PASSION FOR EXCELLENCE

RAINBOW INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

2024 – 2025
WORKSHEET- 7
Class: XI Subject: Chemistry Date:23.11.2024
SECTION- A
I. Choose the correct answer:
1.Name the different types of redox reactions.
Ans: The different types of redox reactions are:
a. Combination reactions b. Decomposition reactions
c. Displacement reactions d. Disproportionate reactions

2. State Henry’s law.

Ans: Henry’s law states that the mass of a gas dissolved at any temperature in a given mass of
any solvent is directly proportional to the gas present in the solvent.

3. The equilibrium constant for the reaction SO3 (g) ⇌ SO2 (g) + 1/2 O2 (g) is 0.18 at 900 K. What will
be the equilibrium constant for the reaction SO2 (g) + 1/2 O2 (g) ⇌ SO3 (g)?
Ans:The equilibrium constant for the reaction SO3 (g) ⇌ SO2 (g) + 1/2 O2 (g) is 0.18 at 900 K is
5.55.

4.Calculate the oxidation number of phosphorus in the following species.

(a) HPO32- and (b) PO43-
Ans:(a). Let the oxidation number of phosphorus in HPO32- be x.
⇒ +1 + x + (-2)×3 = -2
⇒ +1 + x – 6 = -2
⇒ x – 5 = -2
⇒x=–2+5
⇒ x = +3
(b). Let the oxidation number of phosphorus in PO43- be x.
⇒ x + 4 ×(-2) = -3
⇒ x = -3 + 8 = +5
⇒ x = +5

5. What inference you get when Qc>Kc and Qc>Kc ?

Ans: This relation suggests that reaction is at equilibrium.

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6. The reaction
Cl2(g) + 2OH– (aq) → CIO– (aq) + Cl– (aq) + H2O(l) represents the process of bleaching. Identify and
name the species that bleaches the substances due to their oxidising action.
Ans: Cl2(g) + 2OH– (aq) → CIO– (aq) + Cl– (aq) + H2O(l)
Here, Cl2 is converted into ClO- and Cl-, respectively, through oxidation and reduction. Because
Cl- is not an oxidising agent (O.A.). As a result of the hypochlorite ClO- ion’s oxidising effect,
Cl2 bleaches many materials.
SECTION- B
7. What is the pH of 0.002 M HBr?
Ans: We can get the pH by using the following equation:

8. Identify the redox reactions out of the following reactions and identify the oxidising and reducing
agents in them.
(i) 3HCl(aq) + HNO3(aq) → Cl2(g) + NOCl (g) +2H2O(l)
(ii) HgCl2(aq) + 2KI (aq) → HgI2(s) + 2KCl (aq)
(iii) Fe2O3(s) + 3CO(g) → 2Fe(s) + 3CO2(g)

Ans: (i) Putting the oxidation number of each atom, we get:

3HCl(aq) + HNO3(aq) → Cl2(g) + NOCl (g) +2H2O(l)
The oxidation number of Cl goes from -1 (in HCl) to 0 (in Cl2).
HCl is used as a reducing agent because of the oxidation of Cl–.
HNO3 functions as an oxidising agent because the oxidation number of N reduces from +5 (in
HNO3) to +3 (in NOCl).
Thus, reaction (i) is a redox reaction.

(ii) HgCl2 + 2Kl → Hgl + 2KCl

There is no change in the oxidation number. Hence this reaction doesn’t qualify as a redox
reaction.

(iii) Fe2O3 + 3CO → 2Fe +3CO2

Fe2O3 works as an oxidising agent because the oxidation number of Fe changes from +3 (in Fe2O3)
to 0 (in Fe).
CO works as a reducing agent as the oxidation number of C increases from +2 (in CO) to +4 (in
CO2). As a result, it is a redox reaction.

9. On what factor does equilibrium depend?

Ans.The factors on which equilibrium depends are as follows:
• Change in concentration level.

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 • Change in pressure level.
• Effect of catalyst
• Effect of inert gas
• Change in temperature level
10. Arrange the given metals in the order in which they displace each other from the solution of their
salts.
(i) Al (ii) Fe (iii) Cu (iv) Zn (v) Mg
Ans: In a salt solution, a metal with a higher reducing power pushes out metal with lower
reducing power. The following list of metals is in increasing order of their reducing power:
Cu < Fe < Zn < Al < Mg
Thus, Mg can displace Al from its salt solution, but Al cannot displace Mg. Therefore, we can
conclude that the order in which the given metals displace each other from the solution of their
salts is as given below: Mg >Al>Zn> Fe >Cu

11.Using the standard electrode potential of redox couples given below find out which of the
following is the strongest oxidising agent.
E values: Fe3+ / Fe2+ = + 0.77; I2(s)/ I– = +0.54;
Cu2+ /Cu = + 0.34; Ag+ /Ag = + 0.80 V
Ans: Ag+ ,as the reduction potential of Ag+ /Ag is the highest.

12.Explain redox reactions on the basis of electron transfer. Give suitable examples.
Ans: A chemical reaction in which electrons are transferred between two substances is known
as an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction. An oxidation-reduction reaction is any chemical
process in which a molecule, atom, or ion’s oxidation number changes as a result of gaining or
losing an electron.

SECTION- C
13. a) Define redox couple and give one example.
b) Balance this reaction in both acidic and basic aqueous solutions
MnO4−(aq)+SO3−2(aq)⟶MnO2(s)+SO4−3(aq)

Ans: a)A redox couple is a pair of an oxidizing and reducing agent that are involved in a redox
reaction
b) Step 1:First, they are separated into the half-equations:
MnO4-(aq) ⟶ MnO2(s)
This is the reduction half-reaction because oxygen is lost and
SO3−2(aq) ⟶ SO4−2(aq)
(the oxidation, because oxygen is gained)
Step 2: Now, to balance the oxygen atoms, we must add two water molecules to the right side of
the first equation, and one water molecule to the left side of the second equation:

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MnO4−(aq) ⟶ MnO2(s) + 2H2O(l)
H2O(l) + SO3−2(aq)⟶SO4−2(aq)
Step 3: To balance the hydrogen atoms (those the original equation as well as those added in the
last step), we must add four H+ ions to the left side of the first equation, and two H+ ions to the
right side of the second equation.
4H+ + MnO4−(aq) ⟶ MnO2(s) + 2H2O(l)
H2O(l) + SO2−3(aq) ⟶ SO2−4(aq) + 2H+
Step 4: Now we must balance the charges. In the first equation, the charge is +3 on the left and
0 on the right, so we must add three electrons to the left side to make the charges the same. In
the second equation, the charge is -2 on the left and 0 on the right, so we must add two electrons
to the right.
3e− + 4H+ + MnO−4(aq)⟶MnO2(s) + 2H2O(l)
H2O(l) + SO32−(aq) ⟶ SO42−(aq) + 2H+ + 2e−
Step 5: Now we must make the electrons equal each other, so we multiply each equation by the
appropriate number to get the common multiple (in this case, by 2 for the first equation, and by
3 for the second).
2(3e−+4H++MnO4−(aq) ⟶ MnO2(s)+2H2O(l))
3(H2O(l)+SO32−(aq) ⟶ SO42−(aq)+2H++2e−)
With the result:
6e−+ 8H+ + 2MnO4−(aq) ⟶2MnO2(s)+4H2O(l)
3H2O(l)+3SO2−3(aq)⟶3SO2−4(aq) + 6H+ + 6e−
To balance in a basic environment add OH−OH− to each side to neutralize
the H+H+ into water molecules: 2MnO−4(aq) + 2H+ + 3SO3−2(aq) ⟶ H2O(l) + 2MnO2(s) + 3SO3−2(aq)
The equation is now balanced in an acidic environment ,and then cancel the water molecules
2MnO4 -(aq) + H2O + 3SO3−2(aq) ⟶ 2MnO2(s) + 3SO4−2(aq) + 2OH−
The equation is now balanced in a basic environment.

14.a) Using the standard electrode potential of redox couples given below find out which of the
following is the strongest oxidising agent.
E values: Fe3+ / Fe2+ = + 0.77; I2(s)/ I– = +0.54;
Cu2+ /Cu = + 0.34; Ag+ /Ag = + 0.80 V
b) Balance this reaction which takes place in acidic medium
MnO−4 + I−⟶ I2 + Mn2+
Ans: a) Ag+ ,as the reduction potential of Ag+ /Ag is the highest.
b) Step 1: Separate the half-reactions that undergo oxidation and reduction.
Oxidation:
I−⟶I2
This is the oxidation half because the oxidation state changes from -1 on the left side to 0 on the
right side. This indicates a gain in electrons.
Reduction: MnO−4 ⟶ Mn2+
This is the reduction half because the oxidation state changes from +7 on the left side to +2 on the
right side. This indicates a reduction in electrons.
Step 2: In order to balance this half reaction, we must start by balancing all atoms other than
any Hydrogen or Oxygen atoms.
Oxidation: 2I−⟶I2
In order to balance the oxidation half of the reaction you must first add a 2 in front of the II on
the left hand side so there is an equal number of atoms on both sides.

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Reduction:
MnO−4 ⟶ Mn2+
For the reduction half of the reaction, you can notice that all atoms other than Hydrogen and
Oxygen are already balanced because there is one manganese atom on both sides of the half
reaction.
Step 3: Balance Oxygen atoms by adding H2O to the side of the equation that needs Oxygen. Once
you have completed this step add H+ to the side of the equation that lacks HH atoms necessary to
be balanced.
Oxidation:
2I−⟶I2
Because there are no Oxygen or Hydrogen atoms in this half of the reaction, it is not required to
perform any kind of balancing.
Reduction:
MnO−4⟶Mn2++4H2O
The first step in balancing this reaction using step 3 is to add 4 H2O atoms in order to balance
the Oxygen atoms with the 4 on the other side of MnO−4
Reduction:
MnO−4+8H+⟶Mn2+ + 4H2O
Now that the Oxygen atoms have been balanced you can see that there are 8 H atoms on the right
hand side of the equation and none on the left. Therefore, you must add 8 H+ atoms to the left
hand side of the equation to make it balanced.
Step 4: Now that the two half reactions have been balanced correctly one must balance the
charges in each half reaction so that both the reduction and oxidation halves of the reaction
consume the same number of electrons.
Oxidation:
2I−⟶I2+2e−
Reduction:
5e−+ 8H+ + MnO−4⟶ Mn2+ + 4H2O
Looking at the left hand side of the equation you can notice that there are 8 Hydrogen atoms with
a +1 charge. There is also a MnO−4ion that has a charge of -1. When we add these two charges up
we can calculate that the left hand side of the equation has an overall charge of +7.
The right hand side has an Mn atom with a charge of +2 and then 4 water molecules that have
charges of 0. Therefore, the overall charge of the right side is +2. We must add 5 electrons to the
left side of the equation to make sure that both sides of the equation have equal charges of +2.
Step 5: Multiply both sides of both reactions by the least common multiple that will allow the
half-reactions to have the same number of electrons and cancel each other out.
Oxidation: 10I−→5I2+10e−
10I−→ 5I2 + 10e−
We multiply this half reaction by 5 to come up with the following result above.
Reduction: 10e− + 16H+ + 2MnO−4→ 2Mn2+ + 8H2O
We multiply the reduction half of the reaction by 2 and arrive at the answer above.
By multiplying the oxidation half by 5 and the reduction half by 2 we are able to observe that
both half-reactions have 10 electrons and are therefore are able to cancel each other out.
Step 6: Add the two half reactions in order to obtain the overall equation by cancelling out the
electrons and any H2O and H+ions that exist on both sides of the equation.
Overall:10I−+ 16H++ 2 MnO−4⟶5I2 + 2Mn2++8H2O

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