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 Contributors
Nicole A. Bonk, MD
Assistant Professor (CHS)
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health
Madison, Wisconsin
Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Shannon M. Burke, MD
Resident, Class of 2021
BerbeeWalsh Department of Emergency Medicine
University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health
Madison, Wisconsin
Fever

Lauren J. Curato, DO, FACEP

Assistant Professor
Department of Emergency Medicine
Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons
New York-Presbyterian Hospital
New York, New York
Chest Pain and Cardiac Dysrhythmias

Bram A. Dolcourt, MD
Associate Residency Program Director
Sinai-Grace Hospital, Detroit Medical Center
Assistant Professor
Department of Emergency Medicine
Medical Toxicology
Wayne State University
Detroit, Michigan
Poisoning and Overdose

Joshua Gauger, MD, MBA

Assistant Medical Director
Assistant Professor (CHS)
BerbeeWalsh Department of Emergency Medicine
University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health
Madison, Wisconsin
Trauma, Shock, and Resuscitation

Jonah Gunalda, MD
Assistant Professor
Clerkship Director
Department of Emergency Medicine
University of Mississippi Medical Center
Jackson, Mississippi
Abdominal and Pelvic Pain
Altered Mental Status
Headache, Weakness, and Dizziness
Professionalism, Ethics, and Communication

Megan E. Gussick, MD
Assistant Professor
Assistant Medical Director, Division of Prehospital Medicine
BerbeeWalsh Department of Emergency Medicine
University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health
Madison, Wisconsin
Wound Care
Corlin Jewell, MD
Education Fellow
BerbeeWalsh Department of Emergency Medicine
University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health
Madison, Wisconsin
Environmental Exposures

Aaron Kraut, MD
Residency Program Director
Assistant Professor (CHS)
BerbeeWalsh Department of Emergency Medicine
University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health
Madison, Wisconsin
Fever

Nicholas A. Kuehnel, MD
Medical Director, Pediatric Emergency Medicine
Assistant Professor (CHS)
BerbeeWalsh Department of Emergency Medicine
University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health
Madison, Wisconsin
Pediatrics

Michael Mancera, MD, FAEMS

Associate EMS Medical Director
Assistant Professor (CHS)
BerbeeWalsh Department of Emergency Medicine
University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health
Madison, Wisconsin
Prehospital, Disaster, and Administration

Benjamin R. Parva, MD
Resident, Class of 2022
Department of Emergency Medicine
University of Mississippi Medical Center
Jackson, Mississippi
Altered Mental Status

Kaitlin Ray, MD
Assistant Residency Program Director
Assistant Professor (CHS)
BerbeeWalsh Department of Emergency Medicine
University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health
Madison, Wisconsin
Musculoskeletal Injuries

Dana Resop, MD
Assistant Director of Clinical Ultrasound
Assistant Professor
BerbeeWalsh Department of Emergency Medicine
University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health
Madison, Wisconsin
Vaginal Bleeding
Ultrasound in Emergency Medicine

Adam J. Rosh, MD, MS, FACEP

Attending Physician
Department of Emergency Medicine
Southern Ohio Medical Center
Portsmouth, Ohio

Daniel Rutz, MD
Assistant Professor (CHS)
BerbeeWalsh Department of Emergency Medicine
University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health
Madison, Wisconsin
Eye Pain and Visual Change
Endocrine Emergencies
Psychosocial Disorders
Emerging Infectious Diseases

Jessica Schmidt, MD, MPH

Assistant Ultrasound Director, Medical Student Education
Director of Global Health
Assistant Professor (CHS)
BerbeeWalsh Department of Emergency Medicine
University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health
Madison, Wisconsin
Ultrasound in Emergency Medicine

Lauren M. Titone, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Emergency Medicine
Columbia University Irving Medical Center
Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons
New York, New York
Shortness of Breath
 Contents
Introduction
Acknowledgments

Chest Pain and Cardiac Dysrhythmias

Questions
Answers

Shortness of Breath
Questions
Answers

Abdominal and Pelvic Pain

Questions
Answers

Trauma, Shock, and Resuscitation

Questions
Answers

Fever
Questions
Answers

Poisoning and Overdose

Questions
Answers
 Altered Mental Status
Questions
Answers

Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Questions
Answers

Musculoskeletal Injuries
Questions
Answers

Headache, Weakness, and Dizziness

Questions
Answers

Pediatrics
Questions
Answers

Vaginal Bleeding
Questions
Answers

Ultrasound in Emergency Medicine

Questions
Answers

Environmental Exposures
Questions
Answers
 Eye Pain and Visual Change
Questions
Answers

Prehospital, Disaster, and Administration

Questions
Answers

Wound Care
Questions
Answers

Endocrine Emergencies
Questions
Answers

Psychosocial Disorders
Questions
Answers

Emerging Infectious Diseases

Questions
Answers

Professionalism, Ethics, and Communication

Questions
Answers

Index
 Introduction
Emergency Medicine: PreTest® Self-Assessment and Review, Fifth
Edition, is intended to provide medical students, as well as house
officers and physicians, with a convenient tool for assessing and
improving their knowledge of emergency medicine. The 570
questions in this book are similar in format and complexity to those
included in step 2 of the United States Medical Licensing
Examination (USMLE). They may also be a useful study tool for step
3, the National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME) Emergency
Medicine and other clerkship examinations.
Each question in this book has a corresponding answer and a
short discussion of various issues raised by the question and its
answer. For multiple-choice questions, the one best response to
each question should be selected. A listing of subject-based
recommended readings follows each chapter.
To simulate the time constraints imposed by the qualifying
examinations for which this book is intended as a practice guide, the
student or physician should allot approximately 1 minute for each
question. After answering all questions in a chapter, as much time as
necessary should be spent reviewing the explanations for each
question at the end of the chapter. Attention should be given to all
explanations, even if the examinee answered the question correctly.
Those seeking more information on a subject should refer to the
recommended reading lists or to other standard texts in emergency
medicine.
Discovering Diverse Content Through
Random Scribd Documents
 Yet she her selfe the more doth magnify,
And euen to her foes her mercies multiply.

Mongst many which maligne her happy state, xviii

There is a mighty man, which wonnes here by[325]
That with most fell despight and deadly hate,
Seekes to subuert her Crowne and dignity,
And all his powre doth thereunto apply:
And her good Knights, of which so braue a band
Serues her, as any Princesse vnder sky,
He either spoiles, if they against him stand,
Or to his part allures, and bribeth vnder hand.

Ne him sufficeth all the wrong and ill, xix

Which he vnto her people does each day,
But that he seekes by traytrous traines to spill
Her person, and her sacred selfe to slay:
That O ye heauens defend, and turne away
From her, vnto the miscreant him selfe,
That neither hath religion nor fay,
But makes his God of his vngodly pelfe,
And Idols serues; so let his Idols serue the Elfe.

To all which cruell tyranny they say, xx

He is prouokt, and stird vp day and night
By his bad wife, that hight Adicia,
Who counsels him through confidence of might,
To breake all bonds of law, and rules of right.
For she her selfe professeth mortall foe
To Iustice, and against her still doth fight,
Working to all, that loue her, deadly woe,
And making all her Knights and people to doe so.

Which my liege Lady seeing, thought it best, xxi

With that his wife in friendly wise to deale,
For stint of strife, and stablishment of rest
Both to her selfe, and to her common weale,
 And all forepast displeasures to repeale.
So me in message vnto her she sent,
To treat with her by way of enterdeale,
Of finall peace and faire attonement,
Which might concluded be by mutuall consent.

All times haue wont safe passage to afford xxii

To messengers, that come for causes iust:
But this proude Dame disdayning all accord,
Not onely into bitter termes forth brust,
Reuiling me, and rayling as she lust,
But lastly to make proofe of vtmost shame,
Me like a dog she out of dores did thrust,
Miscalling me by many a bitter name,
That neuer did her ill, ne once deserued blame.

And lastly, that no shame might wanting be, xxiii

When I was gone, soone after me she sent
These two false Knights, whom there ye lying see,
To be by them dishonoured and shent:
But thankt be God, and your good hardiment,
They haue the price of their owne folly payd.
So said this Damzell, that hight Samient,
And to those knights, for their so noble ayd,
Her selfe most gratefull shew’d, and heaped thanks repayd.

But they now hauing throughly heard, and seene xxiv

Al those great wrongs, the which that mayd complained[326]
To haue bene done against her Lady Queene,
By that proud dame, which her so much disdained,
Were moued much thereat, and twixt them fained,
With all their force to worke auengement strong
Vppon the Souldan selfe, which it mayntained,
And on his Lady, th’author of that wrong,
And vppon all those Knights, that did to her belong.

But thinking best by counterfet disguise xxv

 To their deseigne to make the easier way,
They did this complot twixt them selues deuise,
First, that sir Artegall should him array,
Like one of those two Knights, which dead there lay.
And then that Damzell, the sad Samient,
Should as his purchast prize with him conuay
Vnto the Souldans court, her to present
Vnto his scornefull Lady, that for her had sent.

So as they had deuiz’d, sir Artegall xxvi

Him clad in th’armour of a Pagan knight,
And taking with him, as his vanquisht thrall,
That Damzell, led her to the Souldans right.
Where soone as his proud wife of her had sight,
Forth of her window as she looking lay,
She weened streight, it was her Paynim Knight,
Which brought that Damzell, as his purchast pray;
And sent to him a Page, that mote direct his way.

Who bringing them to their appointed place, xxvii

Offred his seruice to disarme the Knight;
But he refusing him to let vnlace,
For doubt to be discouered by his sight,
Kept himselfe still in his straunge armour dight.
Soone after whom the Prince arriued there,
And sending to the Souldan in despight
A bold defyance, did of him requere
That Damzell, whom he held as wrongfull prisonere.

Wherewith the Souldan all with furie fraught, xxviii

Swearing, and banning most blasphemously,
Commaunded straight his armour to be brought,
And mounting straight vpon a charret hye,
With yron wheeles and hookes arm’d dreadfully,
And drawne of cruell steedes, which he had fed
With flesh of men, whom through fell tyranny
He slaughtred had, and ere they were halfe ded,
Their bodies to his beasts for prouender did spred.

So forth he came all in a cote of plate, xxix

Burnisht with bloudie rust, whiles on the greene
The Briton Prince him readie did awayte,
In glistering armes right goodly well beseene,
That shone as bright, as doth the heauen sheene;
And by his stirrup Talus did attend,
Playing his pages part, as he had beene
Before directed by his Lord; to th’end
He should his flale to finall execution bend.

Thus goe they both together to their geare, xxx

With like fierce minds, but meanings different:
For the proud Souldan with presumpteous[327] cheare,
And countenance sublime and insolent,
Sought onely slaughter and auengement:
But the braue Prince for honour and for right,
Gainst tortious powre and lawlesse regiment,
In the behalfe of wronged weake did fight:
More in his causes truth he trusted then in might.

Like to the Thracian Tyrant, who they say xxxi

Vnto his horses gaue his guests for meat,
Till he himselfe was made their greedie pray,
And torne in peeces by Alcides great.
So thought the Souldan in his follies threat,
Either the Prince in peeces to haue torne
With his sharpe wheeles, in his first rages heat,
Or vnder his fierce horses feet haue borne
And trampled downe in dust his thoughts disdained scorne.

But the bold child that perill well espying, xxxii

If he too rashly to his charet drew,
Gaue way vnto his horses speedie flying,
And their resistlesse rigour did eschew.
Yet as he passed by, the Pagan threw
 A shiuering dart with so impetuous force,
That had he not it shun’d with heedfull vew,
It had himselfe transfixed, or his horse,
Or made them both one masse withouten more remorse.

Oft drew the Prince vnto his charret nigh, xxxiii

In hope some stroke to fasten on him neare;
But he was mounted in his seat so high,
And his wingfooted coursers him did beare
So fast away, that ere his readie speare
He could aduance, he farre was gone and past.
Yet still he him did follow euery where,
And followed was of him likewise full fast;
So long as in his steedes the flaming breath did last.

Againe the Pagan threw another dart, xxxiv

Of which he had with him abundant store,
On euery side of his embatteld cart,
And of all other weapons lesse or more,
Which warlike vses had deuiz’d of yore.
The wicked shaft guyded through th’ayrie wyde,
By some bad spirit, that it to mischiefe bore,
Stayd not, till through his curat it did glyde,
And made a griesly wound in his enriuen side.

Much was he grieued with that haplesse throe, xxxv

That opened had the welspring of his blood;
But much the more that to his hatefull foe
He mote not come, to wreake his wrathfull mood.
That made him raue, like to a Lyon wood,
Which being wounded of the huntsmans hand
Can not come neare him in the couert wood,
Where he with boughes hath built his shady stand,
And fenst himselfe about with many a flaming brand.

Still when he sought t’approch vnto him ny, xxxvi

His charret wheeles about him whirled round,
And made him backe againe as fast to fly;
 And eke his steedes like to an hungry hound,
That hunting after game hath carrion found,
So cruelly did him pursew and chace,
That his good steed, all were he much renound
For noble courage, and for hardie race,
Durst not endure their sight, but fled from place to place.

Thus long they trast, and trauerst to and fro, xxxvii

Seeking by euery way to make some breach,
Yet could the Prince not nigh vnto him goe,
That one sure stroke he might vnto him reach,
Whereby his strengthes assay he might him teach.
At last from his victorious shield he drew
The vaile, which did his powrefull light empeach;
And comming full before his horses vew,
As they vpon him prest, it plaine to them did shew.

Like lightening flash, that hath the gazer burned, xxxviii

So did the sight thereof their sense dismay,
That backe againe vpon themselues they turned,
And with their ryder ranne perforce away:
Ne could the Souldan them from flying stay,
With raynes, or wonted rule, as well he knew.
Nought feared they, what he could do, or say,
But th’onely feare, that was before their vew;
From which like mazed deare, dismayfully they flew.

Fast did they fly, as them their feete could beare, xxxix
High ouer hilles, and lowly ouer dales,
As they were follow’d of their former feare.
In vaine the Pagan bannes, and sweares, and rayles,
And backe with both his hands vnto him hayles
The resty raynes, regarded now no more:
He to them calles and speakes, yet nought auayles;
They heare him not, they haue forgot his lore,
But go, which way they list, their guide they haue forlore.

As when the firie-mouthed steeds, which drew xl

 The Sunnes bright wayne to Phaetons decay,
Soone as they did the monstrous Scorpion vew,
With vgly craples crawling in their way,
The dreadfull sight did them so sore affray,
That their well knowen[328] courses they forwent,
And leading th’euer-burning lampe astray,
This lower world nigh all to ashes brent,
And left their scorched path yet in the firmament.

Such was the furie of these head-strong steeds, xli

Soone as the infants sunlike shield they saw,
That all obedience both to words and deeds
They quite forgot, and scornd all former law;
Through woods, and rocks, and mountaines they did draw
The yron charet, and the wheeles did teare,
And tost the Paynim, without feare or awe;
From side to side they tost him here and there,
Crying to them in vaine, that nould his crying heare.

Yet still the Prince pursew’d him close behind, xlii

Oft making offer him to smite, but found
No easie meanes according to his mind.
At last they haue all ouerthrowne to ground
Quite topside turuey, and the pagan hound
Amongst the yron hookes and graples keene,
Torne all to rags, and rent with many a wound,
That no whole peece of him was to be seene,
But scattred all about, and strow’d vpon the greene.

Like as the cursed sonne of Theseus, xliii

That following his chace in dewy morne,
To fly his stepdames loues outrageous,
Of his owne steedes was all to peeces torne,
And his faire limbs left in the woods forlorne;
That for his sake Diana did lament,
And all the wooddy Nymphes did wayle and mourne.
So was this Souldan rapt and all to rent,
That of his shape appear’d no litle moniment.

Onely his shield and armour, which there lay, xliv

Though nothing whole, but all to brusd and broken,
He vp did take, and with him brought away,
That mote remaine for an eternall token
To all, mongst whom this storie should be spoken,
How worthily, by heauens high decree,
Iustice that day of wrong her selfe had wroken,
That all men which that spectacle did see,
By like ensample mote for euer warned bee.

So on a tree, before the Tyrants dore, xlv

He caused them be hung in all mens sight,
To be a moniment for euermore.
Which when his Ladie from the castles hight
Beheld, it much appald her troubled spright:
Yet not, as women wont in dolefull fit,
She was dismayd, or faynted through affright,
But gathered vnto her her troubled wit,
And gan eftsoones deuize to be aueng’d for it.

Streight downe she ranne, like an enraged cow, xlvi

That is berobbed of her youngling dere,
With knife in hand, and fatally did vow,
To wreake her on that mayden messengere,
Whom she had causd be kept as prisonere,
By Artegall, misween’d for her owne Knight,
That brought her backe. And comming present there,
She at her ran with all her force and might,
All flaming with reuenge and furious despight.

Like raging Ino, when with knife in hand xlvii

She threw her husbands murdred infant out,
Or fell Medea, when on Colchicke strand
Her brothers bones she scattered all about;
Or as that madding mother, mongst the rout
Of Bacchus Priests her owne deare flesh did teare.
 Yet neither Ino, nor Medea stout,
Nor all the Mœnades so furious were,
As this bold woman, when she saw that Damzell there.

But Artegall being thereof aware, xlviii

Did stay her cruell hand, ere she her raught,
And as she did her selfe to strike prepare,
Out of her fist the wicked weapon caught:
With that like one enfelon’d or distraught,
She forth did rome, whether[329] her rage her bore,
With franticke passion, and with furie fraught;
And breaking forth out at a posterne dore,
Vnto the wyld wood ranne, her dolours to deplore.

As a mad[330] bytch, when as the franticke fit xlix

Her burning tongue with rage inflamed hath,
Doth runne at randon, and with furious bit
Snatching at euery thing, doth wreake her wrath
On man and beast, that commeth in her path.
There they doe say, that she transformed was
Into a Tygre, and that Tygres scath
In crueltie and outrage she did pas,
To proue her surname true, that she imposed has.

Then Artegall himselfe discouering plaine, l

Did issue forth gainst all that warlike rout
Of knights and armed men, which did maintaine
That Ladies part, and to the Souldan lout:
All which he did assault with courage stout,
All were they nigh an hundred knights of name,
And like wyld Goates them chaced all about,
Flying from place to place with cowheard[331] shame,
So that with finall force them all he ouercame.

Then caused he the gates be opened wyde, li

And there the Prince, as victour of that day,
With tryumph entertayn’d and glorifyde,
 Presenting him with all the rich array,
And roiall pompe, which there long hidden lay,
Purchast through lawlesse powre and tortious wrong
Of that proud Souldan, whom he earst did slay.
So both for rest there hauing stayd not long,
Marcht with that mayd, fit matter for another song.

FOOTNOTES:
[320] viii 1 hm 1596
[321] 7 despiteous 1609
[322] xiii 1 sir 1596, 1609
[323] xiv 3 Since] Sith 1609
[324] xvi 1 them] then 1596
[325] xviii 2 hereby 1609
[326] xxiv 2 complained. 1596
[327] xxx 3 presumptuous 1609
[328] xl 6 knowne 1596
[329] xlviii 6 whither 1609
[330] xlix 1 mad] bad 1609
[331] 1 8 coward 1609 passim
 Cant. IX.

Arthur and Artegall catch Guyle

whom Talus doth dismay,
They to Mercillaes pallace come,
and see her rich array.

What Tygre, or what other salvage wight i

Is so exceeding furious and fell,
As wrong, when it hath arm’d it selfe with might?
Not fit mongst men, that doe with reason mell,
But mongst wyld beasts and saluage woods to dwell;
Where still the stronger doth the weake deuoure,
And they that most in boldnesse doe excell,
Are dreadded most, and feared for their powre:
Fit for Adicia, there to build her wicked bowre.

There let her wonne farre from resort of men, ii

Where righteous Artegall her late exyled;
There let her euer keepe her damned den,
Where none may be with her lewd parts defyled,
Nor none but beasts may be of her despoyled:
And turne we to the noble Prince, where late
We did him leaue, after that he had foyled
The cruell Souldan, and with dreadfull fate
Had vtterly subuerted his vnrighteous state.

Where hauing with Sir Artegall a space iii

Well solast in that Souldans late delight,
They both resoluing now to leaue the place,
Both it and all the wealth therein behight
Vnto that Damzell in her Ladies right,
And so would haue departed on their way.
But she them woo’d by all the meanes she might,
And earnestly besought, to wend that day
With her, to see her Ladie thence not farre away.

By whose entreatie both they ouercommen, iv

Agree to goe with her, and by the way,
(As often falles) of sundry things did commen.
Mongst which that Damzell did to them bewray
A straunge aduenture, which not farre thence lay;
To weet a wicked villaine, bold and stout,
Which wonned in a rocke not farre away,
That robbed all the countrie there about,
And brought the pillage home, whence none could get it out.

Thereto both his owne wylie wit, (she sayd) v

And eke the fastnesse of his dwelling place,
Both vnassaylable, gaue him great ayde:
For he so crafty was to forge and face,
So light of hand, and nymble of his pace,
So smooth of tongue, and subtile in his tale,
That could deceiue one looking in his face;
Therefore by name Malengin they him call,
Well knowen by his feates, and famous ouer all.

Through these his slights he many doth confound, vi

And eke the rocke, in which he wonts to dwell,
Is wondrous strong, and hewen farre vnder ground
A dreadfull depth, how deepe no man can tell;
But some doe say, it goeth downe to hell.
And all within, it full of wyndings is,
 And hidden wayes, that scarse an hound by smell
Can follow out those false footsteps of his,
Ne none can backe returne, that once are gone amis.

Which when those knights had heard, their harts gan earne[332], vii
To vnderstand that villeins dwelling place,
And greatly it desir’d of her to learne,
And by which way they towards it should trace.
Were not (sayd she) that it should let your pace
Towards my Ladies presence by you ment,
I would you guyde directly to the place.
Then let not that (said they) stay your intent;
For neither will one foot, till we that carle haue hent.

So forth they past, till they approched ny viii

Vnto the rocke, where was the villains won,
Which when the Damzell neare at hand did spy,
She warn’d the knights thereof: who thereupon
Gan to aduize, what best were to be done.
So both agreed, to send that mayd afore,
Where she might sit nigh to the den alone,
Wayling, and raysing pittifull vprore,
As if she did some great calamitie deplore.

With noyse whereof when as the caytiue carle ix

Should issue forth, in hope to find some spoyle,
They in awayt would closely him ensnarle,
Ere to his den he backward could recoyle,
And so would hope him easily to foyle.
The Damzell straight went, as she was directed,
Vnto the rocke, and there vpon the soyle
Hauing her selfe in wretched wize abiected,
Gan weepe and wayle, as if great griefe had her affected.

The cry whereof entring the hollow caue, x

Eftsoones brought forth the villaine, as they ment,
With hope of her some wishfull boot to haue.
 Full dreadfull wight he was, as euer went
Vpon the earth, with hollow eyes deepe pent,
And long curld locks, that downe his shoulders shagged,
And on his backe an vncouth vestiment
Made of straunge[333] stuffe, but all to worne and ragged,
And vnderneath his breech was all to torne and iagged.

And in his hand an huge long staffe he held, xi

Whose top was arm’d with many an yron hooke,
Fit to catch hold of all that he could weld,
Or in the compasse of his clouches tooke;
And euer round about he cast his looke.
Als at his backe a great wyde net he bore,
With which he seldome fished at the brooke,
But vsd to fish for fooles on the dry shore,
Of which he in faire weather wont to take great store.

Him when the damzell saw fast by her side, xii

So vgly creature, she was nigh dismayd,
And now for helpe aloud in earnest cride.
But when the villaine saw her so affrayd,
He gan with guilefull words her to perswade,
To banish feare, and with Sardonian smyle
Laughing on her, his false intent to shade,
Gan forth to lay his bayte her to beguyle,
That from her self vnwares he might her steale the whyle.

Like as the fouler on his guilefull pype xiii

Charmes to the birds full many a pleasant lay,
That they the whiles may take lesse heedie keepe,
How he his nets doth for their ruine lay:
So did the villaine to her prate and play,
And many pleasant trickes before her show,
To turne her eyes from his intent away:
For he in slights and iugling feates did flow,
And of legierdemayne the mysteries did know.
To which whilest she lent her intentiue mind, xiv
He suddenly his net vpon her threw,
That ouersprad her like a puffe of wind;
And snatching her soone vp, ere well she knew,
Ran with her fast away vnto his mew,
Crying for helpe aloud. But when as ny
He came vnto his caue, and there did vew
The armed knights stopping his passage by,
He threw his burden downe, and fast away did fly.

But Artegall him after did pursew, xv

The whiles the Prince there kept the entrance still:
Vp to the rocke he ran, and thereon flew
Like a wyld Gote, leaping from hill to hill,
And dauncing on the craggy cliffes at will;
That deadly daunger seem’d in all mens sight,
To tempt such steps, where footing was so ill:
Ne ought auayled for the armed knight,
To thinke to follow him, that was so swift and light.

Which when he saw, his yron man he sent, xvi

To follow him; for he was swift in chace.
He him pursewd, where euer that he went,
Both ouer rockes, and hilles, and euery place,
Where so he fled, he followd him apace:
So that he shortly forst him to forsake
The hight, and downe descend vnto the base.
There he him courst a fresh, and soone did make
To leaue his proper forme, and other shape to take.

Into a Foxe himselfe he first did tourne; xvii

But he him hunted like a Foxe full fast:
Then to a bush himselfe he did transforme,
But he the bush did beat, till that at last
Into a bird it chaung’d, and from him past,
Flying from tree to tree, from wand to wand:
But he then stones at it so long did cast,
 That like a stone it fell vpon the land,
But he then tooke it vp, and held fast in his hand.

So he it brought with him vnto the knights, xviii

And to his Lord Sir Artegall it lent,
Warning him hold it fast, for feare of slights.
Who whilest in hand it gryping hard[334] he hent,
Into a Hedgehogge all vnwares it went,
And prickt him so, that he away it threw.
Then gan it runne away incontinent,
Being returned to his former hew:
But Talus soone him ouertooke, and backward drew.

But when as he would to a snake againe xix

Haue turn’d himselfe, he with his yron flayle
Gan driue at him, with so huge might and maine,
That all his bones, as small as sandy grayle
He broke, and did his bowels disentrayle;
Crying in vaine for helpe, when helpe was past.
So did deceipt the selfe deceiuer fayle,
There they him left a carrion outcast;
For beasts and foules to feede vpon for their repast.

Thence forth they passed with that gentle Mayd, xx

To see her Ladie, as they did agree.
To which when she approched, thus she sayd;
Loe now, right noble knights, arriu’d ye bee
Nigh to the place, which ye desir’d to see:
There shall ye see my souerayne Lady Queene
Most sacred wight, most debonayre and free,
That euer yet vpon this earth was seene,
Or that with Diademe hath euer crowned beene.

The gentle knights reioyced much to heare xxi

The prayses of that Prince so manifold,
And passing litle further, commen were,
Where they a stately pallace did behold,
 Of pompous show, much more then she had told;
With many towres, and tarras mounted hye,
And all their tops bright glistering with gold,
That seemed to outshine the dimmed skye,
And with their brightnesse daz’d the straunge beholders eye.

There they alighting, by that Damzell were xxii

Directed in, and shewed all the sight:
Whose porch, that most magnificke did appeare,
Stood open wyde to all men day and night;
Yet warded well by one of mickle might,
That sate thereby, with gyantlike resemblance,
To keepe out guyle, and malice, and despight,
That vnder shew oftimes[335] of fayned semblance,
Are wont in Princes courts to worke great scath and hindrance.

His name was Awe; by whom they passing in xxiii

Went vp the hall, that was a large wyde roome,
All full of people making troublous din,
And wondrous noyse, as if that there were some,
Which vnto them was dealing righteous doome.
By whom they passing, through the thickest preasse,
The marshall of the hall to them did come;
His name hight Order, who commaunding peace,
Them guyded through the throng, that did their clamors ceasse.

They ceast their clamors vpon them to gaze; xxiv

Whom seeing all in armour bright as day,
Straunge there to see, it did them much amaze,
And with vnwonted terror halfe affray.
For neuer saw they there the like array,
Ne euer was the name of warre there spoken,
But ioyous peace and quietnesse alway,
Dealing iust iudgements, that mote not be broken
For any brybes, or threates of any to be wroken.

There as they entred at the Scriene, they saw xxv

 Some one, whose tongue was for his trespasse vyle
Nayld to a post, adiudged so by law:
For that therewith he falsely did reuyle,
And foule blaspheme that Queene for forged guyle,
Both with bold speaches, which he blazed had,
And with lewd poems, which he did compyle;
For the bold title of a Poet bad
He on himselfe had ta’en, and rayling rymes had sprad.

Thus there he stood, whylest high ouer his head, xxvi

There written was the purport of his sin,
In cyphers strange, that few could rightly read,
BON FONT[336]: but bon that once had written bin,
Was raced out, and Mal was now put in.
So now Malfont was plainely to be red;
Eyther for th’euill, which he did therein,
Or that he likened was to a welhed
Of euill words, and wicked sclaunders[337] by him shed.

They passing by, were guyded by degree xxvii

Vnto the presence of that gratious Queene:
Who sate on high, that she might all men see,
And might of all men royally be seene,
Vpon a throne of gold full bright and sheene,
Adorned all with gemmes of endlesse price,
As either might for wealth haue gotten bene,
Or could be fram’d by workmans rare deuice;
And all embost with Lyons and with Flourdelice.

All ouer her a cloth of state was spred, xxviii

Not of rich tissew, nor of cloth of gold,
Nor of ought else, that may be richest red,
But like a cloud, as likest may be told,
That her brode spreading wings did wyde vnfold;
Whose skirts were bordred with bright sunny beams,
Glistring like gold, amongst the plights enrold,
And here and there shooting forth siluer streames,
Mongst which crept litle Angels through the glittering gleames.

Seemed those litle Angels did vphold xxix

The cloth of state, and on their purpled wings
Did beare the pendants, through their nimblesse bold:
Besides a thousand more of such, as sings
Hymnes to high God, and carols heauenly things,
Encompassed the throne, on which she sate:
She Angel-like, the heyre of ancient kings
And mightie Conquerors, in royall state,
Whylest kings and kesars at her feet did them prostrate.

Thus she did sit in souerayne Maiestie, xxx

Holding a Scepter in her royall hand,
The sacred pledge of peace and clemencie,
With which high God had blest her happie land,
Maugre so many foes, which did withstand.
But at her feet her sword was likewise layde,
Whose long rest rusted the bright steely brand;
Yet when as foes enforst, or friends sought ayde,
She could it sternely draw, that all the world dismayde.

And round about, before her feet there sate xxxi

A beuie of faire Virgins clad in white,
That goodly seem’d t’adorne her royall state,
All louely daughters of high Ioue, that hight[338]
Litæ,[339] by him begot in loues delight,
Vpon the righteous Themis: those they say
Vpon Ioues iudgement seat wayt day and night,
And when in wrath he threats the worlds decay,
They doe his anger calme, and cruell vengeance stay.

They also doe by his diuine permission xxxii

Vpon the thrones of mortall Princes tend,
And often treat for pardon and remission
To suppliants, through frayltie which offend.
Those did vpon Mercillaes throne attend:
 Iust Dice, wise Eunomie, myld Eirene,
And them amongst, her glorie to commend,
Sate goodly Temperance in garments clene,
And sacred Reuerence, yborne of heauenly strene.

Thus did she sit in royall rich estate, xxxiii

Admyr’d of many, honoured of all,
Whylest vnderneath her feete, there as she sate,
An huge great Lyon lay, that mote appall
An hardie courage, like captiued thrall,
With a strong yron chaine and coller bound,
That once he could not moue, nor quich at all;
Yet did he murmure with rebellious[340] sound,
And softly royne, when saluage choler gan redound.

So sitting high in dreaded souerayntie, xxxiv

Those two strange knights were to her presence brought;
Who bowing low before her Maiestie,
Did to her myld obeysance, as they ought,
And meekest boone, that they imagine mought.
To whom she eke inclyning her withall,
As a faire stoupe of her high soaring thought,
A chearefull countenance on them let fall,
Yet tempred with some maiestie imperiall.

As the bright sunne, what time his fierie teme xxxv

Towards the westerne brim begins to draw,
Gins to abate the brightnesse of his beme,
And feruour of his flames somewhat adaw:
So did this mightie Ladie, when she saw
Those two strange knights such homage to her make,
Bate somewhat of that Maiestie and awe,
That whylome wont to doe so many quake,
And with more myld aspect those two to entertake.

Now at that instant, as occasion fell, xxxvi

When these two stranger knights arriv’d in place,
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