ETABS, SAP2000 & SAFE Training Pattern Loading

Contents
The Problem ............................................................................................................................................ 2
1 Model Initialization ............................................................................................................................. 3
2 Define Materials .................................................................................................................................. 6
3 Define Sections .................................................................................................................................... 8
4 Define Load Patterns ........................................................................................................................... 9
5 Define Load Combinations................................................................................................................ 10
6 Draw the Beams ................................................................................................................................ 12
7 Apply the Loads ................................................................................................................................ 13
8 Analyze .............................................................................................................................................. 16
9 View Analysis Results ....................................................................................................................... 17
10 Simulate Column Support ............................................................................................................... 19
11 Design ............................................................................................................................................. 22
12 View Design Results ....................................................................................................................... 24
13 Export Results to Excel ................................................................................................................... 25

Drawing .......................................................................................................................................... 26

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The Problem
In chapter one of the course Reinforced Concrete Structures-II, you have seen how to manually analyze
and design continuous beams considering the cases of alternate and adjacent span loading. This tutorial
demonstrates how you can perform that in ETABS. Most of the concepts and commands used in this
tutorial are explained in detail in the file "Basic Concepts-ETABS". Please take a look at that file first
or along with this tutorial.
When you practice this tutorial on your PC, open this file on your phone and follow the steps. Opening
this file on your PC and switching back & forth between ETABS & your pdf reader is a bad practice.
The beam has 5 spans as shown below. Material & loading data is given below.
 Cross-section of the beam is; b x h = 250 mm x 450 mm
 Concrete grade = C25/30
 Rebar grade = S-400
 Main rebar size = Ø16 (initial assumption)
 Link rebar size = Ø8
 Clear cover = 25 mm
 Live load = 10 kN/m
 Total dead load including self weight = 17 kN/m
Because ETABS calculates self weight automatically, we only apply the External dead load.
External dead load = Total dead load – self weight
Self weight = γ×b×h → self weight = 25kN/m³×0.25m×0.45m = 2.8 kN/m
∴ External dead load = 17 – 2.8 = 14.2 kN/m

When beams are resting on point supports (Pin, Roller, Fixed support), the support moments are
calculated and displayed at the center of the support. ETABS will also use these moments to calculate
the area of top reinforcement. But, EBCS-2 says design should be done using moments at the face of
the support. For ETABS to do that, the beams must rest on column support, which we don’t have. But
there is a feature in ETABS, known as “End Length Offset”, that simulate column supports.
Therefore, to see the difference, we will analyze the beam twice;
 With out any End Length Offset (moments at the center of support).
 With End Length Offsets (moments at the face of support). This will be used for design.
To simulate column supports as shown below, assume all columns are 300 mm wide in this plane.
The above discussion is also true for shear forces.

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1 Model Initialization
In this step, the layout or geometry (span lengths) of the model are set.
1) Start ETABS. The Start Page shown below will be displayed (depends on your setting).
2) Click the New Model button or press Ctrl+N to bring the Model Initialization form shown below.

3) Select the "Use Built-In Settings With:" option and choose the units, region… as follows.
 Display Units = Metric SI
 Region for Default Materials = Europe
 Steel Section Database = Euro
 Steel Design Code = Eurocode 3-2005
 Concrete Design Code = Eurocode 2-2004
4) Click OK. That will bring the New Model Quick Templates form shown below.

5) In the "Grid Dimensions (Plan)" category, insert;

 Number of Grid Lines in X direction = 6 ---- this is the number of supports (A to F).
 Number of Grid Lines in Y direction = 1 ---- because we have a 2D structure in the XZ plane.
Since the grid spacing in X direction (the span lengths) are variable, leave it as it is and we will
modify it later. The spacing in Y direction does not matter as there is only one grid in Y direction.
6) In the "Story Dimensions" category, insert, Number of Stories = 1
The story heights don’t matter because we don’t have any column (leave it at 3m).
7) In the "Add Structural Objects" category, click the Grid Only button. Then click OK.
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A new model will start and shows 2 windows; a Plan view and a 3D view.

8) Close the 3D view window.

The Plan view shows the grid spacing as 8m and we need to change that. To edit the grid spacing;
9) Go to "Edit"  "Edit Stories and Grid Systems" to display the Edit Stories and Grid Systems form.

You can also Right click in

the background and select
"Add/Modify Grids…" to
display the form.

10) With Grid system "G1" highlighted, click the "Modify/Show Grid System" button to display the
Grid System Data form shown below. In the form;
 Because the X grid ID (A, B, C …) are the same as our structure, we will not edit them.
 Select "Display Grid Data as Spacing".
 Insert spacing of X Grid Data as shown in the Fig. (5.5, 6, 4.5, 5, 5.5). The last one is always 0.
 For better view, reduce the "Bubble Size" (e.g. to 800). This is the size of the grid id, the circles
around them and how far they will be from the end of the grid line (the model).
 Click "OK" to leave the Grid System form.
If you can’t see the “OK” button in the Grid System form (or any other form) due to your screen
resolution, press the “Enter” key on your keyboard twice to accept the changes and close the form.
11) Click "OK" to leave the Edit Stories and Grid Systems form.

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Now, you will be able to see the dimensions you just specified.

12) Since the beam is on the XZ plane, change the view to the XZ Elevation view as follows.
 Go to "View"  "Set Elevation View" to display the form shown below.
 Select "1" and click "OK".

You can also Right click the "elev"

button to display this form.

Now you should be able to see the XZ plane along with the Grids & Stories as shown below.

13) Create a folder in your work directory and save the model in that folder.
Note: For every ETABS model, you should create a folder.

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2 Define Materials
In this step, the concrete and rebar materials (C20/25 & S-400) are defined as per EBCS.
1) Go to "Define"  "Material Properties" to display the Define Materials form shown below.

Sometimes, even if you started with Eurocode template,

you may see the following ASTM materials.

A992Fy50 -------------This is Structural Steel

4000psi -------------This is Concrete
A615Gr60 -------------This is Rebar
A416Gr270 -------------This is Tendon

The Define Materials form can be used to; Add new material,
Edit an existing material or Delete a material
(you can’t delete a material that is currently in use).

First define the C20/25 concrete as per EBCS.

2) Click the "Add New Material" button to display the Add New Material Property form.
3) Choose the following from their respective drop-down list.
 Region = Europe
 Material Type = Concrete
 Standard = EN 1992-1-1 per EN 206-1
 Grade = C20/25.

4) Click "OK". The Material Property Data form appears.

5) In the Material Property Data form, review or edit (if necessary) the data for the new material.
Example, change the "Weight per Unit Volume" from 24.9926 to 25 kN/m3.

6) Click the "Modify/Show Material Property Design Data" button and notice the value of fck.
7) Click "OK" & "OK" to return to the Define Materials form.

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To define an S-400 reinforcement grade as per EBCS, follow these steps.
Since there are no pre-defined rebar grades for Europe, we have to input the parameters. Or we can edit
the existing rebar material.
8) Select the material named "Rebar" (or if that does not appear select "A615Gr60")
9) Click the "Modify/Show Material" button to display the Material Property Data form.
10) In the Material Property Data form, edit the data as follows;
Material Name = S-400
Weight per unit volume = 77 kN/m3
Modulus of Elasticity, E = 200,000 Mpa
11) Click the "Modify/Show Material Property Design Data" button and edit as follows;
Minimum Yield Strength, fy = 400 Mpa …………. This is fyk.
Note that the Minimum Yield Strength (fy = fyk) is the only value that is needed for normal design.
The "expected" yield stress and tensile strength are also called the "effective" yield stress or tensile
strengths. These effective values are needed for certain cases (for example, AISC 341 seismic detailing
calculations) when the yield or tensile strength is used to calculate demand forces on members or
connections.

12) Click "OK" & "OK" to return to the Define Materials form.
13) Click the "OK" button on the Define Materials form when you finish.
Click the Save button (Ctrl+S).

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3 Define Sections
In this step, a 250x450 rectangular beam section made up of a C20/25 concrete & S-400 rebar is defined.
1) Go to "Define"  "Section Properties"  "Frame Sections" to display the Frame Properties form
shown below.
2) Click the "Add New Property" button to display the Frame Property Shape Type form.
3) Click the "Rectangular Concrete" button in the "Frequently Used Shape Types" area & click "OK".

If you want to delete unwanted sections, click the

Delete Property or Delete Multiple Properties button.
You can’t delete a section that is currently in use and
at least one section must be left.

4) The Frame Section Property Data form shown below will appear. Here specify the following.
 Property Name = B25x45
 Material = C20/25
 Depth = 450
 Width = 250

5) Click the "Modify/Show Rebar" button and specify reinforcement data as follows.
 Design Type = M3 design only (Beam)
 Longitudinal Rebar Material = S-400
 Confinement Rebar Material = S-400
 Cover to rebar center = 41 ----- this is d’
(note that, assuming single row of rebar; d’ = cover+Øs+0.5×Ø = 25+8+0.5*16 = 41mm)
6) Click "OK" & "OK" to return to the Frame Properties form. Then click "OK" to leave.
Click the Save button (Ctrl+S).

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4 Define Load Patterns

In this step, the loads acting on the beam are defined.
1) Go to "Define"  "Load Patterns" to display the Define Load Patterns form shown below.
By default, two load patterns named "Dead” and “Live” are already defined.

To add a new load, specify its name, Type, self weight multiplier & Auto Lateral Load (only if the Type
is seismic, wind or Notional) then click the “Add New Load” button.
The self-weight multiplier for the load named “Dead” is 1. This indicates that this load pattern will
automatically include the self-weight for all members. All others load patterns should have a self-weight
multiplier of 0.
 We will use the load “Dead” for self weight (we don’t apply any load for this).
 For the External dead load, we will define a load with a Type of "Super Dead" (we will call it "SD").
 To simulate pattern loading, we need to define 5 loads with a Type of "Pattern Live"; one load
pattern for each beam (we will call them "PLL1", "PLL2", "PLL3", "PLL4" and "PLL5").
2) To define the load "SD", specify the following
 Load = SD
 Type = Super Dead
 Self Weight Multiplier = 0
Then, click “Add New Load”.
3) To define the load "PLL1", specify the following
 Load = PLL1
 Type = Pattern Live
 Self Weight Multiplier = 0
Then, click “Add New Load”.
4) Do the same for PLL2, PLL3, PLL4 and PLL5 (with PLL1 selected, simply write the load name
and click “Add New Load”).

5) When you finish, the form should look like as shown above. Click “OK” to leave.
Click the Save button (Ctrl+S).

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5 Define Load Combinations

In this step, the load combinations are defined.
The combination equation for ULS in persistent & transient situation is; 1.35×Gk +1.35×Qk Eq. (I)
The combination equation for SLS in normal situation is; Gk + Qk Eq. (II)
To make ETABS arrange the various "Pattern Live" loads, we need to create a Load Combination which
includes all of the “Pattern Live” load cases and its Combination Type must be “Range Add”.
Range Addition is a method of combining loads in Load Combinations. This is primarily used to
obtain a maximum and minimum response from a range of possible combinations. When used
with the load pattern type of "Pattern Live", it is used to create series of load steps that will give
the maximum and minimum of all possible patterns of these load cases.
∴ To represent the load Qk in the above equations, we have to create a Range combo (call it “RngLL”).
As stated above, this combo is not a standard equation, it compares and picks the maximum & minimum
values, and that is why it is written as a list in the table below.
Combo Name Type Loads & Scale Factors Remark
RngLL Range Add {PLL1; PLL2; PLL3; PLL4; PLL5} Represents Qk
ULS Linear Add 1.35×Dead + 1.35×SD + 1.5×RngLL Eq. (I)
SLS Linear Add Dead + SD + RngLL Eq. (II)
1) Go to “Define”  “Load Combinations” to display the Load Combinations form shown below.

2) To define the RngLL load combination;

 Click the “Add New Combo” button to display the Load Combination Data form.
 Name it RngLL and change the combination type to "Range Add".
 In the Load Name and Scale Factor region; do the following.
Select PLL1 from the drop-down list & insert 1 as a Scale Factor.
Click “Add” and select PLL2 from the drop-down list & insert 1 as a Scale Factor.
Click “Add” and select PLL3 from the drop-down list & insert 1 as a Scale Factor.
Click “Add” and select PLL4 from the drop-down list & insert 1 as a Scale Factor.
Click “Add” and select PLL5 from the drop-down list & insert 1 as a Scale Factor.
When you are done, the form should look like as shown below.

 Click “OK” to finish the definition and return to the Load Combinations form.

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3) To define the ULS load combination;
 Click the “Add New Combo” button to display the Load Combination Data form.
 Name it ULS and make sure the combination type is "Linear Add".
 In the Load Name and Scale Factor region; do the following.
Select Dead from the drop-down list & insert 1.35 as a Scale Factor.
Click “Add” and select SD from the drop-down list & insert 1.35 as a Scale Factor.
Click “Add” and select RngLL from the drop-down list & insert 1.5 as a Scale Factor.
When you are done, the form should look like as shown below.

 Click “OK” to finish the definition and return to the Load Combinations form.
4) To define the SLS load combination;
 Highlight the previously defined combo named ULS in the Load Combinations form
 Click the “Add Copy of Combo” button to display the Load Combination Data form.
 Name it SLS & change all of the scale factor to 1.

 Click “OK” to finish the definition and return to the Load Combinations form.
5) Click “OK” to leave the Load Combinations form.
Click the Save button (Ctrl+S).

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6 Draw the Beams

In this step, the beam members are drawn and supports are assigned.
1) Make sure you are on the XZ elevation view.
2) Click the "Quick Draw Beams/Columns (Plan, Elev, 3D)" button or go to “Draw”  “Draw
Beam/Column/Brace Objects”  "Quick Draw Beams/Columns (Plan, Elev, 3D)" to display the
form shown below.

3) From the Property drop-down list, select “B25x45”.

When you hoover the mouse pointer around the grid (at Story1) you will see a blue dashed line.
4) Click on the grid AB to draw the beam AB. Then click on BC then CD, then DE and finally EF.
The model will look as shown below.

If you press Ctrl+A (Select All), the status bar should say “6 Joints, 5 Frames Selected”.
Clear the selection (Go to “Select”  “Clear Selection”)
5) To put the roller supports at B, C, D, E and F, select the joints at B, C, D, E and F.
6) The status bar should say “5 Joints Selected”.
7) Go to “Assign”  “Joint”  "Restraints”. The form shown below will appear.
8) In the Fast Restraint area, click the roller (the 3rd) button. Click “Apply”. Don’t close the form.

9) To put the pin support at A, select the joint at A. The status bar should say “1 Joints Selected”.
10) In the Fast Restraint area, click the pin (the 2nd) button. Click “OK” to assign & leave the form.

Now the model should look as shown below.

Click the Save button (Ctrl+S).

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7 Apply the Loads

In this step, the load will be applied on the beams.
1) Go to “Assign”  “Frame Loads”  "Distributed”. The form shown below will appear. Drag the
form to the corner so that all beams are visible. We will apply the loads without closing the form.
2) To apply the External dead load (“SD”), select all beams. The status bar should say “5 Frames
Selected”. Then,
 Set, Load Pattern Name = SD
 In the Uniform Load category; insert, Load = 14.2.
 Click “Apply”. The loads will be displayed as shown below.

3) To apply the load “PLL1”, select beam AB. The status bar should say “1 Frames Selected”. Then,
 Set, Load Pattern Name = PLL1
 In the Uniform Load category; insert, Load = 10.
 Click “Apply”. The load will be displayed as shown below.

4) To apply the load “PLL2”, select beam BC. The status bar should say “1 Frames Selected”. Then,
 Set, Load Pattern Name = PLL2
 In the Uniform Load category; insert, Load = 10.
 Click “Apply”. The load will be displayed as shown below.

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5) To apply the load “PLL3”, select beam CD. The status bar should say “1 Frames Selected”. Then,
 Set, Load Pattern Name = PLL3
 In the Uniform Load category; insert, Load = 10.
 Click “Apply”. The load will be displayed as shown below.

6) To apply the load “PLL4”, select beam DE. The status bar should say “1 Frames Selected”. Then,
 Set, Load Pattern Name = PLL4
 In the Uniform Load category; insert, Load = 10.
 Click “Apply”. The load will be displayed as shown below.

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7) To apply the load “PLL5”, select beam EF. The status bar should say “1 Frames Selected”. Then,
 Set, Load Pattern Name = PLL5
 In the Uniform Load category; insert, Load = 10.
 Click “Apply”. The load will be displayed as shown below.

8) Click “Close” to close the form.

Click the Save button (Ctrl+S).

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8 Analyze
In this step, the analysis will be run.

Since the structure is planar (on the XZ plane), the Active Degree of Freedom (DOF) are; Translation
along X (Ux), Translation along Z (Uz) & Rotation about Y (Ry). That is, we have Fx, Fz & My.
Therefore, we need to release the other DOF.
1) Go to “Analyze”  “Set Active Degrees of Freedom” to display the form shown below.
 Click the “XZ Plane” button.
Notice that Uy, Rx & Rz are released. That is, there will be no Fy, Mx & Mz.
 Click “OK”.

WARNING: Do Not do this

for an actual (3D) building.

You can deactivate the “Modal” load case because we have no seismic load.
2) Go to “Analyze”  “Set Load Cases to Run” to display the form shown below.
 From the Case list, select “Modal” and click the “Run/Do Not Run Case” button.
Notice the Action entry for “Modal”. Now it says "Do Not Run”.
 Click “OK” to leave.

WARNING: Do Not do this for

a real building.

3) Go to "Analyze"  "Check Model" and in the form that appear, tick all of the check-boxes using
the "Select/Deselect All" button. Then click "OK". If everything is good, you will see a message
saying "Model has been checked. No warning messages were generated".
4) Run the analysis by clicking the Run Analysis button or go to "Analyze"  "Run Analysis".
When analysis is done, the deformed shape of the structure (due to load “Dead”) will be shown.

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9 View Analysis Results

As pointed out in the description of the problem, let us see the results (With out any End Length Offset)
and later we will assign End Length Offsets and re-analyze the beam and see the results.

1) Click the "Display Frame/Pier/Spandrel/Link Forces" button to display the form shown below.

If they exist;
"Max and Min" = Envelope
"Max" = +ve Largest
"Min" = –ve Largest

 Select the "Combo" option.

 Select "ULS" from the combo list. Choose "Max and Min" (to see Envelope diagram).
 Select "Shear 2-2" from the component category.
 Check the "Fill Diagram" & "Show values at controlling stations" check-boxes.
 Click "OK".
To view moment diagram, repeat the above; but select "Moment 3-3" as shown on the form on the right.

In the above steps, if you uncheck the “Fill Diagram” option, the diagrams will be as shown below.

You can also see the governing +ve & -ve diagram separately (select the "Max" option for +ve and
"Min" for –ve).
If you have visibility problem with the colors, change the background color to Black. To do that;
 Go to "Options"  "Graphics Color"  "Display" to display the Set Display Colors form.
 In the "For Device Type:" category, choose "Screen" and select "Black Background".
 Click "OK" to leave.

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This problem is solved using the excel file “CONTINUOUS BEAMS” (5 span sheet) and the resulting
shear and moment envelope diagrams are shown below. Aside from numerical rounding, the values
match those from ETABS. Note that the sign of the diagrams from the excel file are opposite.

If you want to see detailed values for a beam, right click on that beam while graphical results (like shear
or moment diagram) are in display. For example, right click on beam AB to see the detail diagram form
shown below. Try changing the "Max and Min" option to "Max", and you will see the +ve M & V
diagrams. "Min" will show the –ve M & V diagrams. you can also either see the maximum value or
scroll for values. You should experiment with the options in this form. For example, since it is not
displayed in the diagram, can you get the moment at support D? Also, what is the largest span deflection
in the whole structure?
Though this method is ideal for viewing a small structure, it is not efficient. A better way is to export
the results to Excel as shown in the "Export Results to Excel" section of this tutorial.

As pointed out at the beginning of this tutorial, the moments at center of support has no use for design
and we need to modify the beams as discussed in the next section. In order to do that, the model must
be unlocked. To unlock the model;

 Click the Lock/Unlock button or go to "Analyze"  "Unlock Model".

 Click "OK" on the message box that appear.

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10 Simulate Column Support

To visually see the effect of End Length Offset, it is better if you turn on the extruded view by
clicking the "Extruded View" button The beam will look as shown below.

End Length Offset = 0.5×width of column = 0.5×300 = 150mm.

Thus, all beams have an offset of 150mm on both of their ends. To assign End Length Offsets;
1) Select the beams.
2) Go to "Assign"  "Frame"  "End Length Offsets" to display the form shown below.
 Select the “Define Lengths” option.
 Insert 150 for End-I and End-J.
 Select "Weight Based on Full Length" to include the weight of concrete inside the support.

3) Click "OK" to leave.

If extruded view is on, you will be able to see the offsets as shown below.

You can also see the assigned values by right clicking on a beam and look at the "End Length Offsets"
property in the Assignments tab of the Beam Object Information form as shown below.

4) Turn off extruded view.

5) Run the analysis.

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The shear force and bending moment envelope diagrams are shown below for the ULS combo.

The diagrams without fill are as shown below.

Another analysis result you may want is the support reactions. To see the reactions graphically;

Click the "Display Support/Spring Reactions" button to display the form shown below.
 Select the "Combo" option.
 Select "ULS" from the combo list. Choose "Max" (to see Positive reactions).
 Set the Plot Type as "Tabulated".
 Check all of the check-boxes in the "Display Results for These Components" category.
 Click "OK".

The reactions will be displayed as shown below. Even if we select all reaction components in the form,
only the existing reactions (in this case Fz) will be displayed. As usual, hoovering the mouse around
the joints will display a pop up with all the components of the reactions.

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Summary of moments, shear and reactions from the Excel file "CONTINUOUS BEAM" & ETABS are
shown below.
SPAN MOMENTS
Envelope Envelope Design
SPAN Mmax Mmin M
AB 95.1 0.0 95.1
BC 75.8 0.0 75.8
CD 44.6 -4.7 44.6
DE 50.8 0.0 50.8
EF 98.2 0.0 98.2

SUPPORT MOMENTS
Envelope At support face Design
SUPPO Mmax MLeft MRight M
A 0.0 0.0 0.0 14.3
B 138.8 119.8 120.5 120.5
C 102.1 85.5 87.4 87.4
D 73.0 60.0 59.5 60.0
E 122.6 106.2 104.0 106.2
F 0.0 0.0 0.0 14.7

SHEAR AT FACE OF SUPPORT

Beam Support Excel ETABS
A 79.3 79.4
AB SUPPORT REACTION
B 123.9 123.9
B 119.2 119.2 Suppo Excel ETABS
BC
C 107.8 107.9 A 84.9 85.1
C 95.2 95 B 254.5 254.5
CD
D 84 84
C 214.4 214.3
D 86.9 86.9
DE D 182.3 182.3
E 106.1 105.9
E 121 120.9 E 238.4 238.2
EF
F 80.6 80.8 F 86.3 86.5
In the ETABS Support Moments table shown above, Mmax is at center of support and they are collected
before assigning the End Length Offsets. See the moment diagram in the “View Analysis Results”
section of this tutorial.

The design support moments at A and F from the Excel file are non-zero because they are taken to be
0.15*Span moment (this is requirement of the code). Additionally, when calculating moments at face
of support based on moment at center of support, the face moment should be at least 65% of the moment
at center of support. See the worked example on Ribbed Slab.

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11 Design
When you start a model using the built-in settings, you have selected the concrete design code to be
“Eurocode 2-2004”. Even if Eurocode is selected as the design code, you have to adjust some values
that are specific to EBCS. These values that are specific to a country (in this case, Ethiopia) are called
NDP or Nationally Determined Parameters.
Additionally, there are some parameters that depend on the type of the structure you are designing and
should also be adjusted.
For the design of concrete frame members as per EBCS, set the design preferences as follows.
1) Go to “Design”  “Concrete Frame Design”  “View/Revise Preferences” to display the Concrete
Frame Design Preferences form shown below.
 Make sure the Design Code is set to “Eurocode 2-2004”.
 For item 16 (αcc) & item 17 (αct), change both values to 0.85. See EBCS-2, cl.3.1.6.

2) Click “OK” to accept the changes and leave the form.

By default, ETABS assigns a ductility class of DCH for any new frame object automatically. We are
designing the beam in this tutorial as a non-seismic beam and hence we have to change their ductility
class to DCL. If this were a seismic frame, the ductility class would have been DCM.
3) Select all beams.
4) Go to “Design”  “Concrete Frame Design”  “View/Revise Overwrites” to display the Concrete
Frame Design Overwrites for Eurocode 2-2004 form shown below.
 Change the "Framing Type" to DCL.
5) Click “OK” to accept the changes and leave the form.

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We also have to specify the combinations to be used for design. If you run the design without specifying
the design combinations to be used, ETABS will generate default combinations as per the design code
you are using (Eurocode). These name of these combos starts with “DCon…” for concrete design.
6) Go to “Design”  “Concrete Frame Design”  “Select Design Combinations” to display the form
shown below.
7) From the "List of Combinations” on the left, select ULS.
8) Click the ≫ button to take the selected combo to the “Design Combinations” side on the right.

9) Click “OK” to accept the changes and leave the form.

Now, we can run the design.

10) Go to “Design”  “Concrete Frame Design”  “Start Design/Check”
When the design is completed, you will see area of reinforcement written on each beam.
To check if any member has failed the design;
11) Go to “Design”  “Concrete Frame Design”  “Verify All Members Passed”
A notification message will inform you about the status of members.

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12 View Design Results

To view results of design, go to “Design”  “Concrete Frame Design”  “Display Design Info”. This
will bring the form shown below. You can select the "Design Output" you want and click "OK".

The figures below show the “Longitudinal Reinforcing” and “Shear Reinforcing” outputs respectively.

Like shear & moment diagrams, moving the mouse on a beam will tell you what these numbers are. If
you right click on a beam the Concrete Beam Design Information form will appear. In that form, you
can select a location on the beam and click the "Details" button to see detailed design calculation.

In recent versions of ETABS, you can view a complete reinforcement data for beams as follows.
1) Go to “Design”  “Concrete Frame Design”  “Display Beam Design” to bring the Beam Design
form shown below.
2) For main rebars; fill the form as shown on the left and click “OK”. The result is shown below.
3) For stirrups; fill the form as shown on the right and click “OK”. The result is shown below.

Total Longitudinal rebar (mm²) = Flexural + 0.5×From torsion + Additional from shear

Total Transverse rebar (mm²/m) = Transverse shear rebar + 2×Transverse torsion rebar

The blue lines in these diagrams are the extents through which the rebars exist.

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13 Export Results to Excel

You can export the analysis & design results to Excel. Here we will only export the reactions from the
ULS combo and beam design results.
1) Go to “Display”  “Show Tables” to display the form shown below.

2) Select the tables from their categories as shown in the figure. These are;
 ANALYSIS RESULTS >> Joint Output >> Reactions >> Joint Reactions
From DESIGN DATA >> Concrete Frame Design Output:
 Concrete Frame Summary Data >> Concrete Beam Design Summary – Eurocode 2-2004
 Concrete Frame Detail Data >> Concrete Beam Flexure Envelope – Eurocode 2-2004
 Concrete Frame Detail Data >> Concrete Beam Shear Envelope – Eurocode 2-2004
3) Click “Select Load Cases”. Then deselect (clear) all of them and click “OK”.
4) Click “Select Combos”. Then select ULS and click “OK”.
5) Click the “OK” button to display the tables.
6) On the table, click “File”  “Export All Tables”  “To Excel” to export the tables.
7) After a couple of seconds, the table will open in Excel. Click the “Done” button to close the form.
8) Switch to the excel file and save it.

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