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Introduction to Inventory Optimization: This involves managing stock levels to meet
customer demand without overstocking or understocking. Imagine a bookstore: Too many copies of an unpopular book mean higher storage costs, while too few bestsellers lead to missed sales. 2. Demand Forecasting: This is predicting future customer demand using past data. For instance, a clothing store might analyze last year’s winter sales to decide how many coats to stock this year. 3. Safety Stock: Extra inventory kept to prevent stockouts. A supermarket might keep extra canned goods in case of unexpected high demand, like before a big storm. 4. Economic Order Quantity (EOQ): A formula to find the ideal order quantity that minimizes total costs, including ordering and holding costs. Think of a bike shop ordering a specific number of bikes to balance the costs of ordering with storage. 5. Just-In-Time (JIT) Inventory: A system where materials arrive exactly when needed, reducing inventory costs. A car manufacturer using JIT would get parts delivered right before assembly, minimizing storage needs. 6. ABC Analysis: This method divides inventory into three categories: • A-items: High value, low quantity. Example: A luxury watch in a jewelry store. • B-items: Moderate value and quantity. Example: Silver rings. • C-items: Low value, high quantity. Example: Costume jewelry. This helps prioritize management efforts on the most valuable items. 7. Technological Solutions: Technology like inventory management software and AI can automate tracking stock levels, predicting demand, and placing orders. For example, a grocery store might use software to automatically reorder milk when inventory gets low. 8. Case Studies and Real-World Examples: Look at businesses that have successfully optimized their inventory. For instance, Toyota is famous for its Just-In-Time system, reducing waste and improving efficiency by only ordering parts as needed.