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2) Introduction To Control Systems

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19 views17 pages

2) Introduction To Control Systems

Uploaded by

Sharath Jonnala
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Control System

Dr. Lekshmi R. R.
Asst. Prof.
Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering
Amrita School of Engineering
Coimbatore
1
Control Theory
• Control theory
• Branch of mathematics
• Deals with
– design of machinery and
– other engineering systems
• so that these systems work, and work better than
before.

• Without control theory designer can bring out desired


output through trial and error method.
Dr. Lekshmi R. R. 2
Control System
• Mechanism that modulate the behaviour of system
to achieve the desired results.

Input Output
System
How do I To get desired
change?

UNDERSTAND THE SYSTEM IN ITS BASIC LEVEL


Dr. Lekshmi R. R. 3
Open Loop Control System

Input Output
Plant

• Plant: System to be controlled


• Input acts on plant
– Plant responds by producing output

Dr. Lekshmi R. R. 4
Open Loop Control System

Time Clean Dishes

Dr. Lekshmi R. R. 5
Open Loop Control System

Time Moisture soil

Dr. Lekshmi R. R. 6
Open Loop Control System

Drive at desired speed


Accelerator
Position

• Plant: Car
• Car accelerate on smooth surface till
– Force applied = Force
Dr. Lekshmi R. R.
of friction 7
Open Loop Control System

Maintained Desired speed cannot


Accelerator be maintained
Position

• Input is nowhere to compensate for various system


variations
• To account for these variations, input must be varied
wrt to output Dr. Lekshmi R. R. 8
Closed Loop Control System

Reference +
Error Output
Controller Plant
-

Sensor

Dr. Lekshmi R. R. 9
Closed Loop Control System

Time Clean Dishes


Desired + Error
Controller
cleanliness-
level

Clean Sensor

Dr. Lekshmi R. R. 10
Closed Loop Control System

Time Moisture soil


Desired + Error
Controller
moisture -
level

Water Sensor

Dr. Lekshmi R. R. 11
Closed Loop Control System

Desired speed
Desired + Error Accelerator
- Controller Position
Speed

Speedometer

Dr. Lekshmi R. R. 12
Classification of Control Systems
Based on Feedback Path
Open loop system
Input Output
Plant

Closed loop system


Reference +
Error Output
Controller Plant
-

Sensor
Dr. Lekshmi R. R. 13
Open loop control system Vs Closed
loop control system

Open loop control system Closed loop control system


Feedback path is not present Feedback path is present
Easy design Complicate design
Economical Costly
Control action is independent Control action is dependent of
of the desired output the desired output
Classification of Control Systems
Based on the number of inputs and outputs

• SISO (Single Input and Single Output) control


systems
– One input
– One output
• MIMO (Multiple Inputs and Multiple
Outputs) control systems
– More than one input
– More than one output
Classification of Control Systems
Based on the type of the signal employed

• Continuous time control system


– all signals are continuous in time
• Discrete time control system
– there exists one or more discrete time signals
Thank you

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