Jurnal Ekonomi

Volume 13, Number 02, 2024, DOI 10.54209/ekonomi.v13i02

ESSN 2721-9879 (Online)
https://ejournal.seaninstitute.or.id/index.php/Ekonomi

Implementing Agile Scrum in Dental Clinic Finance Software Devel-

opment

Denny Jean Cross Sihombing

Information System Study Program, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia

Article Info ABSTRACT

Keywords: This research addresses a crucial problem in the financial management
Finance Software, of dental clinics in the digital era, requiring effective solutions to en-
Agile Methodology, hance efficiency and quality of dental healthcare services. The Agile
Dental Clinics. Scrum methodology is implemented in the development of financial
software for dental clinics as a responsive and adaptive solution to the
complexity of financial processes, limited financial resources, and the
need for real-time monitoring. Through a combination of qualitative
interviews with stakeholders and quantitative data analysis, this study
evaluates the effectiveness of Agile Scrum in addressing financial
management challenges faced by dental clinics. The research findings
indicate that the implementation of Agile Scrum in financial software
development has made a significant contribution by improving opera-
tional efficiency, accuracy of financial management, and user satisfac-
tion, thereby making an important contribution to enhancing the quali-
ty of dental healthcare services.
This is an open access article Corresponding Author:
under theCC BY-NClicense Denny Jean Cross Sihombing
Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia
Jakarta, Indonesia
[email protected]

INTRODUCTION
In today's digital era, the financial management of dental clinics has become increasingly
crucial, with software as a critical element in enhancing the efficiency and quality of dental
healthcare services(Bhat et al., 2023; Das et al., 2021; Mahdi et al., 2023). Modern dental
clinics rely not only on software for patient management and medical records but also on
financial aspects. One of the significant challenges in dental clinic financial management is
its complex processes. This management involves various aspects, such as patient payment
processing, insurance billing, inventory management, and operational cost management.
This complexity can make tracking and managing all financial transactions difficult. Addi-
tionally, dental clinics require a real-time system that can monitor financial performance,
including revenue analysis, expenses, and service profitability(Al-Hassan & AlQahtani,
2019; Chau et al., 2024; Cheng et al., 2023; Montoya et al., 2023; Ramli et al., 2023;
Sachedina et al., 2023; Shu et al., 2024; Song et al., 2024).
Dental clinics also often need more financial resources, including budgets for soft-
ware development. This limitation can restrict their access to sophisticated and comprehen-
sive financial management solutions, leading them to rely on less efficient manual solu-
tions. Therefore, they need solutions that can automate processes, enhance accuracy, and

Implementing Agile Scrum in Dental Clinic Finance Software Development–Denny Jean

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 Jurnal Ekonomi
Volume 13, Number 02, 2024, DOI 10.54209/ekonomi.v13i02
ESSN 2721-9879 (Online)
https://ejournal.seaninstitute.or.id/index.php/Ekonomi

reduce the risk of human errors. It is crucial for dental clinics to adopt the right technologi-
cal solutions, including the development of responsive, adaptive, and tailored financial
software. The implementation of Agile Scrum in the development of financial software for
dental clinics is not just relevant, but it also holds the potential to significantly enhance effi-
ciency, accuracy, and compliance with financial regulations(Alami et al., 2022, 2023; Al-
meida et al., 2022; Estrada-Esponda et al., 2024; Hasan et al., 2013; Meiliana et al., 2023;
Michalides et al., 2023).
Traditional methodologies in software development, such as the Waterfall Model,
have limitations(Lee et al., 2022; Leong et al., 2023; Najihi et al., 2022; Suharto et al.,
2018). This needs to be more responsive to user needs and involve low user and developer
engagement. Hence, the Agile approach in software development becomes a more adap-
tive and collaborative solution(Al-Saqqa et al., 2020; Bomström et al., 2023; Dingsoeyr et
al., 2019; Mishra & Alzoubi, 2023; Rindell et al., 2021; Santos et al., n.d.; Shrivastava &
Rathod, 2014). One popular Agile approach is Scrum, emphasizing iterative and incremen-
tal product development through regularly scheduled sprints. This approach is relevant in
dental clinics, particularly in developing financial software.
However, the implementation of Agile Scrum may also face specific challenges, such
as managing frequent user requirement changes, team adaptation to new methodologies,
and accurate performance measurement. This underscores the relevance and criticality of
research on the application of Agile Scrum in developing software for dental clinics. This
study aims to explore the implementation of Agile Scrum in developing financial software
for dental clinics, identifying benefits, challenges, and lessons learned from applying this
methodology. The goal is to develop practical guidelines that can be readily applied to im-
prove efficiency and quality in developing dental healthcare software through a more adap-
tive and responsive Agile approach.

METHODS
This research involves four main stages as depicted in Figure 1: Requirement Definition,
Planning, Development, and Functional Testing and User Acceptance Analysis. The Re-
quirement Definition stage focuses on conducting comprehensive user needs analysis, in-
cluding stakeholder interviews and documentation of user stories and functional require-
ments. A detailed project plan is created in the Planning stage, including resource alloca-
tion, schedule, budget estimation, and backlog prioritization. Development involves iterative
programming based on specifications, with regular code reviews and daily meetings to en-
sure progress and quality. Finally, the Functional Testing and User Acceptance Analysis
stage entails thorough testing to ensure functionality, usability, and alignment with user
requirements before implementation. These stages are crucial for applying the Agile Scrum
methodology in developing customized financial software for dental clinics, aiming to im-
prove efficiency, accuracy, and user satisfaction in managing clinic finances.

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 Jurnal Ekonomi
Volume 13, Number 02, 2024, DOI 10.54209/ekonomi.v13i02
ESSN 2721-9879 (Online)
https://ejournal.seaninstitute.or.id/index.php/Ekonomi

Figure 1. Research Stages

Requirement Definition
The first and crucial stage in software development is Requirement Definition. This
stage lays the groundwork for the entire process, involving a comprehensive analysis of
user needs. It includes interviews with stakeholders such as dentists, clinic administrators,
and finance staff to grasp their requirements and expectations for the software. Documen-
tation in user stories, use cases, and functional requirements is detailed to specify the func-
tional and non-functional requirements needed in software development.
Planning
In the Planning stage, the main activity is to create a comprehensive project plan. This
includes identifying necessary resources such as personnel, time, and budget and develop-
ing a project plan that covers activity scheduling, resource allocation, cost estimation, and
milestone determination. Furthermore, a product backlog is compiled as a list of features
and functions to be developed along with their priorities, ensuring a clear focus on goals
throughout the software development process.
Development
The Development stage, a dynamic and iterative process, is where software devel-
opment takes place. In the Agile Scrum methodology, this activity is conducted iteratively in
the form of sprints. Development teams engage in coding and programming based on pre-
viously established specifications and requirements. Code review processes and daily
stand-up meetings are also conducted to ensure quality, consistency, and progress aligned
with the pre-defined plan.
Functional Testing and User Acceptance Analysis
Finally, the Functional Testing and User Acceptance Analysis stage is the final testing
and evaluation phase before the software is deemed ready for use. Test cases that have

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 Jurnal Ekonomi
Volume 13, Number 02, 2024, DOI 10.54209/ekonomi.v13i02
ESSN 2721-9879 (Online)
https://ejournal.seaninstitute.or.id/index.php/Ekonomi

been developed are tested to ensure that the software functions as expected without sig-
nificant bugs or errors. Users play a pivotal role in the user acceptance testing phase, eval-
uating usability, performance, and software compliance with their needs. The results of
testing and user feedback are used to analyze whether the software meets user expecta-
tions and requirements or requires additional adjustments and improvements before wide-
spread implementation.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Requirements Definition
The results of the Requirement Definition stage have yielded several significant outcomes:
A comprehensive user requirements analysis is the cornerstone of our progress in the Re-
quirement Definition stage. This crucial step has allowed us to delve deep into the needs
and expectations of our users, forming the bedrock of our software development process. It
has involved identifying both functional and non-functional requirements that are pivotal
for our users. Successful interviews with stakeholders such as dentists, clinic administra-
tors, and finance staff have been conducted. These interviews have effectively identified the
requirements, considering each stakeholder's diverse perspectives and interests. We have
compiled detailed documentation as a testament to our commitment to transparency and
clarity. This documentation, comprising user stories, use cases, and functional require-
ments, is a comprehensive roadmap for our software development process. It ensures the
development team has a shared vision and a clear understanding of the software's re-
quirements. These documents provide a clear overview of the software's functional and
non-functional requirements. Lastly, team meetings have been held to validate and clarify
requirements with the development team members. This ensures a precise understanding
of user needs, and the development team has a shared vision in developing the software
according to the established requirements as shown in Table 1.
Tabel 1. Results of defining requirements
Data Source Results
Comprehensive user re- Achieved a deep understanding of user needs and expecta-
quirements analysis tions regarding the software being developed. This includes
identifying both functional and non-functional requirements
essential for users.
Successful interviews with Conducted successful interviews with stakeholders such as
stakeholders dentists, clinic administrators, and finance staff. These in-
terviews effectively identified the necessary requirements,
considering the diverse perspectives and interests of each
stakeholder.
Detailed documentation in- Compiled detailed documentation comprising user stories,
cluding user stories, use cas- use cases, and functional requirements, providing a clear
es, and functional require- overview of the functional and non-functional requirements
ments to be met by the software being developed.
Validation and clarification of Held team meetings to validate and clarify requirements

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 Jurnal Ekonomi
Volume 13, Number 02, 2024, DOI 10.54209/ekonomi.v13i02
ESSN 2721-9879 (Online)
https://ejournal.seaninstitute.or.id/index.php/Ekonomi

Data Source Results

requirements through team with development team members, ensuring a precise un-
meetings derstanding of user needs and a shared vision for software
development in line with established requirements.

Planning
The Planning stage in developing software for dental clinics has yielded several cru-
cial outcomes as shown in Figure 2. Firstly, successfully identifying resources required for
development, including personnel with appropriate skills, allocation of time, and realistic
budget estimation, has been achieved. This aims to ensure the smooth progress of the pro-
ject by having the right resources in place and effectively managed. Secondly, a compre-
hensive project plan has been created, encompassing precise scheduling of activities, effec-
tive resource allocation, accurate cost estimation, and establishing project milestones to
provide a clear direction in achieving project objectives. A detailed product backlog has
been compiled, listing features and functionalities to be developed along with their priori-
ties. This is to ensure a focused approach to developing the most critical features and effec-
tively meeting user needs. Lastly, sprint planning meetings with the development team
have been conducted to plan the first sprint meticulously, select backlog items to work on,
and set specific sprint goals. This structured approach helps organize and direct develop-
ment efforts efficiently and measurably toward project success.

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 Jurnal Ekonomi
Volume 13, Number 02, 2024, DOI 10.54209/ekonomi.v13i02
ESSN 2721-9879 (Online)
https://ejournal.seaninstitute.or.id/index.php/Ekonomi

Figure 2 The Planning Phase

Development
The results of the Development stage as shown in Figure 3 in software development
are as follows. Firstly, the development team applies the Agile Scrum methodology by
conducting sprint development iterations. A sprint is a defined period during which the
team works to complete a set of tasks identified in the product backlog. Secondly, the team
performs coding and programming based on the specifications and requirements estab-
lished during the planning stage. They ensure that the developed code adheres to quality
standards and meets the functional and non-functional requirements.
Furthermore, regular code reviews are conducted to ensure quality and consistency in
the developed code as shown in Figure 3. This involves reviewing each other's code to
identify and fix bugs and ensuring that the code is well-documented and easily understood
by other team members. Lastly, daily stand-up meetings are held where the development

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 Jurnal Ekonomi
Volume 13, Number 02, 2024, DOI 10.54209/ekonomi.v13i02
ESSN 2721-9879 (Online)
https://ejournal.seaninstitute.or.id/index.php/Ekonomi

team provides updates on progress, addresses any obstacles encountered, and updates
plans as necessary. This helps maintain effective communication among team members
and ensures that the project progresses according to plan.

Figure 3 Development Phase

Figure 3 illustrates the Development stage in software development, focusing on im-

plementing the Agile Scrum methodology. The diagram depicts an iterative development
process through sprints, coding based on specifications and requirements, regular code re-
views for quality assurance, and daily meetings for progress updates. This diagram empha-
sizes the structured and collaborative approach taken during the development phase, high-
lighting the importance of continuous improvement, code quality, and effective communica-
tion within the development team.

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 Jurnal Ekonomi
Volume 13, Number 02, 2024, DOI 10.54209/ekonomi.v13i02
ESSN 2721-9879 (Online)
https://ejournal.seaninstitute.or.id/index.php/Ekonomi

Functional Testing and User Acceptance

The Functional Testing and User Acceptance Analysis stage results demonstrate sig-
nificant achievements in software development. The development team successfully devel-
oped test cases that align with the predefined functional and non-functional requirements.
During the functional testing phase, the team verified that the software operated as ex-
pected, and no significant bugs or errors that could disrupt system performance were
found. Additionally, through User Acceptance Testing (UAT), users were directly involved
in the testing process to evaluate the software's usability, performance, and alignment with
their needs. The results of the testing and feedback from users provide valuable insights for
the development team to evaluate the quality and effectiveness of the software. Thus, this
stage assures that the software has undergone thorough testing and is ready for wide-
spread implementation, with the expectation of providing optimal benefits to end users.

CONCLUSION
Implementing Agile Scrum in dental clinic finance software development significantly en-
hances efficiency, accuracy, and compliance with financial regulations. The Agile Scrum
methodology enables rapid iterations through sprints, allowing for more responsive ad-
justments to user and stakeholder needs. The Requirement Definition stage aids in better
understanding user requirements, while the Planning stage facilitates efficient resource al-
location. The Development stage utilizes sprints and code reviews to ensure high-quality
code, while the Functional Testing and User Acceptance Analysis stage ensures software
quality and usability before widespread implementation. Thus, this research provides prac-
tical guidelines for optimizing dental clinic finance software development through an adap-
tive and responsive Agile approach.

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ESSN 2721-9879 (Online)
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