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Analytic Geometry 2

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11 views2 pages

Analytic Geometry 2

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Shirmen Flores
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2024 GE Board Exam Review: MATHEMATICS – Analytic Geometry 2

CONIC SECTIONS
General Definition of Conic Sections
-locus (or path) of a point that moves such that the
ratio of its distance from a fixed point (focus) and a
fixed line (directrix) is constant. This constant ratio is
called the eccentricity of the conic.

Standard Equation
(𝑥 − ℎ) + (𝑦 − 𝑘) = 𝑟
Note: (ℎ, 𝑘) is the center of the circle.
Center at origin
𝑥 +𝑦 =𝑟
General form
𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝐷𝑥 + 𝐸𝑦 + 𝐹 = 0
ℎ = −𝐷/2, 𝑘 = −𝐸/2

PARABOLA
-locus of a point that moves such that its distance
from a fixed point called the focus is always equal to
its distance from a fixed line called the directrix

Eccentricity of a conic
𝑓 𝑓 𝑓
𝑒= = =
𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
If 𝑒 = 0, it’s a circle.
If 𝑒 = 1, it’s a parabola.
If 𝑒 < 1, it’s an ellipse.
If 𝑒 > 1, it’s a hyperbola.
Standard Equations
CIRCLE
(𝑥 − ℎ) = 4𝑎(𝑦 − 𝑘) → 𝑢𝑝𝑤𝑎𝑟𝑑
-locus of a point that moves such that it is always
equidistant from a fixed point called the center. The (𝑥 − ℎ) = −4𝑎(𝑦 − 𝑘) → 𝑑𝑜𝑤𝑛𝑤𝑎𝑟𝑑
constant distance is called the radius of the circle. (𝑦 − 𝑘) = 4𝑎(𝑥 − ℎ) → 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡
(𝑦 − 𝑘) = −4𝑎(𝑥 − ℎ) → 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑓𝑡

Note: (ℎ, 𝑘) is the vertex of the parabola.


Vernante
2024 GE Board Exam Review: MATHEMATICS – Analytic Geometry 2
SAMPLE PROBLEMS
Situation 1. For problems 1-5, refer here. A circle has 13. What is the vertex of the curve 2𝑦 + 2𝑥 + 5𝑦 +
the equation 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 4𝑥 + 6𝑦 − 12 = 0. Find the: 7 = 0?
1. center of the circle A. (–5/4, –31/16) C. (–31/16, –5/4)
A. (–2, 3) C. (2, –3) B. (31/16, 5/4) D. (5/4, 31/16)
B. (–3, 2) D. (3, –2) 14. Find the equation of the parabola with vertex at
2. area of the circle (4, 3) and focus at (4, –1).
A. 78.5 sq. units C. 75.8 sq. units A. 𝑦 − 8𝑥 + 16𝑦 − 25 = 0
B. 87.5 sq. units D. 85.7 sq. units B. 𝑦 + 8𝑥 − 16𝑦 − 25 = 0
3. farthest distance from the point (5, 6) to the circle C. 𝑥 + 8𝑥 − 16𝑦 + 32 = 0
A. 14.2 units C. 15.4 units D. 𝑥 − 8𝑥 + 16𝑦 − 32 = 0
B. 14.5 units D. 15.2 units 15. An automobile headlight has a parabolic reflector
4. nearest distance from the point (5, 6) to the circle that is 6 inches in diameter and 3 inches deep. How
A. 5.4 units C. 4.2 units far from the vertex should the light bulb be placed?
B. 5.2 units D. 4.5 units A. 0.75” C. 1.00”
5. tangent distance from the point (5, 6) to the circle B. 0.50” D. 0.88”
A. 8.1 units C. 8.6 units
For Situation 1:
B. 9.6 units D. 9.1 units
6. What is the radius of a circle with the equation
2𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 3𝑥 + 4𝑦 − 1 = 0?
A. √33/4 C. √33/3
B. 33/16 D. 32/15
7. Find the equation of the circle circumscribing the
triangle with vertices at P(–1, –4), Q(3, –2), and
R(5, 2).
A. 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 4𝑥 + 6𝑦 − 37 = 0
B. 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 4𝑥 − 6𝑦 + 37 = 0
C. 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 4𝑥 + 6𝑦 + 37 = 0
D. 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 4𝑥 − 6𝑦 − 37 = 0
Situation 2. For problems 8-12, refer here. Given a
parabola whose equation is 𝑥 + 2𝑥 − 4𝑦 + 9 = 0,
find the following:
8. vertex
A. (–1, 2) C. (–2, 1)
B. (1, –2) D. (2, –1) For Situation 2:
9. focus
A. (–2, 2) C. (0, 2)
B. (–1, 1) D. (–1, 3)
10. equation of directrix
A. 𝑥 = 1 C. 𝑦 = 1
B. 𝑦 = 3 D. 𝑥 = 3
11. length of latus rectum
A. 1 unit C. 4 units
B. 8 units D. 2 units
12. equation of the axis of symmetry
A. 𝑥 = 1 C. 𝑦 = 3
B. 𝑥 = −1 D. 𝑦 = 2

Vernante

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