I Semester MSc.

Examination 2021-22
Mathematics-Algebra I
Time: 3 Hours Max.Marks:70
Instructions: i) Answer any five questions.
ii) All questions carry equal marks.

1. a) If G is a finite group and H  G is a subgroup of G such that OG  does not divide i (H )!
then prove that H contains a nontrivial normal subgroup of G. (8)
b) Prove that any non-abelian group G of order 6 is isomorphic to S3 . (6)
2. a) If G is a cyclic group of order ‘r’ and generator ‘a’ then prove that T : G  G defined by
T (a )  a t is an automorphism if and only if (r , t )  1 . (4)
O(G )
b) If G is a finite group then prove that C a  , where N(a) is the normalizer of a. (5)
ON (a) 

c) Show that O (G )  OZ (G )  

O(G )
 ON (a) , where Z(G) is the center of the finite group G.
N ( a )G

(5)
3. a) State and prove the Orbit-Stabilizer theorem. (7)
b) State and prove Cauchy-Frobenius theorem. (7)
4. a) Prove that the number of p-Sylow subgroups n p in G, for given prime p is given by
n p  1mod p  . (7)
b) If G is a group of order pq, where ‘p’ and ‘q’ are primes with p < q and 𝑞 ≢ 1(𝑚𝑜𝑑 𝑝) then
prove that G is cyclic and abelian. (7)
5. (a) Define Ideal of a ring. Let R be a commutative ring with unity whose ideals are {0} and R
itself. Prove that R is a field. (7)
(b) Define a maximal ideal of a ring. Prove that an ideal of the ring Z of integers is maximal if
and only if it is generated by some prime integer. (7)
6. (a) If R is a commutative ring with unit element and P is an ideal of R then prove that P is
𝑅
prime ideal of R if and only if 𝑃 is an integral domain. (4)
(b) Prove that any two isomorphic integral domains have isomorphic quotient fields. (3)
(c) Prove that every integral domain can be embedded in a field. (7)
7. (a) Define primitive polynomial. Prove that product of two primitive polynomials is again a
primitive polynomial. (5)
(b) State and prove Gauss lemma. (5)
3
(c) Using Eisenstein criteria, verify that the polynomial 𝑥 − 3𝑥 − 1 is irreducible over Q. (4)
8. (a) State and prove Fermat’s theorem. (5)
2 2
(b) If p is a prime number of the form 4𝑛 + 1 then prove that 𝑝 = 𝑎 + 𝑏 for some integers a
and b. (5)
2
(c) If p is a prime number of the form 4𝑛 + 1 then prove that 𝑥 ≡ −1(𝑚𝑜𝑑 𝑝). (4)

*****
 I Semester MSc. Examination 2021-22
MSc Mathematics-Algebra I
Time: 3 Hours Max.Marks :70
Instructions: i) Answer any five questions.
ii) All questions carry equal marks.

1. a) If  be a Homomorphism from G onto G with kernel K and N is a normal subgroup of

 
G and N  g  G /  g   N then prove that
G
(i) G G (ii) G  K (8)
N N N N
K
b) If G  Q,  then show that G  G where G is a group of complex numbers of the form
K
2i
e ,   Q , under multiplication with kernel K  Z . (6)
OG 
2. a) If G is a finite group, then show that OG   OZ G    (6)
  O  N a 
N a G

b) If G is a group with p m OG  for some prime p then prove that there exists a subgroup of
G of order p m . (8)
3. a) State and prove the Orbit-Stabilizer theorem. (7)
b) State and prove Cauchy-Frobenius theorem. (7)
4. a) Define solvable group. Prove that every subgroup of a solvable group is solvable. (4)
b) If N is normal subgroup of a group G such that both N and G/N are solvable, then prove that
G is solvable. (4)
c) Define G  Set. Let S be a G  Set and let ~ be a relation on S that is for
x, y  S , x ~ y  y  gx for some g  G . Then prove that Stabx  Staby and
oStabx   o(Staby ) . (6)
5. (a) Define division ring. Let R be a ring with unit element and R not necessarily commutative
such that the only left ideals of R are {0} and R. Then prove that R is a division ring. (7)
(b) Define maximal ideal of a ring R. Prove that an ideal of ring Z of integers is maximal if and
only if it is generated by some prime integer. (7)
6. (a) Define principle ideal ring. Show that a ring Z of integers is a principle ideal ring. (7)
(b) Prove that every integral domain can be embedded in a field. (7)
7. (a) Show that ring 𝑍[𝑖] of Gaussian integers is a Euclidean ring. (5)
(b) If R is a ring and 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ 𝑅 then prove that
(𝑖) 𝑑(𝑎𝑏) = 𝑑(𝑎) if b is a unit in R. (𝑖𝑖) 𝑑(𝑎𝑏) > 𝑑(𝑎) if b is a non-unit in R. (5)
𝑛
(c) If p is a prime, then prove that the polynomial 𝑥 − 𝑝 is irreducible over Q. (4)
8. (a) State and prove Fermat’s theorem. (5)
(b) State and prove Eisenstein criteria for irreducibility of a polynomial. (5)
2
(c) Show that the polynomial 𝑥 + 𝑥 + 4 is irreducible over F, the field of integers 𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑙𝑜 11.
(4)
*****