Vectorcals

Scaler Point function and vector point function

consider the functions

1 fear Z f F Ny z try E Scaler

function
point
scaler field
2 Fen Y Z FCF my Z I WTF ET
I
Int vector point function

force vector point function

2 Density Scaler point function

Da Vector Differentiation

Flt E DE ZED SEI

D
qÉ
2
If

i
 m_

t t f
grad f If get of J t

it It ie

EE f Xyz yay Find If

Solis 55W
If fi t
GT ER try

I I
Y't 2n y
I ME zy a
fi524

Geometricinterpretationin

If represent the normal vector to the surface

Normal vector of surface f x y t

Ffp y y
at Of
ftp.t
P K YZ
 i1Eadeative

Directional derivative of scaler point function f at any

point pen y z in the direction of vector N is defined

as
Unit vector

If
Directional a
Grad f along
Derivative p

Note N armor rector zcoum.tl N normal vector or

Find the unit normal vector to the surface

my 22 9 at point 4 1,2

SOMI 22 4 0
f z my

N grad f Of hi 8,5 822 my't y

N y z it set 3y j t
my 222

NC 1 1,2
95 125 92

a
 Find the directional derivative of fay t ny3tyE
at the point 12 1.1 in the direction of vector it 25 32
sod it 32
f my yet p 2 1
D I 25

Directional derivative a grad f

p If
Jf
pity
If hi 8,5 825 ng't ye
38 24 I Cy ZZ I
y i
n
If

Ff at p 2 1,1 Jf it 75 2k

h
jÉ
Dir Der Fitts 2k

1 14 6 And
2 Find D D of f body 5 y't t Ese at point
pct 1 1 in the direction of the line
41 122 7
some line 41 732
I 2J I
Direction of the line N 2

DD F In
p

Divergences

I vector point function

Div E J E

Physical significance

Velocity vector I Unit Vy It Vzte

Div I J V 81 87 Off
The rate at which fluid is originating
per unit volume
 Incompressible

ÉÉ tÉ is solenoidal vector

pit pig Fsk i j t

curl E J X E E E
F FL Fz

Iammeanng
curl E represent the angular velocity at any point
of the vector point function

Curl I 0 In national vector E

F my ZE t Zay I NE YAI
Find J E Jx E at 2 1,1

501 J E Yz 32 t n Lt y
p 2 1 1 J E 14
p
 FAE I J T

E
NE y't
xyz Zay
527 E sin
if 867 2777
jose ne 52 E

Iffley often
at
I J E NY I By 2x
z Ly
I
ay E E E a I Guy NZ

Fx E C DCD I F 21 1 J
PR 11
p
t 6141 1 21 D I

FAE p
E 3J 142
2 Show that the vector field F F setytE 3N yz is
in rotational

501 y zesty E 3m72

fatty E 3nyz sety'tE guyz 5

I
Etat y'tE 3nyz

E 322 3 y z I 38 322 I 322 3 ny E

I I
Tx E
I
35 327
E 35 322
i
f of
35 327 82 32 344
I of
32 374
I fu 35 327
f
35 3y 3y 3 I 37 32
3 if 3m 35
0
 show that J fer f m t
Ef r

where r Etta
some 5.5 02 F t
É

Sten E E E Fitz

r TETE
FE nitrite
22
In 2x

E
similarly
of F E E
fer fin In r
I
g firing
t tu f er of
get 82
n3
rftm
yt.la
i
Eff Ff f er
É
f er
of
f f er
Ff
er

f er
9ft fit f er

5 fin É
35
FYI atte
II sitting

m
3
II n
If
341
t er find
Min 25 t D
 Vector Integration
air vector field sad
circulation orders SMU A Mary align
UKInteral
line integral is an integral which is evaluated

along the curve

BE dr F it FzJ t Fs ti dai t dystdth

If F da t fade Fz d

If x alt y y t Z Z t are parametric

c
ego of carne

ftp.dr Fact of Fyet Ift Felt 1

Note
JI E Ar circulation
curve C
of E along the

E is irrational
close curve and E dir o
 where c is the
i y't or
E Zay
Find
E
to 1,2
22 my plane from 0,0
curve in the
y

7 222
E Buy i y j 2

di dnt des Fff

Also Ya 225 dye Gn da

duet dxJ
Je E di Bayi y
c

du J dy
my

32.22dm and gu da

623 1625 da
I
64 16
of
q 1 76 And
 E 2yd 2 I set Find Exdr along the

cost zest from t o to

curve n yes int z

Mr
I J t
se
SI Exar Ly Z
f
du dy dz

se du
I Edt n dy j 2yd t

I 2997 Z da

Given n cat du sintdt

ya Sint dye cost at

Z Zest dt 25in t dt

du 2yd tan
Fx di j 2yd t se the
if zdt nay

I zest 2s int dt cost est dt

I aint f aint dt cat fsintdt

th sintdt
zsinterstatt zesty
 i a sin at cst dt j y si n't t s int est do

th
e as in at Itc 9217 J 24 ca 2t e
f sin zDa

sin I SILI
fi
It LIE
f 291
41 It
Matt i
toy
if
o
i i
3

J 3 2 R2 o
YC
1
3 210 D 44

if 1
Ey ti J L t t
t
t

I 2 My J E A
2 Find E dr where 5 5 7 I 2m75 and

c is the rectangle in the my plane bounded

by Neo Naa Yzb 7 0

Somi y
a

_ÉIgÉAB ed b
2 0
7 5
Bears
N a
Or di Saif dt
II owny gala s n

the drtfj.deF

E Ar i duitdes
fay any

City da Zay dy

OA Y o 97 0 2 0 zeta

N a du 20
y o y b
AB

Be y b dy o N a 2 0

Co N o dn o
ya b 4 0
 i
S E Ar City da Zay dy
OA OA

Wto die Zn o dy

Isidor Nfl Ia

SABE'd't Ja City da Zay dy

atty o Zay dy

Job Zay dy za
E af
at

F dr City da Zay dy
Be

sit b dn o

31 51 fo of ta

ta

Scot di 2
City da Zay dy
co
 y o 210 Y dy O

yzb

E ar ta at tap to

f
i

E di Zab cans
I
particle in a
2 Find the work done in moving a
force field given by E 3 sey E 575 lost
along the curve na tht y zt Z E from
t a 1 to ta 2

da 57 dy t loud
W z
f
C
E di buy
N E't I du at dt

Eti 7 27 dy at at
i We
1,43 zt Zt at
Z E3 It 3 t'd t
513.3 that 10 th Ltd

W 918 5 unit
SOI

Parametric eq for the two

line passing through
points

EI 4 12
Al No B 11,57
Yo t

5 4 4 I C D 5 27

C 3 2 3 7
a b c

N Not at 4 1 3 t

Y Yo bt 4 at

Z Zo Ct 2 3 t

andnormaeiine

TYII.at
Of
Of Hoyo 27
a be
acn n tb y y Z Z o
tangent plane
line 2 Not at y Yotbt Z Zo te t
Normal
171 Surface Integral
An integral which is evacuated over the surface
s is called surface integral
Fz F I Fest F I vector point function
S is any surface in 3 D space

surface integral is defined as

E Ids
Is F dis or
I F Is or
Is
where d5 Nds
d
unit normal
vector to
surface s

f R be the projection of surface s on

my plane
then where
ads
If I
I E
adf.gg as
95
2 R YZ plane
E I 9197
Is E Nds D
3 same for R Zx plane I E N
Iffy
 E Nds where I 187 I 12543yd
I Find I
surface of the plane 22 37 67 12
and s is the

in first octant

o Carsten nie t dirt

First octant 3D
positive

se anis 7,7 0 22 12 I 2 6

AL 6 O O

se Z o 37 12 Yay
Yanis
BC O 4,0
t Z
Zanis MY so 67 12

C O O 27 Z
C 0,92
let ABC be the given plane
and suppose D 22 37 62 12 0

Y
B 0,47
Now Albion
5,3 41 1 1 a

25 35 61
i Jp Fai 845 841
 B 94,0

projection R my plane Go

917
ds

Sss E rids a
ftp.liszi izjtsyn ÉÉ't IT
36 18 y d n dy
I 36 Z

IS t 6 67 6 37 dray

2N 137 67 12
given
62 12 2x 37

221 37 6 37 Andy
ft E Nds a
f 12

dn
dy
I 6 2n y
B 94 37
12
2,1
warrant projection Coz my plane 6,90
9
do it X
SMF 2 0 o

so AB CRA eg 27 2K 137 12
 37 12 2k
y 1231
on the surface R limit of x n o 2 6

limit of
y yo yo 31
i IS Ends J 6 22dy da
constant
yga.am so lo a

ant shot constant limit

Note surface integral Saro emir
Arno K o n 6 At integration

Or variable limit at integration yup 251

371

a an
L
x
241

I
dx
213 n
1233

I 3 6 2 du
3
2

3 18 29
 If VolumeIntegraf
F F i EJ F I Vector point function
v volume

V is
volume Integration of F over

at
du IfSIF i t Est Fz ti dude
IF
Other forms of volume Integral
F E dr
flu dive du flu
E 25 3zi 2nyj gud
E Evaluate I t.edu
V is bounded by the
planes Nao ya 0 2 0

I and we 17 4
try
F F 9N 2n 22

t
22 du
Iff C 0 0,9

Lytta y
É Y
7
4 BIO so
A 2,0 0
X
 Ya
R my plane

ans
Nt Y
n
2 1ÉÉÉ
Y 2 n

2 2
here in volume v limits of se n o

CCO0,9
n
of y Y o
Y Z K
te
µ y
i
of z 2 0 2 4 2K 22
Bl
qq.gg
t
IIF
F ar 1,5 I zu da dy d't

I 12 22
1 dz du dy

9 2x 24 du dy
I 22

9 2n 24 Jay da
f 2n 12

In ay any 21 t du

2k 2 n 2 23 da
1222 2 n

9 2k Cz D da
1222 R n

i 151 F F du 813 Ans

 line integral in surface integral
It Lethem I convert ME
Let c be the continuous curve in
my plane and
R is the surface bounded by curve c then

du dy
ICF
I
dnt fade
I
circulation circulation
density Circgationx area

Using Green's
theorem to evaluate hey da t y'dy
where c is the closed path formed by ya x

and y 23 from 10,0 to lil

Y
y
soit
an

A il

y L
curve
Intersection of p and
y 23
2 23 232 0
Die
LR
y

x Rt 1 O
010o 1 o

K O N I I n

010,0 A lil

By Green's theorem
F Ny Fz y2
du dy
I
F die Eady D 8 87
 fo da dy 11 fan dady
1
2

here Ri the surface bounded by C and M R

limit se n o 2 1
yen
a

said g
se da
gg
dy
Liotta 010,0 1,0

I'f 1 a dy du

tx n 2 da

11,2 AI

QI Verify Green's theorem for Jefnyty dnt stay

where c is bounded and
by the curve y x

y set

sons Jeff dat Eady 14218 E Indy

22 9 2 yea
Fi my yh 2
W
f
2 0

8
22
It
0
sexy U 2 1
se O I
 5 dnt tidy
1 AC1,1

cigar
fallout 5
da t
tidy
010,0 1,0

folk 5 dnt sidy

I In

OA y n dy z 22dm

limit n N o 2 1

Ii Joa Ny 5 die trendy

2 2nd
situ dnt se

L a

limit N l 2 0
I
n
Along Ao y x dyad se

Sao my 5 die trendy

I
The set a da t sida
N I l

If 1 210
i L H s Ii Iz
Now
y 9g ff du dy act

Io Ent kn entry and 010,0 1,0

I N ay da
dy
N O Yan

du du
L knife 4

L my 2E jdx
se se
fu n n se dn

fee 2 Jan
Yao RHS
 Show that the area bounded by a simple closed
2
curve is
I Pandy y da

solid F E
Y N

811 1

Indy you D n
GC y dady

JI l C 1
dady
2A
2 1 Andy
A I fled y y da

Sof Green's theorem

I Mart Nay 1,2 82 Hy Andy

M 325 8 yr N Gy Guy
lay 81 by
a
In
LE 9 22 2 n
I

Next
010,0

RI JI Of dxdy

ly nf 6y C l6y dndy

loy Andy

LIKE d

se dx
51
se

E D
5 E E
312
 LI
Mda tody Mdr Ndy
indie N dy
L
curvef
babe lil
at 22dm
y a dy CL LIE Y n
se varies from O to 1
010,0 1,0

Sc M dnt Ndy
8yd dnt Cy Gaddy
flat
113k Sy dat fay Gay dy

327 824 die Ust 62 x 2x die

I
32 824 823 1224 da
I
I
n yl
CI Ift ry dnt Cy Gaddy adn a
2yd y
3rd su duty use
buggy adf.dz
da
I 3rd 8 da 2 32
 Jacklin 3dm
I

512

I Mdrtndy E 1 32
verified

b Its B
v
petya
ftp.syjdxt 9y 64 dY n

I I
I 4 0 N o 2 1
97 0

i
fN 0 sundae 3 33 1

2 0
2 1
E Y l N

dy da

80 at da n 641 n C dn
10332 346

53 1 83
 1 0
CI 4
YEE

ay ay 9 E 2

Ikr 8y2 dxt ay Guy dy 1 8 2 513

RAI 8 dredy
IS ft

L ft
da
my dy

E tax
5 1 a die

5
3
verified
 ay
papatay da t 2 34 2
n
a
Fi Zn tay 9
2

Ez 2x
3g E 2

fckn tay dnt 2x 34 dy

9 dn
k k dy

2 ftp.drdy
2 acid positive rotation
Area negative
8 IT
SOMI ay
M Many N My 3
É
an In any O
if
YI 82 8127 16 Bla
y
i
Y I y AC 2,4 BLU 4

du
MdrtNdy a
1,218 Of dy

It
dn dy
any c ans
L
VEN

L LET my an
an

121 missy
af turn

I 2 22585 da

458 II se be die

25k
458 n'kdu 458 EST
I
Prof
 E mo

IYII.li
e many
81 2 85 1
g n

JS andy
14 8 8
1 2 dady
fly
3 f mandy
3 XIX

312

R2 3
1,1 3 Andy i

123 A C 3 Indy 3 Xix 31

3 1 3 t 312 6
i
12 2
Qt

flindsetNdy g dredy u
v n
t

3 4 H 3
M 2n y If 342
Ne
sey ft y narcose
y r since
i
Iz f yt3y2 da
dy dad yard dr

I rsin 3rsince r da dr

It I f rsino 37 sing do dr
o

If If 3Esinododr
rsino

since
5 3 sire
I Tao

L size 27 1
3941 G D
do
 Go since do
f sing 26

o 11
3 f
cosa

11 1 2K L o o o
231
E
252 GOT
2
 177 Stokes Theorem

If F is
any differentiable vector point function
and s is a surface bounded by a curve c then

air IS curl E in ds
II
where n is unit normal vector at any point on s

is drawn in the sense in which a right handed

screw would move when rotated in the sense

of description of C

Green's theorem
Stokes theorem is a generalization of
Green's theorem 2D surface Plane
Stoke's n 3D surface

2 Verify Stoke's theorem pity i Zay 5

for E
taken around the rectangle bounded by the lines

N ta 7 0 Y b
CC a b Y b B b
some
me acy Cz n n a

g
DC a o 7 0 A AD
 AB G Be Cz CD G DA Cy

or txt ads
Stokes theorem
LF Is
E dr E di
I
E di E Ar
IF dirty tf
Now E dir 5 i any dm i t dy s

F Ir situ die Indy

4 4 0 dye o and se varies from a a ton a

da 0 ya b
Cz ne a o y z

a n a
Cz Ya b dy o a

a da so y z b y o
Cy na

f E Ar
Iida
a'ta 31

I
at
E Ar Zay dy La 125

53 5
Fitz 33 5.45
E ar
1
dx

Etta
2193 tab
 di b
IgE say ay
Laff z a o

abb

E dr at Labu ab yay

i o o 510 o
Txt
of
of
O
I I 2mm

sett Tty
any
G
If Ly Ly
9yd
since s is rectangle in my plane n L
ds du dy

and limits are

na a n a

O Y b
Yz
cc aid Bab
YE
me arcy azan a
s g
DC a o 7 0
7 0 A 9,0
 hi dady
I 5 5 ads
Ealy fay i

ay da dy
L
fifty
a
da

5 die
9.12

arm
25 fat
a

4 abu

i C H S R HS

Verify stokes for E RU JI

theorem YEI YEE
2
over the upper half surface of segytes bounded
by its projection on Xy plane
E n y
NATE I
te
SI t a
110,9
y 1,00 N

K Y 110
 7 0
C is the circle in my plane
s is the surface of sphere nitrites I in upper
half

E dr Cn 7 die y Ia y't dz
I y

nity I

f kn y dx
C Z o

5 1 si
dt o
d Y Ma
2 Yan a an

A
or
In Sino do
put n 1 case
Cbo do
y 1 since dy
limit D O D 25
D

since since do
die 2 car
fkn 7

É
care do
2 since car I Ci

0
f sinzo th Cay do

EE to sing
 3.64159 0.5

THE 120 surface s

consider f

I Txt n'as

JP a 2nd try It 272

1
a
Eff

É É
i
N Nit YJ ZI

R Ny plane projection

ds.gg Y df TxE

I I
87 iffy 527 821327
y I
5 821 57 82 Can D
any YE 57
ya 2nd
a
foal
 if 2yz 2yz J o
If D

Tx E ends I I nitysten 921

Jf
y z
day Spdndy

Area of 12

But 12 is a surface of circle in my plane

A I
Hada dy
A
EXE Nds
Sf
E di 51,15 5 aids verified
hence J
 He GaussDivergencetheaum
statement surface integral of F over the boundary
the normal

of a closed region is equal to the volume integral of the divergence

of F taken throughout the closed volume

Is E Nds 11115 F du

a unit normal vector to the surfaces and its

direction is obtained by right hand screw law

Note s
v

is
2 Using divergence theorem we evaluate surface integral
volume integral
using
2 Find 11 E Nds É ni y I E DK and s is

a closed surface bounded by the plane 7 0 2 1 and

the cylinder Nti 4 Also verify G D T

at
solid t I
As GDI
E Nds F E dr
S3 D
s Y
7 0

be
 27 22
J E I I

limits of volume v 2 0 7 1
N 2 N 2

It 5 9 Fa
y
Tay
J U n

y IF

171.27
dude dz
i
IS 15 E du

I E dude

S
na 2
y
JEFN
du
dy

Area of surface in my plane

TE 99

Alternative a Fda 4 Fr da
N 2

Now IVF die Event E sin

y
 a Event's sin
E

Sino
4 0 2
E 2

Go

IG E du 95

Now S site y in my plane 2 0

S2 sett y parallel to my plane 7 1

Sy curved surface of Wttg

F Nds Finds this F Nds

Is E ads off Is
ga L
I s in my plane
Ma K
as da dy Ig
limits n 2 N 2

Y Fr y F

Is F Nds i Yi E 1
If if dady
du dy
Is f 1
2 0
Jfs dady area of surface
ALI GA

SI Sitt Y 2 1 I L as du dy

limits n 2 2 2

D JE D a

Finds f CE D da dy o
Ds

831 Nt y't 02 4 suppose E

Tty 4 0

grad of 50 2nd try

2
14 É É
da
ds dy

Ils I Nds
Is
E J E
DIJINII andy

Is If da
dy

since s is a cylinder ayyy so

taking its polar form
sea r case ya rsino I du dy r do dr
 limit r 0 822
D O D 2 ZA

redo Tsin a rdr do

1 C 5 da dy
1 pcos
20

Please sin o drdo

1 1
que fr
do

27
I 1 ca 20

a sized

2 in ga sino
O

i
Jfs F Nds 0

J F dv
S E Nds z O to ya ya 11
verified
22 Verify GDT for F wit ZI yet taken over
the cube bounded
by se o 2 1 y o
7 1 7 0,2 1
Z
some here v is a volume of a
Cube ABCDEFO and
I
D 10.1.1
F sis surface of curse

joy
a

having 6 Surface
c o.o A
S OABC Sy A BEF

K Sz DE FG 552 BEDE
S3 OCDa SG AOGF

GD T Jls Finds fluff E du

F 5 22 tot y 2nty
O N l
limit n
0 Y l
4
2 0 Z l

1 if
2kt da dude
116 F du

Katy dray
any E odu
 die
2x 1
312

F Nds
Now
Is E Nds Is
S N hi ds da
dy
2 0 2 1

Y O Y l

I
Finds d andy
Is Iowitzjtyzi
97 dady

dn dy
If
o o
2 0
Ny
plane

similarly oraznror.gr
 Evaluate
Iffley 2 dy dz Zay dz dat z du dy over the
surface of a cube bounded by the co ordinate planes and
the planes 1 Divergence Theorem
say z a
by
ii Direct Interation
g
some G b t I E Nds If FE du za
a

Epe yz i Ey I ZI a
Y
F F 322 224 I Nt a

SSS Et Ddr

L Sy Éoetddadydt
a
zits
nipa dray
a
Gta
Gta Ans

surfaceintegration z a
C B
Is Finds D
O
E

A Sy
G F

K
L
surface D DEFG se Ia mi d sa dy dz
ii o ABC se o n i ds dy dz
Iii ABEF Y a N J ds dude
in OCD G y so n j as die dz
D O AFG 2 0 n hi ds du
dy
Vi B CDE 7 9 N K ds da
dy
É pis z i
y Ey I ZI
D DEEG
If E Nds 7 0
ja
2 0
y z dy dz

azz y
E Jay

L a
Eat ay

a'y ta E
ta as
a
af
ii oABC Sf I Nds
f I yzdydt L y Edy
E E Y
iii J E
AB EF
pi yz i my J Zk
yea n ds dude

Ds Finds kata and t

esta a du

La
t
231 at 251

F
in OC DG Yao n j As dude Pe y z i
my J t z 2

Is E Nds o

V O AFG 2 0 n hi ds du
dy
Finds d
Sf ly f
2 Indy Z o

Vi K ds F Pe y z I 2mg I z 2
B CDE Z a N
dady
a.at a3
Sls E Nds I ly oZdxdy
 a'ta
i
IE nds a
f 3
Eta

2 Verity G D T for E Uni 255 Ek for the cylinder

Wtt Y Z o and 2 3 at
2 3
S3
sold
S
F du
GDT
Il E rids
Jyj 2 0
2 Yg
F 5 9 44 27
k

limits 2 2 2 2 Wtf Y
se En y ten y Ive
2 0 2 3
In 3

z.ok 4yt2z dndydt

DIG F
draft.ly
i

gg
In
yyztz.EIdnd
I.ir y F si
qz
 I Egg 112 try to andy

L ÉÉ 21
ky andy

II fly
da
Gy 2L
211 61 J
a 717

Ey WIFE
an

3 7 F Un 7N Kanyon
n 2

LIFE
6 d
Az
AI A
E 2A

42
N
2

2
Fav an Alfie
42 ZA 84 A
Now
JJ E Nds EA Nds effs I Rds
g III
I hi ds dese E Gri 25J ten
2 0
dy
E
E Nds I
o

If Andy

SI 2 3 I kids dady
32 15.24 365
11,32dmdy
III
Nds

um she y y
let D set 5 4 0

EF
E Gri 25J Eh
F n 9N 243

Ln y
Now we take polar co ordinates
ds dy dz
 dog
do dz

TTY

E Nds
Y
K 2 Cos
2sino H
212105072 since 2dodt
1
score 85in 3 do
L
98T

E Nds 369 985 84 A

i
If
 g E 3
2
1 342 1 327 1

1
3 KYTE
source J E O

Wtyte I

sink J E co

sits test

2 Find Sf Finds where I anti 5jtyzk

and s is the surface of a cube bounded by 2 0 2 1

4 0
y 1 2 0 2 1

SOI IS Finds If E dr

J E at Gt
2yty y

ISSA F die
I Jj light y dredydt
 E dude
L ly ya

I 227 52 du dy

la g andy

In ay E to die

12 1 dr

1 312

J E Nds 312
 E any it YET net
E n'as 11115 F du
If F E t z't n
Ly

I fi Etr dredydt
oky

yt 347 at
L S andy

3 n da
In ly by 9
dy

In 614 94 3nA Jan

3117 32 die
L 9

1255 31945
12127 29
24 6 30
 Za
b F F du

y Er and at
15
I I Cy z te't ng É du dy

t É se
E andy
Ji ly fay
da dy
Ey f MED
I f fy co n t a

d
Ey C My Eco y y
n

I G D E
6
DL J t Ey G D 34 Eco a
3g an
81 Sy

31