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Notes about computers

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4 views

Notes about computers

Uploaded by

rzbartali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Fundamentals

● Definition: A computer is an electronic device that processes data according to a set of


instructions (software).
● Basic Functions:
○ Input: Receiving data (e.g., keyboard, mouse).
○ Processing: Manipulating data (e.g., calculations, sorting).
○ Storage: Saving data (e.g., hard drive, RAM).
○ Output: Displaying or producing results (e.g., monitor, printer).

Components
● Hardware: The physical parts of a computer:
○ CPU (Central Processing Unit): The "brain" of the computer, responsible for executing
instructions.
○ RAM (Random Access Memory): Temporary storage for data and programs currently in
use.
○ Storage Devices:
■ Hard Drive: Long-term storage for files.
■ SSD (Solid-State Drive): Faster storage than traditional hard drives.
○ Input Devices: Keyboard, mouse, scanner, microphone.
○ Output Devices: Monitor, printer, speakers.
● Software: The programs and instructions that tell the computer what to do:
○ Operating System (OS): Manages hardware and software resources (e.g., Windows,
macOS, Linux).
○ Applications: Programs designed for specific tasks (e.g., word processors, web browsers,
games).

Types of Computers
● Desktop Computers: Traditional computers with a separate monitor, keyboard, and mouse.
● Laptops: Portable computers with integrated displays and keyboards.
● Tablets: Touchscreen devices with mobile operating systems.
● Smartphones: Pocket-sized computers with advanced features.
● Servers: Powerful computers that store and manage data for networks.

Computer Networks
● Connecting Computers: Allows computers to share resources (files, printers) and
communicate with each other.
● Types of Networks:
○ Local Area Network (LAN): Connects devices within a limited area (e.g., home, office).
○ Wide Area Network (WAN): Connects devices over a larger geographical area (e.g., the
internet).

The Internet
● A Global Network: A vast network of interconnected computers worldwide.
● Key Uses:
○ Communication: Email, messaging, video calls.
○ Information Access: Browsing websites, searching for information.
○ E-commerce: Online shopping, online banking.

Computer Security
● Protecting Data:
○ Antivirus software: Protects against viruses and malware.
○ Firewalls: Prevent unauthorized access to a network.
○ Strong passwords: Essential for account security.
○ Data encryption: Protects sensitive information.

This is a basic overview. Computer technology is constantly evolving, with new


advancements and innovations emerging regularly.

I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any specific questions about any of these topics.

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