STYLES IN LIBREOFFICE

A style is a collection of all formatting information, which

you want to save and then apply on the document
Writer provides six Style categories
1.Page 2)Paragraph 3)Character 4)Frame 5)List 6)Table
Creating and Updating a New Style------------
If existing styles specified by Writer do not match our requirement, then it is also
possible to create a Custom Style. There are many ways to create a custom style,
two of them – 1)From Selection
2) by using drag and drop .

(1) From Selection

Step 1. Select the portion of document, such as page,paragraph, character, to
change its appearance.Format it as per the requirement.
Step 2. From the buttons at the top of the Style menu,choose the category
(paragraph, character,page, etc.) for which a new style is to be created.
Step 3. Select Style action button. A list of options is displayed. Click on New
Style from Selection.
Step 4. In Create Style dialog window, type the name of new style, say,
‘MyStyle’.The names of existing styles are displayed in the window.
Step 5. Click OK to save the name of new style.
Observe that the name of the newly created style ‘MyStyle’ appears in the list of
styles.
2)Using Drag and Drop method---------
Another way of creating a new style is using Drag andDrop method. It is very
easy, as the desired formattedportion of text is just dragged and dropped at
correct place in the Style menu.
steps to create a new Style using Drag and Drop method.
Step 1. Select the text from the document and change its formatting as desired.
Step 2. From the buttons at the top of the Style menu,choose the desired
category of style to create.
Step 3. Click on the desired style under which, new style is to be created.
Step 4. From the document drag the selected portion of text to the Style Menu.
Step 5. Create Style dialog window appears , type the name of new style. Names
of existing styles are displayed in the window.
Step 6. Click OK button to save the name of new style
Updating a Style------------
Instead of creating a new style for a small changes in predefined style, an existing
Style can be modified as per our requirement. Updating Current Style the
second option in list can be used for doing so.

Fill Format
To apply a style on words present at different locations in the document, you will
have to go to each word separately and apply it on each word. Writer provides a
convenient way of doing it through Fill Format option. It is the second icon from
right on the Style menu, This method is useful when a same style is to be applied
at many places scattered in the
document. Fill Format can be used to style scattered – pages, frames, tables, lists,
paragraphs or characters.
MACROS IN SPREADSHEET----------
A macro is a single instruction that executes a set of instructions. These set of
instructions can be a sequence of commands or keystrokes that can be used
for any
number of times later. A sequence of actions such as keystrokes and clicks
can be recorded and then run as per the requirement.
steps to record a macro.
Step 1. Click on Tools > Macros and then click on the Record Macro option.
Step 2. Now start taking actions that will be recorded.
Step 3. Once you click on Record Macro option, recording of actions starts
and a .
Clicking on “Stop Recording” button will stop the recording of actions.
Step 4. This will open the Basic Macros dialog window to save and run the
created macro,
Step 5. To save the macro, first select the object where you want the macro
to be saved in the Save Macro to list box.
Step 6. The name of the macro by default is Main and is saved in the
Standard Library in Module1. You can change the name of the macro.
Step 7. Click on Save button.
RUNNING A MACRO=
Select the cell range where u wish to apply a macro and then
Choose toolsmacrorun macro.It will display macro selector dialog box
Select the name of the macro and click on runok.

Advantages of macro
1.It saves time
2.it makes complex calculations easy
3.It ensures the standardization of document
4.it reduces error
5.it increases efficiency
6.it reduces redundancy

Rules for naming a MACRO---

1.It should begin with a letter
2.It should not contain a space or special character
3.It may contain underscore
Example of valid macro names
My_macro,macro2 etc.

The Macro records all the keyboard and mouse actions but the following
actions
are not recorded.
• Opening of windows
• Actions carried out in anotherwindow than where the recording was
started.
• Window switching
• Actions that are not related to the spreadsheet contents. For example,
changes made in the Options dialog,macro organizer, customizing.

• Selections are recorded only if they are done by using the keyboard (cursor
traveling), but not when the mouse is used.
• The macro recorder works only in Calc and Writer.
-------------------------------
 Template in libre office

A template is a preset layout that helps to create professional and/or formal

documents easily. Templates can be used to create a resume, chapter or
project report. A template can contain all the features or objects that a regular
document can contain – text,graphics, styles and can even use any language. In a
template we can create and save defined headings, text formats, styles, page
numbers, headers and footers.
When new documents are created from these templates,they have the same
content segregation, formatting features and appearance as that of the applied
templates.
All documents in Writer are based upon templates. If no specific template is
specified, then Writer uses the default template as blank document
template for the file being created.
Various templates available in libreoffice are Resume, CV ,Modern business
letter, default ,modern ,app ,business card with logo, simple etc,

Steps to create template from a document

Step1—Open a new or existing document

Step 2- Add the content and styles that you want .
Step—3 From the main menu ,choose filetemplatessave as template
Step 4--In the enter template field enter a name of new template.
Step 5--Select the template category to which you want to assign the template
Step—6 click OK to save the new template.

To Set custom template as the default:

Step 1: From the main menu,choose fileTemplateManage
Template(Ctrl+shift+n) dialog box opens
Step 2: In the box on the left,select the folder containing the template that you
want to set as the default, then select the template.
Step 3: Click the command button and choose Set As Default Template From the
drop-down menu
Advantage of using templates—
1)They help us to create documents more efficiently and consistently
2)Templates can save time by providing pre-formatted documents
3) They increase consistency and efficiency.
4)Templates can help to reduce costs by saving time
5)Templates can help to reduce stress and workload by simplifying the process
of creating documents.
DATA ANALISIS USING CALC--------
Analysing data is the process to extract useful information for making effective decisions.
The spreadsheet is one of the best software used for data analysis. It is used to retrieve,
correlate, explore and visualise data to identify patterns, trends and relationships. The
spreadsheet component in LibreOffice known as Calc includes several tools used to
manipulate the data in the spreadsheet.

WHAT IF ANALYSIS
It is a powerful tool that allows us to see what impact certain values can have on output.In
libreoffice SCENARIOS AND GOAL SEEK are whatif analysis tools.

SCENARIOS---This tool is used to predict the output while changing the inputs
which reflects the output and thus one can choose the best plan of action based on it. A
name is given to the scenario and several scenarios can be created on the same sheet.
It is used to explore and compare various alternatives depending on changing conditions.

steps to create scenario.

Step 1. Select the cells which contains values in the sheet that needs to be changed.
Step 2. Choose Tools>Scenarios will open scenario dialog window as shown in Fig.
Step 3. Enter a name for the new scenario and leave the other fields unchanged.
Step 4. Click on OK button.
Step 5. This will create a new scenario which is activated automatically. c
Goal Seek--This analysis tool works in reverse order, finding
input based on the output. It determines the input value to get the desired
output. To predict the output, we keep on changing all
the input values to obtain the desired output.
Steps to perform GOAL SEEK.
Step 1. Enter the values in the worksheet.
Step 2. Write the formula in the cell where the calculation has to be used.
Step 3. Place the cursor in the formula cell, choose Tools > Goal Seek.
Step 4. The Goal seek dialog window will appear as shown in Fig
Step 5. Place the cursor on the Variable cell box and click on the cell that
contains the value to be changed.
Step 6. Enter the desired result in the Target value box.
Step 7. Click on OK button.

What-if Tool
This tool uses two arrays of cells, one array contains the input values and the second array
uses the formula and display the result. It is useful to check in the beginning to understand
from the output for the efficiency
Following steps are used for what-if analysis tool:
Step 1. Enter the data in the cells and then enter a formula to calculate a result from values
in other cells.
Step 2. Create an array of input values on the basis of which the output is to be generated
STEP 3. Select the cell range of input array and output array.
Step 4. Click on Data>Multiple Operations
Step 5. Enter the cell address in the Formulas box
Step 6. Now, enter the cell address of the cell which is a variable.
Step 7. Click on OK will generate all the possible
outputs based on the formula.
Share and Review a Spreadsheet
In LibreOffice Calc, one spreadsheet can be used by more than one user at a time
by sharing it. A shared spreadsheet is a same sheet that can be accessed by more
than one user and can allow them to make changes simultaneously on it. It saves
the trouble of keeping track of multiple copies of the same spreadsheet. Sharing
allows working in collaboration so that everyone can contribute, make changes and
view it.
Steps to share a SPREADSHEET
We can share the spreadsheet document by selecting Tools > Share
SPREADSHEET.It will open share document dialog box
Select share this spreadsheet with other users Click ok
Once the spreadsheet is saved, the name of the spreadsheet in the title bar will display
(shared) along with the name of the spreadsheet.----ex (data.ods(shared)
When we save a spreadsheet in shared mode some of the options become
unavailable like –undo,redo,repeat etc

Saving a Shared Spreadsheet

Follow the steps given below to save a shared spreadsheet:
Step 1. After making the changes in the shared spreadsheet, you need to save it
before closing the spreadsheet.
Step 2. If two or more users are working at the same time and the changes do not
conflict, then the message will appear stating that the spreadsheet has been
updated with changes saved by other users.
Step 3. If there is any conflict for the changes, then resolve conflict dialog window
will appear.
Step 4. No other user can save the shared spreadsheet when you are resolving the
conflicts.
Step 5. If another user is trying to save the shared document and resolve conflicts,
then you will be notified with a message that the file is locked. Now, you cannot
save it.
Recording Changes in Calc
This feature of LibreOffice Calc provides different ways to record the changes made by one or
other users in the spreadsheet. While recording the changes, the spreadsheet will turn off its
shared feature. Follow the following steps for recording changes:
Steps to record changes-
1) Select edit—track changes--record
2) Make necessary changes. The border colour of the cell in which data has been changed
turns to red.Also, the changed cell will display the description if the cursor moves to the changed
cell. Thus, by looking at the spreadsheet, other users can easily know the changes made in the cell
and the changes made by whom.

Comments—It is possible to add,edit and format comments in a cell

In Calc, the comments are automatically added.Also, the author or reviewer can add
their own comments as well.
ADDING COMMENT
Select from main menu bar and click on Edit > Track Changes > Comment
to add your own comments.
Step 2. This will open the Add comment window.Enter your comments.
Step 3. Now to view the entered comment, click on the cell . It shows the complete
description of the comments entered.

Reviewing changes—accepet/reject changes

Once the shared sheet is edited by multiple users ,the owner can go through the
changes to accept or reject them.
STEPS TO REVIEW CHANGES—
1.select edit—track changes—show
2.it displayes the changes done by user
3.select edit—track changes—manage
4.select accept/accept all/reject/reject all to review the changes.
Databases and DBMS
A database is a collection of logically related data items stored in an organised manner. The
information being stored in a database can be added, modified, deleted or displayed
according to the requirements of the user.
The software that is used to create, update and retrieve data is known as database
management system (DBMS). It facilitates planning and maintenance of the database for the
user. Some of the common examples of DBMS are MS Access, Open Office or LibreOffice
Base, Oracle, Ingress, MySQL.

ADVANTAGES OF A DATABASE/DBMS The centralised nature of database system provides

several advantages
1. Reduce Data Redundancy: Redundancy means ‘duplication of data’. Database reduces
redundancy. This also ensures data consistency and saves the storage space.
2. Enforcing Data Integrity: It means that, the data contained in the database is accurate and
consistent.
3. Data Sharing: The data stored in the database can be shared among multiple users or
application programs.
4. Data Security: The DBMS ensures that the access of database is done only through an
authorised user.
5. Backup and Recovery: The DBMS provides backup and recovery sub-system that is
responsible to recover data from hardware and software failures.
Data Model is the structure of database and it describes the manner in which data will be
stored and retrieved.
• There are different data models, such as hierarchical data model, network data model and
relational data model.
• In Hierarchical Data Model, the data is organized into a tree like structure. The data is stored
in the form of linked records.
• In Network Data model, multiple records are linked to same master file.
• The Relational data model is based on the principle of setting relationships between two or
more tables of the same database.
• Entity is a real world object about which information is to be stored in a database.
• The details associated with the entity are called attributes.
• A table is a collection of logically related records. It is organised as a set of columns, and
can haveany number of rows.
• A field is the smallest entity in the database. These are individual record characteristics and
are presented as columns within a table.
• Data values are the raw data represented in numeric, character or alphanumeric form.
• The data values for all the fields related to a person or object is called a record. It is
presented as rows within a table.
• A primary key is a field that uniquely identifies a row in a table.
• This foreign key helps to build a relation between two or more tables in a database.
• All the field values that are eligible to be the primary key are the candidate keys for that
table.
In Student Registration Table, ‘Enrolment_Number’is the primary key and in the Student
Marks Table,‘Roll_Number’ is the primary key, whereas ‘Enrollment_Number’ is the foreign
key. This foreign key can be used to set a relation between two tables
 General Evacuation Procedure

There may be extreme emergencies which require immediate evacuation such as the event of a fire
or other event (e.g., chemical spill). The general evacuation procedure should be as listed below.

1. Pull a fire alarm and leave the building. Alert others to the nature and location of emergency on
your way out.

2. Remain calm and do not panic, proceed calmly to the exterior, and never push others. If the exit is
blocked or crowded, use a secondary exit.

3. If time permits, shut down any hazardous equipment or processes.

4. Evacuate the building using stairs and closest exit. Do not use elevator during fires. A company
should have at least two exit routes for proper evacuation during an emergency.

5. From a safe location and distance, dial 100 or 112 with information about the emergency and its
location.

6. Once evacuated, move away from the building upwind a minimum of 100 yards (or to your
designated upwind meeting location if applicable) unless otherwise instructed by emergency
personnel.

7. If you are aware of an individual unable to self-evacuate or in need of medical care, immediately
call 112 or 100 and tell the dispatcher the exact location of the person(s). Advise responding
emergency personnel if anyone requires medical treatment. Expanded evacuation may be required
depending on the hazards present.

8. For individuals with disabilities, assist them to reach out through corridors meant for them or if it
is not possible, then take them in front of a window and signal emergency responders from the
window to alert them of your presence.

9. The individual that pulled the alarm and persons with information regarding stranded occupants
or emergency details must notify responding emergency personnel.

10. Do not re-enter the building until authorized by emergency personnel.

11. If you observe people not taking an alarm seriously, please encourage them to do so. It may save
their life and will reduce the risks to responding emergency personnel.

12. Be familiar with all exit locations of buildings you frequent prior to an emergency.

13. Never ignore an evacuation alarm. Doing so puts yours and responding emergency personnel
lives in extreme danger. It is your responsibility to evacuate and is also required by the law.
 HOW TO USE A FIRE EXTINGUISER

The basic steps for operating a typical fire extinguisher can be best remembered by acronym 'PASS'
where;

* P stands for "Pull" out the safety pin

* A stands for "Aim/Arm" (actuate)

* S stands for "Squeeze" the operating levers

* S stands for "Spray" at the bottom of fire.

In general, there are three methods of extinguishing fire and they are:

(i) Cooling

This is done so as to eliminate one of the elements of fire which is heat and it can be achieved by use
of water or sand.

(ii) Smothering

This process helps to eliminate air (oxygen) and it can be done by use of blanket or foam
extinguishers.

(iii) Starvation

This is the process of cutting out the fuel supply so as to arrest the fire.
 Types of Emergencies

which poses an immediate risk and which requires urgent attention..

The emergencies can be of the following types :

Blizzards. A blizzard is a severe snowstorm characterized by strong sustained winds of at least 56

km/h (35 mph) and lasting for a prolonged period of time-typically three hours or more.

Chemical spills. A chemical spill is a situation in which a chemical is accidentally released. Bhopal Gas
tragedy is an example of such an emergency.

Dam failure. A dam failure or dam burst is a catastrophic type of failure characterized by the sudden,
rapid, and uncontrolled release of impounded water or the likelihood of such an uncontrolled
release. Between the years 2000 and 2009 more than 200 notable dam failures happened
worldwide.

Droughts. A drought is an event of prolonged shortages in the water supply, whether atmospheric,
surface water or ground water.

Earthquake. An earthquake is the shaking of the surface of the Earth resulting from a sudden release
of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic waves.

◆ Electrocution. Electrocution is electric current passing through the body until death occurs.

Extreme heat waves. Extreme heat wave is a period of excessively hot weather, which may be
accompanied by high humidity.

Fire. Major fire break out.

Floods. Floods are natural occurrences where an area or land that is normally dry abruptly becomes
submerged in water.
Hurricanes. Lost child or Alzheimer family member.

Pandemics. A pandemic is any disease or condition that affects people in many countries at the same
time. Corona virus pandemic is one such example.
 Falls and Slips Prevention Guidelines

The main causes of slips, trips and falls in the workplace are :

◆ uneven floor surfaces;

◆ unsuitable floor coverings;

◆ wet floors;

> changes in levels;

◆ trailing cables;

◆ poor lighting; and

◆ poor housekeeping.
The easiest way to avoid slips and falls is to pay attention to your surroundings and to avoid running
or rushing. To ensure safety for others in the office, however, following general rules and guidelines
are suggested:

◆ Arrange office furnishings in a manner that provides unobstructed areas for movement.

◆ Keep stairs, steps, flooring, and carpeting well maintained.

◆ Ensure that glass doors have some type of marking to keep people from walking through them.

◆ Clearly mark any difference in floor level that could cause an accident.

◆ Secure throw rugs and mats to prevent slipping hazards.

◆ Clean up fluid spills.

◆ Do not place wastebaskets or other objects in walkways.

◆ Be aware of added risk of falling when entering a building if outside weather is rain or

snow.

◆ Regardless of the intensity of injury, it is important that the incident is reported to the supervisor
immediately.

◆ Place Office Safety specific tips in the office at prominent places so that everyone knows.

What Can I Do To Prevent Slips, Trips and Falls ?

Work Area

■ Wear appropriate slip-resistant shoes.

■ Slow down to negotiate turns, corners, obstacles, and areas of limited visibility.

■ Keep workspace and walkways clean, clear, and well lit for you and your visitors.

Wet Floors

■ Clean up wet areas and spills immediately.

■ Make sure signs warn others of the danger of wet surfaces when mopping.
■ Use caution in areas where wet floors are likely : entrances, rest rooms, and mopped floors.