APPENDIX

1. Which of the following is not a cement in 7. The mix for underwater concreting uses
the real sense? should have
(a) blast-furnace-slag cement (a) very low slump
(b) low heat cement (b) low slump
(c) high alumina cement (c) high slump
(d) none of the above (d) none of the above
2. Percentage loss on ignition in Portland 8. Initial setting of cement is due to
cement shall not be more than reaction of
(a) 4 (b) 5 (a) C3S
(c) 3 (d) 6 (b) C2S
3. Bulking of sand is due to (c) C3A
(i) viscosity (d) both (a) and (c)
(ii) air voids 9. Assertion A: Pozzolana is added to
(iii) surface moisture cement to increase early strength
The correct answer is Reason R: It reduces the heat of hydration
(a) only (i) (a) both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is
(b) only (iii) correct explanation of (A)
(c) both (ii) and (iii) (b) both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is
(d) both (i) and (iii) an incorrect explanation of (A)
4. Steam curing is not recommended for (c) (A) is true and (R) is false
concrete using (d) (A) is false and (R) is true
(i) high alumina cement 10. A cement having lesser tricalcium
(ii) ordinary Portland cement aluminate shall have
(iii) rapid hardening cement (a) lesser initial strength but higher ul-
The correct answer is timate strength
(a) only (i) (b) lesser initial and ultimate strengths
(b) both (i) and (iii) (c) no effect on initial and ultimate
(c) both (ii) and (iii) strengths
(d) (i), (ii) and (iii) (d) higher initial and final strengths
5. Early gain of strength is due to 11. Creep coefficient of concrete at 1 year
(a) C3S (b) C2S age is approximately
(c) C3A (d) both (a) and (c) (a) 3.3 (b) 2.2
6. The specific surface of cement is exp- (c) 4.4 (d) 1.1
ressed in 12. Air-entraining agent
(a) g/mm3 (b) g/mm2 (a) increases workability
3
(c) mm /g (d) mm2/g (b) decreases strength
740 Concrete Technology

(c) increases resistance to freezing and 20. Which of the following characteristics is
thawing same for both ordinary Portland cement
(d) all of the above and rapid hardening cement
13. Which of the following is responsible (a) initial setting time
for most of the undesirable properties (b) final setting time
of concrete (c) both initial and final setting times
(a) C3S (d) none of the above
(b) C2S 21. The freshly prepared concrete mix
(c) C3A should be consumed normally within
(d) C4AF (a) 24 hours
14. The water–cement ratio is expressed (b) 8 hours
by (c) 1½ hours
(a) volume (d) 15 minutes
(b) weight 22. High alumina cement should not be used
(c) density in the location where temperatures exceed
(d) none of the above (a) 15 ºC (b) 18 ºC
15. The approximate ratio of concrete (c) 20 ºC (d) 25 ºC
strength at 7 days to its strength at 28 23. Ultimate strength of cement is provided
days is by
(a) 3/4 (b) 2/3 (i) tricalcium aluminate
(c) 1/2 (d) 1/3 (ii) tricalcium silicate
16. Aerated cement is produced by the addi- (iii) dicalcium silicate
tion of The correct answer is
(i) zinc sulfate (a) only (iii)
(ii) magnesium sulfate (b) only (i)
(iii) powdered aluminum (c) (i), (ii) and (iii)
(iv) sodium nitrate (d) none of the above
The correct answer is 24. Air permeability method is used to de-
(a) only (iii) termine
(b) both (i) and (iii) (a) specific surface of cement
(c) both (ii) and (iii) (b) soundness of cement
(d) (i), (ii) and (iv) (c) setting time
17. Which of the following is correct if they (d) none of the above
are arranged in decreasing order of heat 25. If the fineness modulus of fine aggre-
of hydration gate is 2.51, it can be graded as
(a) C3A > C4AF > C3S > C2S (a) fine sand
(b) C3A > C4AF > C2S > C3S (b) medium sand
(c) C3A > C3S > C2S > C4SAF (c) very fine sand
(d) C3A > C3S > C4AF > C2S (d) coarse sand
18. The purpose of concrete compaction is to 26. Specific surface of rapid hardening ce-
(a) increase the density ment (cm2/g) shall not be less than
(b) increase the weight (a) 2250 (b) 2250
(c) increase the voids (c) 3250 (d) 3750
(d) all of the above 27. Humidity causes
19. The increased rate of strength gain of (a) hardening of cement in a bag
rapid hardening cement is achieved by (b) setting of cement in a bag
(a) higher content of C3S (c) strengthening of cement in a bag
(b) higher content of C3A (d) none of the above
(c) finer grinding of cement 28. Which of the following cements has
(d) (a) and (c) maximum percentage of C3S
 Appendix 741

(a) ordinary Portland cement (c) asymptotic

(b) low heat cement (d) All of the above
(c) sulfate resisting cement 36. Calcium sulfo-aluminate is produced
(d) rapid hardening cement due to reaction of hydrated tricalcium
29. The resin-impregnated concrete aluminate with
(a) reduces the porosity (a) gypsum
(b) increases the durability (b) water
(c) both of the above (c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) none of the above (d) None of the above
30. Workability of concrete can be increased 37. The strength of concrete is decreased
by the by
(a) increase in maximum size of aggre- (i) vibration
gate (ii) application of sudden load
(b) decrease in temperature (iii) fatigue
(c) use of round aggregate which has The correct answer is
smooth surface texture (a) Only (i)
(d) all the above (b) Both (ii) and (iii)
31. Higher percentage of C3S makes cement (c) (i), (ii) and (iii)
(i) hydrate more quickly (d) None of the above
(ii) generate heat more rapidly 38. The strength of concrete can be approx-
(iii) develop early strength imately expressed as
The correct answer is (a) fck = K [C/( W + C + A)]2
(a) both (i) and (iii) (b) fck = K [ (C + A) / (W + C + A)]2
(b) both (ii) and (iii) (c) fck = K [(C + W) / (W + C + A)]2
(c) (i), (ii) and (iii) (d) fck = K [(C + W ) / (W + A)]2
(d) None of the above where, fck is strength of concrete; A, C
32. Which of the following statements is a and W are the absolute volumes of ag-
correct statement gregates, cement and water, respective-
(a) rich mixes are less prone to bleed- ly, and K is a constant.
ing than lean ones 39. The residual stress developed in RCC due
(b) lean mixes are less prone to bleed- to thermal gradient is of the order of
ing than rich ones (a) negligible (b) 10%
(c) bleeding is decreased by decreas- (c) 25% (d) 40%
ing fineness of cement 40. ∑ (curing period × temperature) is
(d) Both (a) and (c) known as
33. White cement should have minimum (a) curing
percentage of (b) maturity
(a) silica (c) shrinkage
(b) magnesium oxide (d) None of the above
(c) calcium oxide 41. Low percentage of C3S and high per-
(d) iron oxide centage of C2S in cement will result in
34. Bleeding can be reduced by (i) rapid hardening
(a) addition of pozzolanas (ii) higher ultimate strength with less
(b) addition of aluminum powder heat generation
(c) increasing the fineness of cement (iii) better resistance to chemical attack
(d) All of the above The correct answer is
35. The increase in the strength of concrete (a) Only (i)
with time is (b) Only (ii)
(a) linear (c) Both (i) and (iii)
(b) non-linear (d) Both (ii) and (iii)
742 Concrete Technology

42. Assertion A: Finer grinding of cement The correct answer is

results in early development of strength (a) Only (i)
Reason R: Rate of hydration of cement (b) Only (iii)
is increased (c) Both (i) and (ii)
(a) both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is (d) Both (ii) and (iii)
correct explanation of (A) 49. Air-entrainment in the concrete decreases
(b) both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is (a) bleeding
an incorrect explanation of (A) (b) workability
(c) (A) is true and (R) is false (c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) (A) is false and (R) is true (d) None of the above
43. The permanent deformation of concrete 50. The water, having acidic/alkaline na-
with time, under sustained load is ture, should be neutralized before use in
called concrete by
(a) creep (a) NaOH/HCl
(b) relaxation (b) B2O3/HNO3
(c) viscosity (c) H2SO4/KCl
(d) visco-elasticity (d) KOH/NaCl
44. Stripping time in case of rapid harden- 51. Finer the cement
ing cement is x times that in ordinary (i) more is the surface area
cement, where x is (ii) higher is the rate of hydration
(a) 1/2 (b) 3/7 (iii) lesser is the surface area
(c) 3/4 (d) 4/7 (iv) lower is the rate of hydration
45. The shrinkage of concrete is due to The correct answer is
change in (a) Only (i)
(a) length (b) Both (i) and (ii)
(b) cross-sectional area (c) Both (i) and (iv)
(c) volume (d) Both (ii) and (iii)
(d) surface area 52. The performance of concrete can be en-
46. Concrete shrinkage is more pronou- hanced by
nced in (a) restricting accessibility of cement
(a) rich mix grain surfaces
(b) lean mix (b) making it a well-dispersed system
(c) very lean mix (c) adding a minimum amount of fly ash
(d) normal mix (d) All of the above
47. Regarding blast-furnace-slag cement, 53. Concrete with aggregate of higher mod-
which of the statements is correct ulus of elasticity will shrink
(i) its color is blackish grey (a) by same amount
(ii) it has lower evolution of heat (b) less
(iii) can be used in sea water construction (c) more
The correct answer is (d) more or less the same
(a) Only (i) 54. The split tensile strength of M15 grade
(b) Only (ii) concrete when expressed as a fraction of
(c) Both (i) and (ii) its compressive strength is
(d) (i), (ii) and (iii) (a) 0.10 to 0.15
48. High percentage of C3S and low percent- (b) 0.15 to 0.20
age of C2S in a cement will result in (c) 0.20 to 0.25
(i) rapid hardening (d) 0.25 to 0.30
(ii) high early strength with high heat 55. Increase in the fineness modulus of ag-
generation gregates indicates
(iii) more resistance to chemical attack (a) gap grading
 Appendix 743

(b) finer grading 63. The compound of Portland cement

(c) coarser grading which contributes to the later strength
(d) Both (i) and (iii) (for two-three years) is
56. The time dependent phenomenon in (a) tri-calcium silicate
concrete is (b) di-calcium silicate
(a) gain of strength (c) tri-calcium aluminate
(b) shrinkage (d) None of the above
(c) creep 64. Presence of air-entraining admixture in
(d) All of the above concrete
57. Vicat’s apparatus is used to determine (i) decreases the workability
the following properties of cement (ii) decreases the strength
(i) normal consistency (iii) increases the durability
(ii) initial setting time The correct answer is
(iii) final setting time (a) Only (ii)
(iv) fineness (b) Only (iii)
The correct answer is (c) Both (i) and (ii)
(a) Both (i) and (iii) (d) Both (ii) and (iii)
(b) Both (ii) and (iv) 65. Workability of concrete is influenced
(c) Both (i) and (iv) most by its
(d) (i), (ii) and (iii) (a) cement content
58. Quantity of cement in fresh concrete (b) aggregate-cement ratio
can be estimated by (c) water-cement ratio
(i) HCl heat of solution method (d) water-content
(ii) EDTA titration method 66. The ratio of ultimate creep strain to
(iii) H2SO4 heat of solution method elastic strain is known as
The correct answer is (a) creep modulus
(a) Only (iii) (b) creep coefficient
(b) Both (ii) and (iii) (c) creep-strain ratio
(c) Both (i) and (ii) (d) tertiary creep
(d) None of the above 67. Consider the following statements: Sand
59. Minimum water–cement ratio required in mortar is needed for
for a workable concrete is (i) decreasing the quantity of cement
(a) 0.30 (b) 0.40 (ii) reducing shrinkage
(c) 0.50 (d) 0.60 (iii) decreasing the surface area of bind-
60. Grading of aggregate in a concrete mix ing material
is necessary to achieve (iv) increasing the strength
(a) adequate workability The correct answer is
(b) higher density (a) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(c) reduction of voids (b) (i), (ii) and (iii)
(d) better durability (c) (i), (iii) and (iv)
61. Bulking of sand is maximum if the per- (d) (i), (ii) and (iv)
centage of moisture content is of the 68. The lower water-cement ratio in con-
order of crete causes
(a) 5 (b) 8 (a) smaller creep and shrinkage
(c) 10 (d) 15 (b) improved frost resistance
62. Creep of the concrete is influenced by (c) greater density and smaller perme-
(a) strength of concrete ability
(b) age of concrete (d) All of the above
(c) water-cement ratio 69. Use of accelerators in concrete
(d) All of the above (i) shortens the setting time
744 Concrete Technology

(ii) increases the early strength of (d) [z – x]/[y – z]

concrete 75. For making lightweight concrete, the
(iii) increases the period of curing gas bubbles are produced by adding
The correct answer is (a) aluminum powder to the slurry
(a) Only (i) (b) air bubbles to the slurry
(b) Only (iii) (c) water bubbles to the slurry
(c) Both (i) and (ii) (d) zinc powder to the slurry
(d) Both (ii) and (iii) 76. Aggregates for use in concrete should
70. Reduction in aggregate–cement ratio be in
while keeping w/c ratio constant causes (a) wet condition
(a) decrease in workability (b) surface dry condition
(b) workability is not affected (c) moist surface condition
(c) increase in workability (d) All of the above
(d) None of the above 77. The process of mixing some mortar in
71. Lightweight concrete can be used in the mixer at the beginning of the first
(a) air-conditioned buildings batch concrete mixing is called
(b) non-load bearing walls (a) buttering
(c) providing reduced thickness of (b) borrowing
structure (c) intiating
(d) All of the above (d) accelerating
72. Consider the following statements 78. Wide and deep cracks in concrete can
The effect of sea water on hardened be repaired by
concrete is to (a) guniting
(i) increase its strength (b) grouting
(ii) reduce its strength (c) epoxy injection
(iii) retard setting (d) None of the above
(iv) decrease its durability 79. Shrinkage of concrete
The correct answer is (i) depends upon water–cement ratio
(a) (i) and (iii) (ii) is inversely proportional to water
(b) (ii) and (iii) content
(c) (ii) and (iv) (iii) increases with the increase in per-
(d) (i) and (iv) centage of cement content
73. The addition of CaCl2 in concrete re- The correct answer is
sults in (a) Only (i)
(i) increased shrinkage (b) Only (iii)
(ii) decreased setting time (c) Both (ii) and (iii)
(iii) decreased shrinkage (d) None of the above
(iv) increased setting time 80. Hardened concrete is
The correct answer is (a) linearly elastic material till the fracture
(a) Only (i) and (iii) (b) non-linearly elastic material till the
(b) Only (iv) fracture
(c) Only (i) (c) linearly elastic up to the level where
(d) Only (i) and (ii) stress is less than 0.5 times the
74. If x, y and z are the fineness moduli of maximum stress in compression
coarse, fine and combined aggregates, (d) None of the above
respectively, the ratio of fine aggregates 81. Concreting in hot weather will result in
to combined aggregates, is (a) increased strength
(a) [z – x]/[z + x] (b) increased cracking
(b) [x – y]/[z – y] (c) retarded setting
(c) [x – z]/[z + y] (d) unevenness
 Appendix 745

82. Compaction factor of 0.855 indicates a 88. Assertion A: In slurry infiltrated fiber
mix of concrete (SIFCON), there is substantial
(a) low workability enhancement of tensile load carrying
(b) high workability capacity
(c) very low workability Reason R: Fibers suppress the localization
(d) medium workability of micro-cracks into macro-cracks
83. The reaction during cement hydration is (a) both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is
(a) exothermic correct explanation of (A)
(b) indothermic (b) both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is
(c) either of (a) and (b) depending upon an incorrect explanation of (A)
the stage of hydration (c) (A) is true and (R) is false
(d) None of the above (d) (A) is false and (R) is true
84. The reasonable slump for mass concrete 89. Match list-I with list-II and select the
should be correct answer using the codes given
(a) 90–180 mm below the lists
(b) 10–30 mm List-I: (test)
(c) 50–75 mm A. Vicat-apparatus
(d) 25–50 mm B. Le-chatelier apparatus
85. Match list-I with list-II and select the C. Slump test
correct answer using the codes given D. Fineness modulus
below the lists
List-II: (property)
List-I: (type of concrete)
A. Concrete for RCC beams and 1. Soundness of cement
slabs 2. Initial setting time of cement
B. Concrete for plain footing 3. Workability of concrete
C. Vibrated concrete 4. Relative size of aggregates
D. Mass concrete Codes:
List-II: (slump, mm) A B C D
1. 75 2. 50 (a) 1 2 3 4
3. 150 4. 100
(b) 1 4 3 2
Codes: (c) 3 4 2 1
A B C D (d) 2 1 3 4
(a) 4 3 2 1
90. The product formed on hydration of
(b) 3 4 2 1
C2S, in the abbreviated symbols is
(c) 4 3 1 2
(d) 3 4 1 2 (a) C2SH (b) C3SH
(c) C2S3H2 (d) C3S2H3
86. The nature of pigments used in colored 91. The commercial name of white and col-
cement is chemically ored cements in India is
(a) inactive (a) colocrete
(b) active (b) silvicrete
(c) alkaline (c) snocem
(d) acidic (d) All of the above
87. Efflorescence in cement is caused due 92. Workability tests most suitable for con-
to an excess of crete of very low workability are
(a) alkalis (i) Vee-Bee test
(b) iron oxide (ii) slump test
(c) silica (iii) compaction factor test
(d) alumina The correct answer is
746 Concrete Technology

(a) Only (i) below the lists

(b) Only (iii) List-I: (type of job)
(c) Both (i) and (iii) A. Precast work
(d) None of the above B. Footings
93. Match list-I with list-II related to OPC C. Columns
and select the correct answer using the D. Beams
codes given below the lists
List-II: (slump, mm)
List-I: (compounds)
(1) 90 (2) 75
A. C3S B. C2S (3) 50 (4) 25
C. C3A D. C4AF
Codes:
List-II: (percentage mass)
A B C D
1. 25–50 2. 5–12 (a) 4 3 2 1
3. 8–14 4. 20–45 (b) 1 2 3 4
Codes: (c) 2 3 1 4
A B C D (d) 3 4 1 2
(a) 1 2 3 4 99. The flakiness index (in per cent) of
(b) 1 4 2 3 coarse aggregate is normally
(c) 1 2 4 3 (a) above 75
(d) 2 1 3 4 (b) between 50 and 75
(c) up to 25
94. The product formed on hydration of
(d) between 25 and 50
C3S, in the abbreviated symbols is
100. For the concrete of grades M20 or
(a) C2SH
above the individual test strength
(b) C3SH
(in MPa) compliance requirement is
(c) C2S3H2
(a) with in fck ± 4
(d) C3S2H3
(b) > fck – 4
95. Abnormal and premature hardening
(c) > fck – 3
within few minutes of water mixing is
(d) within fck ± 3
a phenomenon known as
101. The shrinkage strain in concrete is ap-
(a) flocs
proximately
(b) false set
(a) 0.0030 (b) 0.0300
(c) flocculation
(c) 0.0003 (d) 0.3000
(d) permanent setting
102. The measure of variation in statistical
96. Which law governs the flow equation of
quality control of concrete is generally
fresh concrete
determined by
(a) Le-chatelier’s law
(a) coefficient of variation
(b) Bingham law
(b) curtosis
(c) Newton’s law
(c) skewness
(d) None of the above
(d) moments
97. Segregation in concrete results in
103. The membrane curing of the concrete
(i) creation of porous layers
may be done by
(ii) honeycombing
(a) solid membranes
(iii) scaling of surface
(b) liquid membranes
The correct answer is
(c) gaseous membranes
(a) Only (i)
(d) Both (a) and (b)
(b) Only (iii)
104. Fly ash can be used as
(c) Both (i) and (iii)
(i) partial replacement of fine aggregate
(d) (i), (ii) and (iii)
(ii) partial replacement of cement
98. Match list-I with list-II and select the
(iii) as an admixture
correct answer using the codes given
 Appendix 747

The correct answer is (c) Both (ii) and (iii)

(a) Only (i) (d) (i), (ii) and (iii)
(b) Only (ii) 111. For mass concrete foundation works,
(c) Both (ii) and (iii) the degree of workability should be
(d) Both (i) and (ii) (a) low
105. Portland cement is heavier than water (b) average
by about (c) high
(a) 1.15 times (d) very high
(b) 2.30 times 112. In the field the commonly used vibra-
(c) 3.85 times tor for compaction of concrete is
(d) 3.15 times (a) form vibrator
106. The approximate value of the thermal (b) external vibrator
coefficient of expansion of concrete is (c) needle vibrator
(a) 9 × 10–5 per °C (d) None of the above
(b) 10 × 10–6 per °C 113. ‘Tremie’ is a
(c) 9 × 10–7 per °F (a) bucket
(d) 8 × 10–6 per °F (b) water-tight pipe
107. Underwater concreting is done by (c) bag
(a) dripping method (d) prepack concrete
(b) tremie method 114. Low water-cement ratio in concrete
(c) cofferdam method results in
(d) All of the above (i) greater density and lesser perme-
108. Which of the following is/are respon- ability
sible for the inelastic behavior of (ii) smaller creep and shrinkage
concrete (iii) improved frost resistance
(i) shrinkage in concrete The correct answer is
(ii) propagation of cracks (a) Both (i) and (iii)
(iii) improper curing of concrete (b) Both (ii) and (iii)
The correct answer is (c) (i), (ii) and (iii)
(a) Only (iii) (d) None of the above
(b) Both (i) and (iii) 115. The presence of common salt in sand
(c) Both (ii) and (iii) results in
(d) Both (i) and (ii) (a) corrosion of reinforcement
109. Specific surface (cm2/g) of 43-Grade (b) scaling
Portland cement should not be less (c) pitting
than (d) All of the above
(a) 2500 116. Modulus of elasticity of concrete in-
(b) 2000 creases with
(c) 2250 (a) the age
(d) 3250 (b) the increase in w/c ratio
110. The root cause of durability problems (c) the decrease is curing period
in concrete is lack of emphasis on (d) All of the above
(i) strength-durability relationship 117. The water-reducing admixture is/are
(ii) cracking-durability relationship (a) lignosulfonic salt
(iii) closer working relationship be- (b) hydroxylated carboxylic acid
tween designer, material engineer (c) Both (a) and (b)
and construction engineer (d) None of the above
The correct answer is 118. Specific gravity of fly ash falls in the
(a) Only (i) range
(b) Only (iii) (a) 1.0 to 1.6
748 Concrete Technology

(b) 1.6 to 1.9 (d) grouting

(c) 1.9 to 2.4 127. With the increase in the rate of loading
(d) 2.4 to 2.8 during testing of concrete specimens,
119. The air-entraining agents are used to the compressive strength of concrete
make (a) does not change
(a) air-tight concrete (b) increases
(b) cellular concrete (c) decreases
(c) air-extraction concrete (d) None of the above
(d) All of the above 128. The unit weight (kN/m3) of fly ash
120. With the increase in the angularity concrete is of the order of
number of aggregates, the workability (a) 10.0 (b) 12.5
of concrete will (c) 18.0 (d) 22.0
(a) increase 129. Assertion A: Ready-mixed concrete is
(b) not change popular building material.
(c) decrease Reason R: Ready mixed concrete em-
(d) None of the above bodies the concept of treating concrete
121. Addition of pozzolanas into concrete in its entity as a building material rath-
mixes improves er than ingredients
(a) workability (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R)
(b) resistance to chemical attack is correct explanation of (A)
(c) Both (a) and (b) (b) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R)
(d) None of the above is an incorrect explanation of (A)
122. Verback’s dilatometer measures ag- (c) (A) is true and (R) is false
gregate’s (d) (A) is false and (R) is true
(a) specific heat 130. “Ultramarine” pigment is used to pro-
(b) thermal conductivity duce a concrete of
(c) coefficient of thermal expansion (a) black color
(d) All of the above (b) blue color
123. In concrete mix design, allowance for (c) white color
bulking of sand is necessary in case of (d) yellow color
(a) weigh batching 131. Concreting in cold weather
(b) volume batching (i) results in cracking due to the tem-
(c) Both (a) and (b) perature differential within con-
(d) None of the above crete mass
124. ‘Shotcrete’ is used in the application of (ii) increases the rate of strength de-
(a) soil stabilization velopment
(b) waterproofing (iii) delays the removal of formwork
(c) stabilization of rock slopes The correct answer is
(d) None of the above (a) Only (iii)
125. The permeability of moist cured con- (b) Only (ii)
crete in comparison to that of steam (c) Both (ii) and (iii)
cured concrete is (d) Both (i) and (iii)
(a) smaller 132. The settlement of coarse aggregate
(b) higher towards bottom with scum rising to-
(c) equal wards the surface is known as
(d) None of the above (a) bleeding
126. The Tributyl-phosphate used as an ad- (b) capillarity
mixture serves the purpose of (c) laitance
(a) set-controlling (d) permeability
(b) water-reducing 133. The value of pulse velocity of good
(c) air-detraining quality concrete should be
 Appendix 749

(a) more than 3.5 km/s (a) constant

(b) less than 3.5 km/s (b) variable
(c) less than 2.0 km/s (c) may be both of the above
(d) None of the above (d) cannot be predicted
134. Concreting in hot weather 141. The water-cement ratio for ferroce-
(i) increases tendency to cracking ment should be
(ii) makes air-content control difficult (a) less than 0.35
(iii) increases strength of hardened (b) between 0.50 and 0.60
concrete (c) greater than 0.60
The correct answer is (d) between 0.35 and 0.40
(a) Only (i) 142. Vibration test of hardened concrete
(b) Both (i) and (ii) specimen provides
(c) Both (ii) and (iii) (a) chord modulus
(d) (i), (ii) and (iii) (b) secant modulus
135. The phenomenon of bleeding occurs in (c) tangent modulus
concrete mix which is (d) dynamic modulus
(a) lean and wet 143. Match list-I with list-II and select the
(b) coarse and wet correct answer using the codes given
(c) coarse and dry below the lists
(d) lean and dry List-I: (phenomenon)
136. Assertion A: In the quick setting cement, A. Deflocculation
the setting action starts within five min- B. Widening of range of grain size
utes of addition of water and it becomes C. Balling effect
hard like stone within 30 minutes. D. Alkali–aggregate reaction
Reason R: The cement contains List-II: (material)
small amount of aluminum sulfate, re- 1. Steel fibers
duced amount of gypsum and is finely 2. Siliceous materials
ground. 3. Superplasticizer
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) 4. Microfillers
is correct explanation of (A)
Codes:
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R)
A B C D
is an incorrect explanation of (A)
(a) 2 4 1 3
(c) (A) is true and (R) is false
(b) 4 3 2 1
(d) (A) is false and (R) is true
(c) 3 4 1 2
137. The subject of ‘Rheology’ is more
(d) 3 2 1 4
closely related to
(a) strength of materials 144. The flow of fresh concrete is of
(b) fluid mechanics (a) non-Newtonian type
(c) engineering mechanics (b) Newtonian type
(d) None of the above (c) Lagrangian type
138. The ratio of cement to sand in ferroce- (d) Eulerian type
ment should not be less than 145. Percentage humidity level at which con-
(a) 1:7 (b) 1:6 crete is cured should be of the order of
(c) 1:5 (d) 1:3 (a) 40 (b) 55
139. Rheology of concrete deals with its (c) 80 (d) 90
(a) deformation 146. The corrosion of steel in concrete is
(b) flow properties faster when the element is immersed in
(c) compactability (a) alkaline solution
(d) All of the above (b) acidic solution
140. The ratio of shear stress to shear rate in (c) sea water
flow of concrete is a (d) None of the above
750 Concrete Technology

147. Carbonation of concrete results into D. Toughness

(a) increased shrinkage
List-II: (related to)
(b) increased strength
1. Mineral additives
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) increased permeability 2. Corrosion of reinforcement
3. Stress–strain curve
148. Study the following statements:
4. Fiber-reinforced concrete
(i) presence of five per cent voids in
concrete may reduce the strength Codes:
by 35 per cent A B C D
(ii) pumpable concrete is high slump (a) 3 2 1 4
concrete (b) 4 2 3 1
(iii) ready mixed concrete is weigh (c) 4 2 1 3
batched, mixed in a centrally lo-
cated plant and is transported in (d) 3 4 1 2
a truck mixer and delivered in a 152. As per IS: 456–2000, the relationship
ready to use condition between modulus of rupture (fcr) and
The correct statement(s) is/are characteristics of strength of concrete
(a) Only (i) (fck) is
(b) Only (ii) (a) 0.70 f ck
(c) Both (ii) and (iii)
(d) (i), (ii) and (iii) (b) 0.12 f ck
149. As per IS: 456–2000, the modulus of (c) 0.70 f ck
elasticity of concrete is taken as
(d) 1.0 f ck
(a) 5700 f ck
153. Assertion A: The specific surface of
(b) 5000 f ck
aggregates decreases with increase in
(c) 570 f ck size of the aggregates.
Reason R: The workability of a mix
(d) 50 f ck is influenced more by the finer fraction
150. The use of relatively weak mortar than the coarse particles.
(i) will accommodate movements (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R)
due to loads, and cracking, if any, is correct explanation of (A)
will be distributed as thin hair (b) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R)
cracks which are less noticeable or is an incorrect explanation of (A)
harmful. (c) (A) is true and (R) is false
(ii) will result in reduction of stresses (d) (A) is false and (R) is true
due to differential expansion of 154. Match list-I with list-II and select the
masonry units correct answer using the codes given
The correct answer is below the lists.
(a) Only (i) List-I: (parameter)
(b) Only (ii)
(c) Both (i) and (ii) A. Specific surface
B. Surface tension
(d) Neither (i) nor (ii)
C. Water-binder ratio
151. Match list-I with list-II and select the
D. Porosity-permeability
correct answer using the codes given
below the lists. List-II: (material)
List-I: (property) 1. Aggregate
A. Reinforcing index 2. Mineral additives
B. pH Value 3. Cementitious materials
C. Cementing efficiency factor 4. Superplasticizer
 Appendix 751

Codes: (c) 200

A B C D (d) 300
(a) 1 2 3 4 160. Match list-I with list-II and select the
(b) 3 4 1 2 correct answer using the codes given
(c) 1 4 2 3 below the lists.
(d) 1 4 3 2 List-I: (stripping of forms)
155. Match list-I with list-II and select the A. Slabs (props not removed)
correct answer using the codes given B. Removal of props to slab spanning
below the lists over 4.5 m
List-I: (property) C. Beam soffits (props not removed)
A. Self-desiccation D. Removal of props to beam span-
B. Expansive reaction ning over 6 m
C. Volume change List-II: (time)
D. Cracking behavior 1. 14 days
List-II: (parameter) 2. 21 days
1. Corrosion 3. 3 days
2. Shrinkage 4. 7 days
3. Autogenous-shrinkage Codes:
4. Curing-history A B C D
Codes: (a) 1 2 3 4
A B C D (b) 3 4 2 1
(a) 3 1 2 4 (c) 3 4 1 2
(b) 4 3 1 2 (d) 4 3 1 2
(c) 4 1 3 2
161. Slump (mm) of concrete in case of un-
(d) 2 4 3 1
derwater concreting shall be
156. Aerated concrete is suitable for appli- (a) 50–100
cations such as (b) 100–150
(a) wall insulation (c) 100–180
(b) fire protection (d) 150–200
(c) filler wall 162. Good quality concrete should have
(d) All of the above fineness modulus of coarse aggregate
157. Good quality concrete should have in the range of
fineness modulus of fine aggregate in (a) 5 to 6
the range of (b) 6 to 9
(a) 2.0 to 3.5 (c) 3 to 4
(b) 1.5 to 2.3 (d) 4 to 5
(c) 3.0 to 5.5 163. The sand used in cement test should be
(d) None of the above in accordance with
158. The compressive strength of a standard (a) IS: 1343–1980
1:3 Portland cement–sand mortar in (b) IS: 456–2000
MPa after three days of curing should (c) IS: 650–1991
not be less than (d) IS: 1365–1980
(a) 7.0 (b) 11.5 164. Grade of concrete for RCC for sea-wa-
(c) 17.5 (d) 21.0 ter application shall not be less than
159. The diameter in mm of tremie pipe for (a) 15 (b) 20
underwater concreting shall be not less (c) 30 (d) 10
than 165. Match list-I with list-II and select the
(a) 100 correct answer using the codes given
(b) 150 below the lists.
752 Concrete Technology

List-I: (admixture) 1. Resistance against sudden jerks

A. Water-reducing admixture 2. Share of flak particles
B. Air-entraining agent 3. Compressive strength
C. Superplasticizer 4. Soluble matter
D. Accelerator Codes:
List-II: (chemicals) A B C D
1. Sulfonated melamine formaldehyde (a) 1 2 3 4
2. Calcium chloride (b) 3 1 2 4
3. Lignosulfonate (c) 4 2 3 1
4. Neutralized vinsol resin (d) 2 3 1 4
Codes: 169. Excess alkalies in cement cause
A B C D (a) alkali–aggregate reaction
(a) 3 4 1 2 (b) efflorescence
(b) 2 4 1 3 (c) staining
(c) 1 3 4 2 (d) All of the above
(d) 3 4 2 1 170. Match list-I with list-II and select the
166. Low heat cement contains lower per- correct answer using the codes given
centage of below the lists.
(a) C3A (b) C3S List-I: (type of cement)
(c) C2S (d) none of above A. Air-entraining Portland cement
167. Match list-I with list-II and select the B. Low heat Portland cement
correct answer using the codes given C. Hydrophobic Portland cement
below the lists D. Rapid hardening cement
List-I: (nominal mix) List-II: (characteristics)
A. 1 : 1 : 2
1. Suitable for large dams
B. 1 : 1½ : 3
2. Unsuitable for large mass concrete
C. 1 : 2 : 4
3. Greater resistance to frost attack
D. 1 : 4 : 8
4. Safe storage under unfavorable
List-II: (applications) condition of humidity.
1. Footing Codes:
2. Foundation base A B C D
3. Heavily loaded columns (a) 3 4 1 2
4. Beams (b) 4 2 1 3
Codes: (c) 3 1 4 2
A B C D (d) 4 1 2 3
(a) 1 2 3 4 171. Assertion A: The alumina should not
(b) 4 3 2 1 be present in excess amount in the
(c) 3 4 1 2 raw materials used for manufacture of
(d) 3 4 2 1 cement.
168. Match list-I with list-II and select the Reason R: Alumina acts as a flex and
correct answer using the codes given lowers the clinkering temperature.
below the lists (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R)
is correct explanation of (A)
List-I: (test)
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R)
A. Crushing test
is an incorrect explanation of (A)
B. Impact test
(c) (A) is true and (R) is false
C. Shape test
(d) (A) is false and (R) is true
D. Solubility test
172. Roller-compacted concrete (RCC) is a
List-II: (property) (a) stiff (dry and lean) concrete mix
 Appendix 753

(b) zero slump concrete (b) more than 0.25 but less that 0.35
(c) mix having consistency of damp (c) more than 0.35 but less than 0.45
gravel (d) more than 0.45 but less than 0.60
(d) All of the above 179. Assertion A: The availability of
173. Addition of fibers in concrete results in high-early strength OPCs has resulted
(a) modest increase in compressive in decreasing cement content and in-
strength creasing water–cement ratio for the
(b) increased ductility given consistency.
(c) enhanced toughness Reason R: The concrete mixtures are
(d) All of the above proportioned on the basis of 28-day
174. Assertion A: Ready-mixed concrete compressive strength.
(RMC) is one of the most versatile and (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R)
popular building materials. is correct explanation of (A)
Reason R: The RMC producer is an (b) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R)
expert in selecting the proportions is an incorrect explanation of (A)
for the specific application based on (c) (A) is true and (R) is false
experience for the required per-for- (d) (A) is false and (R) is true
mance. 180. Epoxy injection technique is used for
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) (a) repairing the water retaining struc-
is correct explanation of (A) tures
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) (b) sealing of large cracks
is an incorrect explanation of (A) (c) sealing the narrow cracks
(c) (A) is true and (R) is false (d) All of the above
(d) (A) is false and (R) is true 181. Ready-mixed concrete (RMC) is
175. Blow holes are the result of (i) specified in terms of performance
(a) excess water–cement ratio parameters
(b) insufficient workability (ii) produced under factory condi-
(c) improper design of shuttering tions
(d) None of the above (iii) produced and supplied by weight
176. Study the following statements: The correct answer is
(i) for constant w/c ratio, finer sand (a) Both (i) and (ii)
decreases the workability (b) Both (i) and (iii)
(ii) creep is the deformation of con- (c) Both (ii) and (iii)
crete under sustained loading (d) (i), (ii) and (iii)
(iii) creep is directly proportional to 182. For compaction of concrete, surface
cement paste vibrator can be used for
The correct statement(s) is are (i) columns
(a) Only (i) (ii) slabs
(b) Both (i) and (ii) (iii) raft foundation
(c) Both (ii) and (iii) The correct answer is
(d) (i), (ii) and (iii) (a) Only (i)
177. Most suitable cement for concrete for (b) Only (ii)
under-sea applications is (c) Both (i) and (ii)
(a) low heat cement (d) Both (ii) and (iii)
(b) high-alumina cement 183. Number of samples for 31–50 m3 of
(c) super sulfate cement concrete work shall be
(d) All of the above (a) 2 (b) 3
178. For complete hydration of cement, the (c) 4 (d) 5
water–cement ratio needed is of the 184. Match list-I with list-II and select the
order of correct answer using the codes given
(a) less than 0.25 below the lists.
754 Concrete Technology

List-I: (property enhancement) (iii) process improvement to tailor mix

A. Self-compactability to the needs of specific job
B. Freeze-thaw durability The correct answer is
C. Paste-refinement (a) Only (i)
D. Concrete-concrete bond (b) Only (ii)
List-II: (material) (c) Both (ii) and (iii)
1. High-range water reducer (d) (i), (ii) and (iii)
2. Epoxy resin 187. The heat liberated during hydration of
3. Mineral additive cement is about
4. Air-entraining admixture (a) 360 cal/g (b) 240 cal/g
(c) 60 cal/g (d) 120 cal/g
Codes:
188. Match list-I with list-II and select the
A B C D
correct answer using the codes given
(a) 4 3 2 1
below the lists.
(b) 1 4 3 2
(c) 2 3 4 1 List-I: (phenomenon)
(d) 3 2 1 4 A. Pop-off
185. The RMC producer B. Rapid slump loss
(i) guarantees the desired performance C. Steel corrosion
(ii) receives instructions through job D. Low bleeding
specifications List-II: (reason)
(iii) receives instructions in terms of 1. Non-retarding HRWR
prescriptive specifications 2. Improper finish
The correct answer is 3. High volume of fly ash
(a) Only (i) 4. Chloride-ion penetration
(b) Both (i) and (ii)
Codes:
(c) Both (i) and (iii)
(d) None of the above A B C D
186. In concrete industry for economy the (a) 1 2 3 4
emphasis should be placed on (b) 2 1 4 3
(i) prescriptive specifications (c) 3 2 1 4
(ii) performance-based specifications (d) 4 3 2 1

Answers to MCQs

1.(d) 2.(b) 3.(b) 4.(a) 5.(a) 6.(d)

7.(c) 8.(c) 9.(d) 10.(a) 11.(d) 12.(d)
13.(c) 14.(b) 15.(b) 16.(a) 17.(d) 18.(a)
19.(d) 20.(c) 21.(c) 22.(b) 23.(a) 24.(a)
25.(a) 26.(c) 27.(b) 28.(d) 31.(c) 32.(a)
33.(d) 34.(d) 35.(b) 36.(a) 37.(c) 38.(a)
39.(a) 40.(b) 41.(d) 42.(a) 43.(a) 44.(b)
45.(c) 46.(a) 47.(d) 48.(c) 49.(a) 50.(a)
51.(b) 52.(b) 53.(b) 54.(a) 55.(c) 56.(d)
 Appendix 755

57.(d) 58.(c) 59.(b) 60.(c) 61.(a) 62.(d)

63.(b) 64.(d) 65.(d) 66.(b) 67.(d) 68.(d)
69.(c) 70.(c) 71.(b) 72.(c) 73.(d) 74.(b)
75.(a) 76.(b) 77.(a) 78.(b) 79.(b) 80.(c)
81.(b) 82.(d) 83.(a) 84.(d) 85.(d) 86.(a)
87.(a) 88.(a) 93.(b) 94.(d) 95.(b) 96.(b)
97.(d) 98.(a) 99.(c) 100.(b) 101.(a) 102.(a)
103.(d) 104.(d) 105.(d) 106.(b) 107.(b) 108.(d)
109.(c) 110.(c) 111.(a) 112.(c) 113.(b) 114.(c)
115.(a) 116.(a) 117.(c) 118.(c) 119.(b) 120.(c)
121.(c) 122.(c) 123.(b) 124.(c) 125.(a) 126.(c)
127.(b) 128.(d) 129.(a) 130.(b) 131.(d) 132.(c)
133.(a) 134.(b) 135.(a) 136.(a) 137.(b) 138.(d)
139.(d) 140.(b) 141.(d) 142.(d) 143.(c) 144.(a)
145.(d) 146.(b) 147.(c) 148.(c) 149.(a) 150.(a)
151.(c) 152.(c) 153.(b) 154.(d) 155.(a) 156.(d)
157.(a) 158.(b) 159.(c) 160.(c) 161.(d) 162.(a)
163.(c) 164.(c) 165.(a) 166.(a) 167.(c) 168.(b)
161.(d) 162.(a) 163.(c) 164.(c) 165.(a) 166.(a)
167.(c) 168.(b) 169.(d) 170.(c) 171.(a) 172.(d)
173.(d) 174.(a) 175.(c) 176.(b) 177.(b) 178.(c)
179.(a) 180.(c) 181.(a) 182.(a) 183.(c) 184.(b)
185.(b) 186.(c) 187.(d) 188.(b)