CBSE Test Paper 05

Chapter 14 Oscillations

1. The displacement of a particle executing S.H.M is given by y=0.25 sin 200 t cm. The
maximum speed of the particle is
a. 200 cm/sec
b. 0.25 cm/sec
c. 100 cm/sec
d. 50 cm/sec

2. For a particle executing simple harmonic motion represented by x (t)= A cos ( + )

, then the acceleration a(t) is given by

a. a(t) = -
b. a(t) = x(t)
c. a(t) = - 2 x(t)
d. a(t) = - x(t)

3. The damped natural frequency of a Damped system is

a. same as natural frequency

b. none of these
c. higher than natural frequency
d. lower than natural frequency
4. Two pendulums of length I meter and 16 meters start vibrating one behind the other
from the same stand. At some instant the two are in the mean position in the same
phase. The time period of shorter pendulum is T. The minimum time after which the
two threads of the pendulums will be one behind the other is
a. T/4
b. 4T/3
c. T/3
d. 2T/5
5. A particle executes S.H.M along a straight line with amplitude ‘A’. The potential
energy is maximum when the displacement is

1/9
 a. A
b. Zero
c. A
d. A/2

6. What is the phase relationship between displacement, velocity and acceleration in

SHM?

7. Give some practical examples of S.H.M?

8. The piston in the cylinder head of a locomotive has a stroke (twice the amplitude) of
1.0m. If the piston moves with simple harmonic motion with an angular frequency of
200 rad/min, what is its maximum speed?

9. A mass of 2 kg is suspended from a vertical spring. An additional force of 2.5 N

stretched it by 1 cm.

i. Calculate the force constant.

ii. Calculate the frequency of oscillations if the spring is stretched by the given force
and then released.

10. A point describes S.H.M. in a line 6 cm long. Its velocity, when passing through the
centre of line is 18 cms. Find the time period.

11. A particle is executing SHM of amplitude A. At what displacement from the mean
position does the energy become half kinetic and half opotential energy?

12. A 5 kg collar is attached to a spring of spring constant 500 Nm-1. It slides without
friction over a horizontal rod. The collar is displaced from its equilibrium position by
10.0 cm and released. Calculate

i. the period of oscillation,

ii. the maximum speed and
iii. maximum acceleration of the collar.

13. Two particles execute SHM of the same amplitude and frequency along close parallel
lines. They pass each other moving in opposite directions, each time their

2/9
 displacements is half of their amplitudes. What is their phase difference?

14. A particle is moving with SHM in a straight line. When the distance of the particle
from mean position has values x1 and x2 the corresponding values of velocities are v1

and v2. Show that the time period of oscillation is given by:

15. Fig. (a) shows a spring of force constant k clamped rigidly at one end and a mass m
attached to its free end. A force F applied at the free end stretches the spring. Fig. (b)
shows the same spring with both ends free and attached to a mass m at either end.
Each end of the spring in Fig. (b) is stretched by the same force F

i. What is the maximum extension of the spring in both the cases?

ii. If the mass in Fig. (a) and the two masses in Fig. (b) are released, then what is the
period of oscillation in each case?

3/9
 CBSE Test Paper 05
Chapter 14 Oscillations

Answer

1. d. 50 cm/sec
Explanation: Given y= 0.25 sin(200t) compare this equation with the standard
equation y = A sin wt
amplitude A = 0.25 cm
w = 200
vmax = wA

vmax = 200 0.25

vmax = 50 cm/s

2. d. a(t) = - x(t)
Explanation: Displacement of particle is given by
x (t) = A cos ( + ),
then,velocity v(t)

Now,acceleration a(t)

3. d. lower than natural frequency

Explanation: The damped natural frequency fd is related to the natural

frequency fn by a relation

where damping ratio is <= 1

so the fd is less than the natural frequency

4/9
4. b. 4T/3
Explanation: Given lenght of 1st pendulum L1=1 cm and that of 2nd pendulum

L2=16 cm as time period is given by

period of 1st pendulum T period of 2nd pendulum will be

T2 = 4T

When two pendulums become again one behind the other the phase difference
between them again become 2π.

5. a. A
Explanation: Potential energy in s.h.m. is given by

Maximum possible values of x is equal to amplitude A. I.e. maximum

displacement on both sides. Thus maximum P.E. is when x = A.

6. In SHM, -The velocity leads the displacement by a phase 11.2 radians and acceleration
leads the velocity by a phase radians.

7. Some practical examples of S.H.M. are:-

i. A steel ball rolling in a curved dish.

ii. Atoms vibrating in a crystal lattice.
iii. Motion of helical spring.
iv. A steel ruler clamped to a bench oscillates when its free end is displaced sideways.

8. Angular frequency of the piston, = 200 rad/ min.

Stroke = 1.0 m
Amplitude,
The maximum speed (vmax) of the piston is given by the relation:

5/9
 9. Here mass m = 2 kg, force F = 2.5 N and elongation x = 1 cm = 0.01 m.

i. Force constant k = = = 250 N/m

ii. Frequency of oscillations = =

= 1.78 Hz.

10. Here amplitude r = 6/2 = 3cm When y = 0, v = 18 cms-1

Now
Or
We know

11. According to the above problem, Ek = Ep [Ek and Ep are kinetic and potential energies

respectively]

A2 - x2 = x2 or 2x2 = A2

Thus, the energy will be half kinetic and half potential at a displacement of x = on

either side of the mean position.

12. The figure containing collar of 5 kg attached to a spring of spring constant 500 N /m

i. Given, mass(m) = 5 kg, spring constant(k) = 500 N/m, amplitude(A) = 10 cm =0.1 m

The period of oscillation is given by
T= = 0.628 s

ii. Maximum speed of the collar, vmax = A( being angular velocity or frequency =

vmax = =1 m/s

iii. Maximum acceleration of the collar

amax = = 10 m/s2 ( = angular velocity or

6/9
 frequency)

13. In SHM displacement is given by the equation, x = A sin ...(i), A being

amplitude of the particle.
Velocity, v = ...(ii)
At t = 0, x = , then from Eq. (i),
or

If , displacement and velocity of the particle executing SHM are positive.

When , displacement is positive but the velocity is negative. Therefore,
displacement-time equations of the two particles will be

and

Phase difference

14. If a = amplitude ; y = displacement; ω = angular frequency

v = Velocity, then

For first case. .................(1) ( velocity = u1 ,Displacement = x1)

For second case, ..............(2) (velocity = u2 , Displacement = x2)

Subtracting equation 2 from equation 1;

Now,

So,

7/9
 So, Time period

15. i. For Case (a), as we know that the restoring force, F = -kx |F| = kx

So, x =
Case (b)

If x' is the extension in the spring, then drawing free body diagram of either mass
(as the system under applied force is under equilibrium).

kx' = F

In both the cases, extension is the same .

ii. The period of oscillation in case(a)

As, restoring force(F) = -kx
where, x = given extension
But from Newton's 2nd law of motion we know that, F = ma
.......(i)

On comparing eq.(i) with a = - 2x, we get

(angular frequency or velocity of the motion)

Period of oscillations,

Case (b)

8/9
The system is divided into two similar systems with spring divided in two equal
halves, forming spring constant
k' = 2k
Hence, F = - k'x
Putting k' = 2k (on cutting a spring in two halves, its k doubles)
F = -2kx
But from Newton's 2nd law of motion, F = ma
ma = -2kx

.........(ii)

On comparing Eq.(ii) with a = - 2x, we get angular frequency or velocity,

Hence the required period of oscillation of the geven question,

9/9