Solution

PRE-BOARD EXAMINATION XII CHEMISTRY

Class 12 - Chemistry
Section A
1.
(b) 1-Bromo-2,2-dimethylpropane.
Explanation:
neo-Pentyl bromide is (CH3)3CCH2Br. C attached to Br is given position 1, so 2 -CH3 groups are placed on 2nd C of the
propane (parent chain).
Therefore, the IUPAC name of neo-Pentyl bromide 1-Bromo-2,2-dimethylpropane.

2.
(d) α– Aminoacid
Explanation:
Proteins are the polymers of α-amino acids. So building unit of a protein is α – Aminoacid.

3. (a) 1-aminoethane

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Explanation: 1-aminoethane
4.
(d) 3-methylphenol
Explanation:
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-OH is a functional group and -CH3 is the substituent.

S

We start numbering from the side of the main functional group -OH.
IUPAC name: 3-methyl phenol
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5. (a) -k
Explanation:
The slope in the plot of [R] Vs. time for a zero-order reaction is −k.
6.
(c) (a) - (iv), (b) - (iii), (c) - (ii), (d) - (i)
Explanation:
(a) - (iv), (b) - (iii), (c) - (ii), (d) - (i)

7.
(c) CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3
Explanation:
When alkanes larger than ethane are halogenated, isomeric products are formed.

8.
(b) D – 2 – deoxy ribose
Explanation:
Complete hydrolysis of DNA yields a pentose sugar, phosphoric acid and nitrogen containing heterocyclic compounds (called
bases). In DNA molecules, the sugar moiety is β-D-2-deoxyribose.

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 9.
(c) Decomposition of nitrogen pentoxide
Explanation:
Decomposition of N2O5 is 1st order reaction as follows

as we know slow step is the rate-determining step, rate =k[N2O5]

10.
(d) Wolff – Kishner reduction
Explanation:
This is Wolff Kishner reduction of Carbonyls to alkanes. Wolff kishner reaction uses hydrazine ( NH2-NH2) and conc base like
NaOH or KOH for reduction of carbonyl to alkanes.

11. (a) Ethoxyethane

Explanation:

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12. (a) N – nitrosoamines
Explanation:
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Secondary amines react with nitrosonium ion to form N-nitrosoamine.

CH3-NH-CH3 (CH3)2-N-N=O
S
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13. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
NH3-CH3-COOH is a typical -amino acid. In solution it exists as, internal sait or zwitter ion,

(NH3-CH2-COO-)

because the proton (H+) of -COOH group is captured by -NH2 group as NH2 has a lone pair of electrons on N atom.

14.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
The carbonyl group is a highly polar group as the -electrons of the double bond are shifted to the more electronegative
oxygen atom.

15. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Due to steric hindrance, tertiary haloalkanes do not prefer to undergo substitution but instead undergo elimination.

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16.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

Section B
17. a. Osmotic pressure is measured at room temperature/molarity of the solution is used instead of molality/as compared to other
colligative properties its magnitude is large even for a very dilute solution.
b. Aquatic animal are more comfortable in cold water than in warm water due to solubility of oxygen is higher at a lower
temperature.
c. KCl being strong electrolyte dissociates into two moles of ions but sugar will not dissociate/for KCl, i = 2 and for sugar, i = 1.
18. Transition metals can act as catalysts because these can change their oxidation state. The reaction between iodide and persulphate
ions catalyzes by Fe is as follows:
Fe III
I S O I SO
Role of Fe(III) ions:
2Fe3+ + 2I- 2Fe2+ + I2

19. Answer the following:

5
(i)
(Reactants) (Product)

Rate of reaction

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(ii) For a first order reaction, the equation is :

A constant value of k justify's the first order of the reaction.

20. We have given: , , , ,
20

,
More negative the value of standard electrode potential of metal, more it has the tendency to oxidise (Reducing agent)
itself.
S

Ag < Cu < Fe < Cr < Mg < K

OR
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k=

Scm-1 =

= 1.5 10-4 1200 cm-1

= 0.18 cm-1

= cm2 mol-1
= cm2 mol-1
= 150 cm2 mol-1 or 150 S cm2 mol-1
21. i. Wolff Kishner reduction

ii. Cannizzaro reaction

Section C
22. i. Oxidation half cell reaction; Ni(s) Ni2+ (aq) + 2e- (At anode)
Reduction half cell reaction; 2Ag+(aq) + 2e- + 2Ag(s) (At cathode)

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 Overall cell reaction; Ni (s) + 2Ag+ (aq) Ni2+ (aq) + 2Ag (s); Therefore, = +0.80 V - (-0.25 V)
= 1.05 V
ii. By applying Nernst equation, we have;
Ecell = Eocell -

=
cell

=
= 1.05 + 0.0295 = 1.0795 V.
23. The overall complex dissociation equilibrium constant is the reciprocal of the overall stability constant, =

(i) R2 H 2
24. i. CH3 CH = CH2 CH3 CH2 CH2 OH
(ii) H 2 O 2 / OH 1 - Propanol

ii.

-2 5
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OR
20

i.
S

ii.

25. 1. Rosenmund reduction: Acyl chloride is hydrogenated over a catalyst, palladium on barium sulphate. This reaction is called
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Rosenmund Reaction.

Ethanoyl chloride

2. Tollen's reagent: On warming an aldehyde with freshly prepared ammonical silver nitrate solution (Tollen's reagent), a bright
silver mirror is produced due to the formation of silver metal. The aldehydes are oxidised to corresponding carboxylate anion.
The reaction occurs in alkaline medium.

26. For the electrochemical cell,

Half cell reactions are:
At cathode(Reduction):

At Anode(Oxidation):

The cell reaction is

(Here n=6)
Standard emf of the reaction is:

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 = -0.25V - (-1.66V) = 1.41V
From Nernst equation, we have,

27. The reactivity for reactivity follows the order:

i.

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IV shows maximum reactivity because the carbocation is stabilised by resonance (conjugation from double bond). I is least

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reactive because the carbocation is least stable, being linked to double bond directly.
ii. CH2 = CHBr < CH3CH2Br < CH3CH(Br)CH3 < CH2 = CHCH(Br)CH3 is the increasing order of reactivity towards SN1
reactions. This is again based upon the stability of the carbocation. Vinyl carbocation will be least stable due to partial double
bond character of the C-Br bond whereas the most reactive compound gives the most stable carbocation due to resonance.
02
iii. is the increasing order of reactivity towards
S2

SN1 reactions. The compound having a benzene ring gives the most stable carbocation due to resonance.

28. The decomposition of azoisopropane to hexane and nitrogen at 543 K is represented by the equation given below:
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After time, t, total pressure,

Therefore,
For a first order reaction,

When t = 360 s,

When t = 720 s,

Hence, the average value of rate constant is

Section D
29. i. Lactose
ii. Globular protein
iii. Sucrose
OR

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 Guanine
30. i. F-
ii. =
iii. a.
b.
OR
For [FeF6]4-, n = 4, Magnetic moment = 4. 89BM.
Section E
31. Attempt any five of the following:
(i)

(ii) a. 8MnO2 + + 2OH-

b. 2Mn2+ + 8H2O + 10CO2

(iii)Much larger third ionisation energy of (Manganese) Mn (where the required change is d5 to d4 ) is mainly responsible
for this. This also explains why the +3 state of Mn is of little importance.

5
(iv)Chromite ore (FeCr2O4) and pyrolusite ore(MnO2).
(v) i. Due to absence of unpaired electrons
ii. Due to high and low
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(vi)Fusion of chromite ore (FeCr2O4) with sodium or potassium carbonate in free access of air to form sodium chromate
4 FeCr2O4 + 8 Na2CO3 + 7 O2 8 Na2CrO4 + 2 Fe2O3 + 8 CO2
On acidification of Sodium chromate with sulphuric acid to form sodium dichromate
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2 Na2CrO4 + 2 H+ Na2Cr2O7 + 2 Na+ + H2O

(vii)V2O5 act as a catalyst because vanadium can exists in multiple oxidation states.
32. According to Raoult's law, the partial vapour pressure of each volatile component in any solution is directly proportional to its
S

mole fraction. The solutions which obey Raoult's law over the entire range of concentration are known as ideal solutions. The
solutions that do not obey Raoult's law (non-ideal solutions) have vapour pressures either higher or lower than that predicted by
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Raoult's law. If the vapour pressure is higher,(ie A....B interaction is less than A...A and B...B interaction) then the solution is said
to exhibit positive deviation, and if it is lower(A...B interaction is more than A...A and B...B interaction), then the solution is said
to exhibit negative deviation from Raoult's law.

Vapour pressure of a two-component solution showing positive deviation from Raoult's law

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 Vapour pressure of a two-component solution showing negative deviation from Raoult's law.
In the case of an ideal solution, the enthalpy of the mixing of the pure components for forming the solution is zero.
Sol H = 0
In the case of solutions showing positive deviations, absorption of heat takes place.
Therefore, Sol H = Positive
In the case of solutions showing negative deviations, evolution of heat takes place.
Therefore, Sol H = Negative
OR
i. Density of solution = 1.038 cm3
Mass of 100 cm3 of solution = 1.038 100 = 103.8 g

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Mass of NaOH in 100 cm3 solution = 4g
Mass of water = 103.8 - 4.0 = 99.8 g
Number of moles of NaOH (nA) = 1.0 mol
Number of moles of water (nB) = 5.54 mol
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Mole fraction of NaOH XA
20

ii. Molarity of NaOH solution

Mass of per litre of solution
=1M
Molecular mass of
iii. Mass of NaOH in 99.8 g of water = 4.0 g
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Mass of NaOH in 1000 g of water

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= 40.08 g
Molality of NaOH solution
Mass of per of water
Molecular mass of

= 1.002 mol kg-1

33. i. C6H6 + N2 + H3PO3 + HCl

ii.

iii. + Br2 + 4NaOH

Methylamine

OR
I. i. Aniline gets protonated and is deactivated/Aniline on protonation forms anilinium ion which is meta-directing therefore it
give good amount of m-nitroaniline.
ii. Due to combination of inductive effect and solvation effect.

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 iii. Ammonolysis of alkyl halide is not a good method to prepare pure primary amine because it forms a mixture of amines
that is difficult to separate.
II. i. R - NH2 + CHCl3 + NaOH RNC + 3NaCl + H2O
ii.

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S 20
TR

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