SSUET/QR/118

(Form IIa)
Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
Computer Science and Information Technology Department
Rubric Guideline for Software Based Lab
Application of information and communication Technologies (CS-129L)
1st Semester, Batch
Name of Student: Roll No.

Exceeds Expectations Meets Expectations Developing Unsatisfactory

Criteria
(>=90%) (70%-89%) (50%-69%) (<50%)

Able to use software with Able to use software with Able to use software Unable to
Software its standard and advanced its standard and advanced with its standard use the
Handling features without assistance features with minimal features with software
assistance assistance
Able to program/ simulate Able to program/ simulate Able to program/ Unable to
Programming/ the lab tasks with the lab tasks without simulate lab tasks program/simul
Simulation simplification errors with errors ate

Able to achieve all the Able to achieve all the Able to achieve Unable to
desired results with desired results most of the desired achievethe
Results alternate ways results with errors desired
results
Laboratory manual has no Laboratory manual has Laboratory manual Laboratory
grammatical and/ or very few grammatical/ has multiple manualhas
spelling errors. spelling errors. grammatical/ several
Laboratory spelling errors. grammatical/
All sections of the report All sections of the report spelling errors
Manual
are very well written and are technically accurate. Few sections of the andsentence
technically accurate. report contains construction is
technical errors. poor.
 SSUET/QR/118
[Form-IIb]
Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
Computer Science and Information Technology Department
Rubric-Laboratory Manual
Application of information and communication Technologies (CS-129L)
1st Semester, Batch
Name of Student: Roll No.
Lab Description & Score

1. Software Handling Programming/ Simulations Results Lab Report Score

( )/2 ( )/5 ( )/2 ( )/1 ( )/10

2. Software Handling Programming/ Simulations Results Lab Report Score

( )/2 ( )/5 ( )/2 ( )/1 ( )/10

3. Software Handling Programming/ Simulations Results Lab Report Score

( )/2 ( )/5 ( )/2 ( )/1 ( )/10

4. Software Handling Programming/ Simulations Results Lab Report Score

( )/2 ( )/5 ( )/2 ( )/1 ( )/10

5. Software Handling Programming/ Simulations Results Lab Report Score

( )/2 ( )/5 ( )/2 ( )/1 ( )/10

6. Software Handling Programming/ Simulations Results Lab Report Score

( )/2 ( )/5 ( )/2 ( )/1 ( )/10

7. Software Handling Programming/ Simulations Results Lab Report Score

( )/2 ( )/5 ( )/2 ( )/1 ( )/10

8. Software Handling Programming/ Simulations Results Lab Report Score

( )/2 ( )/5 ( )/2 ( )/1 ( )/10

9. Software Handling Programming/ Simulations Results Lab Report Score

( )/2 ( )/5 ( )/2 ( )/1 ( )/10

10. Software Handling Programming/ Simulations Results Lab Report Score

( )/2 ( )/5 ( )/2 ( )/1 ( )/10

11. Software Handling Programming/ Simulations Results Lab Report Score

( )/2 ( )/5 ( )/2 ( )/1 ( )/10

12. Software Handling Programming/ Simulations Results Lab Report Score

( )/2 ( )/5 ( )/2 ( )/1 ( )/10

13. Software Handling Programming/ Simulations Results Lab Report Score

( )/2 ( )/5 ( )/2 ( )/1 ( )/10

14. Software Handling Programming/ Simulations Results Lab Report Score

( )/2 ( )/5 ( )/2 ( )/1 ( )/10
TOTAL SCORE
Overall Score: out of 15 Examined by:
(Obtained Score / Total Score) (Name and Signature of concerned lab instructor)
 SSUET/QR/118
(Form IIIa)
Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
Computer Science and Information Technology Department
Rubric for Subject Project
Application of information and communication Technologies (CS-129L)
1st Semester, Batch _________
Name of Student: Roll No.

Exceeds Expectations Meets Expectations Developing Unsatisfactory Score

Criteria (>=90%) (70%-89%) (50%-69%) (<50%) Obtain
ed

Able to demonstrate Able to demonstrate Able to demonstrate Able to demonstrate

the project with the project with the project with the project with
achievement of achievement of achievement of a*t achievement of less
required objectives required objectives but least 50% required than 50% required
having clear understanding of objectives and objectives and lacks
Project understanding of project limitations and insufficient in understanding of
Demonstration project limitations future enhancements is understanding of project limitations
(4 marks) and future insufficient. Hardware project limitations and future
enhancements. and/or Software and future enhancements.
Hardware and/or modules are enhancements. Hardware and/or
Software modules functional, if Hardware and/or Software modules
are fully functional, applicable. Software modules are are not functional, if
if applicable. partially functional, if applicable.
Applicable.

Project results Able to achieve all the Able to achieve all the Able to achieve most Unable to achieve
(3 marks) desired results with desired results of the desired results the desired results
alternate ways to with errors
improve measurements

Project report has no Project report has very Project report has Project report has
grammatical and/ or few grammatical/ multiple several
Project Report spelling errors. spelling errors. grammatical/ spelling grammatical/
(3 marks) All sections of the All sections of the errors. spelling errors and
report are very well- report are technically Few sections of the sentence
written and technically accurate. report contains construction is poor.
Accurate. Technical errors.

Able to answer the Able to answer the Able to answer Unable to answer the
Viva
questions easily and questions related to the the questions but questions
(5 marks) correctly across the project with mistakes
project.
Total Marks

(Name and Signature of concerned lab instructor)

 SSUET/QR/118
(Form IIIc)
Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
Computer Science and Information Technology Department
Rubric for Subject Project
Application of information and communication Technologies (CS-129L)
1st Semester, Batch _________
Name of Student: Roll No.
Affective Domain Rubrics

CATEGORY Excellent (100% - 85%) Good (84% - 75%) Fair (74% - 60%) Poor (Less than 60%)

Speaks clearly and Speaks clearly and

distinctly most of the Often mumbles or
Speaks clearly and distinctly most of the
time, but seems not cannot be understood
SpeaksClearly time, but is confused
distinctly all the time, and confident about what and clearly lacks
confidently. for a brief period of
has been delivered. confidence in delivering
time, however,
Shows lack of the content
recovers.
confidence.

Points:
The student is
Student seems pretty
Student is completely somewhat prepared, Student does not seemat
Preparedness prepared but might have
prepared and has but it is clear that all prepared to present.
needed a couplemore
obviously rehearsed. rehearsal was lacking.
rehearsals.

Points
Student shows anxiety
Student calmly listensto Student shows anxiety
Student calmly listens to while listeningto the
the questions, responds while listening to the
the questions and responds questions, and gives
Answer back confidently but some of
some correct responses, questions, and most of
to the questionconfidently the responses are
but some of the the responses are
and correctly incorrect.
responses are incorrect. incorrect.

Points:

Stands up straight, looks Stands up straight and

Sometimes stands up
relaxed and confident. establishes eye contact
straight and establishes
Establishes eye contact with everyone in the Lazy and informal
Posture, Eye eye contact. Volume is
with everyone in the room room during the posture. Does not lookat
Contact & loud enough to be heard
during the presentation. presentation. Volume is people during the
Speaking by the audience, but
Volume is loud enough to loud enough to be heard presentation. Volume is
Volume many sentences spoken
be heardby all members in by the audience, but is also too soft to be heard
are not clear.
the audience throughout sometimes not audible. by the audience.
thepresentation.

Points:
 SSUET/QR/118
(Form IIId)
Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
Computer Science and Information Technology Department
Rubric for Lab Exam
Application of information and communication Technologies (CS-129L)
1st Semester, Batch _________

Name of Student: Roll No.

Exceeds Expectations Meets Expectations Developing Unsatisfactory Score

Criteria
(>=90%) (70%-89%) (50%-69%) (<50%) Obtained

Performance
(10 marks) Able to present full Able to present Able to present sufficient No or very less
knowledge of both adequate knowledge of knowledge of both knowledge of
problem and solution. both problem and problem and solution both problem and
solution solution

Viva
(10 marks) Able to answer the Able to answer the Able to answer Unable to answer
questions easily and questions related to the questions
the questions but
the project
correctly across the with mistakes
project.

Total Score

Final Lab Assessment

Criteria Score Obtained

Laboratory Manual
(15 marks)
Subject Project
(15 marks)
Lab Exam
(20 marks)
Total
(50 marks)

Examined by:
(Name and Signature of concerned lab
instructor)
 Introduction to Microsoft Word-MS-WORD Lab # 1

LAB # 1

FOLLOWS MS-OFFICE AND CREATING DOCUMENTS

USING MS-WORD

OBJECT
1- To Follows MS- Word in an efficient manner for creating and editing word
documents.
2- To create and edit professional documents using advanced features of word.

THEORY
Word is a powerful tool for writing, editing and printing documents of all kinds.
From memos to book manuscript, from outlines to letters, from screen plays to news
letters. A user can work on several documents at once and it takes much of the drudgery
out of tasks such as footnoting, cross-referencing, indexing and formatting.
Word provides all these facilities through its different menus and toolbars, whose
description is given below:
1- File Menu
The File Menu is used to open and close documents and other files, finds desired files on
the disk, print a document or preview how it will look like when printed and exit word.

New
Create a new document or template opens a new window to accommodate it if the
current window is not empty. (A template is a collection of formatting instructions
that can be used to format one or more documents).

Open
Retrieves an existing document or template and opens it for editing. Opens a new
window which overlaps the existing window.

Close
Closes an existing window, including the document or template it contains.

Save
Saves the current document and resumes activity.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

SIR SYED UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
1
 Introduction to Microsoft Word-MS-WORD Lab # 1

Save As
Saves and replaces an existing document.

Save As HTML
Saves the document in HTML format.

Versions
Keeps track of all the versions of current document.

Page Setup
It is used for configuring page setup.

Print Preview
It is used to preview the document that is being created.

Print
This option is used to print the document in a predetermined format.

Send To
This option is used to make replicas of current document to one of the desired
destinations.

Properties
This option is used to describe the properties of current document.

2- Edit Menu
The Edit menu is used to delete or move text, insert text from corresponding word
documents, clears the contents of a block, fast find words and go to the desired portion of
the document.

Undo
This command reverses the effects of editing command.

Cut
This option is used to delete a selected portion of text.

Paste
This option is used to insert text from scrap, at the location of the cursor.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

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 Introduction to Microsoft Word-MS-WORD Lab # 1

Paste Special
This option is used to paste non-word documents into a word document such as from
Excel.

Clear
This option is used to clear the contents of a marked block.

Select All
This option is used to select or mark the whole document as a block.

Find
This option is used to search and position the cursor at the desired pattern or string within
a document.

Replace
This option is used to search and replace a string with the desired string.

Go To
This option is used to position the cursor at desired portion of document.

3- View Menu
View Menu controls how the document should appear on the screen and deals with the
layout and arrangement of text.

Normal View
Normal view shows a simplified version of the document. For example, dotted lines
indicate page breaks, multiple columns appear as a single column. Drawing objects, text
boxes and top and bottom margins are not shown.

Page Layout View

In this view, a user is able to see how the document looks when it will be printed. There
are different options to set the page layout and properties according to required
specification.

Online Layout View

Online layout view is based on page layout view but uses larger fonts and increases space
between lines to improve legibility.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

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3
 Introduction to Microsoft Word-MS-WORD Lab # 1

Toolbar
This option provides different toolbars to be added to the document including picture,
tables, forms, database, drawing, and web and word art as per requirement to the current
document.

Ruler
This option turns the display of ruler on/off.

Header and Footer

This option is used to set different header footer properties, display/edit header and
footers and to format page numbers.

Full Screen
This option is used to edit/display the document in full screen mode.

Zoom
This option is used to adjust the zooming ratio of current document.

Fig 1.1: Word Screen Layout

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

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 Introduction to Microsoft Word-MS-WORD Lab # 1

Index and Tables

For creating Indexes and Tables of documents, specially Table of Contents click
Insert➔Indexes and Tables

Fig 1.2: Indexes and Tables

For applying different styles of Bullets and Numbering click Format➔Bullets and
Numbering.

Fig 1.3: Bullets and Numbering Selection Box

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

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 Introduction to Microsoft Word-MS-WORD Lab # 1

Background and Textures

For Applying fancy backgrounds and textures click Format ➔ Background ➔ Fill
Effects.

LAB TASK:
▪ Follows MS-Word to Create your Curriculum vitae.
▪ Follows MS-Word to Create your time table .

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

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6
 Editing a Research paper using MS-WORD Lab # 2

LAB # 2

Editing a Research Paper Using MS Word

Object: To learn and apply editing techniques in MS Word for improving the quality of a
research paper.

Equipment/Software Needed:
A computer with MS Word installed

Instructions:

Part 1: Preparing for Editing

Open MS Word: Launch Microsoft Word on your computer. Load the Research Paper:
Open the research paper document provided for this lab exercise. If none is provided, you
can use a sample research paper.
Make a Copy: Before starting any editing, make a copy of the original research paper.
This will serve as a backup in case anything goes wrong during the editing process.

Part 2: Initial Review

Spelling and Grammar Check: Run the built-in spelling and grammar check in MS Word.
Note any errors or suggestions.
Read for Clarity: Read the entire paper for clarity. Identify sections that are unclear or
difficult to understand. Highlight them for further review.

Part 3: Structural and Content Editing

Organization and Flow: Check the overall organization and flow of the paper. Are ideas
presented logically? Are there clear transitions between sections and paragraphs? Make
necessary adjustments.
Consistency in Terminology: Ensure consistent use of terminology, abbreviations, and
acronyms throughout the paper.
Citations and References: Verify that all citations are properly formatted and that the
reference list is accurate and follows the specified citation style (e.g., APA, MLA).

Part 4: Language and Style Editing

Sentence Structure: Review sentence structure for clarity and conciseness. Correct any
overly long or convoluted sentences.

Word Choice: Replace vague or overused words with more precise alternatives.
Eliminate jargon or unnecessary technical language if the target audience is non-experts.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

SIR SYED UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
 Editing a Research paper using MS-WORD Lab # 2

Active Voice: Identify and change passive voice constructions to active voice where
appropriate to improve readability.

Part 5: Proofreading
Spelling and Grammar: Carefully proofread the paper for spelling and grammar errors
that may have been missed earlier.
Formatting: Ensure consistent formatting throughout the paper, including fonts, headings,
and line spacing.
Page Numbers and Headers: Add page numbers and headers (if required) according to the
specified style guide.

Part 6: Final Review

Read Aloud: Read the paper aloud or use the text-to-speech feature to catch any
overlooked errors or awkward phrasings.
Peer Review: If possible, exchange papers with a peer for a fresh perspective. Provide
feedback and make suggested changes.

Part 7: Submission
Save and Submit: Save the edited research paper with a new file name to distinguish it
from the original. Submit the edited paper as per your instructor's guidelines.

Part 8: Reflection
Self-Evaluation: Reflect on the editing process. What challenges did you encounter?
What did you learn about improving research papers through editing?

LAB Task

Format your research paper using IEEE style in Microsoft Word.

Basic Formatting:

Page Setup
Navigate to the "Layout" tab, click on "Margins," and select "Normal"
(1-inch margins).
Set the paper size to A4 by going to the "Layout" tab and selecting
"Size," then choosing "A4."
Font
Choose either Times New Roman or Arial with a font size of 10-12
points for the entire document.
Title Page
Center-align the title of your paper at the top of the first page.
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
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Editing a Research paper using MS-WORD Lab # 2

Follow with your name, your institution, and any other relevant details
centered below the title.
Headings
Use the "Heading 1" style for the main sections and "Heading 2" for
subsections.
Ensure that the headings are sequentially numbered.
In-Text Citations
Place the numerical citation within square brackets, e.g., [1], [2], etc.,
after the cited information.
Reference List
Create a separate page at the end of your document titled
"References."
List all your cited sources in numerical order, following the IEEE citation
style.

Sample Reference Formats:

Here are some sample formats for different types of sources:

Journal Article
Author(s), "Title of the article," Title of the Journal, vol. #, no. #, pp.
page range, Month, Year.
Book
Author(s), Title of the Book, edition, Publisher, Year.
Conference Paper
Author(s), "Title of the paper," in Title of the Conference, year, pp. page
range.
Website
Author(s) (if available), "Title of the Web Page," Title of the Site, the
URL, access date.

In-Text Citation:

When citing sources in your document, use square brackets with the
appropriate numerical reference, for example, [1], [2], etc.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

SIR SYED UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
 Introduction to Microsoft PowerPoint-MS-PPT Lab # 3

LAB # 3

CREATING PRESENTATIONS USING

MS-POWER POINT

OBJECT
To create and edit professional presentations using MS-Power Point.

THEORY
Whenever a user communicates with a group of people, he/she gives a presentation. The
more important the message, the clearer the presentation should be. Also for larger
audience, the message must be easy to grasp. A user can communicate information better
and more easily with a PowerPoint presentation.
A presentation is a series of slides that a user creates by using PowerPoint.

Views of PowerPoint
PowerPoint has five views, each of which gives a different way of looking at the slides. A
user can open one of the following view by clicking its corresponding button, located at
the bottom of the main window.

Slide View
Use this view when incorporating text and graphic elements, creating “progressive
disclosure” builds (called animations), and modifying the appearance of a slide.

Outline View
Work with slide titles and main text in this view. It’s best for organizing and developing
presentation content.

Slide Sorter View

This view is best for arranging and ordering slides, adding transitions and setting timings.

Notes Page View

Creates notes for the presenter in this view. Draw and type anything you want on a notes
page.

Slide Show
In this view, each slide fills the screen, and you can see the effects of transitions,
animations and timings.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

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 Introduction to Microsoft PowerPoint-MS-PPT Lab # 3

Creating a New Presentation

A user can create a new presentation using one of the following three methods:

 Using Auto Content Wizard

 Using Template
 Using blank presentations

Entering Text
The easiest and fastest way to enter and edit the text in the presentation is to use outline
view. In outline view, a user can see and edit the presentation in one window, rather than
one slide at a time.
 To manipulate outline items, a user can use the Outlining toolbar, which appears
automatically in outline view.
 Each line of text that is typed in a outline automatically becomes either a slide title or
bulleted item on a slide.
 To create a new bulleted item, click at the end of an existing bulleted item line and
press Enter.
 To create a new slide, first create a new bulleted item, and then click the Promote
button until the bullet becomes a slide icon.

Formatting the Presentation

After supplying the information, a user can enrich its presentation using following
method:
 Click Format ➔ Apply Design option for selecting one of the professionally created
PowerPoint designs.

Adding Graphics
A user can add clip art, sounds, pictures and movies using Insert ➔ Picture➔ Clip Art
option.

Creating Speaker Notes

To create speaker notes, switch to notes page view by clicking the Notes Page button.

Organizing the Course of Presentation

If a user needs to change the presentation on the spot to suit a particular audience, or to
respond to an unplanned question or for anticipating the needs of different audience a
user can build contingency plans into the presentations Using following criteria:

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

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 Introduction to Microsoft PowerPoint-MS-PPT Lab # 3

 Click Slide Show ➔ Action Setting to assign an action that occurs to any selected
item when that item is clicked.
 Click Slide Show ➔ Action Buttons to create special items thaat have preassigned
action setting, such as activating the next or previous slide, or playing a sound.

Creating mini-presentations from a master presentation

A custom show is a group of selected slides to which a user can assign a name for easy
reference. A user can define them by clicking Slide Show ➔ Custom Shows. For
example, within a master presentation a user can create separate custom shows for sales,
product development and executive management.

Expanding Slide
If a slide has its own bullets and becomes too much complicated, or a user is running out
of room, the task can be simplified by clicking Tools ➔ Expand Slide to create a new set
of slides from the current slide. Each bulleted item on the expanded slide becomes a new
slide.

Applying Master Formatting

A user can determine the default appearance of each key component in a presentation:
slides, notes pages, and audience handouts. For slides there are following two types of
masters:
 The Title Master determines the appearance of special title slides that a user can
create and use at the beginning of a presentation.
 The Slide Master controls the appearance of all other slides in the presentation.
 To create a title Master, click View ➔ Master ➔ Slide Master. Then with the Slide
Master open, click Insert ➔ New Title Master.
 Use Format menu to change the design of masters.
 Use drawing tools or Insert menu to add graphic elements to masters.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

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 Introduction to Microsoft PowerPoint-MS-PPT Lab # 3

LAB TASK:

Create and edit a professional presentation outlining important features of Windows.

Fig 4.1: PowerPoint Slide Show Menu Fig 4.2: PowerPoint View Menu

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

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 Introduction to Microsoft PowerPoint-MS-PPT Lab # 3

Fig 4.3: PowerPoint Screen Layout

Fig 4.4: PowerPoint Format Menu Fig 4.5: PowerPoint Tools Menu

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 Introduction to Microsoft EXCEL Lab # 4

LAB # 4

CREATING SPREADSHEETS USING MS-EXCEL

OBJECT
To understand and to familiarize with MS-Excel.
To create and edit professional documents using functions and charts.

THEORY
Excel can be used for organizing, calculating and analyzing data. A user may work on
one or more worksheets in a workbook.
A user can save time by using formulas to calculate values automatically. A user can also
make its worksheet attractive by formatting it. A user may add charts and may save and
print a workbook.
Workbooks are a collection of worksheets in the same file on disk. Sheets may contain
different types of information. Usually, the sheets in a workbook contain related
information, such as budgets.
A standard worksheet contains 256 columns and 16,384 rows. The intersection of a row
and column forms a cell in which a user can enter text or values.

Creating New Workbook

To create a new workbook the following two methods are employed.

 When Excel is already running click File ➔ New

 To create a new workbook by using an icon from desktop right on the desktop to
display context-sensitive menu and click New ➔ Microsoft Excel Worksheet.

Opening Existing Workbook

To open a workbook that has been previously saved to disk, click File ➔ Open.

Saving Workbook
To save the changes, click File ➔ Save.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

SIR SYED UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
 Introduction to Microsoft EXCEL Lab # 4

Closing Workbook
For closing the current workbook click File ➔ Close

Activating Worksheets
To activate a worksheet, click on the worksheet tab at the bottom of the workbook.

Moving or Copying Worksheets Within The Same Workbook

To move a worksheet within the same workbook, first activate the worksheet then use
either of the following methods:
 Click on the worksheet tab, then drag and drop it to a new location along the row of
worksheet tabs.
 Click Edit ➔ Move or Copy Sheet. Select the insertion point before Sheet drop-down
list and click OK.

To copy a worksheet within the same workbook, use the following method.
 With the mouse, select the tab, then hold down the Ctrl key while you drag and drop
the tab.
 With the menu command, check the Create a Copy check box on the Move or Copy
dialog box. A copy of the new worksheet is inserted.

Moving or Copying Worksheets to a different Workbook

To move a worksheet to a different workbook, either drag and drop the worksheet or use
the following method.
 Click Edit➔ Move or Copy Sheet. The Move or Copy Dialogue box appears.
 Specify the destination workbook in the To Book drop-down list.
 Specify in the Before Sheet list where the sheet will be placed in the destination
workbook.
 Check the Create a Copy setting to copy the sheet or uncheck it to move the sheet.
 Click OK.

Entering Data Into a Cell

To enter data into a cell, use the following method.
 Select the cell by clicking on it.
 Type numbers, text, or a combination of both.
 Press Enter

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

SIR SYED UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
 Introduction to Microsoft EXCEL Lab # 4

Moving or Copying Cells

The easiest way of moving cells is to use the mouse to drag and drop them using
following method:
 Select the cells you want to move (the range must be contiguous).
 Point to an outside border of the selected range using the mouse. The mouse pointer
will turn into an arrow.
 Click on the selection; drag the cells to a new location, then release the mouse button.
 The cell will now be positioned to the new location.
Copying via drag and drop is the same as moving, except you hold down the Ctrl key
while you drag. The cursor arrow displays a plus (+) to show that you are copying rather
than moving.

Inserting Cells
To insert cells, select the cells where you want to perform the insertion. This can be a cell
or a range of cells, entire rows or entire columns using following method:
 Right-click on the selection to display the short cut menu and choose to insert. From
insert menu do one of the following
 Choose the rows command to insert entire rows.
 Choose the Columns command to insert entire columns.
 Choose the cells command to insert a range of cells. The insert dialog box is
displayed, asking how the insertion should occur.

Deleting Cells
To delete a cell or cells, follow these steps:
 Select the cells that you want to delete.
 Click Edit ➔ Delete.

Finding a Value
To find a value on an active worksheet, follow these steps:
 Choose Edit ➔ Find. The Find dialogue box appears.
 Type the characters you want to find in the Find What box.
 Click on Find Next to find the next cell containing the search value.

Replacing a Value
The replace option works like Find but allows you to replace the found value with
another value. Try the following exercise:
 Enter the following data into a blank worksheet:
Nasir Karim Karim Jamal
Fazal Ahmed Kashif Ahmed
 Click Edit ➔ Replace. The replace dialogue box appears.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

SIR SYED UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
 Introduction to Microsoft EXCEL Lab # 4

 Type Karim in the Find What box.

 Type Rahim in Replace With.
 Click on Replace All to replace all instances of Karim with Rahim.

Formatting Columns
A user can improve the appearance of worksheet by adjusting column widths using
following method:
 Select cells in the column that you want to change.
 Click the Format ➔ Column option.
 Type in the width and then choose OK.

Formatting Rows
A user may change row height to create more space for titles using following method.
 Select a cell in each row you want to change.
 Click Format ➔ Row Height option.
 Enter the height in the Row Height box.
 Click OK.

Adding Colors and Patterns

Colors and patterns can enhance the worksheet style. A user can apply these features
using following method:
 Select the cell you want to add color or pattern.
 Click the Format Cells option.
 Select the Patterns tab.
 Select a pattern from the Pattern pull-down list.
 If you want a colored pattern, select a background color from the pattern pull-down
list.
 Click OK.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

SIR SYED UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Introduction to Microsoft EXCEL Lab # 4

Fig 3.1: Excel Screen Layout

Fig 3.2: Excel File Menu Fig 3.3: Excel View Menu

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

SIR SYED UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
 Introduction to Microsoft EXCEL Lab # 4

Fig 3.4: Excel Format Menu Fig 3.5: Excel Data Menu

Fig 3.6: Excel Auto format box

Theory
A spreadsheet is only as good as the operations a user can perform on it. Excel offers its
users a wealth of options for charting and calculating the data in worksheets. Formulas
provide the real power when doing analysis and modeling, creating functioning
spreadsheet systems, in Excel.
A user can perform a wide variety of numeric calculations, including addition,
subtraction, multiplication and division. A user can also manipulate text and lookup
values in tables.

Part – I : Formulas and Functions

A formula is essentially a sequence of values and operators that begins with an equal sign
(=) and produces a new value.
The built-in formulas of Excel are called functions. The functions are designed to
perform many different kinds of calculations.

Entering Formula
To enter a formula into a cell, simply select the cell in which you want the formula. The
first character must be an equal sign.
 Select the desired cell on a blank worksheet.
 Enter =<formula> then press Enter. The returning value will appear in the cell.

Editing Formula
A formula can be edited either in the formula bar or in the cell.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

SIR SYED UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
 Introduction to Microsoft EXCEL Lab # 4

Entering Functions
To enter function within a formula or as a formula, use following method:
 Select the cell where you want to enter the function.
 Click Insert ➔ Function to display the function wizard dialogue box.

Editing Functions
To edit an existing function, use the following method:
 Select the cell containing the text.
 Click Insert ➔ Function.
 After editing the function, click OK.

Part – II : Charts
When working with charts, it is important to understand the difference between a data
series and data points. These concepts are crucial both for understanding how the data is
being represented in the chart and for creating the chart that will display properly.
A data point is an individual value that originated in a single worksheet cell. When data
points are plotted onto a chart, they are represented by columns, bars, dots, slices or other
shapes called markers.
A data series is a group of related data point that represents a single row or column of
data. Each series is distinguished on a chart by a unique color or pattern.

Creating a Chart
To create a chart uses the following method:
 Select the data you want to chart.
 Click Insert ➔ Chart or click the Chart Wizard.

Formatting a Chart
A user can apply different number formats, fonts, patterns and colors to the various chart
elements.
 The chart element must be selected in order to format it.
 Double-click the chart element you want to format to display the format dialogue box
(or right-click on the element, and choose the format command from the short cut
menu). The name of the selected element is displayed in the Name box on the left part
of the formula bar.
 Select the formatting option you want and then click OK.

Deleting a Chart
To delete a chart element, select the element and press Delete (or choose Clear from the
shortcut menu).

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

SIR SYED UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
 Introduction to Microsoft EXCEL Lab # 4

Changing the Chart Type

When a user selects a chart element, the data menu on the main menu is replaced by a
chart menu (right-click on the chart also displays the chart type option on the shortcut
menu).
 Select the Chart
 Click Chart ➔ Chart Type
 The chart type dialog box displays the types in graphical format.
 Click one of the chart types and then click OK.

LAB TASK:

1- Prepare students mark list in MS-Excel by using Formulas. The data must contain the
following fields: Roll No, Student Name, Project marks, lab manual marks, Lab exam
marks, Total, Average, Pass/Fail status and performance status.
2- Apply formulas for following fields:
Total Marks: SUM
Percentage: AVERAGE
Pass/Fail Status: IF Conditional
Performance Status: IF Conditional
3- Using Pie chart shows the cumulative Pass and Fail status of all students.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

SIR SYED UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
 Boolean Function by logic gates Lab # 5

LAB #5
BOOLEAN FUNCTION BY LOGIC GATES
Objective:
Reproduce the following Boolean functions using basic logic gates.
a) A + A’B
b) AB + BC (B +C)
c) ((A + BC)’ + (A.B’)’)’

Software Required:
Electronic Workbench

Theory:
Boolean Algebra Expressions can be used to construct digital logic truth tables for their
respective functions. As well as a standard Boolean Expression, the input and output
information of any Logic Gate or circuit can be plotted into a standard table to give a
visual representation of the switching function of the system. The table used to represent
the Boolean expression of a logic gate function is commonly called a Truth Table. A
logic gate truth table shows each possible input combination to the gate or circuit with the
resultant output depending upon the combination of these input(s).
Experiment:
Construct the circuit as shown in Figure 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3. Apply inputs A, B, C and check
the output F then complete the truth table 3-1 to 3-3 for the given Boolean function.
a) A + A’B
b)

Figure 3.1 Boolean Functions and its Logic Circuit.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
SIR SYED UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
 Boolean Function by logic gates Lab # 5

Table 3.1: Truth table for the above given Boolean function
A B A’ . B’ ( A + B )’

0 0

0 1

1 0

1 1

c) AB + BC (B +C)

Figure 3.2 Boolean Functions and its Logic Circuit.

Table 3.2: Truth table for the above given Boolean function.
A B C Q1 Q2

0 0 0

0 0 1

0 1 0

0 1 1

1 0 0

1 0 1

1 1 0

1 1 1

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

SIR SYED UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
 Boolean Function by logic gates Lab # 5

d) (A + BC)’ + (A.B’)’)’

Figure 3.3 Boolean Function and its Logic Circuit.

Table 3.3: Truth table for the above given Boolean function.
A B C Q1 Q2

0 0 0

0 0 1

0 1 0

0 1 1

1 0 0

1 0 1

1 1 0

1 1 1

Conclusion:
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
SIR SYED UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
 Boolean Function by logic gates Lab # 6

LAB #6
BOOLEAN FUNCTION BY LOGIC GATES
Objective:
Reproduce the following Boolean functions using basic logic gates.
a) A + A’B
b) AB + BC (B +C)
c) ((A + BC)’ + (A.B’)’)’

Software Required:
Electronic Workbench

Theory:
Boolean Algebra Expressions can be used to construct digital logic truth tables for their
respective functions. As well as a standard Boolean Expression, the input and output
information of any Logic Gate or circuit can be plotted into a standard table to give a
visual representation of the switching function of the system. The table used to represent
the Boolean expression of a logic gate function is commonly called a Truth Table. A
logic gate truth table shows each possible input combination to the gate or circuit with the
resultant output depending upon the combination of these input(s).
Experiment:
Construct the circuit as shown in Figure 6.1, 6.2 and 6.3. Apply inputs A, B, C and check
the output F then complete the truth table 6-1 to 6-3 for the given Boolean function.
a) A + A’B
b)

Figure 6.1 Boolean Functions and its Logic Circuit.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
SIR SYED UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
 Boolean Function by logic gates Lab # 6

Table 6.1: Truth table for the above given Boolean function
A B A’. B’ (A + B )’

0 0

0 1

1 0

1 1

c) AB + BC (B +C)

Figure 6.2 Boolean Functions and its Logic Circuit.

Table 6.2: Truth table for the above given Boolean function.
A B C Q1 Q2

0 0 0

0 0 1

0 1 0

0 1 1

1 0 0

1 0 1

1 1 0

1 1 1

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

SIR SYED UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
 Boolean Function by logic gates Lab # 6

d) (A + BC)’ + (A.B’)’)’

Figure 6.3 Boolean Function and its Logic Circuit.

Table 6.3: Truth table for the above given Boolean function.
A B C Q1 Q2

0 0 0

0 0 1

0 1 0

0 1 1

1 0 0

1 0 1

1 1 0

1 1 1

Conclusion:
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
SIR SYED UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Open-Ended Lab#07

LAB#7

OPEN-ENDED LAB

Title

1. Objective:

2. Software Required:

3. Flow Chart:

4. Methodology:

5. Simulation:

6. Result and Discussions:

7. Conclusion:

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

SIR SYED UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Familiarization with MS-DOS and command prompt LAB#8

LAB # 8

FAMILIARIZATION WITH MS-DOS AND COMMAND PROMPT

OBJECT
To get familiar with MS-DOS and command prompt and execute basic commands.

THEORY
Before there was Windows,there was the Microsoft Disk Operating System commonly referred to as
MS-DOS. There was also a popular operating system called UNIX, but it was more popular with
scientists and supercomputer users, while many of the “ordinary folk” used MS-DOS. Whereas
Windows has a lovely graphical user interface, DOS was all done with text commands. That is, you
typed out what you wanted the computer to do. Later the Windows operating system was built on top
of DOS, so that DOS commands would run in the background, corresponding to how one interacted
with the graphical interface. For example, if you click and dragged a file to a folder to move it, Windows
would literally run the corresponding move command in DOS. Something similar to DOS still lives on
in Windows 10, and that Is what we'll be looking at today.

Windows Command Prompt:

Command Prompt is officially called Windows Command Processor, but it's also sometimes referred
to as the command shell or cmd prompt, or even by its filename, cmd.exe.

How to Access Command Prompt:

There are several ways to open Command Prompt, but the "normal" method is via the Command
Prompt shortcut located in the Start menu or on the Apps screen, depending on your version of
Windows.

• Go to search bar in taskbar

• Type cmd to open the command prompt.

Figure: 8.1

1
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
SIR SYED UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Familiarization with MS-DOS and command prompt LAB#8

The shortcut is faster for most people, but another way to access Command Prompt is via
the cmd Run command. You can also open cmd.exe from its original location:

How to Use Command Prompt:

To use Command Prompt, you enter a valid Command Prompt command along with any optional
parameters. Command Prompt then executes the command as entered and performs the task or
function it's designed to perform in Windows.

For example, executing the following Command Prompt command in your Downloads folder would
remove all MP3s from that folder:

del *.mp3

Commands must be entered into Command Prompt exactly. The wrong syntax or a misspelling could
cause the command to fail or worse; it could execute the wrong command or the right command in
the wrong way. A comfort level with reading command syntax is recommended.
Syntax is so important that with some commands, especially the delete command, adding even a
single space can mean deleting entirely different data.

Command Prompt Commands:

A large number of commands exist in Command Prompt, but command availability varies across
Microsoft Operating Systems.

There are lots and lots of commands you can use in Command Prompt, but not all of them are used
as often as others.

Here are some of the more commonly used Command Prompt commands that are utilized in a
variety of circumstances: chkdsk, copy, ftp, del, format, ping, attrib, net, dir, help, and shutdown.

LAB TASK
1. Type command system info on command prompt to get the system detailed information.
2. Type command ver to check the exact DOS version.
3. Type command vol to view disk’s volume label.
4. Type command date to view the current date.
5. Type command date/t to enter the new date.
6. Type command time to view the time.
7. Type command time/t to enter the new time.
8. Type YourName.txt to open a notepad file.
9. Type command del to delete any file.
10. Type command title to customize the command prompt text/title.

2
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
SIR SYED UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Ethernet and wireless communication LAB 9

LAB # 9
OBJECTIVE: Explain Ethernet and wireless communication. Also study and perform
crimping using RJ-45 connector.
Apparatus/Component:
• RJ-45 Connector
• Modular plug crimp tool
• Eclipse
• Diagonal cutters
• UTP cable
• CAT-5 wire

THEORY

What is wireless Communication?

In this modern era, Wireless and Telecommunication have become an integral part of each other
to provide wireless communication to common man that helps people located in any part of the
world communicate easily. Wireless communication technology transmits information over the
air using electromagnetic waves like IR (Infrared), RF (Radio Frequency), satellite, etc. For
example, GPS, Wi-Fi, satellite television, wireless computer parts, wireless phones that include
3G and 4G networks, and Bluetooth.

Types of Wireless and Telecommunication

The different types of wireless and telecommunication technologies include:
Infrared (IR) wireless communication: This type of communication is mainly used for short
and medium-range communication where information between devices or systems are
transferred through infrared (IR) radiation, which is an electromagnetic energy that has a
longer wavelength. You must select a system that must operate as a transmitter (source) and
a receiver (destination). Note that there must be no obstruction between the source and the
destination. Examples of source and destination include mobile phones, televisions, security
systems etc.
Satellite Communication: In this mode of communication, signal is sent to the satellite,
which the satellite amplifies and sends it back to the antenna receiver which is located on the
surface of the earth. Satellite communication mainly contains two components: space segment
and ground segment. Example: Radio communication.
Wi-Fi: This mode of communication uses routers to transfer information wirelessly and
thereby allows users within the proximity of the router to access the network. These networks
must be protected with passwords for security, otherwise intruders can access the network
posing threat to sensitive information. Example: Electronic devices like smart phones, laptops,
etc use Wi-Fi networks.
Mobile Communication Systems: In this mode of communication, users use mobile phones
to communicate across a single frequency band. Example: Cellular and cordless phones.

Department of Computer Science and Information Technology

Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
Ethernet and wireless communication LAB 9

Bluetooth Technology: This mode of communication permits you to connect to various

electronic devices wirelessly for data transfer. Example: Cell phones that are connected to
hands free earphones, mouse, wireless keyboard

RJ-45 CONNECTOR:
There are several classifications of cable used for twisted-pair networks. Skip right over them and
state that we use and recommend Category 5 or 5e (or CAT 5) cable for all new installations. Likewise,
there are several fire code classifications for the outer insulation of CAT 5 cable. We use CMR cable,
or "riser cable," for most of the wiring we do. You should also be aware of CMP or plenum cable (a
plenum is used to distribute air in a building). You may be required by local, state or national codes
to use the more expensive plenum-jacketed cable if it runs through suspended ceilings, ducts, or other
areas, if they are used to circulate air or act as an air passage from one room to another. If in doubt,
use plenum. CMR cable is generally acceptable for all applications not requiring plenum cable.

Fig 9.1 A UTP Cable

CAT 5 wire is available in reel-in-box packaging. This is very handy for pulling the wire without
putting twists in it. Without this kind of package or a cable reel stand, pulling wire is a two-person
job. Before the advent of the reel-in-box, we used to put a reel of wire on a broom handle to pull it.
One person would hold the broom handle and the other would pull and measure the cable. You will
produce a tangled mess, if you pull the wire off the end of the reel.
Stranded wire patch cables are often specified for cable segments running from a wall jack to a PC
and for patch panels. They are more flexible than solid core wire. However, the rational for using it is
that the constant flexing of patch cables may wear-out solid core cable--break it. We don't think this
is a real concern in the average small network. For example, we are having one solid core cable
going to our workbench. It has probably flexed and average person's lifetime of flexes from the many
times we have connected customer computers to our network. Also, stranded cable is susceptible to
degradation from moisture infiltration, may use an alternate color code, and should not be used for
cables longer than 3 Meters (about 10 feet). Most of the wiring we do simply connects computers
directly to other computers or hubs. Solid core cable is quite suitable for this purpose and for many
home and small business networks. We find it also quite acceptable for use as patch cables. You might
consider a stranded wire patch cable if you have a notebook computer you are constantly moving
around. CAT 5 cable has four twisted pairs of wire for a total of eight individually insulated wires.
Each pair is color coded with one wire having a solid color (blue, orange, green, or brown) twisted
around a second wire with a white background and a stripe of the same color. The solid colors may
have a white stripe in some cables. Cable colors are commonly described using the background color
followed by the color of the stripe, e.g., white orange is a cable with a white background and an
orange stripe.
CONNECTORS

Fig 9.2 RJ-45 Connector

The straight through and cross-over patch cables discussed in this article are terminated with CAT 5
RJ-45 modular plugs. RJ-45 plugs are similar to those you'll see on the end of your telephone cable

Department of Computer Science and Information Technology

Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
Ethernet and wireless communication LAB 9

except they have eight versus four or six contacts on the end of the plug and they are about twice as
big. Make sure they are rated for CAT 5 wiring. (RJ means "Registered Jack"). Also, there are RJ- 45
plugs designed for both solid core wire and stranded wire. Others are designed specifically for one
kind of wire or the other. Be sure you buy plugs appropriate for the wire you are going to use. we use
plugs designed to accommodate both kinds of wire.
NETWORK CABLE TOOLS
Modular Plug Crimp Tool: You will need a modular crimp tool. This one is very similar to the one
we have been using for many years for all kinds of telephone cable work and it works just fine for
Ethernet cables. You don't need a lot of bells and whistles, just a tool which will securely crimp RJ-
45 connectors. Even though the crimper has cutters which can be used to cut the cable and individual
wires, and possibly stripping the outer jacket.

Fig 9.3 Modular Plug Crimp Tool

Universal UTP Stripping Tool (Eclipse): It makes a much neater cut. We recommend that you
purchase one if you will be making many cables.

Fig 9.4 Eclipse

Diagonal Cutters ("4 to 6"): It is easier to use diagonal cutters ("diags" or "dikes") to cut the cable
off at the reel and to fine tune the cable ends during assembly. Also, if you don't have a stripper, you
can strip the cable by using a small knife (X-acto, utility, etc.) to carefully slice the outer jacket
longitudinally and use the diags to cut it off around the circumference.

Fig 9.5 Diagonal Cutters

BASIC THEORY

The 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX Ethernets consist of two transmission lines. Each transmission line
is a pair of twisted wires. One pair receives data signals, and the other pair transmits data signals. A
balanced line driver or transmitter is at one end of one of these lines and a line receiver is at the other
end. A (much) simplified schematic for one of these lines and its transmitter and receiver follow:

Department of Computer Science and Information Technology

Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
Ethernet and wireless communication LAB 9

Fig 9.6 Schematic Diagram of transmission line

Pulses of energy travel down the transmission line at about the speed of light (186,000
miles/second). The principal components of one of these pulses of energy is the voltage potential
between wires and current flowing near the surface of the wires. This energy can also be considered
as residing in the magnetic field which surrounds the wires and the electric field between the wires.
In other words, an electromagnetic wave which is guided by, and travels down the wires.

The main concern is the transient magnetic fields which surrounds the wires and the magnetic fields
generated externally by the other transmission lines in the cable, other network cables, electric
motors, fluorescent lights, telephone and electric lines, lightning, etc. This is known as noise.
Magnetic fields induce their own pulses in a transmission line which may literally bury the Ethernet
pulses, the conveyor of the information being sent down the line.

The twisted-pair Ethernet employs two principle means for combating noise. The first is the use of
balanced transmitters and receivers. A signal pulse actually consists of two simultaneous pulses
relative to ground: a negative pulse on one line and a positive pulse on the other. The receiver detects
the total difference between these two pulses. Since a pulse of noise (shown in red in the diagram)
usually produces pulses of the same polarity on both lines one pulse is essentially canceled by out the
other at the receiver. Also, the magnetic field surrounding one wire from a signal pulse is a mirror of
the one on the other wire. At a very short distance from the two wires the magnetic fields are opposite
and have a tendency to cancel the effect of each other out. This reduces the line's impact on the other
pair of wires and the rest of the world.

The second and the primary means of reducing cross-talk--the term cross-talk came from the ability
to (over) hear conversations on other lines on your phone--between the pairs in the cable, is the double
helix configuration produced by twisting the wires together. This configuration produces symmetrical
(identical) noise signals in each wire. Ideally, their difference, as detected at the receiver, is zero. In
actuality it is much reduced.

FIG 9.7 WIRE CONFIGURATION

Again, the wires with colored backgrounds may have white stripes and may be donated that way in
diagrams found elsewhere. For example, the green wire may be labeled Green-White. The
background color is always specified first.

Department of Computer Science and Information Technology

Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
Ethernet and wireless communication LAB 9

Now, all you need to remember, to properly configure the cables, are the diagrams for the two cable
ends and the following rules:

• A straight-thru cable has identical ends.

• A crossover cable has different ends.

It makes no functional difference which standard you use for a straight-thru cable. You can start a
crossover cable with either standard as long as the other end is the other standard.

It makes no functional difference which end is which. Despite what you may have read elsewhere, a
568A patch cable will work in a network with 568B wiring and 568B patch cable will work in a 568A
network. The electrons couldn't care less.

EXERCISE TO MAKE CABLE

1. Pull the cable off the reel to the desired length and cut The total length of wire segments
between a PC and a hub or between two PC's cannot exceed 100 Meters (328 feet or about
the length of a football field) for 100BASE-TX and 300 Meters for 10BASE-T.
2. Strip one end of the cable with the stripper or a knife and diags. If you are using the stripper,
place the cable in the groove on the blade (left) side of the stripper and align the end of the
cable with the right side of the stripper. This will strip about 1/2" of the jacket off the cable.
Turn the stripper about 1 1/4 turns and pull. If you turn it more, you will probably nick the
wires. If you are using a knife and diags, carefully slit the cable for about an inch or so and
neatly trim around the circumference of the cable with diags to remove the jacket.
3. Inspect the wires for nicks. Cut off the end and start over if you see any. You may have to
adjust the blade with the screw at the front stripper. Cable diameters and jacket thicknesses
vary.
4. Spread and arrange the pairs roughly in the order of the desired cable end.
5. Untwist the pairs and arrange the wires in the order of the desired cable end. Flatten the end
between your thumb and forefinger. Trim the ends of the wires so they are even with one
another. It is very important that the unstripped (untwisted) end be slightly less than
1/2" long. If it is longer than 1/2" it will be out-of-spec and susceptible to crosstalk. If it
less than slightly less than 1/2" it will not be properly clinched when RJ-45 plug is crimped
on. Flatten again. There should be little or no space between the wires.

Fig 9.8 CAT 5 cable

6. Hold the RJ-45 plug with the clip facing down or away from you. Push the wire firmly
into the plug. Now, inspect before crimping and wasting the plug! Looking through the
bottom of the plug, the wire on the far-left side will have a white background. The wires
should alternate light and dark from left to right. The furthest right wire is brown. The
wires should all end evenly at the front of the plug. The jacket should end just about where
you see it in the diagram--right on the line.

Department of Computer Science and Information Technology

Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
Ethernet and wireless communication LAB 9

ALL ABOUT CRIMPING

7. Hold The Wire Near the Rj-45 Plug With The Clip Down And Firmly Push It Into The Left
Side Of The Front Of The Crimper (It Will Only Go In One Way). Hold The Wire In Place
Squeeze The Crimper Handles Quite Firmly. This Is What Will Happen:

Fig 9.9 crimping the wire

(Crimp it once.) The crimper pushes two plungers down on the RJ-45 plug. One forces what
amounts to a cleverly designed plastic plug/wedge onto the cable jacket and very firmly
clinches it. The other seats the "pins," each with two teeth at its end, through the insulation
and into the conductors of their respective wires.

8. Test the crimp... If done properly an average person will not be able to pull the plug off the
cable with his or her bare hands. And that quite simply, besides lower cost, is the primary
advantage of twisted-pair cables over the older thin wire, coaxial cables. In fact, we would
say the RJ-45 and ease of its installation is the main reason coaxial cable is no longer
widely used for small Ethernets. But, don't pull that hard on the plug. It could stretch the cable
and change its characteristics. Look at the side of the plug and see if it looks like the diagram
and give it a fairly firm tug to make sure it is crimped well.

9. Prepare the other end of the cable so it has the desired end and crimp.

10. If both ends of the cable are within reach, hold them next to each other and with RJ-45 clips
facing away. Look through the bottom of the plugs. If the plugs are wired correctly, and
they are identical, it is a straight-thru cable. If they are wired correctly and they are different,
it is a crossover cable.

CABLING RULES
1. Try to avoid running cables parallel to power cables.
2. Do not bend cables to less than four times the diameter of the cable.
3. If you bundle a group of cables together with cable ties (zip ties), do not over-cinch
them. Its okay to snug them together firmly; but don't tighten them so much that you deform
the cables.
4. Keep cables away from devices which can introduce noise into them. Here's a short list:
copy machines, electric heaters, speakers, printers, TV sets, fluorescent lights, copiers,
welding machines, microwave ovens, telephones, fans, elevators motors, electric ovens,
dryers, washing machines, and shop equipment.
5. Avoid stretching UTP cables (the force should not exceed 25 LBS).
6. Do not run UTP cable outside of a building. It presents a very dangerous lightning hazard!
7. Do not use a stapler to secure UTP cables. Use telephone wire hangers which are available
at most hardware stores.

Department of Computer Science and Information Technology

Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
Ethernet and wireless communication LAB 9

LAB EXERCISE
TASK 1
What are RJ-45 connectors used for?

TASK 2
State atleast two differences between CAT-5 and CAT-6 cable.

TASK 3
How does RJ-45 crimp work?

TASK 4
Mention 3 advantages of using wireless communication technology.

Department of Computer Science and Information Technology

Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
basic diagnostic utilities on command prompt LAB 10
LAB 10

Department of Computer Science and Information Technology

Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
Familiarization with the Network Simulator LAB#11

LAB # 11
FAMILIARIZATION WITH THE NETWORK

SIMULATOR
OBJECTIVE
To operate and become familiar with the network simulator Packet Tracer

SIMULATION

Simulation is the imitation of some real thing, state of affairs, or process. The act of
simulating something generally entails representing certain key characteristics or
behaviours of a selected physical or abstract system.

Simulation is used in many contexts, including the modeling of natural systems or

human systems in order to gain insight into their functioning. Other contexts include
simulation of technology for performance optimization, safety engineering, testing,
training and education. Simulation can be used to show the eventual real effects of
alternative conditions and courses of action.

Key issues in simulation include acquisition of valid source information about the
relevent selection of key characteristics and behaviours, the use of simplifying
approximations and assumptions within the simulation, and fidelity and validity of the
simulation outcomes.

PACKET TRACER 6.0.1 OVERVIEW

Packet Tracer 5.0 provides a simulation-based environment for CCNA-levelnetworking
training. It offers a unique combination of visualization tools, complex assessment and
activity authoring capabilities, and opportunities for multi-user collaboration and
competition.
Packet Tracer offers extensive learning benefits:
• Provides a versatile practice and visualization environment for the design,
configuration, and troubleshooting of network environments
– Offers an exploratory development environment that enables users to design, build,
and configure networks with drag-and-drop devices
– Allows users to observe virtual packets in real time by modeling network traffic and
packet behaviors
• Affords the opportunity and flexibility for practice outside of the classroom
– Runs on home computers or mobile laptops
– Supports the development of problem-solving and troubleshooting skills

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

SIR SYED UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Familiarization with the Network Simulator LAB#11

– Enables users to create and configure complex topologies that extend beyond
the constraints of equipment availability
• Provides a rich learning environment to support the development of networking
technology skills
– Encourages students to explore new concepts and test their knowledge of various
protocols
– Provides valuable hands-on experience that can be applied on the job and in the
classroom

– Offers multi-user functionality for collaboration, competition, and engaging

learning opportunities.

KEY FEATURES
In the Simulation and Visualization Mode, we can see and control time intervals, the
inner workings of data transfer, and the propagation of data across a network. This helps
students understand the fundamental concepts behind network operations. A solid
understanding of network fundamentals can help accelerate learning about related
concepts.
The physical view of devices such as routers, switches, and hosts presents graphical
representations of modular equipment and expansion cards. The physical view also
provides geographic representations, including multiple cities, buildings, and wiring
closets.

DETAIL, PHYSICAL VIEW

Fig 11.1: Detail view

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

SIR SYED UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Familiarization with the Network Simulator LAB#11

ADDITIONAL FEATURES

• Lab grading function

• Modular devices
• User-friendly CLI and integrated help feature
• Different device models for creating custom networks
• Tutorial
• International language support

COMPATIBLE PLATFORMS

Packet Tracer 5.0 is compatible with the following platforms: Windows (Widows XP,
Windows 2000); Vista (Vista Basic, Vista Premium); and Linux (Ubuntu, Fedora).

Interface:

Fig 11.2: Packet tracer interface

Main tool bar

Main tool bar contains different option e.g. new file, open, save, print, copy, paste, do
undo, zoom in, zoom out etc.

Fig 11.3: Main tool bar

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

SIR SYED UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Familiarization with the Network Simulator LAB#11

Devices and Connections

A network topology can be built by selecting devices and the media. Several type of
devices and network connections can be used. For example: switches, routers, end
systems, wireless connections etc.

Fig 11.4: Device type selection area

Tools selection Area

Selection tool: To select any device

Hand tool: To move the selected area or device

Note tool: To type nay note or text or naming the device

Delete tool: To remove the device or connection

Inspection tool: To inspect the specific device e.g. MAC table

etc.

Polygon tool: To draw polygon or any shape

Resize tool: To resize the device or topology

PDUs: Simple PDUs (Protocol Data Units). E.g. ICMP, ARP, TCP etc.

Fig 11.5: Common Tool Box

Network Simulation

All the network setup is performed on real time mode. Simulation mode is used to
simulate the network to check its behavior in graphical way.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

SIR SYED UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Familiarization with the Network Simulator LAB#11

Fig 11.6: Realtime and Simulation Mode

Network Scenarios

Multiple scenarios can be created and deleted by clicking on the New and Delete
button in the scenario panel. The scenarios can be toggled between without deleting.

Fig 11.7: Scenario Panel

LAB TASK:

.Q1: Write the description of the following tabs of Packet Tracer 6.0.1

1. Menu Bar
2. Common Toolbar
3. Device-Type Selection Box
4. Device-Specific Selection Box
5. Logical Toolbar
6. Physical Toolbar
7. Power Cycle device
8. Simulation Mode

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

SIR SYED UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Familiarization with Network Devices LAB#12

LAB #12

FAMILIARIZATION WITH NETWORK DEVICES

OBJECT
To get familiar with the Network Devices.

THEORY

Department of Computer Science and Information Technology

Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
Familiarization with Network Devices LAB#12

Department of Computer Science and Information Technology

Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
Introduction to Microsoft Visio LAB 13
LAB 13
Introduction to Microsoft Visio

Department of Computer Science and Information Technology

Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
Introduction to Microsoft Visio LAB 13

Department of Computer Science and Information Technology

Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
Introduction to Microsoft Visio LAB 13

Department of Computer Science and Information Technology

Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
Introduction to Microsoft Visio LAB 13

Department of Computer Science and Information Technology

Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
Introduction to Microsoft Visio LAB 13

Department of Computer Science and Information Technology

Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
Introduction to Microsoft Visio LAB 13

Department of Computer Science and Information Technology

Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
Open-Ended Lab#14

LAB#14

OPEN-ENDED LAB

Title

1. Objective:

2. Software Required:

3. Flow Chart:

4. Methodology:

5. Simulation:

6. Result and Discussions:

7. Conclusion:

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

SIR SYED UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY