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L4 Class 3

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9 views6 pages

L4 Class 3

Uploaded by

Jacob Lu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TTMath School

Level 4: Class 3

Definition
A complex number z in standard form is an expression of the form a + bi where a, b ∈ R. a = ℜ(a + bi) is called
the real part and b = ℑ(a + bi) is called the imaginary part. A complex number that has no real part is called
purely imaginary. The conjugate of z := a + bi is z̄ := a − bi.

Modulus
The modulus is the distance from the
√ origin to the complex number. This is commonly denoted as |z|. Let a + bi be
a complex number, then |a + bi| = a2 + b2 .

Argument
The argument is the angle of the line connecting the origin and the point with the positive real axis. This is denoted
arg(z).

Graphical Transformation/Representation
1. The graphical transformation of addition and conjugate.

Polar Form
Polar coordinates is a two dimensional coordinate system in which each point on the plane is determine by a distance
from a reference point and an angle from a reference direction. To convert from complex number to polar coordinate
(r, θ) = (|z|, arg z).

Properties of Complex Numbers


Let z and w be complex numbers, then
1. z + w = z + w
2. zw = z w̄
3. z = z
4. zz = |z|2

5. z + z̄ = 2ℜ(z)
6. z − z̄ = 2iℑ(z)
7. |z| = 0 if and only if z = 0
8. z = w if and only if ℜ(z) = ℜ(w) and ℑ(z) = ℑ(w)
9. |z| = |z|
10. |zw| = |z||w|

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TTMath School
Homework
Complete the following problems. Remember to simplify your answer. Do not use a calculator.
1. Textbook reference and additional practice: Intermediate Algebra: Chapter 3.
2. Evaluate i + 2i2 + 3i3 + 4i4 + · · · + 64i64 .

3. Solve the following equations and express your answers in standard form.
(a) ix2 + 3x − 2i = 0

(b) z̄ = z 2

(c) z 8 + 16z 4 + 256 = 0

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TTMath School
(d) z
z̄ =1

(e) z
z̄ =2

4. Let z and w be complex numbers


(a) Prove the identity zw = z w̄.

(b) Prove the identity z − z̄ = 2iℑ(z)

(c) Prove that |z| = 0 if and only if z = 0.

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TTMath School
(d) Prove that z = w if and only if ℜ(z) = ℜ(w) and ℑ(z) = ℑ(w).

5. Find all complex numbers z such that z/z is


(a) a real number.

(b) an imaginary number.

6. Find an equation whose graph in the complex plane is the following:


(a) The perpendicular bisector of the segment connecting 4 + i and 7 − 2i.

(b) The line that passes through 3 + i and has slope 2.

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TTMath School
7. Let w be a solution to the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 where a, b, c ∈ R. Show that the complex conjugate w is
also a solution.

8. Find all complex numbers z such that |z − 1| = |z + 3| = |z − i|.

w w
9. Let w and z be complex numbers and z 6= 0. Prove that + is a real number.
z z

10. Let t be a real number such that |t| ≤ 2. Show that both roots of the quadratic z 2 + tz + 1 = 0 have magnitude
1.

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TTMath School
11. Let w, z ∈ C such that |z| < 1 and |w| < 1.
(a) Prove that
|1 − z̄w|2 − |z − w|2 = (1 − |z|2 )(1 − |w|2 )

(b) Prove that z−w


1−z̄w < 1.

12. Let z ∈ C, z 6= ±i. Prove that z


1+z 2 is real if and only if z is real or |z| = 1.

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