Physics
Course Code: PHYS-SEC1
Course Title: Physics Instrumentation Skills-I
Credits= 3
Theory 2 hours/week
Practical 2 hours/week
Total Marks= 75 (Theory=50 + Practical=25)
Internal Assessment =20%
Theory=40 marks+10 marks (Internal Assessment)
Practical =20 marks+5 marks (Internal Assessment)
Objective
The purpose of this course is to provide students with hands-on experience and familiarity with a variety
of mechanical and electrical tools.
Note:
1. The theory paper will be of 50 marks including 10 marks for internal assessment and
three-Hour duration.
2. The question paper for the final examination will consist of three units. Unit I-II will
have THREE questions each from the corresponding units of the syllabus. Unit III in
the paper will have one compulsory question consisting of 10 short answer type
questions covering the whole syllabus and the students have to attempt any 9 parts of
the compulsory question. Each question will have a weightage of 9 marks. The
candidates will attempt five questions in all, selecting two questions from Unit I and
II and the compulsory question from Unit III.
3. The practical paper will be of 20 marks including 5 marks for internal assessment.
Students are expected to perform 6 experiments during whole semester.
UNIT I
Units of measurement. Familiarity with the functions of the Verniercalliper, Screw gauge, spherometer.
Measure the thickness of a metal sheet, the diameter of a thin wire, the volume of a cylindrical beaker or
glass, and other objects. To measure the height of mountains, buildings, etc. using sextant.Instruments
accuracy, precision, sensitivity, resolution range etc.Errors in measurements.Knowledge of propagation
of errors.Knowledge of significant figures, Determination of standard deviation and probable error and
their use in interpretation of the experimental result.Familiarity with the method of least square fitting of
experimental data to a curve.
UNIT II
Elastic and inelastic collision in one dimension. Study of rotational motion, Rigid body, Moment of
Inertia, Determination of Moment of Inertia of different bodies. Conservation of linear momentum and
kinetic energy in elastic collisions. Dependence of fraction of kinetic energy transferred on the masses of
colliding bodies. Idea of coefficient of restitution.Idea of equivalent simple pendulum.Concepts of center
of suspension and oscillation.Dependence of time period on moment of Inertia.Radius of
gyration.Determination of g. Idea of torsional vibration, dependence of time period on M.O.I. and
restoring torque.Modulus of rigidity.Study of damped oscillations. Coefficient of damping, quality factor
etc.
Practicals:
1. To measure internal/external diameter of a hollow cylinder using Verniercallipers.
2. To measure thickness of wire using screw gauge.
3. To measure curvature of a lens using spherometer.
4. To measure the height of inaccessible objects using sextant.
5. To study the dependence of moment of inertia on distribution of mass (by noting time
periods of oscillations using objects of various geometrical shapes but of same mass).
6. To determine the Moment of Inertia of a Flywheel.
7. To determine energy transfer, coefficient of restitution and verify laws of conservation of linear
momentum and kinetic energy in elastic collisions using one dimensional collisions of hanging
spheres.
8. To determine the value of g using Kater‘s Pendulum.
9. To study the variation of time-period with distance between centre of suspension and centre of
gravity for a bar pendulum and to determine: (i) Radius of gyration of the bar about an axis through
its C.G. and perpendicular to its length. (ii) The value of g in the laboratory.
10. Measure time period of oscillation of a Maxwell needle and determine modulus of rigidity of the
material of a given wire.
11. To measure/obtain logarithmic decrement, coefficient of damping, relaxation time, and quality factor
of a damped simple pendulum.
Reference books:
1. ―B.Sc. Practical Physics by C.L. Arora, S.Chand& Co. (2014).
2. ―A Laboratory Manual of Physics for Undergraduate Classes‖ by D.P. Khandelwal.
3. Mechanics, Berkeley, Vol. I, C. Kittle.
4. Mechanics, H.S. Hans & S.P. Puri.
5. An Introduction to Mechanics, Daniel Kleppner& Robert J. Kolenkow (TMH).
6. Introduction of Classical Mechanics, R.G. Takwale&P.S.Puranik(TMH,2000).
Course Code: PHYS-SEC2
Course Title: Physics Instrumentation Skills-II
Credits= 3
Theory 2 hours/week
Practical 2 hours/week
Total Marks= 75 (Theory=50 + Practical=25)
Internal Assessment =20%
Theory=40 marks+10 marks (Internal Assessment)
Practical =20 marks+5 marks (Internal Assessment)
Objective
The purpose of this course is to provide students with hands-on experience and familiarity with a variety
of mechanical and electrical tools.
Note:
1. The theory paper will be of 50 marks including 10 marks for internal assessment and three-Hour
duration.
2. The question paper for the final examination will consist of three units. Unit I-II will have THREE
questions each from the corresponding units of the syllabus. Unit III in the paper will have one
compulsory question consisting of 10 short answer type questions covering the whole syllabus and
the students must attempt any 9 parts of the compulsory question. Each question will have a
weightage of 9 marks. The candidates will attempt five questions in all, selecting two questions from
Unit I and II and the compulsory question from Unit III.
3. Practical paper will be of 25 marks including 5 marks for internal assessment. Students are
expected to perform 6 experiments during whole semester.
UNIT I
Measurement of resistance, voltage, current using multimeter.Inadequacy of Wheatstone bridge to
measure low resistances.Acquaintance with a method of measuring low resistances.magnetic field
produced by a solenoid. Dependence of solenoidal field on number of turns and current.Laws of
electromagnetic induction. Force on a conductor carrying current in a magnetic field. Study of phase
relationship between currents and voltages in LCR circuit. Resonance in a series and parallel LCR circuits
for different R-value and calculate Q-value.
Unit II
Block diagram of basic CRO. Construction of CRT, Electron gun, electrostatic focusing, screen phosphor,
visual persistence & chemical composition.Time base operation, synchronization. Front panel controls.
Use of CRO for the measurement of voltage (dc and ac frequency, time period). Digital storage
Oscilloscope: Block diagram and principle of working. Timer circuits.
Practicals
1. To use a multimeter for measuring AC and DC voltage and resistance.
2. To determine low resistance with Carey Fosters Bridge.
3. To study the magnetic field produced by a current carrying solenoid using a search coil and
calculate permeability of air.
4. To study the induced e.m.f. as function of the velocity of the magnet.
5. Force on a conductor carrying current in a magnetic field.
6. Study of phase relationships using impedance triangle for LCR circuit and calculate impedance.
7. Resonance in a series LCR circuits for different R-value and calculate Q-value.
8. Resonance in a parallel LCR circuits for different R-value and calculate Q-value.
9. Use of CRO for the measurement of voltage (dc and ac frequency, time period).
Reference books:
1. ―B.Sc. Practical Physics by C.L. Arora, S.Chand& Co. (2014).
2. ―A Laboratory Manual of Physics for Undergraduate Classes‖ by D.P. Khandelwal.
3. ―Programming with C, Schaum series‖ by Byron Gottfried&JitenderChhabra
4. A text book in Electrical Technology - B L Theraja - S Chand and Co.
5. Digital Circuits and systems, Venugopal, 2011, Tata McGraw Hill.
6. Digital Electronics, SubrataGhoshal, 2012, Cengage Learning.
7. Electronic Devices and circuits, S. Salivahanan& N. S.Kumar, 3rd Ed., 2012, Tata Mc-Graw Hill
