physics sample paper

Class XII Session 2024-25
Subject - Physics
Sample Question Paper - 6
Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 70
General Instructions:
1. There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
2. This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D and Section E.
3. All the sections are compulsory.
4. Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQ and four Assertion Reasoning based of 1 mark each, Section B
contains five questions of two marks each, Section C contains seven questions of three marks each, Section D
contains two case study based questions of four marks each and Section E contains three long answer questions of
five marks each.

5. There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one question in Section B, one
question in Section C, one question in each CBQ in Section D and all three questions in Section E. You have to
attempt only one of the choices in such questions.
6. Use of calculators is not allowed.
Section A
1. In the circuit shown, the current through the ideal diode is: [1]
a) 100 mA b) 20 mA
c) 25 mA d) 75 mA
2. m2V-1s-1 is the SI unit of which of the following? [1]
a) Potential gradient b) Mobility
c) Drift velocity d) Resistivity

3. For a glass prism, the angle of minimum deviation will be smallest for the light of [1]
a) blue colour b) yellow colour
c) green colour d) red colour.
4. A bar-magnet of the pole-strength 2 Amp-m is kept in a magnetic field of induction 4 × 10-5 Wb/m2 such that [1]
the axis of the magnet makes an angle 30° with the direction of the field. If the couple acting on the magnet is
found to be 80 × 10-7 Nm, then the distance between the poles of the magnet is:
a) 20 cm b) 4 m
c) 2 m d) 8 m
5. A proton is about 1840 times heavier than an electron. When it is accelerated by a potential difference of 1 kV, [1]
its kinetic energy will be:
a) 920 keV b) 1840

1
keV
c) 1 keV d) 1840 keV
6. An electron with velocity v ⃗ = ^ ^

(vx i + vy j ) moves through a magnetic field B⃗ = ^ ^
(Bx i − By j ) . The force F⃗ [1]
on the electron is : (e is the magnitude of its charge)
a) e (v x By
^
− vy Bx ) k b) ^
−e ( vx By − vy Bx ) k
c) −e (v x By
^
+ vy Bx ) k d) ^
e ( vx By + vy Bx ) k
7. There are two coils A and B as shown in the figure. A current starts flowing in B as shown, when A is moved [1]
towards B and stops when A stops moving. The current in A is counter clockwise. B is kept stationary when A
moves. We can infer that
a) there is a constant current in the b) there is a constant current in the clockwise

counterclockwise direction in A. direction in A.
c) there is a varying current in A. d) there is no current in A.
8. A bar magnet having a magnetic moment of 2 × 104 JT-1 is free to rotate in a horizontal plane. A horizontal [1]
magnetic field B = 6 × 10-4 T exists in the space. The work done in taking the magnet slowly from a direction
parallel to the field to a direction 60° from the field is
a) 0.6 J b) 12 J
c) 2 J d) 6 J
9. Phase difference between any two points of a wavefront is [1]
a) π b) 0
c) d)
π π
4 2
10. When 1019 electrons are removed from a neutral metal plate, the electric charge on it is [1]
a) -1.6 C b) 10+19 C
c) +1.6 C d) 10-19 C
11. In the energy band diagram of a material as given below, the open circles and filled circles denote holes and [1]
electrons respectively. The material is a/an
a) insulator b) metal
c) p-type semiconductor d) n-type semiconductor

12. The minimum distance between an object and its real image formed by a convex lens of focal length f is: [1]
a) 4f b) f
c) 2f d) 3f
13. Assertion (A): When ultraviolet light is incident on a photocell, its stopping potential is V0 and the maximum [1]
kinetic energy of the photoelectrons is Kmax. When the ultraviolet light is replaced by X-rays, both V0 and
Kmax. increase.
Reason (R): Photoelectrons are emitted with speeds ranging from zero to a maximum value because of the
range of frequencies present in the incident light.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

14. Assertion: When a capacitor is filled completely with a metallic slab its capacity becomes very large. [1]
Reason: Dielectric constant for metal is zero.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the
explanation of A correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false d) A is false and R is also false

15. Assertion (A): According to Huygen’s principle, no backward wave-front is possible. [1]
Reason (R): Amplitude of secondary wavelet is proportional to (1 + cos θ ) where θ is the angle between the ray
at the point of consideration and the direction of secondary wavelet.

16. Assertion (A): Faraday’s laws are consequences of the conservation of energy. [1]
Reason (R): In a purely resistive AC circuit, the current lags behind the emf in phase.

Section B
17. Compare the following: [2]
i. Wavelengths of the incident solar radiation absorbed by the earth's surface and the radiation re-radiated by
the earth.
ii. Tanning effect produced on the skin by UV incident directly on the skin and that coming through glass
window.
18. A sample of paramagnetic salt contains 2.0 × 1024 atomic dipoles each of dipole moment 1.5 × 10-23 JT-1. The [2]
sample is placed under homogeneous magnetic field of 0.84 T and cooled to the temperature of 4.2 K. The
degree of magnetic saturation achieved is equal to 15%. What is the total dipole moment of the sample for a
magnetic field of 0.98 T and a temperature of 2.8 K (assume Curie's law)?
19. Distinguish between intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors. Although in an extrinsic semiconductor ne ≠ nh, yet [2]
it is electrically neutral. Why?

20. Explain why the spectrum of hydrogen atom has many lines, although a hydrogen atom contains only one [2]
electron.
21. Answer the following: [2]
a. Magnetic field lines can be entirely confined within the core of a toroid, but not within a straight solenoid.
Why?
b. Does a bar magnet exert a torque on itself due to its own field? Justify your answer.
c. When an electron revolves around a nucleus, obtain the expression for the magnetic moment associated with
it.
OR
a. It is not advisable to use a galvanometer as such to measure current directly. Why?
b. Why should the value of resistance connected in parallel to a galvanometer be low?
c. Is the reading shown by an ammeter in a circuit less than or more than the actual value of current flowing in the
circuit? Why?
Section C
22. a. Write the relationship between mobility and drift velocity in a current carrying conductor. [3]
b. Two aluminium wires have their lengths in the ratio 2 : 3 and radii in the ratio 1 : 3. These are connected in
parallel across a battery of emf E and of negligible internal resistance. Find the ratio of drift velocities of the
electrons in the two wires.
23. The following figure shows the V-I characteristics of a semiconductor diode. [3]
i. Identify the semiconductor diode used.
ii. Draw the circuit diagram to obtain the given characteristics of this device.
iii. Briefly explain how this diode can be used as a voltage regulator.
24. Write the basic features of the photon picture of electromagnetic radiation on which Einstein's photoelectric [3]
equation is based.
25. Calculate and compare the energy released by [3]
a. fusion of 1.0 kg of hydrogen deep within Sun and
b. the fission of 1.0 kg of 235U in a fission reactor.
26. An electron in a hydrogen atom makes transitions from orbits of higher energies to orbits of lower energies. [3]
a. When will such transitions result in (a) Lyman (b) Balmer series?
b. Find the ratio of the longest wavelength in Lyman series to the shortest wavelength in Balmer series.
27. In a single slit diffraction experiment, a slit of width d is illuminated by red light of wavelength 650 nm. For [3]
what value of d will
i. the first minimum fall is at an angle of diffraction of 30°and
ii. the first maximum fall is at an angle of diffraction of 30°?
28. A coil of cross-sectional area A lies in a uniform magnetic field B with its plane perpendicular to the field. In [3]
this position the normal to the coil makes an angle of 0° with the field. The coil rotates at a uniform rate to
complete one rotation in time T. Find the average induced emf in the coil during the interval when the coil
rotates:
i. from 0° to 90°position
ii. from 90° to 180° position
iii. from 180° to 270° and
iv. from 270° to 360°
OR
Figure shows a metallic rod PQ of length l, resting on the smooth horizontal rails AB positioned between the poles of
a permanent magnet. The rails, the rod, and the magnetic field are in three mutually perpendicular directions. A
galvanometer G connects the rails through a switch K. Assume the magnetic field to be uniform. Given the resistance
of the closed-loop containing the rod is R.
i. Suppose K is open and the rod is moved with a speed v in the direction shown. Find the polarity and magnitude of
induced emf.
ii. With K open and the rod moving uniformly, there is no net force on the electrons in the rod PQ even though they
do experience a magnetic force due to the motion of the rod. Explain.
iii. What is the induced emf in the moving rod if the magnetic field is parallel to the rails instead of being
perpendicular?
Section D
29. Read the text carefully and answer the questions: [4]
An electromagnetic wave transports linear momentum as it travels through space. If an electromagnetic wave
transfers a total energy U to a surface in time t, then total linear momentum delivered to the surface is p = .
U
When an electromagnetic wave falls on a surface, it exerts pressure on the surface. In 1903, the American
scientists Nichols and Hull succeeded in measuring radiation pressures of visible light where other had failed, by
making a detailed empirical analysis of the ubiquitous gas heating and ballistic effects.
(a) The pressure exerted by an electromagnetic wave of intensity I(W m-2) on a non-reflecting surface is ( c is
the velocity of light)
a) I
c
b) I
2
c
c) Ic2 d) Ic
(b) Light with an energy flux of 18 W/cm2 falls on a non-reflecting surface at normal incidence. The pressure
exerted on the surface is:
a) 2 N/m2 b) 6 × 10-4 N/m2
c) 2 × 10-4 N/m2 d) 6 N/m2
(c) Radiation of intensity 0.5 W m-2 are striking a metal plate. The pressure on the plate is
a) 0.212 × 10-8 N m-2 b) 0.132 × 10-8 N m-2
c) 0.166 × 10-8 N m-2 d) 0.083 × 10-8 N m-2
OR
The radiation pressure of the visible light is of the order of
a) 10-4 N/m b) 10-6 N/m2
c) 10-8 N d) 10-2 N m2
(d) A point source of electromagnetic radiation has an average power output of 1500 W. The maximum value
of electric field at a distance of 3 m from this source (in V m-1) is
a) 500 b)
500
c) d) 100
250
When electric dipole is placed in uniform electric field, its two charges experience equal and opposite forces,
which cancel each other and hence net force on electric dipole in uniform electric field is zero. However these
forces are not collinear, so they give rise to some torque on the dipole. Since net force on electric dipole in
uniform electric field is zero. so no work is done in moving the electric dipole in uniform electric field. However
some work is done in rotating the dipole against the torque acting on it.
(a) The dipole moment of a dipole in a uniform external field E⃗ is P ⃗. Then the torque τ ⃗ acting on the dipole
is
a) τ ⃗ = ⃗ ⃗
2( P + E ) b) ⃗
τ⃗ = P ⋅E
⃗
c) τ ⃗ = ⃗ ⃗
(P + E ) d) ⃗
τ⃗ = P × E
⃗
(b) An electric dipole consists of two opposite charges, each of magnitude 1.0 μ C separated by a distance of
2.0 cm. The dipole is placed in an external field of 105 NC-1. The maximum torque on the dipole is
a) 4 × 10-3 Nm b) 2 × 10-3 Nm
c) 1 × 10-3 Nm d) 0.2 × 10-3 Nm
(c) Torque on a dipole in uniform electric field is minimum when θ is equal to
a) 0o b) 90o
c) 180o d) Both 0o and 180o
(d) When an electric dipole is held at an angle in a uniform electric field, the net force F and torque τ on the
dipole are
a) F = 0, τ = 0 b) F ≠ 0, τ ≠ 0
c) F ≠ 0, τ = 0 d) F = 0, τ ≠ 0
OR
An electric dipole of moment p is placed in an electric field of intensity E. The dipole acquires a position
such that the axis of the dipole makes an angle θ with the direction of the field. Assuming that the
potential energy of the dipole to be zero when θ = 90o, the torque and the potential energy of the dipole
will respectively be
a) pE sin θ , - pE cos θ b) pE cos θ , -pE sin θ
c) pE sin θ , 2pE cos θ d) pE sin θ , -2pE cos θ

Section E
31. i. Draw a ray diagram showing the image formation by a compound microscope. Obtain the expression for [5]
total magnification when the image is formed at infinity.
ii. How does the resolving power of a compound microscope get affected, when
1. focal length of the objective is decreased.
2. the wavelength of light is increased ? Give reasons to justify your answer.
OR
i. Using Huygens's construction of secondary wavelets explains how a diffraction pattern is obtained on a screen
due to a narrow slit on which a monochromatic beam of light is incident normally.
ii. Show that the angular width of first diffraction fringe is half that of the central fringe.
iii. Explain why the maxima at θ = become weaker and weaker with increasing n.
1 λ
(n + )
2 a
32. Two charged conducting spheres of radii a and b are connected to each other by a wire. What is the ratio of [5]
electric fields at the surfaces of the two spheres? Use the result obtained to explain why charge density on the
sharp and pointed ends of a conductor is higher than on its flatter portions.
OR
Two parallel metal plates P and Q are inserted at equal distances into a plane capacitor as shown in fig. Plates A and
B of the capacitor are connected to a battery of e.m.f. V.
a. What are the potentials of the four plates?
b. How will the potentials of plates P and Q and the intensities of the fields in each of the three spaces change after
plates P and Q have been connected by a wire?
c. What will happen to the charges on plates A and B, when plates P and Q are connected with a wire?
d. Will there be charges on the plates P and Q after connecting them with a wire?
33. i. An alternating voltage V = Vm sin ωt applied to a series L-C-R circuit derives a current given by [5]
I = Im sin(ωt + ϕ). Deduce an expression for the average power dissipated over a cycle.
ii. For circuit used for transporting electric power, a low power factor implies large power loss in transmission.
Explain.
OR
a. Draw graphs showing the variations of inductive reactance and capacitive reactance with the frequency of the
applied ac source.
b. Draw the phasor diagram for a series RC circuit connected to an ac source.
c. An alternating voltage of 220 V is applied across a device X, a current of 0.25 A flows, which lag behind the
applied voltage in phase by radian. If the same voltage is applied across another device Y, the same current
π
flows but now it is in phase with the applied voltage.

i. Name the devices X and Y.
ii. Calculate the current flowing in the circuit when the same voltage is applied across the series combination of
X and Y.
Subject - Physics
five marks each.

Section A
1. A bridge rectifier is shown in the figure. Alternating input is given across A and C. If the output is taken across [1]
BD, then it is:
a) full wave rectified b) zero
c) half wave rectified d) same as input

2. If P and Q are two batteries connected in series with anode of one connected to anode of the other, producing [1]
voltages E1 and E2 > E1 respectively. The e.m.f of the pair is
a) E1 b) E2
c) E2 - E1 d) E2 + E1
3. An object approaches a convergent lens from the left of the lens with a uniform speed 5 m/s and stops at the [1]
focus. The image
a) moves away from the lens with a uniform b) moves away from the lens with a uniform
acceleration speed 5 m/s
c) moves towards the lens with a non-uniform d) moves away from the lens with a non-
acceleration uniform acceleration
4. A bar magnet is cut into two equal halves parallel to its magnetic axis. The physical quantity that remains [1]
unchanged is:
a) moment of inertia b) pole strength
c) magnetic moment d) magnitude of magnetisation

5. A capacitor is charged by a battery. Between the plates, during process of charging: [1]
a) only conduction current exists. b) only displacement current exists.
c) both displacement current and conduction d) no current exists.

current exist.
6. A vertical straight conductor carries a current vertically upwards. A point P lies to the east of it at a small [1]
distance and another point Q lies to the west in the same direction. The magnetic field at P is:
a) greater or less than at Q, depending upon the b) greater than at Q

strength of the current
c) less than at Q d) same as at Q

7. Given magnetic field B, area A and length l of a solenoid. The magnetic energy per unit volume is [1]
a) 1
2μ
2
B A b) 3
2μ
2
B Al
0 0
c) 1
2μ
3
B Al d) B
2μ
0 0
8. The ratio of magnetic fields due to a small bar magnet in the end on position to the broad side on position is [1]
a) 1 : 1 b) 1 : 4
c) 2 : 1 d) 1 : 2
9. Which of the following phenomenon cannot take place with longitudinal waves (e.g., sound waves)? [1]
a) polarisation b) diffraction
c) reflection d) interference
10. When a negatively charged conductor is connected to earth [1]
a) Electrons flow from the earth to the b) Protons flow from the conductor to the earth
conductor
c) No charge flow occurs d) Electrons flow from the conductor to the

earth
11. The diode used in the circuit shown in the figure has a constant voltage drop at 0.5 V at all currents and a [1]
maximum power rating of 100 milliwatts. What should be the value of the resistor R, connected in series with
diode for obtaining maximum current?
a) 20 Ω b) 6.76 Ω
c) 5 Ω d) 5.6 Ω
12. The layered lens is made of two kinds of glass. A point source of light is placed on its principal axis. If the [1]
reflections from the boundaries between layers are ignored, the lens will form
a) no image at all b) two images
c) infinite images d) only one image

13. Assertion (A): The de Broglie wavelength of a molecule varies inversely as the square root of temperature. [1]
Reason (R): The root mean square velocity of the molecule depends on the temperature.

14. Assertion: Two concentric charged inner and outer shell are given. The potential difference between the shells [1]
depends on charge of inner shell.
Reason: Potential due to charge of outer shell remains same at every point inside the sphere.
a) Assertion and reason both are correct b) Assertion and reason both are correct
statements and reason is correct explanation statements but reason is not correct
for assertion. explanation for assertion.
c) Assertion is correct statement but reason is d) Assertion is wrong statement but reason is
wrong statement. correct statement.
15. Assertion (A): Skiers use air glasses. [1]
Reason (R): Light reflected by snow is partially polarised.

16. Assertion (A): Transformers are used only in alternating current sources, not in direct current. [1]
Reasons (R): Only a.c. can be stepped up or down by means of transformers.

Section B
17. Use the formula λ m T = 0.29 cm K to obtain the characteristic temperature ranges for different parts of the [2]
electromagnetic spectrum. What do the numbers that you obtain tell you?
18. Two magnetic poles, one of which is 10 times as strong as the other, exert on each other a force equal to 9.604 [2]
mN, when placed 10 cm apart in air. Find the strength of the two poles.
19. Two crystals C1 and C2, made of pure silicon, are doped with arsenic and aluminium respectively. [2]
a. Identify the extrinsic semiconductors so formed.

b. Why is doping of intrinsic semiconductors necessary?
20. The ground state energy of hydrogen atom is -13.6 eV. If an electron makes a transition from an energy level [2]
-1.51 eV to - 3.4 eV, then calculate the wavelength of the spectral line emitted and name the series of hydrogen
spectrum to which it belongs.
21. A beam of protons with a velocity 4 × 10 5
m/s enters a uniform magnetic field of 0.3 T at an angle 60° to the [2]
magnetic field. Find the radius of the helical path taken by the proton beam. Also find the pitch of the helix mp
−27
= 1.67 × 10 k
OR
What will be the path of a charged particle moving in a region of crossed (or transverse) uniform electrostatic and
magnetic fields with initial velocity zero?
Section C
22. Two cells of emf 2E and E and internal resistances 2r and r respectively, are connected in parallel. Obtain the [3]
expressions for the equivalent emf and the internal resistance of the combination.
23. Draw the circuit diagram of a full wave rectifier. Explain its working principle. Show the input waveforms given [3]
to the diodes D1 and D2 and the corresponding output waveforms obtained at the load connected to the circuit.
24. A beam of monochromatic radiation is incident on a photosensitive surface. Answer the following questions [3]
giving reasons.
i. Do the emitted photoelectrons have the same kinetic energy?
ii. Does the kinetic energy of the emitted electrons depend on the intensity of incident radiation?
iii. On what factors does the number of emitted photoelectrons depend?
25. Deuteron is a bound state of a neutron and a proton with a binding energy B = 2.2 MeV. A γ -ray of energy E is [3]
aimed at a deuteron nucleus to try to break it into a (neutron + proton) such that the n and p move in the
direction of the incident γ -ray. If E = B, show that this cannot happen. Hence calculate how much bigger than B
must E be for such a process to happen.
26. Using Bohr's total postulates, derive the expression for the total energy of the electron in the stationary states of [3]
hydrogen atom.
27. In single slit diffraction, explain why the maxima at θ = (n +
1
)(
λ
) becomes weaker and weaker as n [3]
2 a
increases. State two important differences between interference and diffraction pattern.
28. i. Define mutual inductance. [3]
ii. A pair of adjacent coils has a mutual inductance of 1.5 H. If the current in one coil changes from 0 to 20 A in
0.5 s, what is the change of flux linkage with the other coil?
OR
A small flat search coil of area 5 cm2 with 140 closely wound turns is placed between the poles of a powerful magnet
producing magnetic field 0.09 T and then quickly removed out of the field region. Calculate
a. change of magnetic flux through the coil, and
b. emf induced in the coil.
Section D
Electrons oscillating in a circuit give rise to radiowaves. A transmitting antenna radiates most effectively the
radiowaves of wavelength equal to the size of the antenna. The infrared waves incident on a substance set into
oscillation all its electrons, atoms and molecules. This increases the internal energy and hence the temperature of
the substance.
(a) If vg, vX and vm are the speeds of gamma rays, X-rays and microwaves respectively in vacuum, then
a) vg > vX > vm b) vg < vX < vm
c) vg > vX > vm d) vg = vX = vm
(b) Which of the following will deflect in electric field?
a) ultraviolet rays b) γ -rays
c) X-rays d) cathode rays

(c) γ -rays are detected by
a) point contact diodes b) ionization chamber
c) thermopiles d) photocells
OR
We consider the radiation emitted by the human body. Which one of the following statements is true?
i. The radiation emitted is in the infrared region.
ii. The radiation is emitted only during the day.
iii. The radiation is emitted during the summers and absorbed during the winters.
iv. The radiation emitted lies in the ultraviolet region and hence it is not visible.
a) Option (iv) b) Option (ii)
c) Option (iii) d) Option (i)

(d) The frequency of electromagnetic wave, which best suited to observe a particle of radius 3 × 10-4 cm is
the order of
a) 1014 Hz b) 1012 Hz
c) 1013 Hz d) 1015 Hz
A charge is a property associated with the matter due to which it experiences and produces an electric and
magnetic field. Charges are scalar in nature and they add up like real numbers. Also, the total charge of an
isolated system is always conserved. When the objects rub against each other charges acquired by them must be
equal and opposite.
(a) The cause of charging is:
a) the actual transfer of atoms b) the actual transfer of protons

c) the actual transfer of electrons d) the actual transfer of neutrons
(b) Pick the correct statement.
i. The glass rod gives protons to silk when they are rubbed against each other.
ii. The glass rod gives electrons to silk when they are rubbed against each other.
iii. The glass rod gains protons from silk when they are rubbed against each other.
iv. The glass rod gains electrons when they are rubbed against each other.
a) Option (i) b) Option (iv)
c) Option (iii) d) Option (ii)

(c) If two electrons are each 1.5 × 10-10m from a proton, as shown in Figure, magnitude of the net electric
force they will exert on the proton is
a) 1.97 × 10-8 N b) 3.83 × 10-8 N
c) 4.63 × 10-8 N d) 2.73 × 10-8 N
(d) A charge is a property associated with the matter due to which it produces and experiences:
a) electric effects only b) magnetic effects only
c) both electric and magnetic effects d) non magnetic effects only

OR
The cause of quantization of electric charges is:
a) transfer of an integral number of b) transfer of an integral number of

electrons neutrons
c) transfer of an integral number of d) transfer of an integral number of Atom

protons
Section E
31. i. A coin is placed inside a denser medium. Why does it appear to be raised? Obtain an expression for the [5]
height through which the object appears to be raised in terms of refractive index of the medium and real
depth.
ii. A compound microscope consists of an objective lens of focal length 2 cm and an eyepiece of focal length
6.25 cm separated by a distance of 15 cm. How far from the objective should an object be placed in order to
obtain the final image at the least distance of distinct vision (25 cm)? Calculate the magnifying power of the
microscope.
OR
A small transparent slab containing material of μ = 1.5 is placed along AS2 (Figure). What will be the distance from
O of the principal maxima and of the first minima on either side of the principal maxima obtained in the absence of
the glass slab?
AC = CO = D, S1C = S2C = d << D
32. i. Define the capacitance of a capacitor. Obtain the expression for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor [5]
in vacuum in terms of plate area A and separation d between the plates.
ii. A slab of material of dielectric constant k has the same area as the plates of a parallel plate 3d
4
capacitor but
has a thickness -. Find the ratio of the capacitance with dielectric inside it to its capacitance without the
dielectric.
OR
a. Explain why, for any charge configuration, the equipotential surface through a point is normal to the electric field
at that point.
Draw a sketch of equipotential surfaces due to a single charge (-q), depicting the electric field lines due to the
charge.
b. Obtain an expression for the work done to dissociate the system of three charges placed at the vertices of an
equilateral triangle of side a as shown alongside.
33. a. State the condition for resonance to occur in series LCR a.c. circuit and derive an expression for resonant [5]
frequency.
b. Draw a plot showing the variation of the peak current (im) with frequency of the a.c, source used. Define the
quality factor Q of the circuit.
OR
With the help of a diagram, explain the principle of a device which changes a low voltage into a high voltage but
does not violate the law of conservation of energy. Give any one reason why the device may not be 100% efficient.
Subject - Physics
five marks each.

Section A
1. If μ and μ are electron and hole mobility, E be the applied electric field, the current density j for intrinsic
e h
[1]
semiconductor is equal to
a) n i
e ( μe + μh ) E b) ni e(μ +μ
e h
)
c) n i
e ( μe − μh ) E d) E
ni e(μ +μ )
e h
2. If the temperature of cold junction of a thermocouple is lowered, then the neutral temperature: [1]
a) becomes zero b) increases
c) decreases d) remains the same

∘
3. The frequency of light in a material is 2× 1014 Hz and wavelength is 5,000 A. The refractive index of the [1]
material will be
a) 1 ⋅ 40 b) 3 ⋅ 00
c) 1 ⋅ 50 d) 1 ⋅ 33
4. A Rowland ring of mean radius 15 cm has 3500 turns of wire wound on a ferromagnetic core of relative [1]
permeability 800. What is the magnetic field B in the core for a magnetising current of 1.2A?
a) 3.48 T b) 5.48 T
c) 4.08 T d) 4.48 T
5. In electrolytic capacitors positive terminal is [1]
a) one on which aluminium oxide film is not b) one on which aluminium oxide film is
formed formed
c) none of the these d) either of the two terminals

6. A wire of length L carrying current i is placed perpendicular to the magnetic induction B. The total force on the [1]
wire is
a) LB/i b) iL/B
c) iLB d) iB/L
7. Inductance plays the role of [1]
a) inertia b) friction
c) force d) source of emf
8. The value of 1 Bohr magneton is: [Given h = 6.62 × 10-34 Js, e = 1.6 × 10-19 C and me = 9.1 × 10-31 kg] [1]
a) 7.27 × 10-24 Am2 b) 9.27 × 10-24 Am2
c) 10.57 × 10-24 Am2 d) 8.57 × 10-24 Am2
9. What happens to fringe width in the Young's double slit experiment, if it is performed in glycerine instead of air? [1]
a) The fringes shrink b) The fringes disappear
c) The fringes remain unchanged d) The fringes get enlarged

10. The attractive force between 2 charges is related to the distance between them as [1]
a) r b) 1
2
r
c) r 2 d) 1
11. Consider the junction diode as ideal. The value of current flowing through AB is [1]
a) 10-2 A b) 0 A
c) 10-1 A d) 10-3 A
12. Magnifying power of a microscope depends on [1]
a) focal length of eyepiece and objective. b) colour of light.
c) focal length of objective and color of light. d) focal length of eyepiece and color of light.
13. Assertion (A): The photoelectrons produced by a monochromatic light beam incident on a metal surface have a [1]
spread in their kinetic energies.
Reason (R): The energy of electrons emitted from inside the metal surface, is lost in collision with the other
atoms in the metal.

14. Assertion (A): Positive charge always moves from a higher potential point to a lower potential point. [1]
Reason (R): Electric potential is a vector quantity.

15. Assertion (A): Interference pattern is made by using yellow light instead of red light, the fringes becomes [1]
narrower.
Reason (R): In Young’s double slit experiment, fringe width is given by β = .
λD

16. Assertion (A): An alternating current of frequency 50 Hz becomes zero, 100 times in one second. [1]
Reason (R): Alternating current changes direction and becomes zero twice in a cycle.

Section B
17. Gamma rays and radio waves travel with the same velocity in free space. Distinguish between them in terms of [2]
their origin and the main application.
18. A straight solenoid of length 50 cm has 1000 turns and a mean cross-sectional area of 2 × 10-4 m2. It is placed [2]
with its axis at 30°, with a uniform magnetic field of 0.32 T. Find the torque acting on the solenoid when a
current of 2A is passed through it.
19. Draw the energy band diagram of (i) n-type, and (ii) p-type semiconductors at temperature T > 0 K. [2]
In the case of n-type Si-semiconductor, the donor energy level is slightly below the bottom of conduction band
whereas in p-type semiconductor, the acceptor energy level is slightly above the top of valence band. Explain,
giving examples, what role do these energy levels play in conduction and valence bands.
20. In the first excited state of the hydrogen atom, its radius is found to be 21.2 × 10-11 m. Calculate its Bohr radius [2]
in the ground state. Also, calculate the total energy of the atom in the second excited state.
21. As shown in figure, a charge q moving along the X-axis with a velocity v ⃗ is subjected to a uniform magnetic [2]
field B
⃗
acting along the Z-axis as it crosses the origin O.
i. Trace its trajectory.

ii. Does the charge gain kinetic energy, as it enters the magnetic field? Justify your answer.
OR
Depict the field-line pattern due to a current-carrying solenoid of finite length.
i. In what way do these lines differ from those due to an electric dipole?
ii. Why can't two magnetic field lines intersect each other?
Section C
22. The reading of the (ideal) ammeter, in the circuit shown here, is equal too. [3]
i. I when key K1 is closed but key K2 is open.
ii. when both keys K1 and K2 are closed.

I
Find the expression of the resistance of X in terms of the resistances of R and S.

23. Draw the circuit diagram showing how a p-n junction diode is [3]
i. forward biased
ii. reverse biased
How is the width of depletion layer affected in the two cases?
24. Red light, however bright it is, cannot produce the emission of electrons from a clean zinc surface. But even [3]
weak ultraviolet radiation can do so. Why?
Electrons are emitted from the cathode of negligible work function, when photons of wavelength λ are incident
on it. Derive the expression for the de Broglie wavelength of the electrons emitted in terms of the wavelength of
the incident light.
25. i. Draw a plot showing the variation of potential energy of a pair of nucleons as a function of their separation. [3]
Mark the regions where the nuclear force is
a. attractive and
b. repulsive.
ii. In the nuclear reaction 0n
1 235
+
92
U →
a
54
Xe +
94
b
1
Sr + 20 n determine the values of a and b.
o
26. Hydrogen atom in its ground state is excited by means of monochromatic radiation of wavelength 975A. [3]
i. How many different lines are possible in the resulting spectrum?

ii. Calculate the longest wavelength amongst them. You may assume the ionization energy for hydrogen atom
as 13.6 eV.
27. How is the spacing between fringes in a double slit experiment affected if: [3]
a. the slits separation is increased,
b. the colour of light used is changed from red to blue,
c. the whole apparatus is submerged in a oil of refractive index 1.2?
Justify your anwer in each case.
28. A rectangular coil P is moved from a point A to another point B with uniform velocity 'v' through a region of a [3]
uniform magnetic field acting normally inwards as shown in the figure. Show graphically (i) the variation of
magnetic flux associated with the coil with time, (ii) the variation of induced emf across points X and Y of the
coil with time.
Explain the nature of variation in magnetic flux as represented by the graph in the first case.
OR
The figure shows two identical rectangular loops (1) and (2) placed on a table along with a straight long current
carrying conductor between them.
i. What will be the directions of the induced current in the loops when they are pulled away from the conductor with
same velocity v?
ii. Will the emf induced in the two loops be equal?
Section D
Radio waves are produced by the accelerated motion of charges in conducting wires. Microwaves are produced
by special vacuum tubes. Infrared waves are produced by hot bodies and molecules also known as heat waves.
UV rays are produced by special lamps and very hot bodies like Sun.
(a) Solar radiation is

i. transverse electromagnetic wave
ii. longitudinal electromagnetic waves
iii. both longitudinal and transverse electromagnetic waves
iv. none of these.

(b) What is the cause of greenhouse effect?
a) Ultraviolet rays b) X-rays
c) Infrared rays d) Radiowaves

(c) Biological importance of ozone layer is
a) it stops ultraviolet rays b) none of these.
c) it reflects radiowaves d) It layer reduces greenhouse effect

OR
Ozone is found in
a) troposphere b) mesosphere
c) ionosphere d) stratosphere
(d) Earth's atmosphere is richest in
a) ultraviolet b) infrared
c) X-rays d) microwaves
Electric field lines as a path, straight or curved in an electric field such that tangent to it at any point gives the
direction of electric field intensity at the point. Electric field lines are continuous curves they start from a
positive charged body and end at the negatively charged body. (Refer image)
(a) Electric field due to a single charge is:
a) cylindrically symmetric b) symmetric
c) asymmetric d) spherically symmetric

(b) The SI unit of electric field intensity is:
a) N/C b) N
c) C/m2 d) N/m2
(c) Pick the wrong statement.
a) Electric field lines are continuous b) Electric field lines can intersect each
curves. other.
c) Electric field lines are always normal to d) The electrostatic field does not form a
the surface of a conductor. closed loop.
(d) A metallic sphere is placed in a uniform electric field as shown in the figure. Which path is followed by
electric field lines?
a) path 'd' b) path 'c'
c) path 'a' d) path 'b'

OR
Pick the true statements about electric field lines.
a) Electric field lines provide information b) Electric field lines provide

about the field strength. information about the type of charge.
c) All of these. d) Electric field lines provide

information about the direction of the
electric field.
Section E
31. i. Derive lens maker’s formula for a biconvex lens. [5]
ii. A point object is placed at a distance of 12 cm on the principal axis of a convex lens of focal length 10 cm. A
convex mirror is placed coaxially on the other side of the lens at a distance of 10 cm. If the final image
coincides with the object, sketch the ray diagram, and find the focal length of the convex mirror.
OR
i. There are two sets of apparatus of Young's double-slit experiment. Inset A, the phase difference between the two
waves emanating from the slits does not change with time, whereas in set B, the phase difference between the two
waves from the slits changes rapidly with time. What difference will be observed in the pattern obtained on the
screen in the two setups?
ii. Deduce the expression for the resultant intensity in both the above-mentioned setups (A and B), assuming that the
waves emanating from the two slits have the same amplitude a and same wavelength λ .
32. Find the expression for the energy stored in the capacitor. Also find the energy lost when the charged capacitor is [5]
disconnected from the source and connected in parallel with the uncharged capacitor. Where does this loss of
energy appear?
OR
Four charges + q, + q, - q and - q are placed respectively at the corners A, B, C and D of a square of side a arranged
in the given order. Calculate the electric potential at the centre O .lf A a E and F are the midpoints of sides BC and
CD respectively, what will be the work done in carrying a charge e from O to E and from O to F?
33. A series L-C-R circuit is connected to an AC source. Using the phasor diagram, derive the expression for the [5]
impedance of the circuit. Plot a graph to show the variation of current with frequency of the source, explaining
the nature of its variation.
OR
a. Derive an expression for the impedance of a series L-C-R circuit connected to an AC supply of variable
frequency.
b. Explain briefly how the phenomenon of resonance in the circuit can be used in the tuning mechanism of a radio or
a TV set?
Subject - Physics
five marks each.

Section A
1. The formation of depletion region in a p-n junction diode is due to [1]
a) movement of dopant atoms b) drift of electrons only
c) diffusion of both electrons and holes d) drift of holes only

2. Inversion temperature of a thermocouple is the temperature of the hot junction at which the emf is: [1]
a) minimum b) Low
c) maximum d) zero
3. The graph drawn with object distance along abscissa & image as ordinate for a convex lens is [1]
a) straight b) circle
c) rectangular hyperbola d) parabola

4. The μ is also known as :
0
[1]
a) magnetic dipole b) Absolute Permittivity
c) Magnetic dipole moment d) Magnetic flux

5. Submarine cables act as [1]
a) spherical capacitor b) cylindrical capacitor with inner cylinder

earthed
c) parallel plate capacitor d) cylindrical capacitor with outer cylinder
earthed
6. The magnetic moment of a current (l) carrying circular coil of radius (r) and number of turns (n) varies as [1]
a) 1
2
b) r
r
c) 1
r
d) r2
7. A conducting circular loop is placed in a uniform magnetic field, B = 0.025 T with its plane perpendicular to the [1]
loop. The radius of the loop is made to shrink at a constant rate of 1 mm s-1. The induced emf when the radius is
2 cm, is
a) 2μV b) πμV
c) 2πμV d) π
2
μV
8. A paramagnetic sample shows a net magnetisation of 8 Am-1 when placed in an external magnetic field of 0.6T [1]
at a temperature of 4K. When the same sample is placed in an external magnetic field of 0.2 T at a temperature
of 16K, the magnetisation will be
a) 6 Am-1 b) 2
3
Am
−1
c) 2.4 Am-1 d) 32
3
Am
−1
9. Consider a ray of light incident from air onto a slab of glass (refractive index n) of width d, at an angle θ . The [1]
phase difference between the ray reflected by the top surface of the glass and the bottom surface is
a) 4πd
(1 −
1 2
sin θ)
1/2
b) 4πd
(1 −
1 2
sin θ)
1/2
+ 2π
2 2
λ n λ n
c) d)
1/2 1/2
4πd 1 2 π 4πd 1 2
(1 − sin θ) + (1 − sin θ) + π
λ 2
n 2 λ 2
n
10. Select the correct statements. Coulomb’s law correctly describes the electric force that: [1]
i. binds the electrons of an atom to its nucleus.
ii. binds the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
iii. binds atoms together to form molecules.
a) (i), (ii), and (iii) b) (i) and (iii)
c) (ii) and (iii) d) (i) and (ii)

11. Assume that each diode shown in the figure has a forward bias resistance of 50Ω and an infinite reverse bias [1]
resistance. The current through the 150Ω resistance is
a) 0.04 A b) zero
c) 0.05 A d) 0.66 A
12. The radius of curvature of the curved surface of a plano-convex lens is 20 cm. If the refractive index of the [1]
material of the lens be 1.5, it will
a) act as a concave lens irrespective of side on b) act as a convex lens only for the objects that
which the object lies lie on its curved side
c) act as a concave lens for the objects that lie d) act as a convex lens irrespective of the side
on its curved side on which the object lies
13. Assertion (A): de-Broglie wavelength is significant for microscopic particles. [1]
Reason (R): de-Broglie wavelength is inversely proportional to the mass of a particle when velocity is kept
constant.

14. Assertion (A): An applied electric field polarises a polar dielectric. [1]
Reason (R): The molecules of a polar dielectric possess a permanent dipole moment, but in the absence of
electric field, these dipoles are randomly oriented and when electric field is applied these dipoles align along the
direction of electric field.

15. Assertion (A): Light from two coherent sources is reaching the screen. If the path difference at a point on the [1]
screen for yellow light is , then the fringe at that point will be coloured.
3λ
Reason (R): Two coherent source always have constant phase relationship.

16. Assertion (A): At resonance, the inductive reactance is equal and opposite to the capacitive reactance. [1]
Reason (R): In series LCR-circuit, the inductive reactance is equal and opposite to the capacitive reactance.

Section B
17. Given: Wavelength of light in mercury is 5.5 × 10 −5
cm . [2]
i. Calculate its frequency and period.
ii. What is the wavelength of the light in the glass, if the refractive index of glass is 1.5?
18. A ball of superconducting material is dipped in liquid nitrogen and placed near a bar magnet. [2]
i. In which direction will it move?
ii. What will be the direction of its magnetic moment?
19. Why do semiconductors obey Ohm's law for only low fields? [2]
20. i. Define the terms: impact parameter and distance of closest approach for an α-particle in the Geiger- [2]
Marsden scattering experiment.
ii. What will be the value of the impact parameter for scattering angle (I) θ = 0o and (II) θ = 180o?
21. A student records the following data for the magnitudes (B) of the magnetic field at axial points at different [2]
distances x from the centre of a circular coil of radius a carrying a current I. Verify (for any two) that these
observations are in good agreement with the expected theoretical variation of B with x.
x→ x=0 x-a x=2a x = 3a

– – −−
y→ B0 0.25√2B0 0.039√5B0 0.010√10 B0
OR
In the given figure, the curved portion is a semi-circle and the straight wires are long. Find the magnetic field at point
O.
Section C
22. Define the current sensitivity of a galvanometer. Write its SI unit. [3]
Figure shows two circuits each having a galvanometer and a battery of 3 V.
When the galvanometer in each arrangement do not show any deflection, obtain the ratio R1/R2.
23. A battery of V may be connected across points A and B, as shown in the figure. Find the current drawn from the [3]
battery if the positive terminal is connected to
i. the point A and
ii. the point B
Assume that the resistance of each diode is zero in forward bias and infinity in reverse bias.
24. Consider a thin target (10-2m square, 10-3m thickness) of sodium, which produces a photocurrent of 100μ A [3]
when a light of intensity 100W/m2 (λ = 660nm) falls on it. Find the probability that a photoelectron is produced
when a photon strikes a sodium atom. [Take density of Na = 0.97 kg/m3].
25. The neutron separation energy is defined as the energy required to remove a neutron from the nucleus. Obtain [3]
the neutron separation energies of the nuclei 41
20
Ca and 27
13
Al from the following data:
m(40
20
Ca ) = 39.962591 u
m(41
20
Ca ) = 40.962278 u
m(26
13
Al ) = 25.986895 u
m(27
13
Al ) = 26.981541 u
26. Using Bohr's postulates, obtain the expression for the total energy of the electron in the stationary states of the [3]
hydrogen atom. Hence draw the energy level diagram showing how the line spectra corresponding to Balmer
series occur due to transition between energy levels.
27. A parallel beam of light of wavelength 600 nm is incident normally on a slit of width 0.2 mm. If the resulting [3]
diffraction pattern is observed on a screen 1 m away, find the distance of
a. first minimum, and
b. second maximum, from the central maximum.
28. A (current vs time) graph of the current passing through a solenoid is shown in Figure. For which time is the [3]
back electromotive force (u) a maximum. If the back emf at t = 3s is e, find the back emf at t = 7 s, 15s, and 40s.
OA, AB, and BC are straight line segments.
OR
How is the mutual inductance of a pair of coils affected when:
i. separation between the coils is increased?
ii. the number of turns of each coil is increased?
iii. A thin iron sheet is placed between the two coils, other factors remaining the same?
Section D
Radio waves are produced by the accelerated motion of charges in conducting wires. Microwaves are produced
by special vacuum tubes. Infrared waves are produced by hot bodies and molecules also known as heat waves.
UV rays are produced by special lamps and very hot bodies like Sun.
(a) Solar radiation is

i. transverse electromagnetic wave
ii. longitudinal electromagnetic waves
iii. both longitudinal and transverse electromagnetic waves
iv. none of these.

(b) What is the cause of greenhouse effect?
a) Ultraviolet rays b) X-rays
c) Infrared rays d) Radiowaves

(c) Biological importance of ozone layer is
a) it stops ultraviolet rays b) none of these.
c) it reflects radiowaves d) It layer reduces greenhouse effect

OR
Earth's atmosphere is richest in
a) ultraviolet b) infrared
c) X-rays d) microwaves
(d) Ozone is found in
a) troposphere b) mesosphere
c) ionosphere d) stratosphere
A charge is a property associated with the matter due to which it experiences and produces an electric and
magnetic field. Charges are scalar in nature and they add up like real numbers. Also, the total charge of an
isolated system is always conserved. When the objects rub against each other charges acquired by them must be
equal and opposite.
(a) The cause of charging is:
a) the actual transfer of atoms b) the actual transfer of protons
c) the actual transfer of electrons d) the actual transfer of neutrons

(b) Pick the correct statement.
i. The glass rod gives protons to silk when they are rubbed against each other.
ii. The glass rod gives electrons to silk when they are rubbed against each other.
iii. The glass rod gains protons from silk when they are rubbed against each other.
iv. The glass rod gains electrons when they are rubbed against each other.

(c) If two electrons are each 1.5 × 10-10m from a proton, as shown in Figure, magnitude of the net electric
force they will exert on the proton is
a) 1.97 × 10-8 N b) 3.83 × 10-8 N
c) 4.63 × 10-8 N d) 2.73 × 10-8 N
(d) A charge is a property associated with the matter due to which it produces and experiences:
a) electric effects only b) magnetic effects only
c) both electric and magnetic effects d) non magnetic effects only

OR
The cause of quantization of electric charges is:
a) transfer of an integral number of b) transfer of an integral number of

electrons neutrons
c) transfer of an integral number of d) transfer of an integral number of Atom

protons
Section E
31. a. Using the ray diagram for a system of two lenses of focal lengths f1 and f2 in contact with each other, show [5]
that the two lens system can be regarded as equivalent to a single lens of focal length f, where
1
f
=
1
f1
+
1
f2
.
Also write the relation for the equivalent power of the lens combination.
b. Determine the position of the image formed by the lens combination given in the figure.
OR
What is interference of light? Write two essential conditions for sustained interference pattern to be produced on the
screen. Draw a graph showing the variation of intensity versus the position on the screen in Young's experiment when
(a) both the slits are opened and (b) one of the slit is closed. What is the effect on the interference pattern in Young's
double-slit experiment when:
i. Screen is moved closer to the plane of slits?
ii. Separation between two slits is increased. Explain.
32. a. Two-point charges q1 and q2 are kept r distance apart in a uniform external electric field E⃗. Find the amount [5]
of work done in assembling this system of charges.

b. A cube of side 20 cm is kept in a region as shown in the figure. An electric field E⃗ exists in the region such
that the potential at a point is given by V = 10x + 5, where V is in volt and x is in m.
Find the
i. electric field E⃗, and
ii. total electric flux through the cube.
OR
a. Derive the expression for the electric potential due to an electric dipole at a point on its axial line.
b. Depict the equipotential surfaces due to an electric dipole.
33. An ac voltage V = Vmsin ωt is applied to a series LCR circuit. Obtain an expression for the current in the circuit [5]
and the phase angle between the current and voltage. What is resonance frequency?
OR
A resistor of 400 Ω , an inductor of H and a capacitor of are connected in series across a source of alternating
5 50
μF
π π
voltage of 140 sin 100πt V . Find the voltage (rms) across the resistor, the inductor and the capacitor. Is the algebraic
sum of these voltages more than the source voltage? If yes, resolve the paradox.
–
(Given, √2 = 1.414).
Subject - Physics
five marks each.

Section A
1. The resistivity of a semiconductor at room temperature is in between: [1]
a) 10-3 to 106 Ω cm b) 1010 to 1012 Ω cm
c) 10-2 to 10-5 Ω cm d) 106 to 108 Ω cm
2. If the percentage change in current through a resistor is 1%, then the change in power through it would be: [1]
a) 0.5% b) 1%
c) 2% d) 1.7%
3. A convex lens is dipped in a liquid whose refractive index is equal to the refractive index of the lens. Then its [1]
focal length will:
a) Become infinite b) Become zero
c) Reduce d) Remain same as in air

4. A frog can be levitated in a magnetic field produced by a current in a vertical solenoid placed below the frog. [1]
This is possible, because the body of the frog behaves as
a) paramagnetic b) ferromagnetic
c) anti-ferromagnetic d) diamagnetic
5. Three condensers of capacity 2 μF , 4 μF and 8 μF respectively, are first connected in series and then [1]
connected in parallel. The ratio of the equivalent capacitance in the two cases will be
a) 7 : 3 b) 3 : 7
c) 4 : 49 d) 49 : 4
6. The resistance of a galvanometer is 50Ω and the current required to give full scale deflection is 100μA. In order [1]
to convert it into an ammeter for reading up to 10 A, it is necessary to put a resistance of
a) 5 × 10 −2
Ω b) 5 × 10
−5
Ω
c) 5 × 10 −4
Ω d) 5 × 10
−3
Ω
7. If the rotational velocity of dynamo armature is doubled, then induced emf will become: [1]
a) two times b) half
c) unchanged d) four times

8. The susceptibility of a magnetic substance is found to depend on temperature and the strength of the magnetising [1]
field. The material is a:
a) diamagnet b) superconductor
c) ferromagnet d) paramagnet
9. In Young's double-slit experiment, the intensity of light at a point on the screen where the path difference is λ is [1]
k (λ being the wavelength of light used). The intensity at a point where the path difference is , will be
λ
a) k b)
k
c) d) zero
k
10. A semi-circular arc of radius 'a' is charged uniformly and the charge per unit lengths is λ . The electric field at the [1]
centre is:
a) λ
2
b) λ
4πε0 a
2πε0 a
c) λ
2πε0 a
d) λ
2πε0 a
11. In the given figure, a diode D is connected to an external resistance R = 100Ω and an emf of 3.5 V. If the barrier [1]
potential developed across the diode is 0.5 V, the current in the circuit will be
a) 40 mA b) 30 mA
c) 35 mA d) 20 mA
12. How will the image formed by a convex lens be affected if the central portion of the lens is wrapped in a black [1]
paper?
a) No image is formed by the remaining b) Full image will be formed but will be less
portion of the lens bright
c) Two images will be formed d) Central portion of the image will be absent
13. Assertion (A): In photoemissive cell inert gas is used. [1]
Reason (R): inert gas in the photoemissive cell gives greater current.

14. Assertion: Positive charge always moves from a higher potential point to a lower potential point. [1]
Reason: Electric potential is a vector quantity.
a) Assertion and reason both are correct b) Assertion and reason both are correct
statements and reason is correct explanation statements but reason is not correct
for assertion. explanation for assertion.
c) Assertion is correct statement but reason is d) Assertion is wrong statement but reason is
wrong statement. correct statement.
15. Assertion (A): In Young’s double-slit experiment if wavelength of incident monochromatic light is just doubled, [1]
number of bright fringe on the screen will increase.
Reason (R): Maximum number of bright fringe on the screen is inversely proportional to the wavelength of light
used.

16. Assertion (A): The dc and ac both can be measured by a hot wire instrument. [1]
Reason (R): The hot wire instrument is based on the principle of magnetic effect of current.

Section B
17. Which of the following electromagnetic waves has (a) minimum wavelength, and (b) minimum frequency? [2]
Write one use of each of these two waves.
Infrared waves, Microwaves, γ -rays and X-rays
18. a. Show that the time period (T) of oscillations of a freely suspended magnetic dipole of magnetic moment (m) [2]
−−−
in a uniform magnetic field (B) is given by T , where I is a moment of inertia of the magnetic
I
= 2π√
mB
dipole.
b. Identify the following magnetic materials:
i. A material having susceptibility (χ ) = -0.00015.
m
ii. A material having susceptibility (χ ) = 10-5.

m
19. Explain the variation of resistivity with temperature in pure-semiconductors. [2]

20. Briefly explain Geiger-Marsden experiment. Show the variation of the number of particles scattered (N) with [2]
scattering angle (θ ) in this experiment. What is the main conclusion that can be inferred from this plot?
21. A current I is flowing in an infinitely long conductor bent into the shape shown in Fig. If the radius of the curved [2]
part is R, find the magnetic field at the centre O.
OR
A deuteron and an alpha particle having same momentum are in turn allowed to pass through a magnetic field B⃗ ,
acting normal to the direction of motion of the particles. Calculate the ratio of the radii of the circular paths described
by them.
Section C
22. Find the equivalent resistance between the terminals A and B in the network shown in Figure. Given each [3]
resistor R is 10 Ω .
23. With the help of a circuit diagram, explain how two p-n junction diodes along with a centre tapped transformer [3]
can be used as a full wave rectifier.
24. An alpha particle is accelerated through a potential difference of 100 V. Calculate: [3]
i. The speed acquired by the alpha particle, and
ii. The de-Broglie wavelength associated with it.
(Take mass of alpha particle = 6.4 × 10-27 kg)
25. Draw a plot showing the variation of binding energy per nucleon with mass number A. Write two important [3]
conclusions which you can draw from this plot. Explain with the help of this plot, the release in energy in the
processes of nuclear fusion and fission.
26. It is found experimentally that 13.6 eV energy is required to separate a hydrogen atom into a proton and an [3]
electron. Compute the orbital radius and the velocity of the electron in a hydrogen atom.
27. Consider a two-slit interference arrangements (Figure) such that the distance of the screen from the slits is half [3]
the distance between the slits. Obtain the value of D in terms of λ such that the first minima on the screen fall at
a distance D from the center O.
28. a. A toroidal solenoid with an air core has an average radius of 0.15 m, area of cross section 12 × 10 −4
m
2
and [3]
1200 turns. Obtain the self inductance of the toroid. Ignore field variation across the cross section of the
toroid.
b. A second coil of 300 turns is wound closely on the toroid above. If the current in the primary coil is
increased from zero to 2.0 A in 0.05 s, obtain the induced emf in the secondary coil.
OR
A rectangular loop of wire ABCD is kept close to an infinitely long wire carrying a current I(t) = l o (1 - ) for
t
T
0 ≤ t ≤ T and I(0) = 0 for t > T (Figure). Find the total charge passing through a given point in the loop, in time T.
The resistance of the loop is R.
Section D
In an electromagnetic wave both the electric and magnetic fields are perpendicular to the direction of
propagation, that is why electromagnetic waves are transverse in nature. Electromagnetic waves carry energy as
they travel through space and this energy is shared equally by the electric and magnetic fields. Energy density of
an electromagnetic waves is the energy in unit volume of the space through which the wave travels.
(a) The electromagnetic waves propagated perpendicular to both E⃗ and B⃗ . The electromagnetic waves travel
in the direction of
a) E⃗ ⋅ B⃗ b) ⃗
B ⋅E
⃗
c) E⃗ × B⃗ d) ⃗
B × E
⃗
(b) Fundamental particle in an electromagnetic wave is
a) photon b) phonon
c) electron d) proton
(c) Electromagnetic waves are transverse in nature is evident by
a) diffraction b) interference
c) polarisation d) reflection
OR
The electric and magnetic fields of an electromagnetic waves are
a) in opposite phase and parallel to each b) in phase and parallel to each other.
other
c) in phase and perpendicular to each d) in opposite phase and perpendicular to

other each other
(d) For a wave propagating in a medium, Name the property that is independent of the others.
a) frequency b) wavelength
c) velocity d) all these depend on each other

Electric dipole consist of a pair of equal and opposite point charges separated by a small distance and its strength
is measured by the dipole moment. The field around the dipole in which the electric effect of the dipole can be
experienced is called the dipole field.
(a) The electric dipole moment is:
a) a scalar quantity b) neither scalar nor vector quantity
c) a vector quantity d) A Plane quantity

(b) Electric field due to the electric dipole is
a) cylindrically symmetric b) spherically symmetric
c) symmetric d) asymmetric
(c) The SI unit of dipole moment is:
a) C/m b) C-m
c) c/m2 d) C-m2
(d) Charges ± 20 nC are separated by 5mm. calculate the magnitude of dipole moment:-
a) 10-7 C-m b) 1010 C-m
c) 10-10 C-m d) 10-8 C-m
OR
When an electric dipole is placed in a uniform electric field, it experiences
a) Neither any force nor any torque b) Force but no torque
c) Force as well as torque d) Torque but no net force

Section E
31. Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of real image of the same size as that of the object placed in front of a [5]
converging lens. Using this ray diagram establish the relation between u, v and f for this lens.
OR
You have learned in the text how Huygens’ principle leads to the laws of reflection and refraction. Use the same
principle to deduce directly that a point object placed in front of a plane mirror produces a virtual image whose
distance from the mirror is equal to the object distance from the mirror.
32. A capacitor of capacitance C1 is charged to a potential V1 while another capacitor of capacitance C2 is charged [5]
to a potential difference V2. The capacitors are now disconnected from their respective charging batteries and
connected in parallel to each other.

i. Find the total energy stored in the two capacitors before they are connected.
ii. Find the total energy stored in the parallel combination of two capacitors.
iii. Explain the reason for the difference of energy in parallel combination in comparison to the total energy
before they are connected
OR
Define the terms (i) capacitance of a capacitor (ii) dielectric strength of a dielectric. When a dielectric is inserted
between the plates of a charged parallel plate capacitor, fully occupying the intervening region, how does the
polarization of the dielectric medium affect the net electric field? For linear dielectrics, show that the introduction of
a dielectric increases its capacitance by a factor κ , characteristic of the dielectric.
33. a. Derive the expression for the current flowing in an ideal capacitor and its reactance when connected to an ac [5]
source of voltage V= Vo sin ωt.
b. Draw its phasor diagram.

c. If resistance is added in series to capacitor what changes will occur in the current flowing in the circuit and
phase angle between voltage and current.
OR
i. An ac source generating a voltage V = V0 sin ωt is connected to a capacitor of capacitance C. Find the expression
of the current I flowing through it. Plot a graph of V and I versus ωt to show that the current is ahead of the
π
voltage.
ii. A resistor of 200 Ω and a capacitor of 15 μ F are connected in series to a 220 V, 50 Hz ac source. Calculate the
current in the circuit and the rms voltage across the resistor and the capacitor. Why the algebraic sum of these
voltages is more than the source voltage?

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Class XII Session 2024-25

Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 70

1. There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.

3. All the sections are compulsory.

five marks each.

attempt only one of the choices in such questions.

6. Use of calculators is not allowed.

2. m2V-1s-1 is the SI unit of which of the following? [1]

a) Potential gradient b) Mobility

c) Drift velocity d) Resistivity

a) blue colour b) yellow colour

c) green colour d) red colour.

a) 920 keV b) 1840

c) 1 keV d) 1840 keV

6. An electron with velocity v ⃗ = ^ ^

a) there is a constant current in the b) there is a constant current in the clockwise

c) there is a varying current in A. d) there is no current in A.

c) p-type semiconductor d) n-type semiconductor

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

c) A is true but R is false d) A is false and R is also false

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

it is electrically neutral. Why?

a) 2 N/m2 b) 6 × 10-4 N/m2

c) 2 × 10-4 N/m2 d) 6 N/m2

a) 0.212 × 10-8 N m-2 b) 0.132 × 10-8 N m-2

c) 0.166 × 10-8 N m-2 d) 0.083 × 10-8 N m-2

a) 10-4 N/m b) 10-6 N/m2

of electric field at a distance of 3 m from this source (in V m-1) is

c) 1 × 10-3 Nm d) 0.2 × 10-3 Nm

(c) Torque on a dipole in uniform electric field is minimum when θ is equal to

c) 180o d) Both 0o and 180o

a) pE sin θ , - pE cos θ b) pE cos θ , -pE sin θ

c) pE sin θ , 2pE cos θ d) pE sin θ , -2pE cos θ

flows but now it is in phase with the applied voltage.

Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 70

1. There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.

3. All the sections are compulsory.

five marks each.

attempt only one of the choices in such questions.

6. Use of calculators is not allowed.

a) full wave rectified b) zero

c) half wave rectified d) same as input

a) moment of inertia b) pole strength

c) magnetic moment d) magnitude of magnetisation

a) only conduction current exists. b) only displacement current exists.

c) both displacement current and conduction d) no current exists.

a) greater or less than at Q, depending upon the b) greater than at Q

c) less than at Q d) same as at Q

c) No charge flow occurs d) Electrons flow from the conductor to the

a) no image at all b) two images

c) infinite images d) only one image

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

a. Identify the extrinsic semiconductors so formed.

a) vg > vX > vm b) vg < vX < vm

(b) Which of the following will deflect in electric field?

a) ultraviolet rays b) γ -rays

c) X-rays d) cathode rays