Smoking Presentation 1

IMPACT OF SMOKING
ON HEALTH
Nutrition and Public Health
MMPU3343
March Semester 2024
OVERVIEW
Introduction Treatment
Reasons for Smoking Benefits to Smoking Cessation
Effects and Consequences Conclusion
1
INTRODUCTION
Smoking remains a pressing public health concern, with far-reaching
implications for individuals and society. Despite concerted efforts, cessation
efforts are hindered by addiction, social influences, and economic factors.
Beyond its well-documented health risks, including cardiovascular diseases
and cancer, smoking imposes substantial societal costs, such as healthcare
expenditures and lost productivity. Addressing these complexities is
essential to mitigate preventable diseases and mortality, emphasizing the
urgent need for comprehensive intervention strategies.
REASONS FOR SMOKING
NICOTINE DEPENDENCY: The cycle of addiction
Nicotine's rapid effect on the brain
mood improvement
concentration boost
stress reduction
The brain begins to rely on these effects
and the smoker will start having
withdrawal symptoms if they tried to quit
Establishment of dependency due to brain

changes and withdrawal symptoms
REASONS FOR SMOKING
Smoking as Coping Mechanism
Smoking as 'self-medication' for stress relief, despite

increasing anxiety and tension
Higher smoking rates among individuals with trauma and

stressor-related disorders ( PTSD, OCD, anxiety, etc...)
Higher smoking rates among adults with mood

disorders like depression, Bipolar disorder.
Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders

EFFECT AND CONSEQUENSES
EFFECT
Cancer, heart disease, stroke, lung diseases, diabetes, and chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD)
Smoking causes most lung cancers
Cigarette consist of more than 5000 chemical where more than 70 chemical
known as carcinogen which can cause cancer
Carcinogen simultaneously damage cell and disrupt DNA repair enzyme
Hence lead to cancer
Smoker and second hand smoker both effected
Smokers get various consequences if they don't stop smoking

LUNG CANCER
Small Cell Lung Cancer
Usually only happens in people who have smoked heavily for years. Small cell
lung cancer is less common than non-small cell lung cancer.
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

It is any type of epithelial lung cancer other than small cell lung cancer (SCLC),
which includes squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large cell
carcinoma
CONSEQUENSES
1.Shortness of breath
Shortness of breath occurs if cancer grows to block the major airways. Lung
cancer can also cause fluid to collect around the lungs and heart. The fluid makes
it harder for the affected lung to expand fully when you inhale.
2.Coughing up blood
Lung cancer can cause bleeding in the airway. This can cause you to cough up
blood. Sometimes, the bleeding can become severe.
3.Pain
Advanced lung cancer that spreads can cause pain. It may spread to the lining of
a lung or to another area of the body, such as a bone.
4.Fluid in the chest
Lung cancer can cause fluid to accumulate in the chest, called pleural
effusion. The fluid collects in the space that surrounds the affected lung in
the chest cavity, called the pleural space. Pleural effusion can cause shortness
of breath.
5.Cancer that spread to other parts of body
Lung cancer often spreads to other parts of the body. It may spread to the brain
and the bones. Cancer that spreads can cause pain, nausea, headaches, or other
symptoms depending on which organ is affected. Once lung cancer has spread
beyond the lungs, it's generally not curable.
SMOKING CESSATION
METHODS /
TREATMENT
Smoking cessation, vital for health improvement and disease
risk reduction, involves various assistance methods.
NICOTINE REPLACEMENT
THERAPY (NRT)
Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT): Delivers controlled nicotine
1 doses to aid smoking cessation without harmful tobacco smoke
chemicals.
Alleviates withdrawal symptoms and cravings, facilitating a smoother

2 transition to a smoke-free life.
Integral part of comprehensive smoking cessation programs, best

3 utilized under healthcare professional guidance, offering a safer
alternative to tobacco while managing withdrawal symptoms and
cravings.
AVOID TRIGGERS
Identification and avoidance of triggers are crucial for successful

1 tobacco cessation, whether smoking or chewing.
Triggers, linked to specific places, activities, or emotional states, can

2 intensify tobacco cravings
Recognizing triggers enables the development of coping strategies,

3 such as avoidance, alternative activities, or stress management
techniques, enhancing the ability to stay tobacco-free and overcome
quitting challenges.
GET PHYSICAL
Physical activity is not only beneficial for overall health but also aids
1 in managing tobacco cravings effectively.
Exercise serves as a distraction, redirecting focus away from

2 cravings towards physical exertion and well-being.
Even brief bouts of activity, such as briskly climbing stairs or taking

3 a short walk, can alleviate the intensity of tobacco cravings,
contributing to both immediate relief and long-term cessation
efforts by promoting a healthier lifestyle and reducing stress levels.
BENEFITS TO SMOKING
CESSATION
In 2018, more than half of the adult smokers in the
US have made an attempt at quitting, but only 7.5%
achieved success.
Quitting the habit offers both immediately
noticeable rewards and long-term rewards towards:
physical health, mental health, and finances.
PHYSICAL HEALTH
Immediate Improvements Risk and Progression Reduction
Recovery begins as early as Reduces risk and fatal
20 minutes. Health shows progression of cardiovascular
improvements in circulation and respiratory diseases (e.g.
and lung function. bronchitis and pneumonia).
Baby’s Health
Reduces risk of SGA and
development of health
conditions. Reduces the
chance of pre-term delivery.
Mental Health Finances
Saves ten of thousands of
Nicotine withdrawal often dollars by not buying
mistaken for a cigarettes.
deterioration of mental Significant reduction in
health. financial stress concerning
Anxiety and depression medical bills and
symptoms show a decrease insurance.
after quitting. Chemicals in cigarettes can
Provides a sense of cause gum disease, tooth
personal satisfaction from decay and loss. Dental
accomplishing milestones. procedures can be
expensive.
CONCLUSION
The negative impacts and consequences of smoking are
profound and wide-reaching. From serious health issues like
lung cancer, heart disease, and respiratory problems to
financial strain and social ostracization, the toll of smoking is
extensive. Moreover, secondhand smoke poses risks to non-
smokers. In conclusion, the detrimental effects of smoking
underscore the importance of prevention and cessation efforts
for public health and individual well-being.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We would like to express our gratitude to all the individuals
who have contributed to the completion of the assignment;
Khadiga Tawfiq for her part in Reasons for Smoking,
Muhammad Azrain Shah for his work in Effects and
Consequences of Smoking and Conclusion, Kuhan Thanavalan
for his contribution to Smoking Cessation Methods and
Introduction, ‘Aisyah ‘Atirah with her part in Benefits to
Smoking Cessation.
THANK YOU

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IMPACT OF SMOKING

Effects and Consequences Conclusion

Establishment of dependency due to brain

Smoking as 'self-medication' for stress relief, despite

Higher smoking rates among individuals with trauma and

Higher smoking rates among adults with mood

Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders

Smokers get various consequences if they don't stop smoking

Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Alleviates withdrawal symptoms and cravings, facilitating a smoother

Integral part of comprehensive smoking cessation programs, best

Identification and avoidance of triggers are crucial for successful

Triggers, linked to specific places, activities, or emotional states, can

Recognizing triggers enables the development of coping strategies,

Exercise serves as a distraction, redirecting focus away from

Even brief bouts of activity, such as briskly climbing stairs or taking

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