Dalat University

Faculty of Physics & Nuclear Engineering

Nguyễn Đăng Chiến, PhD

Associate Professor

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 Contents

Chapter 0: Introduction to the Course

Chapter 1: Derivatives and Differentials of

multivariable functions

Chapter 2: Determinants and Matrices

Chapter 3: Infinite Series

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 Instructor’s Information

1. Instructor: Nguyễn Đăng Chiến

2. Title: Associate Professor; Associate Dean

3. Affiliation: Faculty of Physics & Nuclear Engineering

4. Research interests: Advanced CMOS devices

5. Lab: Building A3, Dalat University

6. E-mail: [email protected]

7. Phone number: 0965-164961

5 Chapter 0: Introduction to the Course

Instructor’s Information

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 Students’ Information

Say Hello on DLU Community & Get Motivated

7 Chapter 0: Introduction to the Course

Contents of Chapter 0

I. Objectives, Contents &

Textbooks

II. Mathematics Learning Methods

for Engineers

III. Roles and Applications of

Mathematics in Science &
Engineering

IV. How to Boost up Your

Motivation?

V. Units of measurement

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 I. Objectives, Contents & Textbooks
 What is Mathematics?

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I. Objectives, Contents & Textbooks

 An example

eight
plus
8+6
six

Math We read
Reality

Result

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 I. Objectives, Contents & Textbooks
 Ingredients of a Language:

WORDS

MATHEMATICS

a+b=b+a /pləs/
RULES PRONUNCIATION

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I. Objectives, Contents & Textbooks

WORDS

Give as many examples

?
as you can

MATHEMATICS

? ?
RULES PRONUNCIATION

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 I. Objectives, Contents & Textbooks
 Objectives:

Derivative
Differential
Determinant
Matrix
Series

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I. Objectives, Contents & Textbooks

 Contents:

Chapter 0: Introduction to the Course

1. Objectives, contents & textbooks
2. Mathematics Learning Methods for Engineers
3. Roles & Applications of Mathematics
4. How to boost up your motivation

Chapter 1: Derivatives and Differentials of multivariable functions

1. Some definitions
2. Functions & Graphs
3. Limits
4. Derivative
5. Differentiation

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 I. Objectives, Contents & Textbooks
 Contents (continuing):

Chapter 2: Determinants and Matrices

1. Vector spaces
2. Linear equations
3. Determinants
4. Solutions of linear equations Chapter 3: Infinite Series
5. Matrices: definitions 1. Number series
6. Matrices: operations 2. Function series
7. Linear transformations 3. Power series
8. Matrices: some applications 4. Taylor’s series
5. Fourier series

15 Chapter 0: Introduction to the Course

I. Objectives, Contents & Textbooks

 Textbooks & References:
1) Nguyễn Đăng Chiến, Lecture Notes on Advanced Mathematics B1,
2022 (Unpublished).

2) P. E. Đankô, A. G. Pôpốp, T. L. Côgiepnhicôva, Bài tập Toán học

cao cấp, Phần I, NXB Đại học và THCN Hà Nội, 1983.

3) P. E. Đankô, A. G. Pôpốp, T. L. Côgiepnhicôva, Bài tập Toán học

cao cấp, Phần II, NXB Đại học và THCN Hà Nội, 1983.

4) H. J. Weber, G. B. Arfken, Essential Mathematical Methods for

Physicists, Academic Press, 2003.

5) Nguyễn Đình Trí, Lê Trọng Vinh, Dương Thủy Vỹ, Giáo trình Toán
học cao cấp: Tập 1, NXB Giáo dục, 2006.

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 II. Learning Methods for Engineers
 What should you focus on?

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II. Learning Methods for Engineers

 Learning a word of math:

Content
(for understanding)

A Word
of Math

Notation Pronunciation
(for writing) (for reading)

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 II. Learning Methods for Engineers
 Learning a rule of math
word(s):

Practical
Meaning
(for applications)

A Rule of
Word(s)

Limits Expression
(for proper use) (for writing & reading)

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II. Learning Methods for Engineers

 What are more important to you?

• Suitable for Engineers • Suitable for Scientists

• Understand existing rules • Discover new rules
• Express your designs • Create new ideas

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 II. Learning Methods for Engineers
 An example:

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II. Learning Methods for Engineers

 Requirements for students:

After this course, students are able to:

• Understand the math words mentioned in this course;

• Remember the math rules related to each math word;

• Know the limits of math words and rules;

• Write practical problems in term of mathematics;

• Apply math words and rules to some practical cases.

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 II. Learning Methods for Engineers
 Some opinions of experts

“Người học Toán hiện nay chỉ áp dụng công thức

vào giải Toán. Trong khi ít người hiểu sâu sắc về
bản chất của những công thức đó dẫn đến việc
học Toán theo một phản xạ như cái máy.”

Prof. Phan Thành Nam

Ludwig Maximilian Uni. of Munich
Prof. Ngô Bảo Châu
(EMS Award 2020)
University of Chicago
(Fields Metal 2010)

“Trước sức ép của các kỳ thi, học sinh buộc

phải học theo kiểu làm thật nhiều bài tập để
hiểu khái niệm, trong khi cách học Toán
đúng là phải hiểu khái niệm để làm bài tập.”

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III. Roles & Applications of Mathematics

 Roles:

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 III. Roles & Applications of Mathematics
 Roles:

Develop Science & Technology

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III. Roles & Applications of Mathematics

 Applications:

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 III. Roles & Applications of Mathematics
 Applications:

Understanding Designing Developing

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III. Roles & Applications of Mathematics

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 III. Roles & Applications of Mathematics
 Dividable & undividable items
• Undividable items: • Dividable items:
o Cannot be divided without o Can be divided without
breaking the basic feature breaking the basic feature or
or function. function.

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III. Roles & Applications of Mathematics

 Discrete & continuous sets of numbers
• Gathering undividable items so • Gathering dividable items so
that their function is remained, that their function is remained,
we always get a discrete data. we can get a continuous data.

• Because they cannot be • Because they can be merged

merged together, the set of together, the set of dividable
undividable items is countable. items is uncountable.

counting numbers (≥ 0) continuous set of numbers (≥ 0)

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 III. Roles & Applications of Mathematics
 Addition
• If the two sets of items that are analogous in nature, we can put them
together to form a set of similar items.

• Mathematically, putting together is expressed by addition “+”.

• From the sense of addition, it is noted that we cannot make the

addition if:

o items exhibit different natures

or features/functions that we
are concerning.
o phenomenologically, quantities
have different units.

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III. Roles & Applications of Mathematics

 Integer & real numbers
• Assuming for every item, there exists its anti-item so that they are
annihilated when putting them together.
• Examples: electron - positron; neutrino – antineutrino; proton – antiproton;
or more abstractly, open – close; up – down; loan – debt; like – hate; etc.
• Mathematically, one defines the additive inverse of number to be the
number, when added to , yields zero.

• The additive inverse of number is alternatively called negative

number, denoted by − .
Real Number Line

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 III. Roles & Applications of Mathematics
 Subtraction
• Normally, the world of anti-items is not realistic, or at least very
difficult to observe.
• It can be said that we loose “real” items because the anti-world takes
them away.
• In reality, many entities (not only anti-world) can take items away.
• Mathematically, taking away is expressed by subtraction “”.

Addition to
Anti- inverses
world [ + (− )]
Annihilation

⟺
Make Loose
subtraction 2 balls
Real Taking
world away
Two ways of loosing items Taking away [ − ]

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III. Roles & Applications of Mathematics

Discuss the practical cases from which the

multiplication and division are defined. When
do we use them in calculations?

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 IV. How to boost up your motivation
 Think of yourself:

Bright
future

Personal Personal honor

satisfaction
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IV. How to boost up your motivation

 Think of your people:

Your future
family

Your parents Disadvantaged people

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 IV. How to boost up your motivation
 Motivated by failure:

Accept failure as part

of the growth process

Failure can help

you motivated!

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IV. How to boost up your motivation

MOTIVATION
RESULT
You learn because of
not knowing what to do Very Poor
being forced by your parents Poor
the love for your family Ordinary
the future career Good
the love for the major/course Excellent

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 IV. How to boost up your motivation
 Grit: the power of passion and perseverance (by Angela Duckworth)

Intelligence or grit?
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V. Units of measurement
 History
• Primitive societies: used crude measures such as hand (length), sun &
moon (time), plant seeds (volume), stones (weight).
• 1790: the metric system was developed by the French Academy of
Sciences.
• 1875: the Metric Convention was established including 3 organs:
o General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM): highest organ
o Int. Committee for Weights and Measures (CIPM): secretariat
o Int. Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM): office
 It set up well-defined standards for length and mass.
• 1921: CGPM extended to all other units in physics. (at the 6th meeting)
• 1960: CGPM ratified the International System of Units (SI).
• 2019: CGPM redefined the base units based on the physical constants.

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 V. Units of measurement
 5 constants of nature
Constant Exact value Note
Recommended by the
Speed of light 299792458 meter per second (m⋅s−1)
CGPM in 1975.
Planck constant ℎ 6.62607015×10−34 joule-second (J⋅s) D. B. Newell, “The CODATA
2017 Values of h, e, k, and NA
elementary charge 1.602176634×10−19 coulomb (C) for the Revision of the SI”.
Metrologia 55 (1): L13.
Boltzmann constant 1.380649×10−23 joule per kelvin (J⋅K−1)
The CIPM had proposed them
Avogadro constant 6.02214076×1023 reciprocal mole (mol−1) for the definition of base units.

 2 supplementary units
Unit (Symbol)
Definition
Quantity
radian (rad) The plane angle with its vertex at the center of a circle that is subtended by an arc
plan angle equal in length to the radius.
steradian (sr) The solid angle with its vertex at the center of a sphere that is subtended by an area of
solid angle the spherical surface equal to that of a square with sides equal in length to the radius.

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V. Units of measurement
 7 base units
Unit (Symbol) Definition
Quantity (Approved by the CGPM at the 26 meeting in November 2018)
second (s) defined by taking the fixed value of the ground-state hyperfine transition
time frequency of the caesium-133 atom to be 9192631770 (Hz = s )
meter (m) defined by taking the fixed value of the speed of light in vacuum to be
length 299792458 (m s )
kilogram*) (kg) defined by taking the fixed value of the Planck constant ℎ to be
mass 6.62607015 × 10 (J s = kg m s )
ampere**) (A) defined by taking the fixed value of the elementary charge to be
electric current 1.602176634 × 10 (C = A s)
kelvin*) (K) defined by taking the fixed value of the Boltzmann constant to be
temperature 1.380649 × 10 (J K = kg m s K )
mole**) (mol) defined by taking the fixed value of the Avogadro constant to be
amount of substance 6.02214076 × 10 (elementary entities = mol )
candela (cd) defined by taking the fixed value of the luminous efficacy of
luminous intensity monochromatic radiation of frequency 540 × 10 (Hz) to be 683
(lm W = cd sr W = cd sr kg m s )
*) fundamental changes ; **) major revisions (compared to previous definitions)

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 V. Units of measurement
 Convention of writing unit symbols
• The first letter of a symbol is capitalized if the name of a symbol is
derived from a person’s name, otherwise it is lowercase;
• The symbol for the liter is recommended to be “L,” (since the lowercase
“I” may cause a confusion with the numeral “1”);
• Use standing letters;
• Use one space between the
numeral & the unit of quantity.

 The Measurement System in Viet Nam

• Based on the Ordinance of Measurement (Pháp lệnh Đo lường) adopted
by the National Assembly in 1999.
• The decree 134/2007/NĐ-CP (signed by the Prime Minister on 15/8/2007).

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V. Units of measurement
 Quantities whose units are expressed in terms of base and supplementary units

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 V. Units of measurement
 Quantities whose units have special names

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V. Units of measurement
 Quantities whose units are expressed in terms of derived units with special names

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 V. Units of measurement
 Units used with the SI system

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V. Units of measurement
 Units that are being used temporarily

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 V. Units of measurement
 Prefixes for metric units

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. = .

. = .

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