CBSE Class 12 Physics - Practice Question Paper

Maximum Marks: 70

Time Allowed: 3 hours

Section A: MCQs and Assertion-Reasoning Questions (1 mark each)

Instructions: Answer all 16 questions. Each question carries 1 mark.

1. A uniform electric field exists in a region. The electric potential at a point A is 10 V and at point B

is 20 V. What is the magnitude of the electric field if the separation between A and B is 1 m?

(A) 10 V/m (B) 20 V/m (C) 30 V/m (D) 5 V/m

2. A plane electromagnetic wave has electric field strength E and magnetic field strength B. The

ratio E/B equals:

(A) Speed of light (B) Planck's constant (C) Wavelength (D) Frequency

3. The diffraction effect can be observed in:

(A) Sound waves only (B) Light waves only (C) Both sound and light waves (D) Ultrasonic waves

4. What happens to the stopping potential if the frequency of incident light increases?

(A) It increases (B) It decreases (C) Remains the same (D) No effect

5. The refractive index of a medium is defined as:

(A) Speed of light in vacuum / speed in medium (B) Speed in medium / speed in vacuum (C)

Wavelength in vacuum / wavelength in medium (D) Frequency in vacuum / frequency in medium

6. An electron moves with velocity v perpendicular to a magnetic field B. The force acting on it is

proportional to:

(A) vB (B) v^2B (C) B^2v (D) B/v

7. The binding energy per nucleon is maximum for:

(A) Hydrogen (B) Helium (C) Iron (D) Uranium

8. The stopping potential in a photoelectric experiment is proportional to:

(A) Frequency of light (B) Work function (C) Kinetic energy of emitted electrons (D) Both A and C

9. An ideal transformer has 500 turns in the primary and 200 turns in the secondary coil. If the

primary voltage is 220 V, the secondary voltage is:

(A) 88 V (B) 110 V (C) 132 V (D) 55 V

10. Two charges Q1 and Q2 are separated by a distance r. If the force between them is F, what will

be the force when the distance is halved?

(A) F/4 (B) F/2 (C) 2F (D) 4F

11. The focal length of the objective and the eyepiece of a compound microscope are 1 cm and 5

cm, respectively. What is the magnifying power in normal adjustment?

(A) 100 (B) 200 (C) 300 (D) 500

12. A circular coil of radius r carries a current I. The magnetic field at its center is proportional to:

(A) r^2 (B) I/r (C) I/r^2 (D) r/I

13. Assertion: The energy of a charged particle moving in a magnetic field does not change.

Reason: Work done by magnetic force on the particle is zero.

(A) Both are true, and R explains A (B) Both are true, but R does not explain A (C) A is true, R is

false (D) Both are false

14. Assertion: In Young's double-slit experiment, the fringe width depends on the wavelength.

Reason: Fringe width increases with increasing wavelength.

(A) Both are true, and R explains A (B) Both are true, but R does not explain A (C) A is true, R is

false (D) Both are false

15. Assertion: A p-n junction diode conducts in the forward bias.

Reason: In forward bias, the width of the depletion layer decreases.

(A) Both are true, and R explains A (B) Both are true, but R does not explain A (C) A is true, R is

false (D) Both are false

16. Assertion: The refractive index of a denser medium is greater than 1.

Reason: Light slows down in a denser medium.

(A) Both are true, and R explains A (B) Both are true, but R does not explain A (C) A is true, R is

false (D) Both are false

Section B: Short Answer Questions (2 marks each)

Instructions: Answer all 5 questions. Each question carries 2 marks.

1. State Gauss's theorem and apply it to calculate the electric field due to an infinitely long straight

charged wire.

2. Explain why a p-n junction diode acts as a rectifier.

3. Draw the energy band diagram for a p-type semiconductor at room temperature and at T = 0 K.

4. How is the intensity of light affected when the amplitude of the wave is doubled?

5. Derive an expression for the drift velocity of electrons in a conductor in terms of current, number

density, and charge.

Section C: Short Answer Questions (3 marks each)

Instructions: Answer all 7 questions. Each question carries 3 marks.

1. Derive an expression for the magnetic field at the center of a circular coil carrying current.

2. Explain the working of an AC generator with a neat labeled diagram.

3. What is meant by impedance? Derive the expression for impedance in a series LCR circuit.

4. Explain the release of energy in nuclear fission and fusion using the binding energy per nucleon

curve.

5. State and derive the equation of continuity in a waveguide.

6. Define photoelectric effect. Write Einstein's photoelectric equation.

7. Derive the lens maker's formula for a thin lens in air.

Section D: Long Answer Questions (5 marks each)

Instructions: Answer any 2 out of 3 questions. Each question carries 5 marks.

1. State and derive Snell's law using Huygens' principle.

2. Describe the principle, working, and applications of a transformer. Discuss energy losses in a real

transformer.

3. Derive the equation for the diffraction pattern due to a single slit.

Section E: Case Study-Based Questions (4 marks each)

Instructions: Answer any 1 out of 2 questions. Each question carries 4 marks.

1. Study the graph of the photoelectric current vs anode potential for light beams of different

intensities and wavelengths. Answer the following:

(a) Which beam has the highest frequency?

(b) How is the maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons related to the stopping potential?

2. An electron moves with a speed of 2 × 106 m/s perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field of 0.2 T.

Calculate:

(a) The radius of the circular path it follows.

(b) The frequency of its revolution.