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Topic Test-G
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PHYSICS
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Next: Topic Test-H, 8th March
LEGENDS PHYSICS 1st March 2023

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 Paper-1

01.35 Two copper wires X and Y have the same volume. Wire Y is four times as long as wire X.

resistance of wire Y
What is the ratio ?
resistance of wire X

A1 B4 C8 D 16

02.34 A simple circuit comprises a source of electromotive force (e.m.f.) connected to a load.

How does the output power P of the source depend on the internal resistance r of the source and
the resistance R of the load?
A P is independent of both r and R.
B P depends on r but not on R.
C P depends on R but not on r.
D P depends on both r and R.
03.30 A slice of germanium of cross-sectional area 1.0 cm2 carries a current of 56 µA. The number density
of charge carriers in the germanium is 2.0 × 1013 cm–3. Each charge carrier has a charge equal to the
charge on an electron.

What is the average drift velocity of the charge carriers in the germanium?
A 0.18 m s–1 B 18 m s–1 C 180 m s–1 D 1800 m s–1

04.34 Two copper wires are joined together and carry a current, as shown.

Wire P has diameter d and wire Q has diameter 2d.

5.33. What is a description of the coulomb?

A the electric charge of one electron
B the electric charge transferred by a current of one ampere in one second
C the kinetic energy gained by an electron accelerated through a potential difference of one volt

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 D the kinetic energy of an electron moving at a speed of one metre per second

06.32 The power output of an electrical supply is 2.4kW at a potential difference (p.d.) of 240 V. The two
wires between the supply and a kettle each have a resistance of 0.50Ω, as shown.

What is the power supplied to the kettle and what is the p.d. across the kettle?

07.35 A resistor X of resistance 40 and a variable resistor are connected to a battery of electromotive force
(e.m.f.) 12 V and internal resistance 2.0 , as shown.

The resistance of the variable resistor is changed from 0 to 40 .

What is the change in power dissipated in resistor X?
A 2.4 W B 2.7 W C 3.6 W D 5.6 W
8.32 A fixed resistor of resistance 12 Ω is connected to a battery. There is a current of 0.20 A in the resistor.
The current is now doubled.
What is the new power dissipated in the resistor? A 0.48 W
B 0.96 W C 1.9 W D 4.8 W
09.33. A mobile phone battery is charged by connecting it to a constant potential difference of 5.0 V.
After a time of 1.0 hour, the initial current of 0.50 A slowly decreases to zero, as shown.

What is the best estimate of the energy transferred to the battery during the time of 2.0 hours shown
in the graph?
A 2700 J B 9000 J C 14 000 J D 18 000 J
10.31. In the circuit shown, lamp P is rated 250 V, 50 W and lamp Q is rated 250 V, 200 W. The two lamps
are connected in series to a 250 V power supply.

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 Assume that the resistance of each lamp remains constant.

Which statement most accurately describes what happens when the switch is closed?

A Lamp P emits four times as much power as lamp Q.

B Lamp P emits twice as much power as lamp Q.
C Lamp Q emits four times as much power as lamp P.
D Lamp Q emits twice as much power as lamp P.

11.35 A wire of length L has resistance R. The cross-section of the wire is circular with radius r.
𝑅
A second wire, also of circular cross-section, and of the same material, has resistance .
2

What could be the radius and the length of the second wire?

12.36 A battery of negligible internal resistance may be connected between any two points P, Q, R and S of
the network of resistors shown.

Which connections will give the largest current and the smallest current in the battery?

13.34 Which graph shows the variation with current I of the potential difference V of a filament lamp?

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14.37 Three identical resistors can be connected together in four different ways.
The resistances of two of these combinations are 4.0  and 9.0 .
What is the resistance of each individual resistor?
A 3.0  B 6.0  C 12  D 18 

15.32. A piece of wire has a length of 0.80 m and a diameter of 5.0 × 10–4 m. The I–V characteristic of the
wire is shown.

What is the resistivity of the metal from which the wire is made?

A 1.2 × 10–7 Ωm
B 1.6 × 10–7 Ωm
C 4.9 × 10–7 Ωm
D 2.0 × 10–6 Ωm

16.37 In the circuit shown, the ammeter reading is zero.

What is the resistance of resistor R?

A 100  B 200  C 400  D 600 
17.36 A cell of internal resistance r and electromotive force (e.m.f.) E is connected in series with a
resistor of resistance R.

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 The resistance R and the e.m.f. E remain fixed. The internal resistance r of the cell changes over
time.

Which graph best shows the variation of the current I in the circuit with the internal resistance r ?

18.38 Two cells of electromotive force (e.m.f.) 3.0 V and 1.2 V and negligible internal resistance are
connected to resistors of resistance 9.0Ω and 18Ω as shown.

What is the current I in the 9.0Ω resistor?

A 0.10 A B 0.20 A C 0.30 A D 0.47 A
19.37 Kirchhoff’s first and second laws link to the conservation of physical quantities.
Which quantities do they link to?

20. Three identical cells, each of electromotive force (e.m.f.) E and internal resistance r, are connected as
shown.

What is the potential difference between points X and Y?

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 A0 BE C 2E D 3E

21.37 The circuit shown contains a resistor S that is neither in series nor in parallel with the other
resistors.

Kirchhoff’s laws can be used with the data in the diagram to deduce the resistance of each of the two
identical resistors labelled R.
What is the resistance of each resistor R?

A 3.0Ω B 4.0Ω C 4.8Ω D 5.0Ω

22.34 In the circuit shown, the batteries have negligible internal resistance.

What are the values of the currents I1, I2 and I3?

23.38 Two cells are investigated using a potentiometer. At the balance point, cell X gives a reading of 44
cm and cell Y gives a reading of 70 cm.

Which statement is not correct?

A A potentiometer balance point results in zero current through the galvanometer.
B At the balance point, the current through resistor R in both circuits is the same.
C The electromotive force (e.m.f.) of cell X is larger than that of cell Y.
D The value of the e.m.f. of each of the cells X and Y is less than 6 V.

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24.36 The diagram shows a circuit containing four voltmeters. The readings on the voltmeters are V1, V2,
V3 and V4. All the readings are positive.

Which equation relating the voltmeter readings is correct?

A V1 = V2 + V4
B V1 = V2 + V3 + V4
C V2 + V3 = V4
D V3 + V4 – V2 = 0
25.37 Which row correctly describes Kirchhoff’s laws?

26.37. A battery of electromotive force (e.m.f.) E and negligible internal resistance is connected to four
resistors of resistances R1, R2, R3 and R4.

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 The currents I1 and I2 in the resistors are as shown.
Which equation is correct?
A 0 = I1(R1 + R2) + I2(R3 + R4)
B 0 = I1(R1 + R2) – I2(R3 + R4)
C E = I1(R1 + R2) + I2(R3 + R4)
D E = I1(R1 + R2) – I2(R3 + R4)

27.37 A circuit contains two batteries, each of negligible internal resistance, and two resistors as shown.

The galvanometer has a current reading of zero.

What is the electromotive force (e.m.f.) of battery X? A 6.0 V
B 8.0 V C 16.0 V D 18.0 V

28.37 The diagram shows a variable resistor R and two fixed resistors connected in series in a circuit to act
as a potential divider.

The cell of electromotive force (e.m.f.) 6.0 V has negligible internal resistance. A cell of e.m.f. 2.0
V and a galvanometer are connected into the potential divider. The resistance of R is varied until the
galvanometer reads zero.
What is the resistance of resistor R?
A 3.0  B 5.0  C 8.0  D 18 
29.38 A cell of electromotive force (e.m.f.) 4.0 V and negligible internal resistance is connected to a
fixed resistor of resistance 1.0Ω and a potentiometer of maximum resistance 3.0Ω, as shown.

Which range of potential differences can be obtained between the terminals X and Y?

A 0 V to 3.0 V
B 0 V to 4.0 V
C 1.0 V to 3.0V
D 1.0 V to 4.0V

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30. A potentiometer circuit is used to determine the unknown electromotive force (e.m.f.) of a cell X.
In the circuit shown, E is a cell with an e.m.f. that is known accurately. QR is the potentiometer wire,
which has a movable contact S. Contact S is connected to a galvanometer and to cell X.

What is not a necessary requirement to determine the e.m.f. of X from the circuit?

A The e.m.f. of cell X must be lower than the e.m.f. of cell E.

B The internal resistance of cell X must be known.
C The lengths QS and QR must be determined accurately.
D The resistance of the wire QR must be proportional to its length.

31. Potential differences across two resistors of resistances R1 and R2 are compared using a potentiometer
wire (uniform resistance wire) in the electrical circuit shown.

One terminal of a galvanometer is connected to point X. The galvanometer reads zero when its other
terminal is connected to a point that is a distance of 60 cm from one end of the potentiometer wire.
One terminal of a second galvanometer is connected to point Y. This galvanometer reads zero when
its other terminal is connected to a point that is a distance of 80 cm from the same end of the
potentiometer wire.

32. Ten cells, each of electromotive force (e.m.f.) 1.5 V, are connected together, as shown.

What is the combined e.m.f. between terminals X and Y?

A8V B9V C 12 V D 15 V

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 33.39 Which statement about the alpha-particle scattering experiment provides evidence for the existence
of the nucleus?

A A tiny proportion of the alpha-particles are deflected through large angles.

B Slower alpha-particles are deflected through larger angles.
C The kinetic energies of the deflected alpha-particles are unchanged.
D The number of alpha-particles deflected depends on the thickness of the foil.

34.40 Some particles are a combination of three quarks.

Which combination of quarks would not result in a particle with a charge of either +1.6 × 10 –19C
or zero?

A up, down, down

B up, strange, strange
C up, up, down
D up, up, up

35.39 Which equation describes the changes to the quark composition of a nucleus and the lepton
emission during the process of β+ decay?
A down → up + positron + electron neutrino
B down → up + positron + electron antineutrino
C up → down + positron + electron neutrino
D up → down + positron + electron antineutrino

36 What is a correct estimate of the order of magnitude of the diameter of a typical atomic nucleus?

A 10–14 m B 10–18 m C 10–22 m D 10–26 m

37 The table gives some data relating to four neutral (uncharged) atoms W, X, Y and Z.

Two of the atoms are isotopes of the same element.

What is the proton number of this element?
A7 B8 C9 D 10
38 A radioactive nucleus emits an - particle or a  – particle, creating a product nucleus.
Which decay could create the product nucleus stated?

39 An element has two isotopic forms.

What are the nuclear arrangements of these two isotopes?

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 A They have different nucleon numbers and different proton numbers.
B They have different nucleon numbers but the same proton number.
C They have the same nucleon number and the same proton number.
D They have the same nucleon number but different proton numbers.
40 A nucleus of neptunium-236 contains 93 protons and 143 neutrons. This nucleus decays with the emission
of an 𝛼-particle. The nucleus formed then emits a 𝛽 − particle.
Which diagram shows the changes in the number P of protons and the number N of neutrons in these nuclei?
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 MCQ Answer Sheet

1 A B C D
2 A B C D
3 A B C D
4 A B C D
5 A B C D
6 A B C D
7 A B C D
8 A B C D
9 A B C D
10 A B C D
11 A B C D
12 A B C D
13 A B C D
14 A B C D
15 A B C D
16 A B C D
17 A B C D
18 A B C D
19 A B C D
20 A B C D
21 A B C D
22 A B C D
23 A B C D
24 A B C D
25 A B C D
26 A B C D
27 A B C D
28 A B C D
29 A B C D
30 A B C D
31 A B C D
32 A B C D
33 A B C D
34 A B C D
35 A B C D
36 A B C D
37 A B C D
38 A B C D
39 A B C D
40 A B C D
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 Paper-2

1.6 Two resistors A and B have resistances R1 and R2 respectively. The resistors are connected in series with a
battery, as shown in Fig. 6.1.

The battery has electromotive force (e.m.f.) E and zero internal resistance.
(a) State the energy transformation that occurs in
(i) the battery,
..................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................. [1]

(ii) the resistors.

..................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................[1]

(b) The current in the circuit is Ι.

State the rate of energy transformation in
(i) the battery,

............................................................................................................................. [1]

(ii) the resistor A.

............................................................................................................................. [1]
(c) The resistors are made from metal wires. Data for the resistors are given in Fig. 6.2.

Use information from Fig. 6.2 to determine the ratio

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 ratio = .................................................. [3]
(d) The resistors A and B are connected in parallel across the same battery of e.m.f. E.
Determine the ratio

ratio = .................................................. [2]

[Total: 9]

2.3 The resistance R of a uniform metal wire is measured for different lengths l of the wire.
The variation with l of R is shown in Fig. 3.1.

Fig:3.1
(a)The points shown in Fig. 3.1 do not lie on the best-fit line. Suggest a reason for this.

...................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b)Determine the gradient of the line shown in Fig. 3.1.

gradient = .......................................................... [2]

(c) The cross-sectional area of the wire is 0.12 mm2.

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Use your answer in (b) to determine the resistivity of the metal of the wire.
 resistivity = .................................................. Ωm [3]

(d)The resistance R of different wires is measured. The wires are of the same metal and same length but have
different cross-sectional areas A.
On Fig. 3.2, sketch a graph to show the variation with A of R.

[2]
[Total: 8]

3.5 (a) Metal wire is used to connect a power supply to a lamp. The wire has a total resistance of 3.4Ω and the
metal has a resistivity of 2.6 × 10–8Ωm. The total length of the wire is 59m. 9702/21/M/J/20
(i) Show that the wire has a cross-sectional area of 4.5 × 10–7m2.

[2]

(ii) The potential difference across the total length of wire is 1.8V.
Calculate the current in the wire.

current = ...................................................... A [1]

(iii) The number density of the free electrons in the wire is 6.1×1028m–3.
Calculate the average drift speed of the free electrons in the wire.
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 average drift speed = ................................................ ms –1 [2]

(b) A different wire carries a current. This wire has a part that is thinner than the rest of the wire, as
shown in Fig. 5.1.

(i) State and explain qualitatively how the average drift speed of the free electrons in the thinner part
compares with that in the rest of the wire.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) State and explain whether the power dissipated in the thinner part is the same, less or more than the power
dissipated in an equal length of the rest of the wire.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [2]

(c) Three resistors have resistances of 180Ω, 90Ω and 30Ω.

(i) Sketch a diagram showing how two of these three resistors may be connected together to give a combined
resistance of 60Ω between the terminals shown.
Ensure you label the values of the resistances in your diagram.

[1]

(ii) A potential divider circuit is produced by connecting the three resistors to a battery of electromotive force
(e.m.f.) 12V and negligible internal resistance. The potential divider circuit provides an output potential
difference VOUT of 8.0V.

Fig. 5.2 shows the circuit diagram.

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 On Fig. 5.2, label the resistances of all three resistors and the potential difference VOUT.
[2]
[Total: 12]
4.6 A battery of electromotive force (e.m.f.) E and internal resistance r is connected to a variable resistor of
resistance R, as shown in Fig. 6.1. 9702/21/M/J/19

The current in the circuit is I and the potential difference across the variable resistor is V.
(a) Explain, in terms of energy, why V is less than E.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) State an equation relating E, I, r and V.

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(c) The resistance R of the variable resistor is varied. The variation with I of V is shown in Fig. 6.2.
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 Use Fig. 6.2 to:
(i) explain how it may be deduced that the e.m.f. of the battery is 2.8V

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) calculate the internal resistance r.

r = ...................................................... Ω [2]

(d) The battery stores 9.2kJ of energy. The variable resistor is adjusted so that V = 2.1V. Use
Fig. 6.2 to:
(i) calculate resistance R

R = ...................................................... Ω [1]

(ii) calculate the number of conduction electrons moving through the battery in a time of 1.0s

number = .......................................................... [1]

(iii) determine the time taken for the energy in the battery to become equal to 1.6kJ.
(Assume that the e.m.f. of the battery and the current in the battery remain constant.)
9

time taken = ....................................................... s [3]

Page

[Total: 10]
 05.6 (a) State Kirchhoff’s first law.
...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) The variations with potential difference V of the current I for a resistor X and for a semiconductor diode
are shown in Fig. 6.1.

(i) Determine the resistance of the diode for a potential difference V of 0.60V.

resistance = ...................................................... Ω [3]

(ii) Describe, qualitatively, the variation of the resistance of the diode as V increases from 0.60V to 0.75V.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) The diode and the resistor X in (b) are connected into the circuit shown in Fig. 6.2.
10

The cell has electromotive force (e.m.f.) E and negligible internal resistance. Resistor Y is connected in
parallel with resistor X and the diode. The current in the cell is 9.3mA and the current in the diode is 7.5 mA.
Page
 (i) Use Fig. 6.1 to determine E.

E = .......................................................V [1]
(ii) Determine the resistance of resistor Y.

resistance = ...................................................... Ω [2]

(iii) Calculate the power dissipated in the diode.

power = ......................................................W [2]

(iv) The cell is now replaced by a new cell of e.m.f. 0.50V and negligible internal resistance.
Use Fig. 6.1 to determine the new current in the diode.

current = ....................................................mA [1]

[Total: 11]
6.7 A sample of a radioactive substance may decay by the emission of either α-radiation or β-radiation
and/or γ-radiation. 9702/23/M/J/19
State the type of radiation, one in each case, that:

(a) consists of leptons

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) contains quarks

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(c) cannot be deflected by an electric field

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(d) has a continuous range of energies, rather than discrete values of energy.

...............................................................................................................................................[1]
[Total: 4]
7 A stationary nucleus of a radioactive isotope X decays by emitting an α-particle to produce a nucleus of
neptunium-237 and 5.5MeV of energy. The decay is represented by
𝑿 → 𝟐𝟑𝟕 𝟗𝟑𝑵𝒑 + 𝜶 + 𝟓. 𝟓𝑴𝒆𝑽

(a) Calculate the number of protons and the number of neutrons in a nucleus of X.
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 number of protons = ...............................................................

number of neutrons = ...........................................................[2]

(b) Explain why the energy transferred to the α-particle as kinetic energy is less than the 5.5MeV of energy
released in the decay process.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(c) A sample of X is used to produce a beam of α-particles in a vacuum. The number of α-particles
passing a fixed point in the beam in a time of 30s is 6.9 × 1011.

(i) Calculate the average current produced by the beam of α-particles.

current = ...................................................... A [2]

(ii) Determine the total power, in W, that is produced by the decay of 6.9 × 1011 nuclei of X in a time of 30s.

power = ..................................................... W [2]

[Total: 7]
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