Solutions

MCQ Questions
1. [A]
1 𝑑𝑠 𝑑2𝑠
Given 𝑠 = 𝑔𝑡 2 ⇒ = 𝑔𝑡; Again =𝑔
2 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 2

Hence the acceleration of the stone is uniform.

2. [C]
𝑆 = 4𝜋𝑟 2

∴ 𝛿𝑆 = 8𝜋𝑟𝛿𝑥 = 8𝜋 × 20 × .02 = 10.05 sq.cm.

3. [B]
Let velocity 𝑣 = 5 cm/sec

(Increasing the rate/sec is called the velocity)

𝑑𝑎
=5
𝑑𝑡

Where 𝑎 is distance and 𝑡 is time.

But if 𝑎 is edge of a cube, then 𝑉 = 𝑎3

Differentiating w.r.t. time 𝑡, so

𝑑𝑉 𝑑𝑎
= 3𝑎2 = 3𝑎2 ⋅ 5 = 15𝑎2 = 15 × (12)2
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
= 2160 cm3 /sec (∵ edge 𝑎 = 12 cm).

4. [A]
Given that 𝑑𝑉/𝑑𝑡 = 30𝑓𝑡 3 /min and 𝑟 = 15𝑓𝑡

4 3 𝑑𝑉 𝑑𝑟
𝑉= 𝜋𝑟 ; = 4𝜋𝑟 2
3 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑟 𝑑𝑉/𝑑𝑡 30 1
= = = ft/min
𝑑𝑡 4𝜋𝑟 2 4 × 𝜋 × 15 × 15 30𝜋
5. [𝐵]
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + 6𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 3
 df(x)
= 3x 2 + 12x + 5
dx
At 𝑥 = 3,

Marginal contentment

= 3 × (3)2 + 12 × 3 + 5

= 27 + 36 + 5 = 68 units.

6. [D]
𝑥 2 = 2𝑦
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
⇒ 2𝑥 =2
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
⇒ 2𝑥 =2
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
⇒ 𝑥=1
1
from (1), 𝑦 =
2
1
so point is (1, )
2
7. [D]
𝑑𝑦
= 12 − 3𝑥 2 = 0 ⇒ 𝑥 = ±2
𝑑𝑥
Hence points are (2,16) and (−2, −16).

8. [B]
𝑡 = 2 for the point (2, −1)
𝑑𝑦 4𝑡−2 6
= = for 𝑡 = 2.
𝑑𝑥 2𝑡+3 7

9. [C]
𝑑𝑦 2𝑎𝑥 + 3𝑥 2
2𝑦 3 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑥3 ⇒ =
𝑑𝑥 6𝑦 2
𝑑𝑦 5
at point (𝑎, 𝑎) = ,
𝑑𝑥 6

equation of tangent

5
𝑦−𝑎 = (𝑥 − 𝑎)
6
 x y
⇒ + =1
−a/5 a/6

a2 a2
⇒ + = 61
25 36
⇒ |a| = 30

10. [D]
𝑑𝑦
for 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 , = 2𝑥
𝑑𝑥

⇒ m1 = 2
𝑑𝑦 1
for 𝑥 = 𝑦 2 , =
𝑑𝑥 2𝑦

1
⇒ m2 =
2
1
2−
tan 𝜃 = 2=3
1+1 4
3
𝜃 = tan−1
4
11. [B]
Let point of intersection is (x1 , y1 )

So 4x12 + py12 = 45 and x12 − 4y12 = 5

𝑥12 𝑝+36
So =
𝑦12 5

4x1 x1
m1 = − and m2 =
py1 4y1

4x12
m1 m2 = −1 ⇒ − = −1
4py12
1 P + 36
⇒ ( )=1
P 5
⇒ P + 36 = 5p ⇒ p = 9

12. [D]
𝑑𝑦
= 3𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 − 9 = 0
𝑑𝑥
 {x}=-1,3

13. [A]
𝑦 = sin 2𝑥

dy
= 2cos 2x
dx
𝑑𝑦
At (0,0), =2
𝑑𝑥

Equation of normal

1
y − 0 = − (x − 0) ⇒ x + 2y = 0
2
14. [C]
dy
3x 2 − 8a2 =0
dx
dy 3x 2
⇒ =
dx 8a2
8a2 2
So − 2 = −
3x 3
⇒ x = ±2a, y = ±a
⇒ (2a, a), (−2a, −a)

15. [C]
Given y 2 = 2(x − 3)

differentiate w.r.t. 𝑥,

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 1
2𝑦 ⋅ =2⇒ =
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑦

Slope of the normal = −1/dy/dx = −y

Slope of the given line = 2

∴ y = −2

From equation (i),

x=5

∴ point is (5, −2)

16. [A]
 We have, 𝑦 2 = 5𝑥 − 1
𝑑𝑦 5 −5
At (1, −2); =[ ] =
𝑑𝑥 2𝑦 (1,−2) 4

∴ Equation of normal at the point (1, −2) is,

−5
[𝑦 − (−2)] [ ]+𝑥−1 =0
4
∴ 4𝑥 − 5𝑦 − 14 = 0

As the normal is of the form 𝑎𝑥 − 5𝑦 + 𝑏 = 0, comparing this with (ii), we get 𝑎 = 4 and 𝑏 =
−14.

17. [A]
1
Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑦 = 𝑥 +
𝑥

Differentiating with respect to 𝑥, we get

𝑑𝑦 1 1
= 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 1 − ≤0⇒1≤ or 𝑥 2 ≤ 1
𝑑𝑥 𝑥2 𝑥2

Hence 𝑥 ∈ [−1,1].

18. [C]
f ′ (x) = 5x 4 − 60x 2 + 240
= 5(x 4 − 12x 2 + 48) = 5[(x 2 − 6) 2 + 12]
⇒ f ′ (x) > 0∀x ∈ R
i.e., f(x) is increasing everywhere

19. [D]
1 𝑑𝑦 2𝑥
𝑦= ⇒ = −
1 + 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 (1 + 𝑥 2 )2

To be decreasing,

2𝑥
− < 0 ⇒ 𝑥 > 0 ⇒ 𝑥 ∈ (0, ∞).
(1 + 𝑥 2 )2

20. [D]
If 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑎 + 2)𝑥 3 − 3𝑎𝑥 2 + 9𝑎𝑥 − 1

decreases monotonically for all 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅,

then f ′ (x) ≤ 0 for all x ∈ R

 ⇒ 3(a + 2)x 2 − 6ax + 9a ≤ 0 for all x ∈ R

⇒ (a + 2)x 2 − 2ax + 3a ≤ 0 for all x ∈ R

⇒ a + 2 < 0 and discriminant ≤ 0

⇒ a < −2 and −8a2 − 24a ≤ 0

⇒ a < −2 and a(a + 3) ≥ 0

⇒ a < −2 and a ≤ −3 or a ≥ 0

⇒ a ≤ −3 ⇒ −∞ < a ≤ −3

21. [C]
Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1, 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 1

Obviously 𝑓 ′ (0) = −1 and 𝑓 ′ (1) = 1

Thus function is neither increasing nor decreasing.

22. [A]
Let 𝑓(𝑥) = log sin 𝑥 ⇒ 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = cot 𝑥
𝜋
Hence function is increasing on the interval (0, ).
2

23. [D]
1 1
f ′ (x) = 2 − 2
−
1+x √1 + x 2
1
∵ x2 ≥ 0 ⇒ 1 + x2 ≥ 1 ⇒ ≤1
1 + x2
⇒ f ′ (x) ≥ 0 ⇒ always increasing

24. [A]
Given that,

y = x(x − 3)2

dy
∴ = x ⋅ 2(x − 3) ⋅ 1 + (x − 3)2 . 1
dx

= 2x 2 − 6x + x 2 + 9 − 6x

= 3x 2 − 12x + 9

= 3(x 2 − 3x − x + 3)
 = 3(x − 3)(x − 1)

So, 𝑦 = 𝑥(𝑥 − 3)2 decreases for (1,3)

[Since, y ′ < 0 for all x ∈ (1,3), hence y is decreasing on (1,3)].

25. [C]
𝜋
In the given interval (0, )
2

𝑓(𝑥) = cos 𝑥

On differentiating with respect to 𝑥, we get 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = −sin 𝑥

𝜋
which gives f ′ (x) < 0 in (0, ).
2

𝜋
Hence, 𝑓(𝑥) = cos 𝑥 is decreasing on (0, ).
2

26. [D]
Given 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 2)2

𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 2 + 4 − 4𝑥 ); 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 3 − 5𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 − 4)

Now 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 + 8, 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 0

4
⇒ 3𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 + 8 = 0 ⇒ (3𝑥 − 4)(𝑥 − 2) = 0 ⇒ 𝑥 = ,2
3

Now 𝑓 ′′ (𝑥) = 6𝑥 − 10

𝑓 ′′ (4/3) = 6 × 4/3 − 10 < 0

𝑓 ′′ (2) = 12 − 10 > 0
4
Hence at 𝑥 = the function will occupy maximum value.
3

∴ Maximum value = 𝑓(4/3) = 4/27.

27. [B]
Here 𝑓(𝑥) = |sin 4𝑥 + 3|

We know that minimum value of sin 𝑥 is -1 and maximum is 1 .

Hence minimum |sin 4𝑥 + 3| = | − 1 + 3| = 2 and maximum |sin 4𝑥 + 3| = |1 + 3| = 4.

28. [B]
 Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 − 12𝑥 2 + 36𝑥 + 17

∴ 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 − 24𝑥 + 36 = 0 at 𝑥 = 2,6

Again 𝑓 ′′ (𝑥) = 6𝑥 − 24 is −𝑣𝑒 at 𝑥 = 2

So that 𝑓(6) = 17, 𝑓(2) = 49

At the end points = 𝑓(1) = 42, 𝑓(10) = 177

So that 𝑓(𝑥) has its maximum value as 177.

29. [B]
AM ≥ GM

4
4𝑥 +
4𝑥 ≥ √4𝑥 ⋅ 4
2 4𝑥

∴ 4𝑥 + 41−𝑥 ≥ 4.

30. [B]
𝑓(5) = 0, 𝑓(5 − 0) > 0 and 𝑓(5 + 0) > 0.

Thus 𝑥 = 5 is the point of local minima for 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥)

31. [A]
𝑏
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑎 + > 0; 𝑥 ∈ [0,1]
2 √𝑥

⇒ f(x) is strictly increasing

Hence 𝑓(𝑥) will be minimum at 0 and maximum at 𝑥 = 1

So 𝑓(𝑥)max = 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐

and f(x)min = c

32. [C]
𝐹(1) = 6, 𝑓(1 − 0) = 6 and 𝑓(1 + 0) < 6.

Thus x = 1 is neither a point of local maxima nor minima.

33. [C]
We have,
 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 3 − 3𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 4
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 6𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 − 12

Now, 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 0

⇒ 6(x 2 − x − 2) = 0

⇒ 6(x + 1)(x − 2) = 0

⇒ x = −1 and x = +2

One number line for f ′ (x), we get

Hence, 𝑥 = −1 is point of local maxima and 𝑥 = 2 is point of local minima.

So, 𝑓(𝑥) has one maxima and one minima.

34. [B]
Given that,
𝑦=
𝑑𝑦 = −3𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 9
∴
𝑑𝑥
= Slope of the curve
𝑑2𝑦
and = −𝑥 + 6 = −6(𝑥 − 1)
𝑑𝑥 2
𝑑2𝑦
∴ =0
𝑑𝑥 2
⇒ −6(x − 1) =0
⇒ x =1>0
𝑑3𝑦
Now, = −6 < 0
𝑑𝑥 3

So, the maximum slope of given curve is at x = 1.

dy
∴( ) = −3 × 12 + 6 × 1 + 9
dx (x=1)
= 12
35. [C]
 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 5 − 5𝑥 4 + 5𝑥 3 − 10
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 5𝑥 4 − 20𝑥 3 + 15𝑥 2
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 0 5𝑥 2 [𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 3]
𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 3 = 0
(𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 − 1) = 0 ⇒ 𝑥 = 3,1
𝑓 ′′ (𝑥) = 20𝑥 3 − 60𝑥 2 + 30𝑥
= 10𝑥 (2𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 3)
𝑓 ′′ (1) = −𝑣𝑒
𝑓 ′′ (3) = +𝑣𝑒

So, 1 is point of maxima and 3 is point of minima.

(𝑝, 𝑞) = (1,3)

CASE BASED MCQ'S

Passage -1 [36 to 40]

36. [B]

37. [D]
−1
Slope of the normal based on the position of the stick =
f′ (x)

f ′ (x) = 6[8x 3 − 2x]

𝑓 ′ (2) = 6[8 × 8 − 2 × 2]
= 6[64 − 4]
= 360
−1
∴ Slope =
360
38. [B]
We have
dy
] = 360
dx (2,3)
dy
∴ (𝑦 − y ′ ) = (x − x ′ )
dx
(y − 3) = 360(x − 2)
(y − 3) = 360x − 720
y = 360x − 717

39. [C]
 𝑓(𝑥) = 6(2𝑥 4 − 𝑥 2 )
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 6[8𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 ]
𝑓 ′′ (𝑥) = 6[24𝑥 2 − 2]

𝑓 ′′ (5) = 6[24 × 25 − 2]
= 6[600 − 2]
= 3588
40. [B]
Explanation: For increasing

𝑓 ′ (𝑥) > 0
6(8x 3 − 2x) > 0
i.e., 𝑥 (4𝑥 2 − 1) > 0
⇒ 4x 2 − 1 > 0
and x > 0
4𝑥 2 > 1
1
⇒ x2 >
4
1
⇒ x>
2
1
and 𝑥 > −
2
−1 1
i.e., 𝑥 ∈ ( , 0) ∪ ( , ∞)
2 2

Passage -2 [41 to 45]

41. [B]
To create a garden using 200ft fencing, we need to maximise its area.

42. [C]
Required relation is given by 2x + y = 200.

43. [C]
Area of garden as a function of x can be represented as

A(x) = x ⋅ y = x(200 − 2x) = 2x 2

44. [A]
A(x) = 200x − 2x 2 ⇒ A′ (x) = 200 − 4x
 For the area to be maximum A′ (x) = 0

⇒ 200 − 4x = 0 ⇒ x = 50ft.

45. [C]
Maximum area of the garden

= 200(50) − 2(50)2 = 10000 − 5000 = 5000sq. ft

Passage -3 [46 to 50]

46. [A]
Let x be the number of extra days after 1 st July.

∴ Price = ₹(300 − 3 × x) = ₹(300 − 3x)

Quantity = 80 quintals +𝑥(1 quintal per day ) = (80 + x) quintals

47. [B]
𝑅(𝑥) = Quantity × Price
= (80 + 𝑥)(300 − 3𝑥) = 24000 − 240𝑥 + 300 − 3𝑥 2
= 24000 + 60𝑥 − 3𝑥 2
48. [A]
We have, 𝑅(𝑥) = 24000 + 60𝑥 − 3𝑥 2

⇒ 𝑅′ (𝑥) = 60 − 6𝑥 ⇒ 𝑅′ (𝑥) = −6

For R(x) to be maximum, R′′ (x) = 0 and R′′ (x) < 0

⇒ 60 − 6x = 0 ⇒ x = 10

49. [A]
Shyam's father will attain maximum revenue after 10 days.

So, he should harvest the onions after 10 days of 1st July i.e., on 11th July.

50. [C]
Maximum revenue is collected by Shyam's father when x = 10

∴ Maximum revenue = R(10)

= 24000 + 60(10) − 3(10)2 = 24000 + 600 − 300

= 24300
 Passage -4 [51 to 55]
51. [D]
If 𝑥 be the amount of increase in annual charges, then number of subscribers reduces to 5000 − x

∴ Revenue, R(x) = (3000 + x)(5000 − x)

= 15000000 + 2000𝑥 − 𝑥 2 , 0 < 𝑥 < 5000

52. [A]
Clearly, at x = 500

R(500) == 15000000 + 2000(500) − (500)2

= 15000000 + 1000000 − 250000 = ₹15750000

53. [C]
Since, 15000000 + 2000𝑥 − 𝑥 2 = 15640000

(Given)

⇒ x 2 − 2000x + 640000 = 0

⇒ x 2 − 1600x − 400x + 640000 = 0

⇒ x(x − 1600) − 400(x − 1600) = 0 ⇒ x = 400,1600

54. [A]
𝑑𝑅 𝑑2 𝑅
= 2000 − 2𝑥 and = −2 < 0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2

dR
For maximum revenue, = 0 ⇒ x = 1000
dx

∴ Required amount = ₹1000

55. [B]
maximum revenue = 𝑅(1000)

= (3000 + 1000)(5000 − 1000)

= 4000 × 4000 = ₹16000000

Passage -5 [56 to 60]

56. [C]
 For all values of x, y = x 2 + 7

∴ Aruns' position at any point of x will be (x, x 2 + 7)

57. [C]
Distance, between

Arun and Manita, i.e., D

= √(x − 3)2 + (x 2 + 7 − 7)2

= √(𝑥 − 3)2 + 𝑥 4

58. [A]
We have, D = √(x − 3)2 + x 4

∴ D2 = (x − 3)2 + x 4
d
Now, (D2 ) = 2(x − 3) + 4x 3 = 0
dx

⇒ 4x 3 + 2x − 6 = 0 ⇒ 2x 3 + x − 3 = 0

⇒ (x − 1)(2x 2 + 2x + 3) = 0

∴x=1

(∵ 2x 2 + 2x + 3 = 0 will give imaginary values )

59. [B]
We have, D = √(x − 3)2 + x 4

′
2(x − 3) + 4x 3
D (x) = =0
2√(x − 3)2 + x 4

⇒ 2x 3 + x − 3 = 0

⇒x=1
 Clearly, D′′ (x) at x = 1 is > 0

∴ Value of x for which D will be minimum is 1 For x = 1, y = 8.

Thus, the required position is (1,8).

60. [D]
Minimum value of D = √(x − 3)2 + (1)4

= √4 + 1 = √5

ASSERTION & REASON

61. [A]
Marginal revenue is the rate of change of total revenue with respect to the number of items sold at
an instance. Therefore 𝑅 is true.

𝑅′ (𝑥) = 6𝑥 + 36
𝑅′ (5) = 66

∴ A is true.

R is the correct explanation of A. 62. [C]

The volume of a cylinder is V = 𝜋r 2 h.

So 𝑅 is false.

dr dh
= 5 cm/min, = −4 cm/min
dt dt
V = 𝜋r 2 h
dV dh dr
= 𝜋 (r 2 + 2hr )
dt dt dt
dV
= 𝜋[64 × (−4) + 2 × 6 × 8 × 5]
dt
∴ Volume is increasing at the rate of 224𝜋cm3 /min.

∴ A is true.

63. [D]
 𝑑𝑦
The slope of the curve 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) is . 𝑅 is true.
𝑑𝑥

Given curve is y = 5x − 2x 3
𝑑𝑦
or = 5 − 6𝑥 2
𝑑𝑥

dy
or m = 5 − 6x 2 [⬚ slope m = ]
dx

dm dx
= −12x = −24x
dt dt
dx
[∵ = 2 units /sec]
dt

dm
| = −72
dt x=3

Rate of Change of the slope is decreasing by 72 units/s.

A is false.

64. [D]
1
On Y axis, x = 0. The curve meets the Y axis at only one point, i.e., (0, ).
3

Hence A is false.

6𝑦 = 𝑥 3 + 2
dy dx
or 6 = 3x 2
dt dt

dy dx
Given, =2
dt dt

or 12 = 3𝑥 2

or x = ±2

Put x = 2 and -2 in the given equation to get y

5
∴ The points are (2, ) , (−2, −1)
3

R is true.

65. [D]
 Given

𝑦 = 2cos2 (3𝑥)
𝑑𝑦
= 2 × 2 × cos (3𝑥) × (−sin 3𝑥) × 3
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
= −6sin 6𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
] = −6sin 𝜋
𝑑𝑥 𝑥=𝜋
6
= −6 × 0
=0
∴ R is true

Since the slope of tangent is zero, the tangent is parallel to the X-axis. That is the curve has a
𝜋
horizontal tangent at 𝑥 = . Hence 𝐴 is false.
6

66. [A]
Given y = sin x

𝑑𝑦
= cos 𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
Slope of tangent at (0,0) =[ ]
𝑑𝑥 (0,0)
= cos 0∘
=1

∴ R is true

Equation of tangent at (0,0) is

y−0 = 1(x − 0)
⇒ y = x.

Hence 𝐴 is true.

R is the correct explanation of A.

67. [A]
Given x 2 + 2y + y 2 = 0

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
2𝑥 + 2 + 2𝑦 =0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
(2 + 2𝑦) = −2𝑥
𝑑𝑥
dy −2x x
= =−
dx 2(1 + y) 1+y

Slope of tangent at (−1,2)

dy −(−1) 1
[ ] = =
dx (−1,2) 1+2 3

Hence R is true.

Slope of normal at (−1,2)

−1
= = −3.
Slope of tan gent

Hence A is true.

R is the correct explanation for A.

68. [C]

𝑦 2 = 𝑎𝑥 3 + 𝑏

Differentiate with respect to x,

𝑑𝑦
2𝑦 = 3𝑎𝑥 2
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 3𝑎𝑥 3
or =
𝑑𝑥 2𝑦
𝑑𝑦 3𝑎𝑥 2
or = 2√𝑎3 + 𝑏 [∴ 𝑦 2 = 𝑎3 + 𝑏 ]
𝑑𝑥 ±
𝑑𝑦 3𝑎(2)2
or | =
𝑑𝑥 (2,3) ±2√𝑎(2)3 + 𝑏
12𝑎
=
±2√8𝑎 + 𝑏
6𝑎
=
±√8𝑎 + 𝑏

Since (2,3) lies on the curve

𝑦 2 = 𝑎𝑥 3 + 𝑏
or 9=𝑎+𝑏
 Also from equation of tangent

y = 4x − 5

slope of the tangent = 4

dy 6a
∴ | = becomes
dx (2,3) ±√8a+b

6a
= {from (i)}
±√9
6a
∴ 4 =
±3
6a 6a
∴ 4 = or 4 =
3 −3
either, 𝑎 = 2 or 𝑎 = −2

For 𝑎 = 2,

9 = 8(2) + 𝑏

or b = −7

∴ 𝑎 = 2 and 𝑏 = −7

and for 𝑎 = −2,

or 𝑏 = 25

or a = −2 and b = 25

Hence 𝐴 is true and 𝑅 is false.

69. [B]
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 − 3𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 − 100
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 6
= 3[𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 2]
= 3[(𝑥 − 1)2 + 1]

since 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) > 0; 𝑥 → 𝑅

𝑓(𝑥) is strictly increasing on 𝑅.

Hence A is true.
For a strictly increasing function,
 x1 > x 2
⇒ f( x 1 ) > f( x 2 )
i.e.; x1 = x 2
⇒ f( x 1 ) = f( x 2 )

Hence, a strictly increasing function is always an injective function.

So 𝑅 is true.

But 𝑅 is not the correct explanation of 𝐴.

70. [𝐵]
𝑓(𝑥) = sin4 𝑥 + cos4 𝑥

or f ′ (x) = 4sin3 xcos x − 4cos3 xsin x

= −4sin 𝑥cos 𝑥 [−sin2 𝑥 + cos2 𝑥 ]

= −2sin 2𝑥cos 2𝑥
= −sin 4𝑥
On equating,

𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 0

or −sin 4𝑥 = 0

4x = 0, 𝜋, 2𝜋, … … …
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
Sub-intervals are [0, ] , [ , ]
4 4 2

𝜋
or f ′ (x) < 0 in [0, ]
4

𝜋
or f(x) is decreasing in [0, ]
4

𝜋 𝜋
and, 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) > 0 in [ , ]
2 4

𝜋 𝜋
∴ f ′ (x) is increasing in [ , ]
4 2

Both A and B are true. But R is not the correct explanation of A.

71. [B]
y = [x(x − 2)]2 = [x 2 − 2x]2

dy
∴ = 2(x 2 − 2x)(2x − 2)
dx
 𝑑𝑦
or = 4𝑥(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 2)
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦
On equating = 0,
𝑑𝑥

4x(x − 1)(x − 2) = 0 ⇒ x = 0, x = 1, x = 2

∴ Intervals are (−∞, 0), (0,1), (1,2), (2, ∞)

dy
Since, > 0 in (0,1) or (2, ∞)
dx

∴ f(x) is increasing in (0,1) ∪ (2, ∞)

Both 𝐴 and 𝑅 are true. But 𝑅 is not the correct explanation of A.

72. [D]

log (1 + 𝑥) is defined only when 𝑥 + 1 > 0 or 𝑥 > −1

Hence 𝑅 is true.

2𝑥
𝑦 = log (1 + 𝑥) −
2+𝑥
Diff. w.r.t ' 𝑥 ',

𝑑𝑦 1 [(2 + 𝑥)(2) − 2𝑥]

= −
𝑑𝑥 1+𝑥 (2 + 𝑥)2
1 [4 − 2𝑥 − 2𝑥]
= −
1+𝑥 (2 + 𝑥)2
1 4
= −
1 + 𝑥 (2 + 𝑥)2
(2 + 𝑥)2 − 4(1 + 𝑥)
=
(2 + 𝑥)2 (1 + 𝑥)
4 + 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 4 − 4𝑥
=
(2 + 𝑥)2 + (1 + 𝑥)
𝑥2
=
(2 + 𝑥)2 (1 + 𝑥)

For increasing function,

 𝑑𝑦
≥0
𝑑𝑥
𝑥2
or ≥0
(2+𝑥)2 (𝑥+1)
(2+𝑥)2 (𝑥+1)𝑥 2
or ≥0
(2+𝑥)4(𝑥+1)2
or (2 + 𝑥)2 (𝑥 + 1)𝑥 2 ≥ 0

When x>-1,
𝑑𝑦
is always greater than zero.
𝑑𝑥

The function is always increasing throughout its domain. Hence A is false.

73. [A]
x2 2x 2
Given 𝑆 = 4𝜋 2 + 2 [ + 2x 2 + ]
3 3
S = 4𝜋r 2 + 6x 2
S − 4𝜋r 2
or x 2 =
6
4 3 2x 3
and V = 𝜋r +
3 3
3/2
4 3 2 S − 4𝜋r 2
∴ V = 𝜋r + ( )
3 3 6
1/2
dV s − 4𝜋r 2 −8𝜋r
= 4𝜋r 2 + ( ) ( )
dr 6 6
dV
=0
dr

𝑆
or 𝑟 = √
54+4𝜋

1/2
d2 V −8Π S−4𝜋r2
Now = 8𝜋r + ( )( )
dr2 6 6

−1/2
1 S − 4𝜋r 2 −8𝜋r
+ ( ) ⋅( )
2 6 6

S d2 V
at 𝑟 = √ ; >0
54+4Π dr2

S
∴ for r = √ volume is minimum
54+6𝜋
 i.e., r 2 (54 + 4𝜋) = S

or 𝑟 2 (54 + 4𝜋) = 4𝜋𝑟 2 + 6𝑥 2

or 6x 2 = 54r 2

or 𝑥 2 = 9𝑟 2

or x = 3r

Hence both A and R true.

R is the correct explanation of A.

74. [A]

Let the sides of rt. △ ABC be x and y.

∴ x 2 + y 2 = 4r 2
1
and A = Area of Δ = xy
2

Let, S = A2

1 2 2
= x y
4
1
= x 2 (4r 2 − x 2 )
4
1
= (4r 2 x 2 − x 4 )
4
dS 1
∴ = [8r 2 x − 4x 3 ]
dx 4
dS
or =0
dx

or x 2 = 2r 2 or x = √2r
 and y 2 = 4r 2 − 2r 2 = 2r 2

or y = √2r
𝑑2𝑆
i.e., 𝑥 = 𝑦 and = (2𝑟 2 − 3𝑥 2 )
𝑑𝑥 2

= 2r 2 − 6r 2 < 0

or Area is maximum, when Δ is isosceles.

Hence A is true.

Angle in a semicircle is a right angle.

∴ ∠C = 90∘

⇒△ ABC is a right-angled triangle.

∴ R is the true.

R is the correct explanation of A.

75. [C]
Let the radius and height of cylinder be 𝑟 and h respectively

∴ V = 𝜋r 2 h
h2
But r 2 = R2 −
4

h2 h2
∴ 𝜋h (R2 − ) = 𝜋 (R2 h − )
4 4

𝑑𝑉 3ℎ 2
or = 𝜋 (𝑅 2 − )
𝑑ℎ 4

For maximum or minimum

dV 4R2
∴ = 0 or h2 =
dh 3

or

2R
h=
√3
 d2 V 6h
and = 𝜋 (− )<0
dh2 4

2R 1 2R 3
Maximum volume = 𝜋 [R2 − ( ) ]
√3 4 √3

4𝜋R3
= cubic units
3√3

Hence 𝐴 is true and 𝑅 is false.

76. [B]

Let radius of cone be x and its height be h.

∴ OD = (h − r)

Volume of cone

1 2
(𝑉) = 𝜋𝑥 ℎ
3

In ΔOCD, x 2 + (h − r)2 = r 2 or x 2 = r 2 − (h − r)2

 1
∴V = 𝜋h{r 2 − (h − r)2 }
3
1
= 𝜋 (−h3 + 2 h2 r)
3
dV 𝜋
or = (−3 h2 + 4hr)
dh 3

dV 4r
∴ = 0 or h =
dh 3