴ 64 = 𝜔2 𝐴2 − x2 …. (1)
2 2−1
2 2 2
55. Soln.:-The mass attached to the end of the wire, 49 = 𝜔 𝐴 − x + 1 … (2)
2
executes a S.H.M. for which 𝜔 =
𝑔 16 = 𝜔2 𝐴 − x + 2 2 …. (3)
𝑙 2 2 2 2 2
∴ 64 − 49 = 𝜔 𝐴 − x − (𝐴 − x + 2x+1 )
𝑔
∴ 𝑙 = 𝜔2 …. (1) ∴ 15 = 𝜔2 −x 2 + (x 2 + 2x + 1) = 𝜔2 2x+1
Where 𝑙 is the extension produced in the wire. ……. (4)
𝑀𝐿𝜔 2 2 2 2 2 2
𝑀𝑔𝐿 𝑀𝑔𝐿 And 64-16 = 𝜔 𝐴 − x − (𝐴 − x + 4x+4 )
But 𝑌 = 𝜋𝑟 2 𝑙
= 𝜋𝑟 2 𝑔/𝜔 2 = 𝐴
48 = 𝜔2 −x 2 + x 2 + 4x + 4 = 𝜔2 4x + 4
0.1×1×140×140
∴𝑌= = 4 × 109 ……. (5)
4.9×10 −7
9 Dividing (4) by (5), we get
𝐵𝑢𝑡 𝑌 = 𝑛 × 10 ∴𝑛=4
15 5 2x+1
56. Soln.:-For a simple harmonic oscillator, = 16 = 4x+4
48
4𝜋 2 𝑎𝑇 4𝜋 2
𝑎 = −𝜔2 x = − x ∴ =− ∴ 20x + 20 = 32x + 16
𝑇2 x 𝑇
1
4𝜋 2 ∴ 12x = 4 ∴x=3
∵ T is constant, is constant.
𝑇 15 15
𝑎𝑇 And from (4), 𝜔2 = = 1 =9
∴ is constant. It does not change with 2x+1 2× +1
3
x
time. ∴ 𝜔 = ±3 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠
1
Other time involve v, which change with time. And from (1), 64 = 9 𝐴2 − 9 = 9𝐴2 − 1
57. Soln.:- 65 65
∴ 9𝐴2 = 65 ∴ 𝐴2 = 9
∴𝐴= 3
And maximum velocity = 𝜔𝐴
65
=3× 3
= 65 𝑚/𝑠

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 𝑀𝑔𝐿 𝑀𝑔𝐿 𝜋
59. Soln.:- 𝑌 = 𝐴𝑒
∴𝑒= = +0.1𝜋 cos 𝜋𝑡 + 2 …. (2)
𝑌𝐴
𝑀𝑔 𝑀𝑔𝑌𝐴 𝑌𝐴 ∴ At time t = 0, the phase difference between
Force constant, 𝐾 = = =
𝑒 𝑀𝑔𝐿 𝐿
v1 and v2 is
𝑚 𝑚𝐿 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
∴ 𝑇 = 2𝜋 = 2𝜋 − 2 = −6
𝐾 𝑌𝐴 3
60. Soln.:- 4v 2 = 25 − x 2 68. Soln.:-
Differentiating w.r.t. t, we get
𝑑𝑣 𝑑x
8v 𝑑𝑡 = −2x 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑣 𝑑x
𝐵𝑢𝑡 𝑑𝑡
= acceleration (a) and 𝑑𝑡 = velocity (v)
∴ 8v𝑎 = −2xv Let x = A sin 𝜔𝑡 + 𝛼 be the equation of S.H.M.
2x x 𝐴
∴𝑎=− = −4 and it is given that x = 2
8
𝐴 1
Thus a ∝ x and is oppositely directed. ∴ = 𝐴 sin 𝜔𝑡 + 𝛼 ∴ sin 𝜔𝑡 + 𝛼 = 2
2
∴ The particle performs S.H.M., for which ∴ 𝜔𝑡 + 𝛼 = 6
𝜋

𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 x
𝑇 = 2𝜋 𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
= 2𝜋 x/4
= 2𝜋 4 The particles is going from O to Q and is at R.
The other particle crosses the first particle at R,
∴ 𝑇 = 2𝜋 × 2 = 4𝜋
but it is the opposite direction and it is going
61. Soln.:-
towards O.
∵ sin 180 − 𝜃 = sin 𝜃 𝑜𝑟 sin 𝜋 − 𝜃 = sin 𝜃
𝜋 5𝜋
∴ The other angle will be 𝜋 − 6 =
𝜇𝑔 6
𝑚𝜔2 𝐴 = 𝜇𝑚𝑔 ∴𝜔= = 2𝜋𝑛 ∴ The phase difference
𝐴
5𝜋 𝜋 4𝜋 2𝜋
1 𝜇𝑔 = −6 = = = 120°
∴ 𝑛 = 2𝜋 6 6 3
𝐴
1 3
69. Soln.:- 𝑦1 = 2 sin 𝜔𝑡 + cos 𝜔𝑡
63. Soln.:- x = 5 2 sin 2𝜋𝑡 + cos 2𝜋𝑡 2
𝜋 𝜋
2 2
= cos 3 sin 𝜔𝑡 + sin 3 cos 𝜔𝑡
∴𝐴= 5 2 + 5 2 = 100 = 10 𝑐𝑚 𝜋
= sin 𝜔𝑡 + …. (1)
3
65. Soln.:- Phase difference = 𝜔1 − 𝜔2 𝑡
2𝜋 2𝜋
And 𝑦2 = sin 𝜔𝑡 + cos 𝜔𝑡
= 𝑇
− 5𝑇/4 𝑡 1 1
= 2 sin 𝜔𝑡 × 2
+ 2 cos 𝜔 × 2
2𝜋 4 2𝜋𝑡
= 1−5 = 𝜋 𝜋
𝑇 5𝑇 = 2 sin 𝜔𝑡 cos 4 + cos 𝜔𝑡 sin 4
For one complete oscillation t = T 𝜋
2𝜋 = 2 sin 𝜔𝑡 + 4 ….. (2)
∴ Phase difference = 5
radian
∴ The phase difference between 𝑦1 and 𝑦2
66. Soln.:- In SHM, displacement x = A sin 𝜔𝑡 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
x = 3 − 4 = 12
∴ 𝐴 = sin 𝜔𝑡 …. (1)
70. Soln.:- Given: P.E. = K.E.
And velocity v = 𝐴𝜔 cos 𝜔𝑡
1 1 1 1
v
∴ 𝐴𝜔 = cos 𝜔𝑡 ….. (2) ∴ 2 𝐾x 2 = 2 𝐾 𝐴2 − x 2 = 2 𝐾𝐴2 − 2 𝐾x 2
𝐴 𝐴
x2 v2 2 2 ∴ 2x 2 = 𝐴2 ∴ x = = 1.414 = 0.71 𝐴
∴ 𝐴2 = 𝐴2 𝜔 2 = sin 𝜔𝑡 + cos 𝜔𝑡 = 1 2
71. Soln.:- 𝐾 = 𝐾0 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜔𝑡, The maximum value of K.E.
∴ This equation represents an ellipse
𝜋 = 𝐾0
67. Soln.:- 𝑦1 = 0.1 sin 100𝜋𝑡 +
3 ∴ Maximum P.E. = Maximum K.E. = 𝐾0
𝑑𝑦1 𝜋 72. Soln.:- For a spring, the P.E.
∴ v1 = = 0.1 100𝜋 𝑐𝑜𝑠 100𝜋𝑡 +
𝑑𝑡 3 1
𝑈1 = 2 𝐾x12 and 𝑈2 = 2 𝐾x22
1
…... (1)
∴ The work done,
And ∵ 𝑦2 = 0.1 cos 𝜋𝑡 1
𝑑𝑦 2 𝑊 = 2 𝐾 x22 − x12
∴ v2 = = −0.1𝜋 sin 𝜋𝑡
𝑑𝑡 1
= 2 × 5 × 103 8 × 10−2 2
− 4 × 10−2 2

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 5 9×2
∴ 𝑊 = 2 × 103 × 48 × 10−4 = 12 𝑁 ∴ v2 = × 10 × 2 = 36 ∴ v = 6 𝑚/𝑠
10
𝐴 81. Soln.:- The P.E. stored in a spring is given by
73. Soln.:- x = 2 and v = 𝜔 𝐴2 − x 2
1 𝐹
1 1 𝐴2 𝑈 = 𝐾x 2 ∴ 𝐹 = 𝐾x ∴ x = 𝐾
∴ 𝐸𝐾 = 2 𝑚v 2 = 2 𝑚𝜔2 𝐴2 − 2
4 1 𝐹2 1 𝐹2
=
3
𝑚𝜔2 𝐴2 ∴ 𝑈 = 2𝐾 =2
𝐾2 𝐾
8
𝑈1 𝑊1 𝐾2
𝐸𝐾
3
𝑚𝜔2 𝐴2 3 ∴ 𝑈 𝑜𝑟 𝑊 = 𝐾 (∵ F is the same for both)
∴ = 81 = 2 2 1
𝐸𝑇 𝑚𝜔2 𝐴2 4 ∵ 𝐾2 < 𝐾1 ∴ 𝑊1 < 𝑊2
2
74. Soln.:- In the first case, its potential energy 82. Soln.:-Since the body starts from the mean position
1 1 𝑑x
𝑈 = 2 𝐾x 2 and 𝑊1 = 2 𝐾x 2 , where K is the force x = A sin 𝜔𝑡 ∴ v = 𝑑𝑡 = 𝐴𝜔 cos 𝜔𝑡
constant of the spring. When it is stretched 1 1
∴ 2 𝑚v 2 = 2 𝑚. 𝐴2 𝜔2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜔𝑡
through a total distance 2x, its potential energy 3
1 2 1 It is given that K.E. = 4 (Total energy)
𝑈2 = 𝐾 2x = 𝐾 4x 2
2 2 1 3 1
1 2 2 ∴ 2 𝑚. 𝐴2 𝜔2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜔𝑡 = 4 𝑚𝜔2 𝐴2
∴ 𝑊2 = 𝑈2 − 𝑈1 = 2 𝐾 4x − x 2
3
1 2
∴ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜔𝑡 = 4
∴ 𝑊2 = 3 𝐾x = 3𝑊1
2 3 𝜋
75. Soln.:- For a particle, performing a linear S.H.M. ∴ cos 𝜔𝑡 = ∴ 𝜔𝑡 = 30° =
2 6
2𝜋 ′ 2𝜋 2𝜋𝑡 𝜋 2𝜋𝑡 𝜋
Max. velocity (v) = 𝐴𝜔 = 𝑇
𝐴 𝑎𝑛𝑑 v = 𝑇′
𝐴′ ∴ = ∴ =
𝑇 6 4 6
v' 2𝜋 𝑇 𝐴′ 𝑇 1
∴ = 𝐴′ × 2𝜋𝐴 = × ∴𝑡=3 𝑠
v 𝑇′ 𝐴 𝑇′
𝐵𝑢𝑡 𝐴′ = 2𝐴 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑇 ′ = 𝑇/3 83. Soln.:-The particle starts from the mean position
v′ 2𝐴 𝑇 2𝜋𝑡
∴ = × =6 ∴ v = 6v ∴ x = 𝐴 sin 𝜔𝑡 = 𝐴 sin
v 𝐴 𝑇/3 𝑇
76. Soln.:- The height through which the child is lifted 𝑇
∴ when 𝑡 = ,
12
= 2- 0.75 = 1.25 m 2𝜋 𝑇 𝜋 𝐴
At the lowest point it has maximum speed (v) x= 𝐴 sin 𝑇 × 12 = 𝐴 sin 6 = 2
1 1
And its K.E. = 2 𝑚v 2
1
∴ K.E. = 2 𝑚v 2 = 2 𝑚𝜔2 𝐴2 − x 2
And its P.E. at the highest point = mgh 1 𝐴2
= 2 𝑚𝜔2 𝐴2 − 4
1
𝑚v 2 = 𝑚𝑔𝑕 3 1
2 𝑚𝜔2 𝐴2
=
4 2
∴v= 2𝑔𝑕 = 2 × 10 × 1.25 = 25 = 5 𝑚/𝑠 1 1 1
and P.E. = 𝑚𝜔2 x 2 = 4 2 𝑚𝜔2 𝐴2
79. Soln.:-The energy is half potential and half kinetic. 2
1 1 1 𝐴2
Thus its K.E. = 2(Total energy) = 2 𝑚𝜔2 𝐴2 ∵ x2 = 4
2
3 1
1 1 1 𝑚𝜔2 𝐴2
∴ 2 𝑚𝜔2 x 2 = 2 𝑚𝜔2 𝐴2 K.E.
∴ P.E. = 4 2
=1
3
2 1 1
𝑚𝜔2 𝐴2
𝐴2 𝐴 4 4 2
x2 = ∴x= = = 2 2 𝑐𝑚 84. Soln.:- P.E. at a displacement x is 𝐸1 = 2 𝐾x 2
1
2 2 2

2𝐸1
∴x= …… (1)
𝐾
80. Soln.:- When the bob is at P, it possesses only P.E. =
1 2𝐸2
mgh and as it is at rest, its T.E. = mgh, where h = 2 and 𝐸2 = 2 𝐾𝑦 2 ∴ 𝑦 = ….. (2)
𝐾
m. when it reaches the lowest point Q, during its
1 2 2𝐸
oscillation, its and 𝐸 = 2 𝐾 x + 𝑦 ∴ x+𝑦 = …. (3)
𝐾
1
P.E. = 0 and K.E. = 2 𝑚v 2 where v is its velocity at 2𝐸1 2𝐸2 2𝐸
∵
𝐾
+ 𝐾
= 𝐾
Q. it loses 10% of its total energy in moving from
P to Q. ∴ 𝐸1 + 𝐸2 = 𝐸
𝑑𝑈
∴ By using the principle of conservation of 85. Soln.:-The P.E. 𝑈 = 𝐾 x 3
∴𝐹= = −𝐾 ∙ 3x 2
𝑑x
1 9
energy, we get 2 𝑚v 2 = 10 𝑚𝑔𝑕 And in S.H.M. x = 𝑎 sin 𝜔𝑡
𝑑2x
and 𝑑𝑡 2 = −𝜔2 x

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 2
𝑚𝑑 x 𝑙+22
𝐹= 2 = −𝑚𝜔2x 𝑇2 = 2𝜋
𝑑𝑡 𝑔
∴ −𝑚𝜔2 x = −𝐾3x 2
𝑇2 120 𝑙+22 36 𝑙+22
3𝐾x ∴ = = ∴ =
𝑇1 100 𝑙 22 𝑙
∴𝜔= 𝑚
∴ 36𝑙 = 25𝑙 + 550
2𝜋 𝑚 𝑚 ∴ 11𝑙 = 550 ∴ 𝑙 = 50 𝑐𝑚
∴𝑇= 𝜔
= 2𝜋 3𝐾x
= 2𝜋 3𝐾(𝑎 sin 𝜔𝑡 )
𝑇 𝑔 𝑔 3𝑔
1 93. Soln.:- 𝑇1 = where 𝑔′ = 𝑔 − 4 =
∴𝑇∝ 2 𝑔′ 4
𝑎
86. Soln.:-In a S.H.M. Restoring force 94. Soln.:-Let g’ be the acceleration due to gravity on
F = −Kx =−𝑚𝜔2 x the planet.
1 1
1
And P.E. = 2 𝑚𝜔2 x 2 = 𝑈 ∵ 𝑠 = 2 𝑔′𝑡 2 ∴ 18 = 2 × 𝑔′ × 32
2𝑈 ∴ The period of simple pendulum
∴ 𝑚𝜔2 =
x2
2𝑈 2𝑈 𝑙 1
∴ 𝐹 = −𝑚𝜔2 x = − x2 × x = − 𝑇 = 2𝜋 𝑔′
= 2𝜋 4
=𝜋
x
2𝑈 2𝑈
∴ = −𝐹 𝑜𝑟 = −x ∴ 𝑇 = 3.14 𝑠
x 𝐹
2𝑈 95. Soln.:-When the child stands, the c.g. of the system
∴ 𝐹
+x=0
goes up.
87. Soln.:- For a simple harmonic oscillator, Hence L is decreased and T is increased.
1
𝐸 = 2 𝐾𝐴2 𝑇2 𝐿2
96. Soln.:- = = 1.1 ∴ 𝑇2 − 𝑇1 = 0.1 𝑇 = 10%
Where A is the amplitude and K is a force 𝑇1 𝐿1

constant. 97. Soln.:-

Both oscillators have the same K.
1 1
∴ 𝐸1 = 2 𝐾(2𝑎)2 and 𝐸2 = 2 𝐾(𝑎)2
𝐸1 4𝑎 2
∴ = = 4 ∴ 𝐸1 = 4𝐸2
𝐸2 𝑎2
1 P.E. of the bob of the bob at A = K.E. of the bob
88. Soln.:- K.E. = 2 𝑚𝜔2 𝐴2 − x 2 1
at B 𝑚𝑔𝐿 = 2 𝑚v 2 ∴ v 2 = 2𝑔𝐿
1
P.E. = 2 𝑚𝜔2 x 2 𝑚 v2
At the lowest point, a centrifugal force 𝑟
also
𝐾.𝐸. 𝐴2 −x2 𝐴2
∴ 𝑃.𝐸.
= x2 = x2 − 1 act on the bob.
𝐴2 𝐾.𝐸. ∴ Tension in the string
∴ x2
= 1 + 𝑃.𝐸.
𝑚 v2 𝑚 v2
𝐴2 0.5 𝑇 = 𝑚𝑔 + = 𝑚𝑔 +
∴ x2
= 1 + 0.4 = 2.25 = (1.5)2 𝑟 𝐿
𝑚
𝐴 = 𝑚𝑔 +𝐿× 2𝑔𝐿 = 3𝑚𝑔
∴ x
= 1.5 ∴ 𝐴 = 1.5x = 1.5(0.04)
98. Soln.:-As more and more sand particles come out,
∴ 𝐴 = 0.06 𝑚
the centre of mass is shifted downwards and the
89. Soln.:-New acceleration = g + a = 4g
effective length of the simple pendulum increased
𝑙 1 𝑙 1 and as 𝑇 ∝ 𝐿 period increases. But afterwards it is
∴ 𝑇2 = 2𝜋 = ∙ 2𝜋 = 𝑇1
4𝑔 2 𝑔 2 shifted upwards and hence L decreases and T
increases.
1 𝐴
90. Soln.:- 𝐸 = 2 𝑚𝜔2 𝐴2 99. Soln.:- At x = 2
1
∴ 32 × 10−5 = × 100 × 10−3 × 𝜔2 × 4 × 10−4 The magnitude of velocity, v = 𝜔 𝐴2 − x 2
2
∴ 𝜔2 = 16 ∴𝜔=4 𝐴2 3𝐴𝜔
v = 𝜔 𝐴2 − =
2𝜋 𝜋 𝑢 2
∴ =4 ∴𝑇= = 1.571 𝑠
𝑇 2 and the magnitude of acceleration
𝑇2 𝑙 1 +1.2 4 𝑙 1 +1.2 𝐴
91. Soln.:- = ∴ = = 𝜔2 x = 𝜔2
𝑇1 𝑙1 1 𝑙1 2

4𝑙1 = 𝑙1 . +1.2 ∴ 𝑙1 = 0.4 𝑚 ∴ It is given that

𝐴 3
92. Soln.:- For a simple pendulum 𝜔2 2
= 2
𝐴𝜔
𝑙 2𝜋 2𝜋
𝑇1 = 2𝜋 𝑔
𝜔= 3 ∴ = 3 ∴𝑇= 𝑠
𝑇 3

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 1
100. Soln.:- 𝐸 = 𝑚𝜔2 𝐴2 104. Soln.:- 𝑇1 = 2𝜋
𝑙
and 𝑇2 = 2𝜋
𝑙
2
𝑔 𝑔′
1 𝑔
𝐸 = 2 𝑚 𝑙 𝐴2 𝑇12 𝑔′
∴ = …… (1)
1 𝑇22 𝑔
∴ 𝐸∝𝑙
𝐸2 𝑙 2𝑙 2
It is given that 𝑦 = 𝐾𝑡 2
∴ = 𝑙1 = =2 𝑑𝑦 𝑑2𝑦
𝐸1 2 𝑙2 ∴ 𝑑𝑡
= 2𝐾𝑡 and 𝑑𝑡 2 = 2𝐾 = 2 × 1 = 2 𝑚/𝑠 2
∴ 𝐸2 = 2𝐸1 ∴ If 𝑙 is halved, the energy is
∴ The point of suspension is moving upwards
doubled.
with an acceleration a = 2 m/𝑠 2 .
101. Soln.:- When the shorter pendulum completes n
∴ The effective acceleration acting on the
oscillations, the longer pendulum will complete
pendulum will be g’ = g + a = 10 + 2 = 12 m/𝑠 2
(n – 1) oscillation.
𝑇2 𝑔′ 12 6
∴ 𝑛𝑇1 = 𝑛 − 1 𝑇2 ∴ 𝑇12 = 𝑔
= 10 = 5
2
𝑙1 𝑙2
𝑛 × 2𝜋 = 𝑛 − 1 2𝜋
𝑔 𝑔
105. Soln.:-For a simple pendulum, oscillating with very
𝑛 𝑙2 1.6 small angular displacement, the oscillation are
∴ 𝑛−1
= 𝑙1
= 0.4
=2
treated as linear SHM’s. we can apply the formulae
∴ 𝑛 = 2𝑛 − 2 ∴ 𝑛 = 2
of linear SHM.
102. Soln.:-When the bob of the simple pendulum is
For a linear SHM, x = a sin 𝜔𝑡
immersed in liquid, the effective weight of the bob
For a displacement x, its P.E. and K.E. are given
= mg – upthrust of the liquid (mg’)
by
𝑑 1
But mg’ = v × d × g – v × 20 × g = vdg 1 − 20 1
𝑈 = 𝑚𝜔2 x2 ….. (1)
2
∴ The effective acceleration g’ 1
1 19
𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑇 = 2 𝑚𝜔2 𝑎2 − x 2 …… (2)
=𝑔 1− 20
= 20
𝑔 𝑇 𝑎 2 −x 2
∴𝑈= x2
𝑙
But 𝑇 = 2𝜋 𝑔 106. Soln.:-
𝑇 𝑔 𝑔 20
∴ 𝑇2 = 𝑔′
= 19 = 19
1 𝑔
20

20
∴ 𝑇2 = 19
𝑇1
103. Soln.:- Maximum tension is at O and minimum
tension is at A.
The trolley is moving towards right with an
By the principle of conservation at energy
acceleration a. as the pendulum is in an
K.E. at O = P.E. at A
accelerated frame of reference, a fictitious force
1
∴ 2 𝑚v 2 = 𝑚𝑔𝑕 = 𝑚𝑔𝑙 1 − cos 𝜃 ma acts on the bob in the backward direction.
∴ v 2 = 2𝑔𝑙 1 − cos 𝜃 The thread makes an angle θ with the vertical,
𝑚𝑎 𝑎 𝑎
such that tan θ 𝑚𝑔 = 𝑔 𝑜𝑟 𝜃 = tan−1 𝑔
In the backward direction.
107. Soln.:-

𝑚 v2
𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑚𝑔 + 𝑙
𝑚
= 𝑚𝑔 + 𝑙 2𝑔𝑙(1 − cos 𝜃) 𝑕 = 𝑙 − 𝑙 cos 60° = 𝑙(1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠60°)
3 𝑚𝑔 − 2 𝑚𝑔 cos 𝜃 By using the principle of conservation of energy
And 𝑇𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝑚𝑔 cos 𝜃 P.E. 𝐴 + K.E. 𝐴 = 𝑃. 𝐸. 𝐵 𝐾. 𝐸. 𝐵
∵ 𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 3 𝑇𝑚𝑖𝑛 1 1
∴ 0 + 2 𝑚v 2 = 𝑚𝑔𝑙 1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠60° + 2 𝑚v𝐵2
∴ 3 𝑚𝑔 − 2 𝑚𝑔 cos 𝜃 = 3 𝑚𝑔 cos 𝜃 1 1 1
3 ∴ 2 × 32 = 10 × 0.5 1 − 2 + 2 v𝐵2
∴ 3 = 5 cos 𝜃 ∴ cos 𝜃 = 5

Pravin Dharme Physics Classes

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 1
9 = 10 × 2 + v𝐵2
∴ 9 − 5 = v𝐵2 ∴ v𝐵 = 2 𝑚/𝑠
108. Soln.:- For a simple pendulum,
𝑙 𝑙
𝑇 = 2𝜋 𝑔
= 2𝜋 10
…… (1) The tension in the string is maximum, when the
But when it is moved upwards, with an bob is at the equilibrium position O. it is moving
acceleration (a), its effective acceleration in a circle of radius r = 𝑙.
𝑚 v2
becomes g’ = g + a. 𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑚𝑔 + 𝑟
….. (1)
𝑑v
In this case, v = kt ∴𝑎= = 𝑘 = 4.4 𝑚/𝑠 2 When it is at C, its total energy (𝐸𝐶 ) = mgh and
𝑑𝑡
′
∴ 𝑔 = 𝑔 + 𝑎 = 10 + 4.4 = 14.4 𝑚/𝑠 2 when it is at O its total energy
1
′ 𝑙 𝑙 (𝐸𝑂 ) = K.E. = 2 𝑚v 2
∴ 𝑇 = 2𝜋 𝑔+𝑎
= 2𝜋 14.4 1
∵ 𝐸𝐶 = 𝐸𝑂 ∴ 𝑚𝑔𝑕 = 2 𝑚v 2 ∴ v 2 = 2𝑔𝑕 … (2)
𝑇′ 10 1
∴ = = Using (2) in (1), we get
𝑇 14.4 1.2
𝑇 3 5 𝑚 (2𝑔𝑕)
∴ 𝑇′ = = 1.2 = 2 = 2.5 𝑠 𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑚𝑔 + 𝑙
∵𝑟=𝑙
1.2
2𝑕
109. Soln.:- = 𝑚𝑔 1+ ….. (3)
𝑙
From the figure,
𝜃
𝑕 = 𝑙 − 𝑙 cos 𝜃 = 𝑙(1 − cos 𝜃) = 𝑙 ∙ 2𝑠𝑖𝑛2 .. (4)
2
𝑎𝑟𝑐
∵ ∠ = 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠
𝑂𝐶 𝐴
∴ 𝜃= 𝑙 =𝑙 (∵arc = amplitude A)
The bob moves in a circle of radius L. when it
𝜃 𝐴
is at A, the centripetal force of magnitude ∴ =
2 2𝑙
𝑚 v2 And for small angles, sin θ ≑ θ
𝐿
is provided by T – mg cos α
𝜃 𝐴 2 𝐴2
𝑚 v2 ∴ 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 ≑ = 4𝑙 2 …… (5)
∴ 𝑇 − 𝑚𝑔 cos 𝛼 = 𝐿 2 2𝑙
𝐴2 𝐴2
𝑚 v2 v2 ∴ from (4), h = 𝑙 ∙ 2 ∙ =
∴𝑇= 𝐿
+ mg cos α = 𝑚 𝐿
+ 𝑔 cos 𝛼 4𝑙 2 2𝑙 2
2𝑕 2𝐴2 𝐴2 𝐴 2
And the net force, ∴ = = = …. (6)
𝑙 2𝑙∙𝑙 𝑙2 𝑙
2 𝑚 v2 2 Using (6) in (3), we get
𝐹= 𝑚𝑔 sin 𝛼 +
𝐿 𝐴 2
𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑚𝑔 1 + …… (7)
v4 𝑙
= 𝑚 𝑔2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝛼 +
𝐿2 This is option (a).
110. Soln.:- For a second’s pendulum T = 2 s 114. Soln.:- Given: m = 0.25 kg and b = 0.05 kg/s
𝑔𝑒
and 𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑜𝑛 = 6
The initial mechanical energy of a harmonic
1
𝐿𝑒 oscillator at time t = 0 is 𝐸1 = 𝐾𝐴2
𝑇𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑡 𝑕 = 2𝜋 𝑔𝑒
…… (1) 2
But because of damping, its energy at time t
𝐿𝑚𝑜𝑜𝑛
𝑇𝑚𝑜𝑜𝑛 = 2𝜋 …… (2) becomes
𝑔𝑚
−𝑏𝑡
1
It is given that 𝑇𝑒 = 𝑇𝑚 = 2𝑠 𝐸2 = 2 𝐾𝐴2 𝑒 𝑚 where b is the damping
𝐿𝑒 𝐿𝑚 constant.
∴From (1) and (2), =
𝑔𝑒 𝑔𝑚 𝐸1
It is given that at time t, 𝐸2 =
𝐿𝑚 𝑔𝑚 1 𝐿𝑒 1 2
∴ = = ∴ 𝐿𝑚 = = 𝑚 𝐸 1
𝐿𝑒 𝑔𝑒 6 6 6 ∴ 𝐸1 = −𝑏𝑡
2
𝑙 𝑒 𝑚
111. Soln.:- 𝑇1 = 2𝜋 𝑔
, 𝐸1 𝑏𝑡
𝑏𝑡
∴ 𝐸1 = 2 = 𝑒𝑚 ∴ 𝑚
= log 𝑒 2
𝑅 2 𝑅 2 𝑔 2
𝑔𝑕 = 𝑔 𝑅+𝑕
=𝑔 2𝑅
= 4 𝑚 log 𝑒 2 0.25×log 𝑒 2
∴𝑡= 𝑏
= 0.05
4𝑙 𝑇 𝑙 𝑔 1
∴ 𝑇2 = 2𝜋 𝑔
∴ 𝑇1 = 𝑔
× 4𝑙 = 2 ∴ 𝑡 = 5 log 𝑒 2
2

112. Soln.:-

Pravin Dharme Physics Classes

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 115. Soln.:- For a damped harmonic oscillator, the 1 𝐹2 1 𝐹2
∴ 𝑤1 = 2 𝐾 𝐾 2 = 2 𝐾
amplitude, 𝐴 = 𝐴0 𝑒 −𝜆𝑡 where 𝜆 is the decay
Since the same force is used.
constant. 1 𝐹2 1 𝐹2
𝐴 Similarly, 𝑤2 = 2 2𝐾 =2
Thus when t = 1 minute, A = 0 4𝐾 2 2𝐾
2 𝑤
𝐴0 −𝜆×1 1 ∴ 𝑤 1 = 2 𝑜𝑟 𝑤1 = 2𝑤2
∴ 2 = 𝐴0 𝑒 ∴ 2 = 𝑒 𝑜𝑟 𝑒 𝜆 = 2
−𝜆 2

𝐴 𝐴 𝐴 121. Soln.:- The extension is 0.25 m for a load of

∴For t = 3, A = 𝐴0 𝑒 −3𝜆 = 3𝜆0 = 𝜆0 3 = 30
𝑒 𝑒 2 10 kg wt
𝐴 𝐹 10×𝑔
But it is given that 𝐴 = x0 ∴𝐾= x
= 0.25
= 40 × 9.8 = 98 × 4 𝑁/𝑚
3 For the oscillating spring,
∴x=2
𝐾 𝑚 𝑚 4𝜋 2 𝑚
116. Soln.:- 𝜔 = for a spring 𝑇 = 2𝜋 𝑇 = 2𝜋 𝐾
∴ 𝑇2 = 𝐾
𝑚 𝐾
𝑇2𝐾 𝜋2 98×4 98
∴𝜔=
50
= 5 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠 ∴𝑚= 4𝜋 2
= 100 × 4𝜋 2
= 100 = 0.98 𝑘𝑔
2
𝑚
The block performs a S.H.M. o amplitude 122. Soln.:- For the oscillating spring T = 2𝜋 𝐾
A = 10 cm = 0.1 m, and 𝜔 = 5 rad/s. As it starts
Where m is the mass suspended from the spring.
from the mean position; its displacement
If x is the extension produced in the spring, then
equation is x = A sin 𝜔𝑡
mg = Kx.
𝑑x
∴v= = 𝐴𝜔 cos 𝜔𝑡 = 0.1 × 5 × cos 5𝑡 ∴ Spring constant K =
𝑚𝑔
𝑑𝑡
x
∴ v = 0.5 cos 5𝑡 𝑚/𝑠 𝑚 x
117. Soln.:- 𝑉𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝜔𝐴 = 2𝜋𝑛𝐴 ∴ 𝑇 = 2𝜋 𝑚𝑔 = 2𝜋
𝑔
x
𝑉𝑚𝑎𝑥 0.47 (𝑚 𝑠 )
∴𝐴= = 1 x
2𝜋𝑛 2×𝜋×
𝜋
But T = 2π ∴ 2𝜋 = 2𝜋 𝑔
∴x=𝑔
−1
= 0.2 𝑚 = 2 × 10 𝑚
1
When the mass m is removed, the spring will
And ∵ 𝐸 = 𝐾𝐴2 for a spring have its original unstretched length i.e., its length
2
2𝐸 2×5 10
∴𝐾 = 𝐴2 = 2×10 −1 2 = 4×10 −2 = 250 𝑁/𝑚 decreases by x.
118. Soln.:- Original mass = 0.1 + 0.3 + 0.4 = 0.8 kg ∴ Decrease in length = x = g metre.
When the 0.4 kg mass is removed, the remaining 123. Soln.:- F = 2 × 10 = 20 N ∵ 𝐹 = 𝐾x
𝐹 20
mass 0.4 kg ∴𝐾= x
= 0.05 = 400 𝑁/𝑚
𝑚 1 +𝑚 2 0.4 Total extension = 5 + 5 = 10 cm = 0.1 m
∴ 𝑇2 = 2𝜋 ∴ 2 = 2𝜋 … (1)
𝐾 𝐾 1 1 1 2
∴ Final P.E. = 2 𝐾x 2 = 2 × 400 × =2𝐽
When 0.3 kg mass is removed, then remaining 10

mass = 0.1 kg The amplitude of oscillation is only 5 cm (and not

10 cm.) 5 cm is the equilibrium position.
0.1
∴ 𝑇2 = 2𝜋 𝐾
…… (2) 𝑀 𝑀+3
124. Soln.:- 𝑇1 = 2𝜋 and 𝑇2 = 2𝜋
𝐾 𝐾
∴ Dividing (2) by (1), we get
𝑇 𝑀+3 𝑀+3
∴
𝑇2
=
0.1
=
1
∴ 𝑇2 = 𝑇1 𝑠 ∴ 𝑇2 = 2 = 𝑀
∴4= 𝑀
2 0.4 2 1

119. Soln.:- For a loaded spring of spring constant K ∴ 4𝑀 = 𝑀 + 3 ∴ 𝑀 = 1 𝑘𝑔

𝑚
and extension x, 125. Soln.:-For the spring 𝑇 = 2𝜋
𝐹 𝑚𝑔 𝐾
𝐾= x
= x 4𝜋 2 𝑚 𝑇2𝐾
∴ 𝑇2 = ∴𝑚=
𝑚 𝑚x x 𝐾 4𝜋 2
∴ 𝑇 = 2𝜋 = 2𝜋 = 2𝜋 𝑇 2 𝐾𝑔
𝐾 𝑚𝑔 𝑔 ∴ Weight of mass = mg = 4𝜋 2
𝑇
∴ 𝑇1 =
x1
=
4
=
1 126. Soln.:-The two spring are in parallel.
2 x2 12 3
∴ The effective spring constant
𝐹
120. Soln.:- For a spring F = -Kx ∴ x = 𝐾 = 𝐾1 + 𝐾2 = 8 + 2 = 10 𝑁/𝑚
𝐾
1
For the first spring, 𝑤1 = 2 𝐾1 x12 ∴ 𝑇 = 2𝜋
𝑚
= 2𝜋
0.4
= 2𝜋
4
𝐾𝑒𝑓𝑓 10 100
𝐹
But 𝐾1 = 𝐾 and x1 = 𝐾 2
= 2𝜋 × 10 = 0.4𝜋
Pravin Dharme Physics Classes
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 127. Soln.:- If the mass M is displaced to the right 𝑚 16 4
∴ 𝐾
= 4𝜋 2 = 𝜋 2
through a small distance x towards right, the spring And when the mass is at rest, the spring is
A gets elongated by a distance x. stretched through a distance x.
∴ Restoring force due to A is F = -Kx towards left The stretching force mg = Restoring force (Kx)
∴ 𝑚𝑔 = 𝐾x
𝑚 4 4×10
∴x= 𝑔 ∴x= 𝑔 = = 4 𝑐𝑚
𝐾 𝜋2 10
The spring B gets compressed by a distance x 133. Soln.:- For two springs,
∴ Restoring force due to B is 𝐹2 =-Kx towards 𝑇1 = 2𝜋
𝑚
, 𝑇2 = 2𝜋
𝑚
𝐾1 𝐾2
left.
1 1
Thus both forces are acting towards left. ∴ 𝑇12 + 𝑇22 = 4𝜋 2 𝑚 +
𝐾1 𝐾2
∴ The net force F = 𝐹1 + 𝐹2 = -2Kx and the spring 4𝜋 2 𝑚 𝐾1 +𝐾2
𝑇12 + 𝑇22 = ….. (1)
constant of the system = 2K as F = -2Kx. 𝐾1 +𝐾2

The mass M performs a SHM of frequency When the springs are joined in series, the
1 𝐾′ 1 2𝐾
effective force constant is given by
𝑛 = 2𝜋 = 2𝜋 1 1 1 𝐾1 +𝐾2
𝑀 𝑀
𝐾
=𝐾 +𝐾 = 𝐾1 𝐾2
1 2
𝐾 𝐾 𝐾
128. Soln.:- 𝜔 = 𝑚
𝑜𝑟 𝐾 = 𝐾 1+𝐾2 and for the combined spring
1 2

Since their maximum velocities are equal, 𝑚 𝑚 (𝐾1 +𝐾2 )

𝑇 = 2𝜋 𝐾
= 2𝜋 𝐾1 𝐾2
∴ 𝜔1 𝐴1 = 𝜔2 𝐴2
4𝜋 2 𝑚 (𝐾1 +𝐾2 )
∴
𝐾1
𝐴1 =
𝐾2
𝐴2 ∴ 𝑇2 = 𝐾1 𝐾2
…… (2)
𝑚 𝑚
From (1) and (2) 𝑇 = 𝑇12 + 𝑇22 2
But the masses are equal.
134. Soln.:-
∴ 𝐴1 𝐾1 = 𝐴2 𝐾2
𝐴 𝐾2
∴ 𝐴1 = 𝐾1
2

129. Soln.:-The block will perform a vertical S.H.M. When it is at its mean position, its energy
1
when it is in the extreme low position, the = 𝑚v 2
2
extension in the spring is maximum. And at a distance x from the mean position, it
Let it be x. stops or it is at the extreme position. Its total
Then the work done by the weight of block energy
= P.E. stores in the spring 1
1 2 𝑀𝑔
= 𝑃. 𝐸. = 2 𝐾x 2 = P.E.of spring
∴ 𝑀𝑔x = 𝐾x 2 ∴x=
2 𝐾 ∴ By principle of conservation of energy
𝐾 10
130. Soln.:- ∴ 𝜔 = = = 1 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠 1 1 𝑚 v2 𝑚
𝑚 10
2
𝑚v 2 = 2 𝐾x 2 ∴ x 2 = 𝐾
∴x=v 𝐾
In S.H.M. v = 𝜔 𝐴2 − x 2
1
∴ v 2 = 𝜔2 𝐴2 − x 2 = 𝜔2 𝐴2 − 𝜔2 x2 135. Soln.:- The elastic energy of a spring = 𝐾x 2
2
4 4 1 2 1 2 1
∴ 10 × 10 = 1 − 1 × x2 Since their energies are equal, 𝐾 x , 𝐾 x2
2 1 1 2 2 2
2
1 16
∴ x 2 = 4 − 100 = 100 ∴ x = 10 = 0.3 𝑚
9 3 ∴ 𝐾1 x12 = 𝐾2 x22 …… (1)
But ∵ 𝐹 = 𝐾x
𝑀 5𝑇 𝑀+𝑚
131. Soln.:- T = 2𝜋 and = 2𝜋 𝐹
∴ x = 𝐾 𝑎𝑛𝑑 x1 = 𝐾1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 x1 = 𝐾2
𝐹 𝐹
𝐾 4 𝐾
1 2
5
4
𝑇 𝑀+𝑚 25 𝑀+𝑚 𝐹12 𝐹22
∴ = ∴ 16 = 𝑀 ∴ 𝐾1 × 𝐾12
= 𝐾2 × 𝐾22
𝑇 𝑀
25 𝑚 𝑚 9 𝐹2 𝐹2 𝐹 𝐾1
∴ 16
−1 =𝑀 ∴ 𝑀 = 16 ∴ 𝐾1 = 𝐾2 ∴ 𝐹1 =
1 2 2 𝐾2
132. Soln.:-For an oscillating mass,
136. Soln.:- When 𝑚1 is removed, only the mass 𝑚2 is
𝑚
𝑇 = 2𝜋 left.
𝐾
Let x1 be the extension in equilibrium, when only
𝑚 𝑚
∴ 4 = 2𝜋 𝐾
∴ 16 = 4𝜋 2 𝐾
𝑚2 is suspended.
Pravin Dharme Physics Classes
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 Then, 𝐾x1 = 𝑚2 𝑔 ∴ the force acting on the particle is a negative
𝑚 2𝑔
∴ x1 = …… (1) sine function. The graph (c) is the correct force-
𝐾
Let x2 be the extension when both 𝑚1 and 𝑚2 time graph of the particle.
𝐿
are suspended, then 141. Soln.:-𝑇 2 = 4𝜋 2 𝑔
𝑚 1 +𝑚 2 𝑔 4𝜋 2
∴ 𝐾x2 = 𝐾
…… (2) ∴ 2 log 𝑇 = log 𝐿 + log 𝑔
∴ Amplitude of oscillation, 1 1 4𝜋 2
𝑔 ∴ log 𝑇 = 2 log 𝐿 = log
𝐴 = x2 − x1 = 𝐾 𝑚1 + 𝑚2 − 𝑚2 2 𝑔
𝑚 1𝑔 This is of the form y = mx + c
𝐴= 𝐾
…. (3) 1
∴ It is a straight line with a slope .
137. Soln.:- 2
142. Soln.:-For the first curve, one oscillation is
completed in 8 sec.
Period 𝑇1 = 8 𝑠
When the block B is moved towards the wall 1, 1 1
∴ frequency 𝑛1 = = 𝐻𝑧
𝑇1 8
through a distance x, the spring 𝑆1 is compressed
For the second curve, one oscillation is
and the P.E. stored in the spring is increased. It is
1 1
completed in 4 sec.
𝑈1 = 2 𝐾1 x 2 = 2 𝐾x 2 ∴ Period 𝑇2 = 4 𝑠 and frequency
When the block B is released, it starts moving 1
𝑛2 = 𝑇 = 4 𝐻𝑧
1

towards left, and compresses the spring 𝑆2 , 2

𝑛 1 8 1 1
through a maximum distance y. the P.E. stored in ∴ 𝑛1 = 1 4
= 2 𝑜𝑟 𝑛1 = 2 𝑛2
2
the spring 𝑆2 is Thus (c) is the correct option.
1 1
𝑈2 = 𝐾 𝑦2
2 2
= 2
4𝐾 𝑦 2 = 2𝐾𝑦 2 143. Soln.:- The time period does not depend upon the
From the principle of conservation of energy material of the bob of the pendulum.
𝑈1 = 𝑈2 144. Soln.:- From the graph we find that when the
1 particle P is at A or extreme position, particle Q is
∴ 𝐾x 2 = 2𝐾𝑦 2 ∴ x 2 = 4𝑦 2 or x = 2y
2 𝐴
𝑦 1 at a distance of 2
from the mean position. Using x
∴ =
x 2 𝐴
𝑚 𝑚
= A sin (𝜔𝑡) and x = 2
, we get
138. Soln.:-𝑡1 = 2𝜋 𝐾1
∴ 𝑡12 = 4𝜋 2 𝐾 𝐴
1 = 𝐴 sin 𝜔𝑡
2 2
4𝜋 𝑚
∴ 𝐾1 = 2 ….. (1) ∴ sin 𝜔𝑡 =
1
= sin
𝜋
𝑜𝑟 𝜔𝑡 = 4 for Q
𝜋
𝑡1
2 4
𝑚 𝑚 𝜋
And 𝑡2 = 2𝜋 𝐾2
∴ 𝑡22 = 4𝜋 2 𝐾 While for P, phase = 2
2
2
4𝜋 𝑚 ∵ 𝐴 = 𝐴 sin 𝜔𝑡1 ∴ 𝜔𝑡1 = 1
∴ 𝐾2 = 2
𝑡2
…… (2) 𝜋
∴ 1 = sin 2
= sin 𝜔𝑡1
And when they are joined in parallel, 𝜋
Phase 𝜔𝑡1 =
K = 𝐾1 + 𝐾2 2
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
𝑚 𝑚 ∴ Phase difference = 2 − 4 = 4 radian
2 2
And 𝑡 = 2𝜋 ∴ 𝑡 = 4𝜋
𝐾1 +𝐾2 𝐾1 +𝐾2 145. Soln.:- x = A sin 𝜔𝑡 and a = −𝜔2 𝐴 sin 𝜔𝑡 = −𝜔2 x
4𝜋 2 𝑚 𝐹
And 𝐾1 + 𝐾2 = ….. (3) 146. Soln.:- ∵ Spring constant K = x
𝑡2
𝐹 𝐹 𝐹
∴ from (1), (2) and (3), ∴ 𝐾1 = ∴ x1 = or x2 =
x1 𝐾1 𝐾2
4𝜋 2 𝑚 4𝜋 2 𝑚 4𝜋 2 𝑚
= + 1 1 𝐹2 1 𝐹2
𝑡 2 𝑡12 𝑡 22 ∴ 𝑊1 = 2 𝐾1 x12 = 2 𝐾1 𝐾12
= 2𝐾
−2 −2 −2 1
∴ 𝑡 = 𝑡1 + 𝑡2 1 1 𝐹2 1 𝐹2
And 𝑊2 = 𝐾 x2 = 𝐾2 2 =
139. Soln.:-The displacement time graph shown In the 2 2 2 2 𝐾2 2 𝐾2
figure, corresponds to the S.H.M. equation Since the same force is applied
X = A sin 𝜔𝑡 𝑊1 𝐾2
∴ = 𝑏𝑢𝑡 𝐾1 > 𝐾2
𝑑x 𝑊2 𝐾1
2
∴v= = 𝐴𝜔 cos 𝜔𝑡 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎 = −𝐴𝜔 sin 𝜔𝑡 ∴ 𝑊2 > 𝑊1 𝑜𝑟 𝑊1 < 𝑊2
𝑑𝑡
∴ Force acting on the particle
= 𝐹 = 𝑚𝑎 = −𝑚𝐴𝜔2 sin 𝜔𝑡 = −𝑚𝜔2 𝐴𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜔𝑡
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 147. Soln.:- When the S.H.M. particle of mass 𝑚1 And v 2 = 𝜔2 𝐴2 − x22
passes through the mean position, it has maximum ∴ v 2 − 𝑢2 = 𝜔2 𝐴2 − x22 − 𝐴2 + x12
K.E. = 𝜔2 x12 − x22 = 𝜔2 x1 + x2 x1 − x2
1
𝐾𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 2 𝑚1 𝜔2 𝐴2 where A is the amplitude. From (1), 𝛼 + 𝛽 = 𝜔2 x1 + x2
∴ v 2 − 𝑢2 = 𝛼 + 𝛽 x1 − x2
1
In the second case, 𝐾𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 2 (𝑚1 + 𝑚2 )𝜔2 𝐴12 v 2 −𝑢 2
∴ x1 − x2 =
1 1 𝛼+𝛽
Then 2 𝑚1 𝜔2 𝐴2 = 2 (𝑚1 + 𝑚2 )𝜔2 𝐴12
∴ The distance between the two positions is
∴ 𝑚1 𝐴2 = (𝑚1 + 𝑚2 )𝐴12 given by
𝐴1 𝑚1 1 2 𝑢 2 −v 2
∴ 𝐴
= 𝑚 1 +𝑚 2
x2 − x1 =
𝛼 +𝛽
…. Option (a)
𝑇 𝑔′ 𝜍 _______________________________________________
148. Soln.:- ∴ 𝑇 = 𝑔
= 1−𝜌
1

Where
𝜍= density of liquid (water) = 1 g/cc= 103 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
And 𝜌= density of the material of the bob
9
= × 103 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
8

𝑇 10 3 8 1 1
∴ = 1−9 = 1− = =
𝑇1 ×10 3 9 9 3
8

∴ 𝑇1 = 3 𝑇
149. Soln.:- The particle starts from rest. The
displacement of the S.H.M. particle
= x= A sin 𝜔𝑡
𝑑x
And its velocity = v = 𝑑𝑡 = 𝐴𝜔 cos 𝜔𝑡 …. (1)
2𝜋 2𝜋 𝜋
In this case, 𝜔 = = = 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠 and
𝑇 16 8
v = π m/s.
Using (1), we get
𝜋 𝜋
𝜋=𝐴 8
cos
8
×2
𝐴 𝜋 𝐴 1 𝐴
∴1= 8
cos 4 = 8 × 2
=8 2
∴ 𝐴 =8 2𝑚 ….. Option (d)
1
150. Soln.:- P.E. = 2
𝑀𝜔2 𝐴2
𝐿
For the simple pendulum, 𝑇 = 2𝜋
𝑔

𝑇 𝐿 2𝜋 2
∴ 2𝜋 = 𝑔
∴𝜔= 𝑇
= 𝐿
1 1 𝑔 𝑀𝑔𝐴2
∴ P.E. = 2 𝑀𝜔2 × 𝐴2 = 2 𝑀 ∙ 𝐿
∙ 𝐴2 = 2𝐿
.. Option (a)

151. Soln.:- Let A be the amplitude of S.H.M.

Let x1 be the distance (displacement) of the
particle when the velocity is u and acceleration is
α.
And let x2 be the distance (displacement) of the
particle when the velocity is v and the acceleration is
𝛽.
Let 𝜔 be the angular frequency.
Then α = 𝜔2 x1 (numerically)
And 𝛽= 𝜔2 x2 (numerically)
∴ 𝛼 + 𝛽 = 𝜔2 x1 + x2 …. (1)
And 𝑢2 = 𝜔2 𝐴2 − x12

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