ICT Lab

Subject: Introduction to ICT

Lab Manual No.: 05

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9.1. OBJECTIVE

1. Absolute & Relative Addressing

2. Formula Referencing b/w two sheets
3. Concatenate function
4. Nested if Else
5. Lower & Upper case of letters
6. Minimum & Maximum function
7. More Excel Formulas

9.2. Absolute vs Relative Addressing:

9.2.1. Relative Addressing

By default, all cell references are relative references. When copied across multiple cells, they change
based on the relative position of rows and columns. For example, if you copy the formula =A1+B1
from row 1 to row 2, the formula will become =A2+B2

9.2.2. Absolute Addressing

Absolute references do not change when copied or filled. You can use an absolute reference to keep
a row and/or column constant.
An absolute reference is designated in a formula by the addition of a dollar sign ($). It can precede the
column reference, the row reference, or both. To make any column absolute we write:

$A$2: The column and the row do not change when copied.

A$2: The row does not change when copied.

$A2: The column does not change when copied.

9.3. Formula Referencing b/w two Sheets:

We can use a data from sheet 1, in any formula in sheet 2. For this we write as:

=Sheet1!A1 + A1

Supposing A1 is a column from Sheet 2.

9.4.Concatenate Function
=CONCATENATE(C1," ",D1)

Supposing that c1 contains the first name of a person, and d1 contains last name. we can merge the
two name in one column cell. By using the concatenation function.

9.5. Nested If Else

=IF (F3>=90,"A",IF(F3>=80,"B",IF(F3>=70,"C","F")))

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The above function; give letter grades according to the scores, i.e., A on 90, B on 80
and C on 70.

9.6. Lower and Upper the case of Text

=LOWER(A2)
Supposing A2 contains the text, we can make the text appear in small letters by using
this function.
Similarly, to capitalize the text , we use
=Upper(A2)
The upper function capitalize the text.

9.7. Max Number & Min Number

=max(a1:a10)

To find the maximum number from a1 to a10, we use the max function. The max function returns the
maximum digits from the given range.

=min (a1:10)

To find the minimum number from a1 to a10, we use the min function. The min function returns the
minimum digits from the given range.

9.8.More Excel Formulas

9.8.1. DAYS360

Calculate the number of days between two dates.

=DAYS360(a1,a2) // a1 contains the end date and a2 contains starting date.

9.8.2. Networkdays

calculates the number of workdays (i.e., a five-day workweek) within a specified timeframe.

=NETWORKDAYS(E4,E3)

9.8.3. Count ifs

The COUNTIFS function applies criteria to cells across multiple ranges and counts the number of times
all criteria are met.

=COUNTIFS(B4:B11,">=66")

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9.8.4. Count Blank

Count the number of cells that are blank.

=COUNTBLANK(B1:B11)

9.8.5. Sum if

This formula sums the amounts in given range when they meet the criteria.

=SUMIF(B4:B13,">2")

9.8.6. TRUNC

TRUNC function remove the fractional part of a number and return the integer. For example,
TRUNC(4.9) will return 4, and TRUNC(-3.5) will return -3. TRUNC does not do any rounding, it simply
returns the integer part of the number.

TRUNC can also be used to return a set number of decimal places without rounding, using the
num_digits argument. For example, TRUNC (PI(), 2) will return 3.14 and TRUNC (PI(), 3) will return
3.141.

9.8.7. INT

INT function returns only the integer part of a decimal number. For example, INT (3.99) returns the
number 3. It's important to note that INT actually rounds down numbers to the next lowest integer
value.

So, while INT (10.8) = 10, INT(-10.8) = -11.

Use the TRUNC function if you want the exact integer part of both negative and positive numbers.

9.8.8. ROUND

The Excel ROUND function returns a number rounded to a given number of digits.

=ROUND(E10,1)

9.8.9. LEN

The Excel LEN function returns the length of a given text string as the number of characters.

=LEN(H18)

9.8.10. Substitute

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SUBSTITUTE finds and replaces old_text with new_text in a text string.

=SUBSTITUTE(cell, oldtext, newtext)

=SUBSTITUTE(H18," ","-")

9.8.11. Replace

Excel REPLACE function replaces characters specified by location in a given text string with another
text string. For example =REPLACE("XYZ123",4,3,"456") returns "XYZ456".

=REPLACE(H18,3,5,"kkkkk")

9.9.LAB ACTIVITIES

LAB TASK 1:

LAB TASK 2:

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LAB TASK 3:

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Instructor Signature: _________________