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Lect 5.1

ma

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2 views5 pages

Lect 5.1

ma

Uploaded by

3li
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Array:

An array consists of a set of objects (called its elements), all of


which are of the same type and are arranged contiguously in
memory.
Strings:
A C++ string is simply an array of characters. For example,
char str[ ] = "HELLO";
examples of array in C++:
int sizeTemp[3]={3,4,5};
int seasonTemp[3][4] = {
{26, 34, 22, 17},
{24, 32, 19, 13},
{28, 38, 25, 10}
};

Pointers and References:


Pointers: A pointer is a variable that holds memory address of
another variable. A pointer needs to be dereferenced with *
operator to access the memory location it points to.
*p refers to the content of variable p
&p refers to the address of variable p
Ex1: Example shows how pointer and references work in C++
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
int *pc, c;
c = 5;
cout<< "Address of c (&c): " << &c << endl;
cout<< "Value of c (c): " << c << endl << endl;

pc = &c; // Pointer pc holds the memory address of variable c


cout<< "Address that pointer pc holds (pc): "<< pc << endl;
cout<< "Content of the address pointer pc holds (*pc): " << *pc <<
endl << endl;

c = 11; // The content inside memory address &c is changed from 5


to 11.
cout << "Address pointer pc holds (pc): " << pc << endl;
cout << "Content of the address pointer pc holds (*pc): " << *pc <<
endl << endl;
*pc = 2;
cout<< "Address of c (&c): "<< &c <<endl;
cout<<"Value of c (c): "<< c<<endl<< endl;
return 0;
}
EX2: C++ program to swap two numbers using pass by pointer
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
void swap(int* x, int* y)
{
int z = *x;
*x = *y;
*y = z;
}
int main()
{
int a = 45, b = 35;
cout << "Before Swap\n";
cout << "a = " << a << " b = " << b << "\n";
swap(&a, &b);
cout << "After Swap with pass by pointer\n";
cout << "a = " << a << " b = " << b << "\n";
}

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