34312 Books Doubtnut Question Bank

PHYSICS
BOOKS - CENGAGE PHYSICS (ENGLISH)
KINETIC THEORY OF GASES
Illustration
1. The mass of hydrogen molecule is 3.32 × 10

− 27
kg. If 23
10 hydrogen
molecules strikes per second at 2 cm

2
area of a rigid wall at an angle of
45
∘
from the normal and rebound back with a speed of 1000 ms −1
, then
the pressure exerted on the wall is
Watch Video Solution
2. A parallel beam of particles of mass m moving with velocity v impinges
on a wall at an angle θ to its normal. The number of particles per unit
volume in the beam is n. If the collision of particles with the wall is elastic,
then the pressure exerted by this beam on the wall is

3. (a) Calculate (i) root-mean-square speed and (ii) the mean energy of 1
mol of hyderogen at STP given that density of hydrogen is 0.09kg / m

3
.
(b) Given that the mass of a molecule of hydergen is 3.34 × 10

− 27
kg,
calculate Avogadro's number. (c ) Calculate Boltmann's constant.
4. Given molecular weight of hydrogen molecule is
M = 2.016 × 10
−3
kg / mol . Calculate the root-mean-square speed of
hydrogen molecules (H 2) at 373.15K(100 ∘

C) .
5. One mole of oxygen occupies a volume of 24 L at 20

∘
C and 1 atm
pressure. What is the rms speed of an oxygen? Find the total
translational kinetic energy and the total momentum of the molecules.

6. 1g mole of oxygen at 27 ∘
C and 1 atmosphere pressure is enclosed in a
vessel.
(a) Assuming the molecules to be moving with vrms , find the number of
collisions per second which the molecules make with one square metre
area of the vessel wall.
(b) The vessel is next thermally insulated and moves with a constant
speed v0 . It is then suddenly stoppes. The process results in a rise of
temperature of the gas by 1

∘
C . Calculate the speed
v0 . [k = 1.38 × 10
− 23
J /K and N A
= 6.02 × 10
23
/ mol] .
7. A glass bulb of volume 400cm is connected to another bulb of volume

3
200cm
3
by means of a tube of negligible volume. The bulbs contain dry
air and are both at a common temperature and pressure of 20

∘
C and
1.000 atm, respectively. The larger bulb is immersed in steam at 100

∘
C
and the smaller in melting ice at 0 . Find the final common pressure.
∘

8. Explain whether (a) T 2
> T1 , (b) P 2
> P1 and (c ) V 2
> V1 or otherwise
in Fig., which represent in isothermal, isobaric, and isochoric processes
for the same mass of an ideal gas, respectively.
9. The three diagrams below depict three different processes for a given
mass of an ideal gas. What information can be drawn regarding the
change of (a) pressure, (b) volume and (c ) temperature of the gas from
the plots as shown in Fig., respectively.
10. Draw the P-T and V-T diagrams of an isochoric process of n moles an
ideal gas from pressure P0 volume V0 to pressure 4P0 , indicating the
pressures and temperatures of the gas in the initial and the final states.
11. Draw the P-T and V-T diagrams for an isobabaric process of expansion,
corresponding to n moles of an ideal gas at pressure P from V to 2V

0 0 0

12. A cyclic process ABCA shown in the V-T diagram is performed with a
constant mass of an ideal gas. Show the same process on a p-V diagram,
In the figure, CA is parallel to the V-axis and BC is parallel to the T-axis.`
13. Calculate (a) the average kinetic energy of translation of an oxygen
molecule at 27
∘
C (b) the total kinetic energy of an oxygen molecule at
27
∘
C (c ) the total kinetic energy in joule of one mole of oxygen at 27
∘
.
Given Avogadro's number = 6.02 × 10

23
and Boltzmann's constant
= 1.38 × 10
− 23
J / (mol − K) .
14. A light container having a diatomic gas enclosed with in is moving
with velocity v. Mass of the gas is M and number of moles is n,

a. What is the kinetic energy of gas w.r.t. centre of mass of the system ?
b. What is K.E. of gas w.r.t. ground ?
15. Two nonconducting containers having volume V1 and V2 contain
monoatomic and dimatomic gases respectivley. They are connected as
shown in figure. Pressure and temperature in the two containers are
P1 , T1 and P2 , T2 respectively. Initially stop cock is closed, if the stop coc
is opened find the final pressure and temperature.
16. An ideal gas has a molar heat capacity at constant pressure of
Cp = 2.5R . The gas is kept in a closed vessel of volume 0.0083m

3
, at a
temperature of 300K and a pressure of 1.6 x 10^(6) Nm^(-2). An amount
2.49 x 10^(4) J of heat energy is supplied to the gas. calculate the final
temperature and pressure of the gas.

17. A vessel of volume 0.2m contains hydrogen gas at temperature 300 K

3
and pressure 1 bar. Find the heat required to raise the temperature to
400 K. The molar heat capacity of hydrogen at constant volume is
5cal / molK .
18. About 0.014 kg nitrogen is enclosed in a vessel at temperature of
27
∘
C How much heat has to be transferred to the gas to double the rms
speed of its molecules ? (R = 2cal / molK)
19. A gaseous mixture enclosed in a vessel contains 1 g mole of a gas A
(why λ=5/3) and another gas B (with λ=7/5) at a temperature T. The gases
A and B do not react with each other and assumed to be ideal. The
number of gram moles of B, if λ for the gaseous mixture is 19/13 is
20. How much heat energy should be added to the gaseous mixture
consisting of 1 g of hydrogen and 1g of helium to raise it s temperature
from 0 ∘
C to 100 ∘
C
(a) at constant volume,
b. at constant pressure (R = 2cal / molK) ?
21. Calculate the specific heat capacity C of a gaseous mixture consisting

r
of v moles of a gas of adiabatic exponent

1
γ1 and v2 moles of another
gas of adiaqbatic exponent γ . 2

22. A vessel of volume 2 × 10
−2
m
3
contains a mixture of hydrogen at
47
∘
C temperature and 4.15 × 10 N / m
5 2
Pressure. The mass of the
mixture is 10
−2
kg . Calculate the masses of hydrogen and helium in the
given mixture.
23. Figure shows a cylinder closed by a movable piston containing an
ideal gas. The piston is quickly pushed down from position 2. The piston
is held at position 2 until the gas is again at 0

∘
C and then is slowly
raised back to position 1. Represent the whole operation on a P-V
diagram. If 100 g of ice melts during the cycle, how much work is done on
the gas?
24. A quantity of gas occupies an initial volume V0 at pressure p0 and
temperature T0 . It expands to a volume V (a) constant temperature and

(b) constant pressure. In which case does the gas do more work ?
25. A sample of ideal gas is expanded to twice its original volume of
1.00m
3
in a quasi-static process for which p = αV
2
, with
α = 5.00atm / m
6
, as shown in Fig. How much work is done by the
expanding gas?
26. Determine the work done by an ideal gas doing 1 .

→ 4 → 3 → 2 → 1
Given 5 5 5
P1 = 10 P a, P0 = 3 × 10 P a, P3 = 4 × 10 P a and
V2 − V1 = 10L .
27. An ideal gas is enclosed in a cylinder with a movable piston on top of
it. The piston has a mass of 800 g and an area of 5.00cm and is free slide
2
up and down, keeping the pressure of the gas constant. How much work
is done on the gas as the temperature of 0.200 mol of the gas is raised
from 20.0 ∘
C to 300 ∘
C ?

28. The cylinder shown in the figure has conducting walls and
temperature of the surrounding is T, the pistonj is initially in equilibrium,
the cylinder contains n moles of a gas, Now the piston is displaced slowly
by an external agent to make the volume double of the initial. Find work
done by external agent in term of n, R, T
29. A non conducting piston of mass m and area of cross section A is
placed on a non conducting cylinder as shown in figure. Temperature,
spring constant, height of the piston are given by T,K,h respectively.
Initially spring is relaxed and piston is at rest. Find

(a) Number of moles
(b) Work done by gas to displane the piston by distance d when the gas is
heated slowly.
(c ) Find the final temperature
30. When a thermodynamic system is taken from an initial state I to a
final state F along the path IAF, as shown in Fig. the heat energy absorbed
by the system is Q = 55J and work done by the system is W = 25J . If
the same system is taken along the path IBF, the value of Q = 35J .
(a) If W = − 15J for the curved path FI, how much heat energy is lost by
the system along this path ?
(b) If U 1
= 10J , what is U ?
F
(d) If U B
= 20J , what is Q for the process BF and IB ?
31. How much work is done on the steam when 1.00 mol of water at
100
∘
C boils and becomes 1.00 mole of steam at 100
∘
C at 1.00 atm
pressure? Assume the steam to behave as an ideal gas , determine the
change in the internal energy of the material as it vapourizes.
32. An ideal gas initially at 300 K undergoes an isobaric expansion at 2.50
k Pa. If the volume increases from 1.00m

2
to 3.00m
3
and 12.5 kJ is
transferred to the gas by heat, what are (a) the change in its internal
energy and (b) its final temperature ?

33. The temperature of 3 kg of nitrogen is raised form 10
∘
C to 100
∘
C ,
Compute the heat added, the work done, and the change in internal
energy if (a) this is done at constant volume and (b) if the heating is at
constant pressure. For nitrogen
Cp = 1400J kg
−1
K
−1
and Cv
= 740J kg
−1
K
−1
.
34. Gaseous hydrogen contained initially under standard conditions in
sealed vessel of volume V = 5L was cooled by ΔT = 55K . Find how
much the internal energy of the gas will change and what amount of heat
will be lost by the gas.
35. The volume of a monatomic ideal gas increases linearly with pressure,
as shown in Fig. Calculate (a) increase in internal energy, (b) work done by
the gas and (c ) heat supplied to the gas.
36. A Vessel contains helium, which expands at constant pressure when 15
kJ of heat is supplied to it. What will be the variation of the internal
energy of the gas? What is the work performed in the expansion?
37. The volume of one mode of an ideal gas with adiabatic exponent γ is
varied according to the law V = a /T , where a is constant . Find the

amount of heat obtained by the gas in this process, if the temperature is
increased by ΔT .
38. A 2.00 mol sample of helium gas initially at 300 K and 0.400 atm is
compressed isothermally to 1.20 atm. Noting that the helium behaves as
an ideal gas, find (a) the final volume of the gas, (b) the work done on the
gas and (c ) the energy transferred by heat.
39. As a result of the Isobaric heating by ΔT = 72K , one mole of a
certain ideal gas receives heat Q = 1.6 kJ. Find the work performed by the
increment of its intenal energy, and the value of its adiabatic exponent γ .

40. Six grams of hydrogen gas at a temperature of 273 K isothoermally
expanded to five times its initial volume and then isochorically heated so
that the pressure in the final state becomes equal to that in the initial
state. Find the total amount of heat absorbed by the gas during the
entire process.
41. Two moles of an ideal gas at 300K cooled at constant volume so that
the pressure is reduced to half the initial value. Then as a result of
heating at constant pressure. Find the total heat absorbed by the gas, if
R is the gas constant.
42. T-V curve of cyclic process is shown below, number of moles of the gas
are n find the total work done during the cycle.

43. P-T curve of a cyclic process is shown. Find out the works done by the
gas in the given proces if number of moles of the gas are n.

44. In a cylinder, 2.0 moles of an ideal monatomic gas initially at 1.0 × 106
Pa and 300 K expands until its volume doulbles. Compute the work done
if the expansion is (a) isothermal, (b) adiabatic and (c ) isobaric.
45. One mole of a perfect gas, initally at a pressure and temperature of
5
10 N / m
2
and 300 K, respectively, expands isothermally unitl its volume
is doubled and then adiabatically until its volume is again doubled. Find
final pressure and temperature of the gas Find the total work done
during the isothermal and adiabatic processes. Given γ = 1.4 . Also draw
the P-V diagram for the process.
46. An ideal gas (Cp / CV = (γ) is taken through a process in which the
pressure and the volume vary as P = aV

b
. Find the values of (b) for
which the specific heat capacity of the gas for the process is zero.
47. A cylindrical container having non-conducting walls is partitioned in
two equal parts such that the volume of the each parts is eqaul to V0 A
movable non-conducting piston is kept between the two parts. Gas on
left is slowly heated so that the gas on right is compressed upto volume
. Find pressure and temperature on both sides if initial pressure and

V0 / 8
temperature, were P0 and T0 respectively. Also find heat given by the
heater to the gas (number of moles in each parts is n)
48. A reversible heat engine carries 1 mole of an ideal monatomic gas
around the cycle 1-2-3-1. Process 1-2 takes place at constant volume,
process 2-3 is adiabatic, and process 3-1 takes place at constant pressure.
Complete the values for the heat ΔQ, the change in internal energy ΔU ,
and the work done Δ, for each of the three processes and for the cycle as
a whole.
49. consider the cyclic process ABCA on a sample of 2.0 mol of an ideal
gas as shown in the fig. temperature of the gas at A and B are 300 K and
500 k respectively. A total of 1200 J heat is withdrawn from the sample in
the process. Find the work done by the gas in part BC. take
−1 −1
R = 8.3J K mol
50. A sample of an ideal gas has pressure p0 , volume V0 and tempreture
T0 . It is isothermally expanded to twice its original volume.It is then
compressed at constant pressure to have the original volume V0 . Finally,
the gas is heated at constant volume to get the original temperature.
(a) Show the process in a V-T diagram
(b) Calculate the heat absorbed in the process.

51. Helium gas goes through a cycle ABCDA (consisting of two isochoric
and two isobaric lines) as shown in figure. Efficiency of this cycle is nearly :
52. Three moles of an ideal gas at a pressure PA and temperature TA is
isothermally expanded to twice its initial volume. It is then compressed at
constant pressure to its original , volume. Finally the gas is compressed

at constant volume to its original pressure P A
(a) Sketch the P-V and P-T diagrams for the complete process.
(b) Calculate the net work done by the gas, and net heat supplied to the
gas during the complete process.
53. An ideal gas is taken round a cyclic thermodynamic process ABCA as
shown if Fig. If the internal energy of the gas at point A is assumed zero
while at B it is 50 J. The heat absorbed by the gas in the process BC is 90 J.
(a) What is the internal energy og the gas at point C ?
(b) How much heat energy is absorbed by the gas in the process AB?
(c ) Find the heat energy rejected or absorbed by the gas in the process
CA.
(d) What is the net work done by the gas in the complete cycle ABCA ?
54. A fixed mass of oxygen gas performs a cyclic process ABCA as shown.
Find the efficiency of the process.

55. n moles of a diatomic gas has undergone a cyclic process ABC as
shown in figure. Temperature at a is T . Find volume at C

0
Solved Examples
1. A vessel containing 1 g of oxygen at a pressure of 10 atm a temperature
of 47 ∘
C . It is found that because of a leak, the pressure drops to 5 / 8th
of its original value and the temperature falls to 27

∘
C . Find the volume
of the vessel and the mass of oxygen that is leaked out.

2. An ideal gas (2.0 moles) is carried round a cycle as shown. If the process
b → c is isothermal and C V
= 3cal / mol / K . Determine
a. work done,
b. change in internal energy,
c. heat supplied to the system during processes a ,

→ b b → c and c → a .
3. Figure. Shows three processes for an ideal gas. The temperature at 'a' is
600 K, pressure of 1 atm, and volume 1 L. The volume at 'b' is 4 L. Out of
two processes, ab and ac, one is adiabatic and other is isothermal. The
ratio of specific heats of the gas is 1.5.
a. Which of the processes ab and ac is adiabatic ? Why
b. Compute the pressure of the gas at b and c.
c. Compute the temperature at b and c.

d. Complete the volume at c.
4. N molecules each of mass m of gas A and 2N molecules each of mass
2m of gas B are contained in the vessel which is maintained at a
temperature T. The mean square of velocity of the molecules of B type is
denoted by v and the mean square of the x-component of the velocity of

2
A type is denoted by w2
. The ratio of w
2 2
:v is

5. Two moles of an ideal monoatomic gas is taken through a cycle ABCA as
shown in the P-T diagram. During the process AB , pressure and
temperature of the gas very such that P T = Cons tan t . It T1 = 300K ,
calculate
(a) the work done on the gas in the process AB and
(b) the heat absorbed or released by the gas in each of the processes.
Give answer in terms of the gas constant R.
6. A smooth vertical tube having two different cross sections is open from
both the ends but closed by two sliding pistions as shown in Fig. and tied
with an inextensible string. One mole of an ideal gas is enclosed between
the piston The difference in cross-sectional areas of the two pistons is
given ΔS . The masses of piston are m1 and m2 for larger and smaller
one, respectively. Find the temperature by which tube is raised so that
the pistons will be displaced by a distance l. Take atmospheric pressure
equal to P 0

7. Two moles of helium gas (λ = 5 / 3) are initially at temperature 27
∘
C
and occupy a volume of 20 litres. The gas is first expanded at constant
pressure until the volume is doubled. Then it undergoes an adiabatic
change until the temperature returns to its initial value.
(i) Sketch the process on a p-V diagram.
(ii) What are the final volume and pressure of the gas?
(iii) What is the work done by the gas ?
8. An ideal monoatomic gas is confined in a cylinder by a spring-loaded
piston of cross-section 8.0 × 10

−3
m
2
. Initially the gas is at 300K and
occupies a volume of 2.4 × 10

−3
m
3
and the spring is in its relaxed
(unstretched, unompressed) state, fig. The gas is heated by a small
electric heater until the piston moves out slowly by 0.1m. Calculate the
final temperature of the gas and the heat supplied (in joules) by the
heater. The force constant of the spring is 8000N / m , atmospheric
pressure is 5
1.0 × 10 N m
−2
. The cylinder and the piston are thermally
insulated. The piston is massless and there is no friction between the
piston and the cylinder. Neglect heat loss through lead wires of the
heater. The heat capacity of the heater coil is negligible. Assume the
spring to be massless.
9. Three moles of an ideal gas at a pressure PA and temperature TA is
isothermally expanded to twice its initial volume. It is then compressed at
constant pressure to its original , volume. Finally the gas is compressed
at constant volume to its original pressure P A
(a) Sketch the P-V and P-T diagrams for the complete process.
10. Two moles of helium gas undergo a cyclic process as shown in Fig.
Assuming the gas to be ideal, calculate the following quantities in this
process
(a) The net change in the heat energy
(b) The net work done
(c) The net change in internal energy

11. One mole of a monoatomic ideal gas is taken through the cycle shown
in Fig:
A → B : adiabatic expansion
B → C : cooling at constant volume
C → D : adiabatic compression
D → A : heating at constant volume
The pressure and temperature at A,B,etc. are denoted by P A

, TA , PB , TB
etc. respectively. Given that TA = 1000K ,
PB = (2 / 3)PA and PC = (1 / 3)PA , calculate the following quantities:
(i) The work done by the gas in the process A → B

(ii) The heat lost by the gas in the process B → C .
(iii) The temperature T . [Given :(2 / 3) ]

2/5
D
= 0.85
12. A sample of 2 kg of monatomic helium (assumed ideal) is taken
through the process ABC another sample of 2 kg of the same gas is taken
through the process ADC as shown in Fig. Given molecular mass of helium
= 4.
a. What is the temperature of helium in each of the states A, B, C and D ?
b. Is there any way of telling afterwards which sample of helium went
through the process ABC and which went through the process ADC ?
Write yes or no.

How much is the heat involved in each of the process ABC and ADC ?
13. One mole of an ideal monatomic gas is taken round the cyclic process
ABCA as shown in figure. Calculate

(a) the work done by the gas.
(b) the heat rejected by the gas in the path CA and the heat absorbed by
the gas in the path AB,
(c) the net heat absorbed by the gas in the path BC,
(d) the maximum temperature attained by the gas during the cycle.
14. A masslesss piston divides a closed thermallyy insulated cylinder into
two equal parts. One part contains M = 28 g of nitrogen. At this
temperature, one-third of molecules are dissociated into atoms and the
other part is evacuated. The piston is released and the gas fills the whole
volume of the cylinder at temperature T0 . Then, the piston is slowly
displaced back to its initial position. calculate the increases in internal
energy of the gas. Neglect further dissociation of molecules during, the
motion of the piston.
Exercise 2.1
1. The average kinetic energy per molecule of all monatomic gases is the
same at the same temperature. Is this ture or false ?
2. What happens to the random motion when an ideal gas undergoes
free expansion (i.e., expansion into a vacuum) ?

3. The highest vacuum attained so far is of the order of 10
− 11
mm of
mercury. How many molecules are there in 1 cc of a vessel under such a
high vacuum at 0 ∘
C ?
4. A thermally insulated vessel with gaseous nitrogen at a temperature of
27
∘
C moves with velocity 100m / s
−1
. How much (in percentage) and in
what way will the gas pressrue change if the vessel is brought to rest
suddenly ?
5. Find the molar mass and the number of degrees of freedom of
molecules in a gas if its heat capacities are Cv = 650J kg

−1
K
−1
and
−1 −1
CP = 910J kg K

6. At 127
∘
C and 1.00 × 10
−2
atm pressure, the density of a gas is
1.24 × 10
−2
kgm
−3
.
a. Find vrms
for the gas molecules.
b. Find the molecular weight of the gas and identify it.
7. The mass of a gas molecule can be computed form the specific heat at
constant volume. Take C V

= 0.075kcalkg
−1
k
−1
for argon and calculate
a. the mass of an argon atom
b. the atomic weight of argon.
2
8. In a certain ( )th of the energy of molecules is associated with the
5
ratation of molecules and the rest of it is associated with the motion of
the centre of mass.
(a) What is the average translational energy of one such molecule when
the temperature id 27 ∘
C ?
(b) How much energy must be supplied to one mole of thsi gas constant
volume to raise the temperature by 1 ∘

C ?
9. If the water molecules in 1 g of water were distributed uniformaly over
the surface of the earth, how many molecules would there be in 1m

2
of
the earth's surface (radius of the earth = 64 km)?
10. How many degress of freedom have the gas molecules, if under
standard conditions the gas density is ρ = 1.3kg / m

3
and velocity of
sound propagation o it is v = 330m / s ?

11. The temperature of a gas consisting of rigid diatomic moleculoes is T =
300 K. Calculate the angular root-mean square velocity of a rotating
molecules if its moment of inertia is I = 2.0 × 10

− 40
kgm
2
.
12. The molar specific heat capacity of all monatomic gases is the same. Is
this ture of false ? (Assumed ideal nature.)
13. One mole of a monatomic ideal gas is mixed with one mole of a
diatomic ideal gas. The molar specific heat of the mixture at constant
volume is___________.

14. A gas has been subjected to isochoric-isobaric processes 1-2-3-4-1 see
Fig. Plot this process on T - V and P - T diagrams.
15. A gas has been subjected to an isothermal-isochromic cycle 1-2-3-4-1
see Fig. Represent the same cycle on P - V and P - T diagrams.

16. Calculate γ of a gaseous mixture consisting of 3 moles of nitrogen and
2 moles of carbon dioxide.
17. A closed container of volume 0.02m

3
contains a mixture of neon and
argon gases, at a temperature of 27

∘
C and pressure of 5
1 × 10 N m
−2
.
The total mass of the mixture is 28g. If the molar masses of neon and
argon are 20 and 40gmol
−1
respectively, find the masses of the
individual gasses in the container assuming them to be ideal (Universal
gas constant R = 8.314J / mol − K ).
18. Equal masses of air are sealed in two vessels, one of volume V0 and
the other of volume 2V . If the first vessel is maintained at a temperature

0
300K and the other at 600K , find the ratio of the pressures in the two
vessels.
19. A glass container encloses a gas a pressure of 8 × 10

5
pa and 300 K
temperature. The container walls can bear a maximum pressure of 10 Pa. 6
If the temperature of container is gradually increased, find the
temperature at which the container will break.

20. Calculate the number of molecules in 1 cc of an ideal gas at 27
∘
C a
pressure of 10 mm of mercury. Mean kinetic energy of molecule at 27

∘
C
is 4 × 10 − 14
erg, the density of mercury is 13.6 g / .
Exercise 2.2
1. Explain why the temperature of a gas drops in an adiabatic expansion,
on basis of the kinetic theory of gases,
2. Explain why a gas cools on sudden expansion on the basis of the
principles of thermodynamics.

3. A 15 g mass of nitrogen gas is enclosed in a vessel at a temperature
27
∘
C. Amount of heat transferred to the gas, so that rms velocity of
molecules is doubled, is about :
[Take R = 8.3J / K mole]
4. A gas consisting of a rigid diatomic molecules was initially under
standard condition.Then,gas was compressed adiabatically to one fifth of
its intitial volume What will be the mean kinetic energy of a rotating
molecule in the final state?
5. Can one distinguish between the internal energy of a body acquired by
het transfer and that acquired by the performance of work on it by an
etenal agent ?
6. A theoms flask contains coffee. It is vigorously sheken, considering the
coffee as the system. (a) Does its temperature rise ? (b) Has heat been
added to it ? (c ) Has work been done on it ?
7. Does a gas do any work when it expands adiabatically ? If so, what is the
source of the energy needed to do this work ?
8. A block returns to its initial position after dissipating mechanical
energy in the from of heat through frictionn. Is this process reversibe or
irreversible ?

9. Explain why the temperature of a gas drops in an adiabatic expansion,
on basis of the kinetic theory of gases,
10. In what process is the heat added entirely converted into internal
energy of the system ?
11. When a gas is compressed adiabaticlly, it becomes more elasitc. Is this
ture ?
12. A cylinder contains 3 moles of oxygen at a temperature of 27 ∘

C . The
cylinder is provided with a frictionless piston which maintains a constant

pressure of 1 atm on the gas. The gas is heated until its temperature rises
to 127 ∘
C .
a. How much work is done by the gas in the process ?
b. What is the change in the internal energy of the gas ?
c. How much heat was supplied to the gas ?
For oxygen C P
= 7.03calmol
−1
.
∘
C
−1
.
13. What amount of heat is to be transferred to nitrogen in an isobaric
heating process so that the gas may perform 2 J work?
14. As a result of the isobaric heating by ΔT = 72K , one mole of a
certain ideal gas obtain an amount of heat Q = 1.6kJ . Find the work
performed by the gas, the increment of its internal energy and γ .

15. A certain mass of a gas is compressed first adiabatically, and then
isothermally. In both cases, the initial state of the gas is the same. Is the
work done W1 in the first case greater than the work done W2 in the
second case ? Explain.
16. A cylindrical vessel of 28 cm diameter contains 20 g of nitrogen
compressed by a piston supporting a weight of 75 kg. The temperature of
the gas is 17
∘
C . What work will the gas do if it is heated to a
temperature of 250
∘
C ? What amount of heat should be supplied ? To
what distance will the weight be raised? The process should be assumed
to be isobaric, the heating of the vessel as well as the external pressure is
negligible.
17. One mole of oxygen is heated at constant pressure starting at 0

∘
C .
How much heat energy must be added to the gas to double its volume ?
18. An ideal gas expands adiabatically from an initial temperature T to a

1
final temperature T . Prove that the work done by the gas is C

2 V
(T1 − T2 )

19. An ideal gas whose adiabatic exponent equals γ expands so that the
amount of heat transferred to it is equal to the decrease of its internal
energy. Find
a. the molar heat capacity of the gas, and
b. the T -V equation for the process.
20. On mole of argon expands polytropically, the polytropic constant
being 1.5, that is, the process proceeds according to the law pV
1.5
=
constant. In the process, its temperature change by ΔT = − 26K . Find
a. the amount of heat obtained by the gas.
b. the work performed by the gas.
21. Find out the work done in the given graph. Also draw the
corresponding T -V curve and P-T curve.

22. Two moles of a diatomic gas at 300 K are kept in a nonconducting
container enclosed by a piston . Gas is now compressed to increase the
temperature from 300 K to 400 K. Find word done by the gas

23. A sample of an ideal gas is taken through a cycle as shown in figure. If
absorbs 50 J of energy during the process AB, no heat during BC, rejects
70 J during CA. 40 J of work is done on the gas during BC. Internal energy
of gas at A is 1500 J, the internal energy at C would be
24. The internal energy of a monatomic ideal gas is 1.5 nRT. One mole of
helium is kept in a cylinder of cross section 8.5cm

2
. The cylinder is closed
by a light frictionless piston. The gas is heated slowly in a process during

which a total of 42J heat is given to the gas. if the temperature rise
through o
2 C , find the distance moved by the piston. atmoshphere
pressure `=100 kPa.
25. A sample of ideal gas (γ = 1.4) is heated at constant pressure. If
140J of heat is supplied to gas, find ΔU and ΔW .
26. P-V curve of a diatomic gas is shown in the Fig. Find the total heat
given to the gas in the process A → B → C

27. A monoatomic gas is enclosed in a non-conducting cylinder having a
piston which can move freely. Suddenly gas is compressed to 1/8 of its
initial volume. Find the final pressure and temperature if initial pressure
and temperature are P and T respectively.
0 0
28. A non-conducting cylinder having volume 2V is partitioned by a fixed

0
non conducting wall in two equal part. Partition is attached with a valve.
Right side of the partition is a vacuum and left part is filled with a gas
having pressure and temperature P0 and T0 respectively. If valve is

opened find the final pressure and temperature of the two parts.
Subjective
1. Five grams of helium having rms speed of molecules 1000m / s and 24g
of oxygen having rms speed of 1000m / s are introduced into a thermally
isolated vessel. Find the rms speeds of helium and oxygen individually
when thermal equilibrium is attained. Neglect the heat capacity of vessel.

2. Consider a vertical tube open at both ends. The tube consistss of two
parts, each of different cross sections and each part having a piston
which can move smoothly in respective tubes. The two piston which can
move smoothly in respective tube wire. The piston are joined together by
an inextensible wire. The combined mass of the two piston is 5kgand area
of cross section of the upper piston is 10cm

2
greater than that of the
lower piston. Amount of gas enclosed by the pistons is 1mol. When the
gas is heated slowly, pistons move by 50cm . Find the rise in the
temperature of the gas in the form X / RK , where R is universal gas
constant. Use g = 10m / s

2
and outside pressure 5
= 10 N / m )
2
.

3. Fig shows the variation in the internal energy U with the volume V of
2.0 mol of an ideal gas in a cyclic process abcda. The temperatures of the
gas at b and c are 500 K and 300 K respectively. Calculate the heat
absorbed by the gas during the process.
4. Two moles a monatomic gas in state A having critical pressure P and 0
temperature 3T0 is taken to a state B having pressure 3P0 and
temperature T0 / 3 by the process of equation P

2
T = constant. Then
state B is taken to state C keeping the volume constant and it comes

back to initial state A keeping temperature constant.
a. Plot a P and T graph. (P on the y-axis and T on the x-axis).
Find the net work done and heat supplied to the gas during the complete
cycle.
5. A gaseous mixture enclosed in a vessel consists of one gram mole of a

5 7
gas A with γ = ( ) and some amount of gas B with γ = at a
3 5
temperature T.
The gases A and B do not react with each other and are assumed to be
ideal. Find the number of gram moles of the gas B if γ for the gaseous
19
mixture is ( .
)
13
6. A gas expands in a piston-cylinder device from volume V1 to V2 , the
process being described by P = a /V + b, a and b are constants. Find

the work done in the process.
7. find the minimum attainable pressure of an ideal gs in the process
T = t0 + ∝ V
2
, where T0 n and α are positive constants and (V) is the
volume of one mole of gas.
8. Air is contained in a piston-cylinder arrangement as shown in Fig. with
a cross-sectional area of 4cm

2
and an initial volume of 20cm
3
. The air is
initially at a pressure of 1 atm and temperature of 20

∘
C . The piston is
connected to a spring whose spring constant is k = 10 N / m

4
, and the
spring is initially underformed. How much heat must be added to the air
inside cylinder to increase the pressure to 3 atm (for air,

CV = 718J / kg.
∘
C , molecular of air 28.97)?
9. Consider the cyclic process ABCA, shown in fig, performed on a sample
of 2.0 mol if an ideal gas. A total of 1200 J if heat is withdrawn from the
sample in the process. Find the work done by the gas during the part BC.
10. Fig shows the variation in the internal energy U with the volume V of
2.0 mol of an ideal gas in a cyclic process abcda. The temperatures of the
gas at b and c are 500 K and 300 K respectively. Calculate the heat
absorbed by the gas during the process.
11. One mole of a gas is carried through the cycle shown in Fig. The gas
expands at constant temperature T from volume V to 2V . It is them
compressed to the initial volume at constant pressure and is finally
brought back to its original state by heating at constant volume.

Calculate the work done by the gas in complete cycle.
12. One mole of a monatomic gas is taken from a point A to another
point B along the path ACB . The initial temperature at A is T0 .

Calculate the heat abosrbed by the gas in the process A → C → B .
13. Figure shows an adiabatic cylindrical tube of volume (V0 ) divided in
two parts by a frictionless adiabatic separator . Initially, the separator is
kept in the middle, an ideal gas at pressure (P1 ) and the temperatures
(T1 ) is injected into the left part and the another ideal gas at pressures
Cp
(P2 ) and temperature (T 2) is injected into the right part. ( = γ) is
Cv
the same for both the gases. The separator is slid slowly and is released
at a position where it can stay in equilibrium. Find
(a) the volumes of the parts,

(b) the heat given to the gas in the left part and
(c) the final common pressure of the gases.
14. Fig. shows a horzontal cylindrical container of length 30cm , which is
partitioned by a tight-fiting separator. The separator is diathermic but
conductws heat very slowly. Initially the separator is the state shown in
the figure. The temperature of left part of cylinder is 100K and that on
right part is 400K . Initially the separator is in equilibrium. As heat is
conducted from right to left part, of separator after a long when gases
on the two displacement of separator after a long when gases on the two
parts of cylinder are in thermal equilibrium.
15. As adiabatic vessel contains n1 = 3 mole of diatomic gas. Moment of
inertia of each molecule is I = 2.76 × 10

− 46
kgm
2
and root-mean-square
angular velocity is ω0 = 5 × 10
12
rad / s . Another adiabatic vessel
contains n2 = 5 mole of a monatomic gas at a temperature 470K .
Assume gases to be ideal, calculate root-mean-square angular velocity of
diatomic molecules when the two vessels are connected by a thin tube of
negligible volume. Boltzmann constant k = 1.38 × 10

− 23
.
J / : molecule

16. Figure shows an ideal gas changing its state A to state C by two
different path ABC and AC . The internal energy of the gas at A is 10J
and the amount of heat supplied to change its state to C through the
path AC is 200J . Find the internal energy at C .
17. Fig. shows a process ABCA performed on 1 mole of an ideal gas. Find
the net heat supplied to the gaseous system during the process.
18. Calculate the heat abosrbed by a system in going through the cyclic
process show in Fig.

19. An ideal gas has a volume 0.3m at 150kP a. It is confined by a spring-

3
loaded piston in a vertical cylinder. Initially, the spring is in relaxed state.
If the gas is heated to a final state of 0.5m

3
and pressure 600kP a find
the work done on the spring (atmospheric pressure,

5
P0 = 1 × 10 N / m )
2
.
20. One mole of an ideal monatomic gas undergoes the process
p = αT
1/2
, where α is a constant.
(a) Find the work done by the gas if its temperature increases by 50K.
(b) Also, find the molar specific heat of the gas.
21. Two moles of monatomic ideal gas is taken through a cyclic process
shown on P − T diagram in Fig. Process CA is represented as PT =
constant. If efficiency of given cyclic process is

x
1 −
121n2 + 15
then find x,

22. One mole of a gas is enclosed in a cylinde in a cyclinder and occupies a
volume of 1.5L at a pressure 1.5 atm. It is subjected to strong heating
due to which temperature of the gas increase according to the relation
T = αV
2
, where α is a positive constant and V is volume of the gas.
a. Find the work done by air in increasing the volume of gas to 9L.
b. Draw the P − V diagram of the process.
c. Determine the heat supplied to the gas (assuming γ = 1.5) .
Single Correct
1. The temperature of a gas is raised while its volume remains constant,
the pressure exerted by the gas on the walls of the container increases
because its molecules
A. lose more kinetic energy to the wall
B. are in contact with the wall for a shorter time

C. strike the wall more often with higher velocities
D. collide with each other with less frequency
Answer: C
2. A cylinder of capacity 20 litre is filled with H2 gas. The total average
kinetic energy of translatory motion of its molecules is 1.5 × 10

5
J. The
pressure of hydrogen in the cylinder is ………..
A. 2 × 10 6
N /m
2
B. 3 × 10 6
N /m
2
C. 4 × 10 6
N /m
2
D. 5 × 10 6
N /m
2
Answer: D

3. A flask is filled with 13g of an ideal gas at 27
∘
C and its temperature is
raised to 52
∘
C . The mass of the gas that has to be released to maintain
the temperature of the gas in the flask at 52

∘
C , the pressure remaining
the same is
A. 2.5g
B. 2.0g
C. 1.5g
D. 1.0g
Answer: D
4. Air is filled at 60 ∘
C in a vessel of open mouth. The vessle is heated to a
temperature T so that 1 / 4th of air escapes. Assuming the volume of
vessel remaining constant, the value of T is

A. 80 ∘
C
B. 440 ∘
C
C. 333 ∘
C
D. 171 ∘
C
Answer: D
5. If the intermolecules forces vanish away, the volume occupied by the
molecules contained in 4.5kg water at stantard temperature and
pressure will be given by
A. 5.6m 3
B. 4.5m 3
C. 11.2L
D. 11.2m 3
Answer: A
6. The expansion of an ideal gas of mass m at a constant pressure P is
given by the straight line D. Then the expanison of the same ideal gas of
mass 2m at a pressure P / 2 is given by the straight line
A. E
B. C
C. B
D. A
Answer: D
7. Two containers of equal volume contain the same gas at pressure P1
and P and absolute temperature

2
T1 and T2 , respectively. On joining the
vessels, the gas reaches a common pressure P and common temperature
T . The ratio P / T is equal to
P1 P2
A. +
T1 T2
P1 T1 + P2 T2
B.
2
(T1 + T2 )
P1 T2 + P2 T2
C.
2
(T1 + T1 )
P1 P2
D. +
2T1 2T2
Answer: D

8. An ideal monatomic gas is confined in a cylinder by a spring-loaded
piston of cross 8 × 10
−3
. Initially, the gas is at 300 K and occupies a
volume of 2.4 × 10
−3
m
3
and the spring is in its relaxed (unstretched,
uncompressed) state Fig. The gas is heated by a small electric heater until
the piston moves out slowly by 0.1 m. Calculate the final temperature of
the gas and the heat supplied (in joule) by the heater. The force constant
of the spring is 8000 N /m , atmospheric pressure 5

1 × 10 N / m
2
. The
cylinder and the piston are thermally insulated. The piston is massless
and there is no friction between the piston and the cylinder. Neglect heat
loss through the lead wires of the heart. The heat capacity of the heater
coil is negligible. Assume the spring to be massless.
A. 400K
B. 800K
C. 1200K
D. 300K
Answer: B
9. A box contains N molecules of a perfect gas at temperature T1 and
temperature P . The number of molecule in the box is double keeping the

1
total kinetic energy of the gas same as before. If the new pressure is P2
and temperature `T_(2), then
A. P 2
= P1 , T2 = T1
T1
B. P 2
= P1 , T2 =
2
C. P 2
= 2P1 , T2 = T1
T1
D. P 2
= 2P1 , T2 =
2
Answer: B
10. Match the column.

A. move toward left
B. move toward right
C. remain stationary
D. none of these
Answer: B
11. An ideal gas is initially at temperature T and volume V. ITS volume is
increased by ΔV due to an increase in temperature ΔT , pressure
remaining constant. The quantity δ = ΔV / V ΔT varies with
temperature as
A.
B.
C.
D.
Answer: C
12. The pressure of a gas filled in a closed vessel increase by 0.4% when
temperature is increased by 1 ∘
C . Find the initial temperature of the gas.
A. 250K
B. 250 ∘
C
C. 2500K
D. 25 ∘
C
Answer: A
13. Pressure versus temperature graph of an ideal gas of equal number of
an ideal gas of equal number of mole of defferent volumes are platted as
shown in figure. Choose the correct alternative.

A. V 1
= V2 , V3 = V4 and V 2
> V3
B. V 1
= V2 , V3 = V4 and V 2
< V3
C. V 1
= V2 , V3 = V4
D. V 4
= V3 > V2 > V1
Answer: A
14. The capacity of a vessel is 3L . It contains 6g oxygen, 8g nitrogen and
5gCO2 mixture at 27
∘
C , If R = 8.31J / molK , then the pressure in the
vessel in N / m will be (approx.)

2
A. 5 × 10 5
B. 5 × 10 4
C. 10 6
D. 10 5
Answer: A
15. Two gases occupy two containers A and B then gas in A , of volume
0.10m
3
, exerts a pressure of 1.40M pa and that in B , of volume 0.15m
3
,
exerts a pressure 0.7M P a . The two containers are joined by a tube of
negligible volume and the gases are allowed to intermingle. Then if the
temperature remains constant, the final pressure in the container will be
(in MPa)
A. 0.7
B. 0.98
C. 1.4
D. 2.1
Answer: B

16. A closed vessel contains 8g of oxygen and 7g of nitrogen. The total
pressure is 10 atm at a given temperature. If now oxygen is absorbed by
introducting a suitable absorbent, the pressure of the remaining gas in
atm will be
A. 2
B. 10
C. 4
D. 5
Answer: D
17. Energy of all molecules of a monatomic gas having a volume V and
pressure P is 3 / 2P V . The total translational kinetic energy of all
molecules of a diatomic gas at the same volume and pressure is

A. 1 / 2P V
B. 3 / 2P V
C. 5 / 2P V
D. 3P V
Answer: B
18. Forty calories of heat is needed to raise the temperature of 1 mol of an
ideal monatomic gas from 20

∘
C to 30
∘
C at a constant pressure. The
amount of heat required to raise its temperature over the same interval
at a constant volume (R = 2calmol

−1
K
−1
) is
A. 20 cal
B. 40 cal
C. 60 cal
D. 80 cal
Answer: A
19. For a gas the differce between the two specific heat is 4150J / kgK .
What is the specific heat at constant volume of gas if the ratio of sepcific
heat is 1.4
A. 8475J / kg − K
B. 5186J / kg − K
C. 1660J / kg − K
D. 10375J / kg − K
Answer: D

20. The specific heat at constant volume for the monatomic argon is
0.075kcal / kg − K , whereas its gram molecular specific heat is
CV = 2.98cal / mol / K . The mass of the argon atom is (Avogadro's
number = 6.02 × 10
23
molecules / mol)
A. 6.60 × 10 − 23
g
B. 3.30 × 10 − 23
g
C. 2.20 × 10 − 23
g
D. 13.20 × 10 − 23
g
Answer: A
21. The temperature of 5mol of gas which was held at constant volume
was change from 100

∘
C to 120
∘
C . The change in internal energy was
found to have 80J . The total heat capacity of the gas at constant volume
will be equal to
A. 8J K −1
B. 0.8J K −1
C. 4J K −1
D. 0.4J K −1
Answer: C
22. A gas is heated at a constant pressure. The fraction of heat supplied
used of external work is
1
A.
γ
1
B. (1 − )
γ
C. γ − 1
1
D. (1 − )
2
γ
Answer: B
23. A monatomic gas expands at constant pressure on heating. The
percentage of heat supplied that increases the internal energy of the gas
and that is involed in the expansion is
A. 75 % , 25 %
B. 25 % , 75 %
C. 60 % , 40 %
D. 40 % , 60 %
Answer: C
24. The average degree of freedom per molecule for a gas is 6. The gas
performs 25 J of work when it expands at constant pressure. The heat
absorbed by the gas is

A. 75J
B. 100J
C. 150J
D. 125J
Answer: B
25. Certain amount of an ideal gas is contained in a closed vessel. The
vessel is moving with a constant velcity v. The molecular mass of gas is M
. The rise in temperature of the gas when the vessel is suddenly stopped
is (γC P
/ CV )
2
M v (γ − 1)
A.
2R(γ + 1)
2
M v (γ − 1)
B.
2R
2
Mv
C.
2R(γ + 1)
2
Mv
D.
2R(γ − 1)
Answer: B
26. The density of a polyatomic gas in stantard conditions is 0.795kgm −3

.
The specific heat of the gas at constant
A. 930J − kg
−1
K
−1
B. 1400J − kg
−1
K
−1
C. 1120J − kg
−1
K
−1
D. 1600J − kg
−1
K
−1
Answer: B
27. The value of CP − Cv = 1.00R for a gas in state A and
CP − Cv = 1.06R in another state. If PA and PB denote the pressure

and T and T denote the temperature in the two states, then
A B
A. P A
= PB , TA > TB
B. P A
< PB , TA = TB
C. P A
< PB , TA > TB
D. P A
= PB , TA < TB
Answer: C
28. When 1 mole of monoatomic gas is mixed with 2 moles of diatomic
gas, then find gamma` for the mixture of gases.
29. Twenty-two grams of CO at 2

27
∘
C is mixed with 16g of O at
2
37
∘
C .
The temperature of the mixture is about

A. 31.5 ∘
C
B. 27 ∘
C
C. 37 ∘
C
D. 30.5 ∘
C
Answer: A
30. A gas mixture coinsists of (2) moles of oxygen and (4) moles of argon
at temperature (T). Neglecting all vibrational modes, the total internal
energy of the system is (jee 1999)
(a) 4 RT (b) 15 RT ( c) 9 RT (d) 11 RT.
A. 4RT
B. 15RT
C. 9RT
D. 11RT
Answer: D
31. A thermodynamic system is taken through the cyclic P QRSP process.
The net work done by the system is
A. 20J
B. − 20J
C. 400J
D. − 374J
Answer: B
32. An ideal gas is taken around ABCA as shown in the above P − V
diagram. The work done during a cycle is
A. 2P V
B. P V
C. 1 / 2P V
D. Zero
Answer: A
33. An ideal gas of mass m in a state A goes to another state B V iα three
different processes as shown in figure. If Q

1, Q2 and Q3 denote the heat
absorbed by the gas along the three paths,then
A. Q1 < Q2 < Q3
B. Q1 < Q2 = Q3
C. Q1 = Q2 > Q3
D. Q 1
> Q2 > Q3
Answer: A
34. The relation between the internal energy U adiabatic constant γ is
PV
A. U =
γ − 1
γ
PV
B. U =
γ − 1
PV
C. U =
γ
γ
D. U =
PV
Answer: A

35. A thermodynamic process is shown in the figure. The pressures and
volumes corresponding to some points in the figure are:
4 4 −3 3 −
PA = 3 × 10 P a, PB = 8 × 10 P a and VA = 2 × 10 m , VD = 5 × 10
. In process AB, 600 J of heat is added to the system and in process BC,
200 J of heat is added to the system. The change in internal energy of the
system in process AC would be :
A. 560J
B. 800J
C. 600J
D. 640J
Answer: A
36. If R is universal gas constant , the amount of heat needed to raise the
temperature of 2 moles of an ideal monatomic gas from 273 K to 373 K
when no work id done is
A. 100R
B. 150R
C. 300R
D. 500R
Answer: C

37. During an adiabatic process, the pressure of gas is found to be
proportional to the cube of its absolute temperature. The ratio of
(Cp , m / Cv , m ) for gas is :
3
A.
2
4
B.
3
C. 2
5
D.
3
Answer: A
8
38. An ideal gas at 27 ∘
C is compressed adiabatically to of its original
27
5
volume. The rise in temperature is (γ = )
3
A. 450K
B. 375K
C. 225K
D. 405K
Answer: B
39. Four curves A, B, C and D are drawn in Fig. for a given amount of
gas. The curves which represent adabatic and isothermal changes
A. C and D, respectively
B. D andC , respectively
C. A and B, respectively
D. B and A, respectively
Answer: C
40. A thermal insulated container is divided into two parts by a screen, In
one part the pressure and tempertature are P and T for an ideal gas filled.
In the second part is vacuum. If now a small hole is created in the screen,
then the temperatue of the gas will.....
A. decrease
B. increase
C. remain same
D. none of these
Answer: C
41. Two samples, A and B of a gas at the same initial temperature and
pressure are compressed from volume V to V/2, A isothermally and B
adiabatically. The final pressure of A will be
A. greater than the final pressure of B
B. equal to the final pressure of B
C. less than final pressure of B
D. twice the final pressure of B
Answer: C
42. 1 cm
3
of waterr at its boiling point absorbs 540 calories of heat to
become steam with a volume of 1671 cm

3
. If the atmospheric pressure
= 1.013 × 10 N / m
5 2
and the mechanical equivalent of heat = 4.19
J/calorie, the energy spent in this process in overcoming inter molecular
forces is
A. 540cal
B. 40cal
C. 500cal
D. Zero
Answer: C
43. Five moles of hydrogen gas are heated from 30

∘
C to 60
∘
C at
constant pressure. Heat given to the gas is (given R = 2cal / mol
degrees)
A. 750cal
B. 630cal
C. 1050cal
D. 1470cal
Answer: C
5
44. For a particular gas γ = and is heated at constant pressure.
3
Calculate the percentage of total heat supplied, used for external work.
A. 40 %
B. 30 %
C. 60 %
D. 20 %
Answer: A

45. At 100 ∘
C the volume of 1kg of water is 10 −3
m
3
and volume of 1kg of
steam at normal pressure is 1.671m

3
. The latent heat of steam is
2.3 × 10 J / kg
6
and the normal pressure is 5 × 10 5
N /m
2
. If 5kg of water
at 100
∘
C is converted into steam, the increase in the internal energy of
water in this process will be
A. 8.35 × 10 5
J
B. 10.66 × 10 6
J
C. 11.5 × 10 5
J
D. zero
Answer: B
46. In the following pressure-volume diagram, the isochoric, isothermal
and isobaric parts, respectively, are

A. BA, AD, DC
B. DC, CB, BA
C. AB, BC, CD
D. CD, DA, AB
Answer: D
47. The P − V diagram of a system undergoing thermodynnaic
transformation is shown in Fig. The work done on the system in going

from A → B → C is 50J and 20cal heat is given to the system. The
change in internal erergy between A and C is
A. 34J
B. 70J
C. 84J
D. 134J
Answer: D

48. In the following indicator diagram, the net amount of work done will
be
A. positive
B. negative
C. zero
D. infinity
Answer: B

49. A cyclic process for one mole of an ideal gas is shown in the V-T
diagram. The work done in AB, BC and CA repectively are
V1
A. 0, RT 2 1n( ), R(T1 − T2 )
V2
V1
B. R(T 1 − T2 ), 0, RT1 1n( )
V2
V2
C. 0, RT 2 1n( ), R(T1 − T2 )
V1
V2
D. 0, RT 2 1n( ), R(T2 − T1 )
V1
Answer: C

50. A cyclic process ABCD is shown in P-V diagram for an ideal gas. Which
of the following diagram represents the same process?
A. ` `
B.
C.
D.
Answer: A

51. An ideal gas expands in such a manner that its pressure and volume
can be related by equation PV

2
= constant. During this process, the
gas is
A. heated
B. cooled
C. neither heated nor cooled
D. first heated and then cooled
Answer: B
52. A cyclic process ABCA shown in V-T diagram, is performed with a
constant mass of an ideal gas. Which of the following graphs in figure

represents the corresponding process on a P-V diagram?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Answer: C
p0
53. One mole of a diatomic.gas undergoes a process p = ,
V
1 + ( 3
)
( V0 )
where p0 and V0 are constants . The translational kinetic energy of the
gas when V=V is given by

0
A. 5P 0 V0 /4
B. 3P 0 V0 /4
C. 3P 0 V0 /2
D. 5P 0 V0 /2
Answer: B
54. If 50cal of heat is supplied at constant pressure to the system
containing 2mol of an ideal monatomic gas, the rise in temperature is
(R = 2cal / mol − K)
A. 50K
B. 5K
C. 10K
D. 20K
Answer: B
55. In the given elliptical P − V diagram
A. the work done is positive
B. the change in internal energy is non-zero
C. the work done = − (π / 4)(P2 − P1 )(V2 − V1 )
D. the work done

2 2
= π(V1 − V2 ) − π(P1 − P2 )
Answer: C

56. Three processes compose a thermodynamic cycle shown in the
accompanying P − V , diagram of an ideal gas.
Process 1 → 2 take place at constant temperature, during this process
60J of heat enters the system.
Process 2 → 3 takes place at constant volume. During this process 40J of
heat leaves the system.
Process 3 → 1 is adiabatic.
What is the change in internal energy of the during process 3 → 1 ?
A. − 40J
B. − 20J
C. + 20J
D. + 40J
Answer: D
57. When an ideal gas is taken from state a to b, along a path acb, 84kJ of
heat flows into the gas and the gas does 32kJ of work. The following
conclusions are drawn. Mark the one which is not correct.

A. If the work done along the path adb is 10.5kJ , the heat will flow
into the gas is 62.5kJ
B. When the gas is returned from b to a along the curved path, the
work done on the gas is 21kJ , and the system absorbs 73kJ of heat
C. If Ua = 0, Ud = 42kJ , and the work done along the path adb is
10.5kJ then the heat absorbed in the process ad is 52.5kJ .
D. If U a
= 0, Ud = 42kJ , heat absorbed in the process db is 10kJ .
Answer: B
58. A sample of an ideal gas is taken through the cyclic-process ABCA
shown in Fig. It rejects 50J of heat during the part AB, doens not absorb
or reject the heat during BC , and accepts 70J of heat during CA . Forty
joules of works is done on the gas during the part BC . The internla
energies at B and C , respectively, will be (Internal Energy at

A=1500Joules)
A. 1450J and 1410J
B. 1550J and 1590J
C. 1450J and 1490J
D. 1550J and 1510J
Answer: C

59. Vairation of internal energy with density of one mole of monoatomic
gas is depicate in the adjoining figure. Correpsponding variation of
pressure with volume can be depicted (Assuming the curve is rectangular
hyperbola)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Answer: D
60. A cyclic process ABCD is shown in the P − V diagram. Which of the
following curves represents the same process?

5 5
A. R,
2 2
5 5
B. R,
2 3
7 7
C. R,
2 2
5 7
D. R,
2 5
Answer: B

61. A vessel of volume 20L contains a mixture o hydrogen and helium at
temperature of 27 ∘
C and pressure 2.0atm The mass of the mixture is 5g.
Assuming the gases to be ideal, the ratio of the mass of hydrogen to heat
of helium in the given mixture will be
A. (a)1 : 2
B. (b)2 : 3
C. (c)2 : 1
D. (d)2 : 5
Answer: D
62. A cylinder of ideal gas is closed by an 8kg movable piston of area
60cm
2
. The atmospheric pressure is 100kPa. When the gas is heated form
30
∘
C to 100 ∘
C , the piston rises 20 cm. The piston is then fastened in the
place and the gas is cooled back to 30 ∘

C . If ΔQ is the heat added to the
1
gas during heating and ΔQ2 is the heat lost during cooling, find the
difference.
A. (a)zero
B. (b)136J
C. (c)− 136J
D. (d)− 68J
Answer: B
63. A certain ideal gas undergoes a polytropic process PV

n
= constant
such that the molar specific heat during the process is negative. If the
ratio of the specific heats of the gas be γ , then the range of values of n
will be
A. (a)0 < n < γ
B. (b)1 < n < γ

C. (c)n = γ
D. (d)n > γ
Answer: B
64. A cylindrical chamber A of uniform cross section is divided into two
parts X and Y by a movalbe piston P which can slide without friction
inside the chamber. Initially part X contains 1mol of a monochromatic
gas and Y contains 2mol of a diatomic gas, and the volumes of X and Y
are in the ratio 1: 2 with both parts X and Y being at the same
temperature T . Assuming the gases to be ideal, the work W that will be
done in moving the piston slowly to the position where the ratio of the
volumes of X and Y is 2 : 1 will be
A. − 5.8T
B. 8.3T
C. 12.3T
D. zero
Answer: A

65. An ideal gas (1 mol, monatomic) is in the intial state P (see Fig.) on an
isothermal A at temperature T0 . It is brought under a constant volume
(2V0 ) process to Q which lies on an adiabatic B intersecting the
isothermal A at (P 0
, V0 , T0 ) . The change in the internal energy of the gas
during the process is (in terms of T 0

2/3
)(2 = 1.587)
A. (a)2.3T 0
B. (b)− 4.6T 0
C. (c)− 2.3T 0
D. (d)4.6T 0
Answer: B
66. Figure shows an isochore, an isotherm, an adiabatic and two isobars
of two gases on a work done versus heat supplied curve. The initial states
of both gases are the same and the scales for the two axes are same.
A. Straight line 1 corresponds to an isochoric process.
B. Straight line 2 corresponds to an isobaric process for diatomic gas.
C. Straight line 4 corresponds to an isothermal process.
D. Straight line 5 corresponds to an isothermal process.
Answer: D

67. A stationary cylinder of oxygent used in a hospital has the following
characteristics at room temperature 300K, gauge pressure 1.38 × 10 Pa. 7
volume 16L . If the flow area, measured at atmospheric pressure, is
constant at 2.4L / min , the cylinder will last for nearly
A. 5h
B. 10h
C. 15h
D. 20h
Answer: C
68. A sample of ideal gas is expanded to twice its original volume of
1.00m
3
in a quasi-static process for which P = αV
2
, with
α = 5.00atm / m
6
, as shown in Fig. How much wor is done on the
expanding gas ?
A. 8 × 105
J
B. 7 × 105
J
C. 6 × 105
J
D. 3 × 105
J
Answer: B

69. One mole of air (C V
= 5R / 2) is confined at atmospheric pressure in
a cylinder with a piston at 0

∘
C . The initial volume occupied by gas is V .
After the equivalent of 13200J of heat is transferred to it, the volume of
gas V is nearly (1atm 5

= 10 N / m )
3
A. 37L
B. 22L
C. 60L
D. 30L
Answer: C
70. A thermodynamic process is shown in the figure. The pressures and
volumes corresponding to some points in the figure are:
4 4 −3 3 −
PA = 3 × 10 P a, PB = 8 × 10 P a and VA = 2 × 10 m , VD = 5 × 10
. In process AB, 600 J of heat is added to the system and in process BC,
200 J of heat is added to the system. The change in internal energy of the
system in process AC would be :
A. 560J
B. 800J
C. 60J
D. 640J
Answer: A

71. Carbon monoxide is carried around a closed cyclic processes abc , in
which bc is an isothermal process, as shown in Fig. The gas absorbs 7000J
of heat as its temperature is increased from 300K to 1000K in going
from a to b. The quantity of heat ejected by the gas during the process ca
is
A. 4200J
B. 500J
C. 9000J
D. 9800J
Answer: D
72. An ideal gas is taken through a cyclic thermodynamic process through
four steps. The amounts of heat involved in these steps are
Q1 = 5960J , Q2 = − 5585J , Q3 = − 2980J and Q4 = 3645J ,
respectively. The corresponding quantities of work involved are
W1 = 2200J , W2 = − 825J , W3 = − 1100J and W4 respectively.
(1) Find the value of W .

4
(2) What is the efficiency of the cycle
73. Pressure versus temperature graph of an ideal gas as shown in Fig.
Corresponding density (ρ) versus volume (V ) graph will be

A.
B.
C.
D.
Answer: B
74. An ideal gas is taken through cycle A → B → C − A , as shown in
Fig. IF the net heat supplied to the gas in the cycle is 5 J, the work done by
the gas in the process C → A is
A. − 5J
B. − 10J
C. − 15J
D. − 20J
Answer: A

75. Two identical cylinders A and B with frictionless pistons contain the
same ideal gas at the same temperature and the same voluem V. The
mass of gas Aism A and tôfBism B .The gs in eah cylinder is notw
allowed to expand isothermally to the same final volume 2V . The change
in the pressure in A and B are found ot be ΔP and 1.5ΔP respecitvely
Then
A. 4m A
= 9m B
B. 2m A
= 3m B
C. 3m A
= 2m B
D. 9m A
= 4m B
Answer: C
76. Argon gas is adiabatically compressed to half its volume. If P, V and
T represent the pressure, volume and temperature of the gasous,

respectively, at any stage, then the correct equation representing the
process is
A. T V 2/5
= constant
B. T V 5/3
= constant
C. T P −2/5
= constant
D. P T −2/5
= constant
Answer: C
77. A fixed mass of helium gas is made to undergo a process in which its
pressure varies linearly from 1kP a to 2kP a , in relation to its volume as
the latter varies from 0.2m to 3

0.4m
3
. The heat absorbed by the gas will
be
A. 300J
B. 900J
C. 1200J
D. 1500J
Answer: C
78. Oxygen gas is made to undergo a process in which its molar heat
capacity C depends on its absolute temperature T as C = αT . Work
done by it when heated from an initial temperature T0 to a final
temperature 2T , will be
0
A. 4αT 0
3T0
B. (αT 0
− R)
2
T0
C. (3αT 0
− 5R)
2
D. none of these
Answer: C
79. If the ratio of specific heat of a gas at constant pressure to that at
constant volume is γ , the change in internal energy of a mass of gas
when the volume changes from V to 2V at constant pressure p is
A. R / (γ − 1)
B. pV
C. pV / (γ − 1)
D. γpV / (γ − 1)
Answer: C
80. A gas is at 1 atm pressure with a volume 800cm

3
. When 100J of heat
is supplied to the gas, it expands to 1L at constant pressure. The change
in its internal energy is

A. 80J
B. − 80J
C. 20J
D. − 20J
Answer: A
81. A fixed mass of a gas is first heated isobarically to double the volume
and then cooled isochorically
A. (a)2
B. (b)1 / 2
C. (c)1n 2
D. (d)1n 3
Answer: C
82. An ideal heat engine has an efficiency η. The cofficient of performance
of the engine when driven backward will be
A. 1 − (1 / η)
B. η / (1 − η)
C. (1 / η) − 1
D. 1 / (1 − η)
Answer: C
83. Two moles of helium gas are taken along the path ABCD (as shown
in Fig.) The work done by the gas is

1 4
A. 2000R( + 1n )
2 3
B. 500R(R + 1n4)
16
C. 500R(2 + 1n )
9
16
D. 1000R(1 + 1n )
9
Answer: A
84. Figure shows the adiabatic curve for n moles of an ideal gas, the bulk
modulus for the gas corresponding to the point P will be

5nRT0
A.
3V0
T0
B. nR(2 + )
V0
T0
C. nR(1 + )
V0
2nRT0
D.
V0
Answer: D

85. Two moles of an ideal gas is contained in a cylinder fitted with a
frictionless movable piston, exposed to the atmosphere, at an initial
temperature T . The gas is slowly heated so that its volume becomes four
0
times the initial value. The work done by gas is
A. zero
B. 2RT 0
C. 4RT 0
D. 6RT 0
Answer: D
86. The equation of state for a gas is given by P V = ηRT + αV , where η
is the number of moles and α a positive constant. The intinal pressure
and temperature of 1 mol of the gas contained in a cylinder is P0 and T0 ,
respectively. The work done by the gas when its temperature doubles
isobarically will be
P0 T0 R
A.
P0 − α
P0 T0 R
B.
P0 + α
C. P 0
T0 R 1n 2
D. none of these
Answer: A
87. A sound wave passing volume 1m

3
is divided into two equal
compartments by a partition. One of these compartments contains an
ideal gas at 300K . The other compartment is vacuum. The whole system
is thermally isolated from its surroundings. The partition is removed and
the gas expands to occupy the whole volume of the container. Its
temperature now would be
A. 8.97 × 10 −4
K
B. 8.97 × 10 −6
K
C. 8.97 × 10 −8
K
D. none of these
Answer: C
88. A container of volume 1m

3
is divided into two equal parts by a
partition. One part has an ideal gas at 300K and the other part is vacuum.
The whole system is thermally isolated from the surroundings. When the
partition is removed, the gas expands to occupy the whole volume. Its
temperature will now be .......
A. 300K
B. 250K
C. 200K
D. 10K
Answer: A
89. The molar specific heat of oxygen at constant pressure
CP = 7.03cal / mol.
∘
C and R = 8.31J / mol.
∘
C . The amount of heat
taken by 5 mol of oxygen when heated at constant volume from 10 ∘

C to
20
∘
C will be approximately.
A. 25 cal
B. 50 cal
C. 250 cal
D. 500 cal
Answer: C
90. Four moles of hydrogen, 2 moles of helium and 1 mole of water form
an ideal gas mixture. What is the molar specific heat at constant pressure
of mixture ?
16
A. R
7
7R
B.
16
C. R
23
D. R
7
Answer: D
91. In a adiabatic process pressure is increased by 2/3 % if
CP / CV . Then the volume decreases by about

= 3/2
4
A. %
9
2
B. %
3
C. 4 %
9
D. %
4
Answer: A
92. Two cylinders A and B fitted with pistons contain equal amounts of an
ideal diatomic gas at 300K. The piston of A is free to move, while that B is
held fixed. The same amount of heat is given to the gas in each cylinder. If
the rise in temperature of the gas in A is 30K, then the rise in
temperature of the gas in B is
A. 30K
B. 18K
C. 50K
D. 42K
Answer: D

93. Carbon monoxide is carried around a closed cyclic processes abc , in
which bc is an isothermal process, as shown in Fig. The gas absorbs 7000J
of heat as its temperature is increased from 300K to 1000K in going
from a to b. The quantity of heat ejected by the gas during the process ca
is
A. 4200J
B. 500J
C. 9000J
D. 9800J
Answer: D
94. If for hydrogen C P − CV = m and for nitrogen C P − CV , where

= n
CP and CV refer to specific heats per unit mass respectively at constant
pressure and constant volume, the relation between m and n is
(molecular weight of hydrogen = 2 and molecular weight or nitrogen = 14)
A. n = 14m
B. n = 7m
C. m = 7n
D. m = 14n
Answer: C
95. Five moles of hydrogen (γ = 7 / 5) , initially at ST P , is compressed
adiabatically so that its temperature becomes 400

∘
C . The increase in the
internal energy of the gas in kilojules is (R = 8.30J / mol − K)
A. 21.55
B. 41.5
C. 65.55
D. 80.55
Answer: B
96. One mole of gas having γ = 7/5 is mixed with 1 mole of a gas having
γ = 4/3 . What will be γ for the mixture ?
15
A.
11
5
B.
13
5
C.
11
15
D.
13
Answer: A
97. The specific heats of an ideal gas at constant pressure and constant
volume are 525J / kg − .

∘
C and 315J / kg − .
∘
C respectively. Its
density at NTP is
A. 1.77kg / m 3
B. 0.77kg / m 3
C. 1.77g / m 3
D. 0.77g / m 3
Answer: A

98. An ideal gas expands isothermally from volume V1 to V2 and is then
compressed to original volume V adiabatically. Initialy pressure is P and

1 1
final pressure is P . The total work done is W . Then

3
A. P 3
> P1 , W > 0
B. P 3
< P1 , W < 0
C. P 3
> P1 , W < 0
D. P 3
= P1 , W = 0
Answer: C
99. Internal energy of n1 mol of hydrogen of temperature T is equal to
the internal energy of n2 mol of helium at temperature 2T . The ratio
n1 / n2 is
3
A.
5
2
B.
3
6
C.
5
3
D.
7
Answer: C
100. An ideal gas (γ = 1.5) is expanded adiabatically. How many times
has the gas to be expanded to reduce the root-mean-square velocity of
molecules becomes half ?
A. 4 times
B. 16 times
C. 8 times
D. 2 times
Answer: B
101. If 2 moles of an ideal monoatomic gas at temperature T0 is mixed
with 4 moles of another ideal monoatomic gas at temperature 2T0 , then
the temperature of the mixture is
5
A. T0
3
3
B. T0
2
4
C. T0
3
5
D. T0
4
Answer: A
102. Three samples A , B and C of the same gas (γ = 1.5) have equal
volumes and temperatures. The volume of each sample is doubled, the
process being isothermal for A, adiabatic for B and isobaric for C . If the
final pressures are equal for the three samples, Find the ratio of the
initial pressures.
A. 2√2 : 2 : 1
B. 2√2 : 1 : 2
C. √2 : 1 : 2
D. 2 : 1√2
Answer: B
103. p-V diagram of an ideal gas is as shown in figure. Work done by the
gas in the process ABCD is

A. 4P 0 V0
B. 2P 0 V0
C. 3P 0 V0
D. P 0 V0
Answer: C

104. ‘n’ moles of an ideal gas undergoes a process A → B as shown in
the figure. The maximum temperature of the gas during the process will
be :
3P0 V0
A.
2nR
9P0 V0
B.
4nR
9P0 V0
C.
2nR
9P0 V0
D.
nR
Answer: B
105. The relation between internal energy U, pressure P and volume V of a
gas in an adiabatic process is U= a + bPV, where a and b are positive
constants. What is the value of γ ?
a
A.
b
b + 1
B.
b
a + 1
C.
a
b
D.
a
Answer: B

106. One mole of an ideal gas at temperature T1 expands slowly
P
according to the law = constant. Its final temperature is T2 . The work
V
bone by the gas is
A. R(T 2
− T1 )
B. (R / 2)(T 2
− T1 )
C. (R / 4)(T 2
− T1 )
D. P V (T 2
− T1 )
Answer: B
107. Two moles of an ideal gas at temperature T0 = 300K was cooled
isochorically so that the pressure was reduced to half. Then, in an isobaric
process, the gas expanded till its temperature got back to the initial
value. Find the total amount of heat absorbed by the gas in the processs
A. 150RJ
B. 300RJ
C. 75RJ
D. 100RJ
Answer: B
108. An ideal gas is taken around the cycle ABCA shown in P − V
diagram. The net work done by the gas during the cycle is equal to
A. 12P 1
V1
B. 6P 1
V1
C. 3P 1
V1
D. P 1
V1
Answer: C
109. Heat energy absorbed by a system is going through a cyclic process
shown is Fig. 15.9.3.

A. 10
7
πJ
B. 10
4
πJ
C. 10
2
πJ
D. 10 −3
πJ
Answer: C

110. A diatomic ideal gas is heated at constant volume until the pressure
is doubled and again heated at constant pressure until the volume is
doubled. The average molar heat capacity for the whole process is
13R
A.
6
19R
B.
6
23R
C.
6
17R
D.
6
Answer: B
111. One mole of an ideal gas is taken from state A to state B by three
different processes (a) ACB , (b) ADB and (c ) AEB as shown in the
P − V diagram. The heat absorbed by the gas is
A. greater in process (b) than in (a)
B. the least in process (b)
C. the same in (a) and (c )
D. less in (c ) than in (b)
Answer: D

112. One mole of an ideal gas at pressure P0 and temperature T0 is
expanded isothermally to twice its volume and then compressed at
constant pressure to (V 0
/ 2) and the gas is brought bac to original state
by a process in which P αV (pressure is directly proportional to volume).
The correct temperature of the process is
A.
B.
C.
D.
Answer: C
113. P-T diagram is shown below. Then choose the corresponding V-T
diagram
A.
B.
C.
D.
Answer: D

114. P-V curve of a diatomic gas is shown in the Fig. Find the total heat
given to the gas in the process A → B → C
A. 2.5P 0 V0
B. 1.4P 0 V0
C. 3.9P 0 V0
D. 1.1P 0 V0
Answer: C

115. A gas expands with temperature according to the relation
V = kT
2/3
. What is the work done when the temperature changes by
30
∘
C ?
A. 166.2J
B. 136.2J
C. 126.2J
D. none of these
Answer: A
116. A gas is expanded from volume V0 to 2V0 under three different
processes. Process 1 is isobaric process 2 is isothermal and process 3 is
adiabatic. Let ΔU 1, ΔU2 and ΔU be the change in internal energy of the

3
gas in these three processes. Then
A. ΔU 1
> ΔU 2 > ΔU 3
B. ΔU 1
< ΔU 2 < ΔU 3
C. ΔU 2
< ΔU 1 < ΔU 3
D. ΔU 2
< ΔU 3 < ΔU 1
Answer: A

117. Logarithms of readings of pressure and volume for an ideal gas were
plotted on a graph as shown in Fig. By measuring the gradient, it can be
shwon that the gas may be
A. monatomic and undergoing an adiabatic change
B. monatomic and undergoing an isothermal change
C. diatomic and undergoing an adiabatic change
D. triatomic and undergoing an isothermal change
Answer: C

118. Two moles of an ideal mono-atomic gas undergo a cyclic process as
shown in the figure. The temperatures in different states are given as
6T1 = 3T2 = 2T4 = T3 = 1800K . Determine the work done by the gas
during the cycle.
A. − 10kJ
B. − 20kJ
C. − 15kJ
D. − 30kJ
Answer: A
119. ‘n’ moles of an ideal gas undergoes a process A → B as shown in the
figure. The maximum temperature of the gas during the process will be :
P0 V0
A.
nR
3P0 V0
B.
nR
4P0 V0
C.
nR
2P0 V0
D.
nR
Answer: C
120. A vessel contains a mixture consisting of m 1 = 7g of nitrogen (
M1 = 28 ) and m 2 = 11g of carbon dioxide (M 2

) at temperature
= 44
T=300 K and pressure P 0

= 1 atm. The density of the mixture is
A. 0.72kg / m 3
B. 1.44kg / m 3
C. 2.88kg / m 3
D. 5.16kg / m 3
Answer: B
121. The mass of a gas molecule can be computed form the specific heat
at constant volume. Take CV = 0.075kcalkg

−1
k
−1
for argon and
calculate
a. the mass of an argon atom
b. the atomic weight of argon.
A. 40kg
B. 40 × 10 −3
kg
C. 20kg
D. 20 × 10 −3
kg
Answer: B

122. A certain balloon maintains an internal gas pressure of P 0
= 100kP a
until the volume reaches V0 = 20m

3
. Beyond a volume of 20m
3
, the
internal pressure varies as where is in kPa.

2
P = P0 + 2k(V − V0 ) P V
is in m
3
and k is a constant (k = 1kP a / m )
3
. Initially the balloon
contains helium gas at 20 ∘

C , 100 kPa with a 15m volume. The balloon is
3
then heated until the volume becomes 25m and the pressure is 150 kPa.
3
Assume ideal gas behavior for helium. The work done by the balloon for
the entire process in kJ is
A. 1256
B. 1414
C. 1083
D. 1512
Answer: C

123. A spherical balloon contains air at temperature T0 and pressure P0 .
The balloon material is such that the instantaneous pressure inside is
proportional to the square of the diameter. When the volume of the
balloon doubles as a result of heat transfer, the expansion follows the law
A. P V = constant
B. P V 2/5
= constant
C. P V −1
= constant
D. P V −2/3
= constant
Answer: D

124. Find work done by the gas in the process shown in figure.
5
A. πatmL
2
5
B. atmL
2
3
C. − πatmL
2
5
D. − πatmL
4
Answer: D

125. Two different ideal diatomic gases A and B are initially in the same
state. A and B are then expanded to same final volume through
adiabatic and isothermal process respectively. If PA , PB and TA , TB
represents the final pressure and temperature of A and B respectively
then.
A. P A
< PB and T A
< TB
B. P A
> PB and T A
> TB
C. P A
> PB and T A
< TB
D. P A
< PB and T A
> TB
Answer: A
126. Three moles of an ideal monoatomic gas performs a cyclic process as
shown in the figure. The temperatures in different states are T 1

= 400K ,
T_(2)=800K, T_(3)=2400K and T_(4)=1200K

. Deter min ethew or kdo ≠ bythegasdur ∈ gthecyc ≤ . ["Given
R"=8.31"J-mol"^(-1)K^(-1)]`
A. 5kJ
B. 10kJ
C. 15kJ
D. 20kJ
Answer: D

127. For process 1, ΔU is positive, for process 2, ΔU is zero and for
process 3, ΔU is negative. Find the parameters indicating x and y axes.
A. Temperature and volume
B. Temperature and pressure
C. No. of moles and pressure
D. Volume and pressure
Answer: D

128. In the diagram as shown, find parameters representing x and y axes
and also parameter Z, if Z1 = Z2 , Z3 = Z4 and Z

2 > Z3 :
A. Volume, pressure and temperature
B. Temperature, volume and pressure, it is only possible option
C. Temperature, pressure and volume, it is only possible option.
D. Both (b) and (c )
Answer: D

129. The ratio of heat absorbed and work done by the gas in the process,
as shown is 5 / 2. Find the parameters representing x and y axes :
A. Temperature and pressure
B. Temperature and volume
C. Volume and pressure
D. Volume and density
Answer: B

130. In previous, Find the value of γ = CP / Cv :
A. 1.6
B. 1.5
C. 1.6
D. 1.66
Answer: D
2
131. In an adiabatic process, R = Cv . The pressure of the gas will be
3
proportional to:
A. T 5/3
B. T 5/2
C. T 5/4
D. T 5/6
Answer: B
n1 T1
132. The ratio of pressure of the same gas in two containers is
n2 T2
where n1 & n2 are the number of moles and T1 & T2 are respective
temperatures. If the containers are now joined find the ratio of final
pressure to the temperature :
P1 T2 + P2 T1
A.
2T1 T2
P1 T1 + P2 T1
B.
T1 T2
P1 T1 + P2 T2
C.
2T1 T2
D. none of these
Answer: A

Kγ
133. In an isobaric process, ΔQ = where γ = CP / CV . What is K?
γ − 1
A. Pressure
B. Volume
C. ΔU
D. ΔW
Answer: D
134. On an isothermal process, there are two POINTs A and B at which
pressures and volumes are (2P 0, V0 ) and (P0 , 2V0 ) respectively. If A and
B are connected by a straight line, find the pressure at a POINT on this
straight line at which temperature is maximum
4P0
A.
3
5
B. P0
4
3
C. P0
2
7
D. P0
5
Answer: C
135. On an isothermal process ,there are two points A and B at which
pressures and volumes are (2P0,V0) and (P0,2V0) respectively. A and B are
connected by a straight line then , the temperature of the isothemal
process is how much lower the maximum temperature :
P0 V0
A.
nR
P0 V0
B.
2nR
3P0 V0
C.
2nR
P0 V0
D.
4nR
Answer: D
136. Two cylienders fitted with pistons and placed as shown, connected
with string through a small tube of negligible volume, are filled with gas
at pressure P0 and temperature T0 . The radius of smaller cylinder is half
of the other. If the temperature is increased to 2T0 , find the pressure if
the piston of bigger cylinder moves towards left by 1 metre ?
4
A. P0
5
3
B. P0
5
2
C. P0
5
5
D. P0
4
Answer: D
137. If P is the atmospheric pressure in the last problems find the
percentage increase in tension of the string after heating
25
A.
(1 − P / P0 )
25
B.
(1 − P / P0 )
C. 25(1 − P / P 0
)
D. 25(1 − P / P 0
)
Answer: A
138. Two identical containers A and B having same volume of ideal gas at
the same temperature have mass of the gas as mA and mB respectively.

2m A = 3m B . The gas in each cylinder expand isothermally to double its
volume. If the change in pressure in A is , find the change in pressure

Δp
in B:
A. 2Δp
B. 3Δp
2
C. ΔP
3
4
D. ΔP
3
Answer: C
139. There are two process ABC and DEF . In which of the process is the
amount of work done by the gas is greater ?

A. ABC
B. DEF
C. Equal in both process
D. it cannot be predicted
Answer: B

140. Find the pressure P , in the diagram as shown, of monoatomic gas of
one mole in the process ABC if ΔU / ΔW = 6/7
5
A. P0
2
3
B. P0
2
C. 2P 0
7
D. P0
2
Answer: A
141. The pressure P, Volume V and temperature T of a gas in the jar A and
the other gas in the jar B at pressure 2P , volume V /4 and temperature
2T , then the ratio of the number of molecules in the jar A and B will be
A. 1 : 1
B. 1 : 2
C. 2 : 1
D. 4 : 1
Answer: D
142. At what temperature is the rms velocity of a hydrogen molecule
equal to that of an oxygen molecule at 47 ∘

C ? a) 10 K b) 20 K c) 30 K d) 40
A. 20K
B. 80K
C. − 73K
D. 3K
Answer: A
143. A gas at pressure p0 is contained in a vessel. If the masses of all the
molecules are halved and their speeds doubled, the resulting pressure
would be
A. 4P 0
B. 2P 0
C. P 0
P0
D.
2
Answer: B
144. The root mean square speed of the molecules of a diatomic gas is v.
When the temperature is doubled, the molecules dissociates into two
atoms. The new root mean square speed of the atom is

A. √2v
B. y
C. 2v
D. 4v
Answer: C
145. The molecules of a given mass of a gas have rms velocity of

m
200 at27
∘ 5
C and 1.0 × 10 N / m 2 pressure. When the temperature
s
and pressure of the gas are respectively 127

∘ 5
C and 0.05 × 10 N m
−2
,
the rms velocity of its molecules in ms −1

is
400 100√2 100

(a) (b) (c) (d) 100√2
√3 3 3
100√2
A.
3
B. 100√2
400
C.
√3
D. none of these
Answer: C
146. Which of the following statement is true?
A. Absolute zero degree temperature is not zero enery temperature.
B. Two different gases at the same temperature pressure have equal
root mean square velocities.
C. The rms speed of the molecules of different ideal gases, maintained
at the same temperature are the same.
D. Given sample of 1cc of hydrogen and 1cc of oxygen both at
N.T.P.,oxygen sample has a large number of molecules.
Answer: A

147. At which of the following temperatures would the molecules of a gas
have twice the average kinetic energy they have at 20 ∘

C ?
A. 40 ∘
C
B. 80 ∘
C
C. 313 ∘
C
D. 586 ∘
C
Answer: C
148. A vessel contains a mixture of one mole of Oxygen and two moles of
Nitrogen at 300 K. The ratio of the average kinetic energy per O2
molecule to that per N molecule is :

2
A. 1 : 1
B. 1 : 2
C. 2 : 1
D. Depend on the moments of inertia of the two molecules
Answer: A
149. Three closed vessels (A),(B) and C are at the same temperature (T)
and contain gases which obey Maxwell distribution law of velocities.
Vessel (A) contains O2 , (B) only (N_2) and (C ) mixture of equal quantities
of O and
2
N2 . Iftheavera ≥ speedofthe O_(2)mo ≤ ce s ∈ vessel(A)is
–
v_(1)tôf N_(2)mo ≤ ce s ∈ vessel(B)is v_(2)

–
. thentheavera ≥ speedofthe O_(2)` molecules in vessel (C) is.
A. (V 1
+ V2 ) / 2
B. V 1
C. (V
1/2
1
V2 )
D. √kT / M
Answer: B
150. Suppose ideal gas equation follows VP

3
. Initial
= con tan t
temperature and volume of the gas are T and V respectively. If gas expand
to 27V temperature will become
A. T
B. 9T
C. 27T
D. T/9
Answer: B

151. Two spherical vessel of equal volume are connected by a n arrow
tube. The apparatus contains an ideal gas at one atmosphere and 300K .
Now if one vessel is immersed in a bath of constant temperature 600K
and the other in a bath of constant temperature 300K. then the common
pressure will be
A. 1 atm
4
B. atm
5
4
C. atm
3
3
D. atm
4
Answer: C
152. Pressure versus temperature graphs of an ideal gas are as shown in
figure. Choose the wrong statement.
A. Density of gas is increasing in graph (i)
B. Density of gas is decreasing in graph (ii)
C. Density of gas is constant in graph (iii)
D. None of these
Answer: C
153. Pressure vs volume graph is shown in the figure . Find corresponding
pressure vs temperature graph :
A.
B.
C.
D.
Answer: C
154. A closed hollow insulated cylinder is filled with gas at 0

∘
C and also
contains an insulated piston of negligible weight and negligible thickness
at the middle point. The gas on one side of the piston is heated to 100 ∘
C
. If the piston moves 5cm the length of the hollow cylinder is
A. 13.65 cm
B. 27.5 cm
C. 38.6 cm
D. 64.6 cm
Answer: D
155. The air tight and smooth piston of a cylindrical vessel are connected
with a string as shown. Initially pressure and temperature of the gas are
P0 and T . The atmospheric pressure is also P . At a later time, tension in

0 0
3
the string is P0 A where A is the cross-sectional are of the cylinder. at
8
this time, the temperature of the gas has become.
3
A. T0
8
3
B. T0
4
11
C. T0
8
13
D. T0
8
Answer: C
156. P-T graph for same number of moles of two ideal gases are shown .
Find the path along which volume decreases .

A. A to B
B. B to A
C. C to D
D. D to C
Answer: C

157. A vessel of volume V = 30 litre is separated into three equal parts by
stationary semi permeable membrane . The left , middle and right parts
are filled with m H = 30 gm of hydrogen , m O2

= 160 gm of oxygen and
m N = 70 gm of nitrogen respectively . The left partition lets through
only hydrogen while the right partition lets through hydrogen and
nitrogen . If the temperature in all is 300K , the ratio of pressure in the
three compartments will be :
A. 4 : 9 : 5
B. 1.3 : 4.5 : 2
C. 9 : 4 : 5
D. 9 : 5 : 4
Answer: B
Multiple Corrects
1. For an ideal gas
A. The change in internal energy in a constant pressure process from
trmperature T1 to T2 is equal to nCv (T2 − T1 ) , where Cv is the
molar specific heat at constant volume and n the number of moles
of the gas.
B. The change in internal energy of the gas and the work done by the
gas are equal in magnitude in an adiabatic process.
C. The internal energy does not chagne in an isothermal process.
D. No heat is addes or removed in an adiabatic process.
Answer: A::B::C::D
2. Refer to figure. Let ΔU1 and ΔU2 be the changes in internal energy in
the system in process A + B and ΔW be the net work done by the

system in the process A + B ,
A. ΔU 1 + ΔU 2 = 0
B. ΔU 1 − ΔU 2 = 0
C. ΔQ − ΔW = 0
D. ΔQ + ΔW = 0
Answer: A::C

3. An ideal gas is taken from the state A (pressure p, volume V) to the
state B (pressure p/2, volume 2V) along a straight line path in the p-V
diagram. Select the correct statement from the following
A. The work done by the gas in the process A to B exceeds the work
done that would be done by it if the system were taken from A to
B along an isotherm.
B. In the T − V diagram, the path AB becomes a part of a parabola.
C. In the P − T diagram, the path AB becomes a part of hyperboal.
D. In going from A to B, the temperature T of the gas first increase to
a maximum value and then decreases
Answer: A::B::D

4. A thermally insulated chamber of volume 2V is divided by a frictionless
0
piston of area S into two equal parts A and B Part A has an ideal gas at
pressure p0 and temperature T0 and in part B is vacuum. A massless
spring of force constant K is connected with piston and the wall of the
container as shown. Initially spring is unstretched. Gas in chamber A is
allowed to expand. Let in equilibrium spring is compressed by x . Then

0
Kx 0
A. final pressure of the gas is
S
1
B. work done by the gas is Kx
2
0
2
1
C. change in internal energy of the gas is Kx
2
0
2
D. temperature of the gas is decreased

Answer: A::B::C::D
5. Choose the correct option:
In the arrangement shown in Fig. gas is thermally insulated. An ideal gas
is filled in the cylinder having pressure P0 (gt atmospheric pressure Pa ).
The spring of force constant K is initially un-stretched. The piston of
mass m and area S is frictionless. In equilibrium, the piston rises up by
distance x , then
0
Kx 0 mg
A. final pressure of the gas is P 0 + +
S S
1
B. work done by the gas is Kx
2
0
+ mgx 0
2
1
C. decrease in internal energy of the gas is Kx
2
0
+ mgx 0 + P0 Sx 0
2
D. all of the above
Answer: A::C
6. A gas undergoes change in its state from position A to position B via
three different path as shown in Fig. Select the correct alternatives :
(A)Change in internal energy in all the three paths is equal
(B)In all the three paths heat is absorbed by the gas
(C)Heat absorbed/released by the gas is maximum in path 1
(D)Temperature of the gas first increases and then decreases in path 1

A. Change in internal energy in all the three paths is equal.
B. In all the three paths heat is absorbed by the gas .
C. Heat absorbed / released by the gas is maximum in path (1)
D. Temperature of the gas first increases and then decreases
continuously in path (1)
Answer: A::B::C
7. An ideal gas undergoes a thermodynamic cycle as shown in Fig. Which
of the following statement are correct ?

A. Straight line AB cannot pass through O.
B. During process AB , temperature decreases while during process
BC it increases.
C. During process BC , work is done by the gas against external
pressure and temperature of the gas increases.
D. During process CA , work is done by the gas against external
pressure and heat supplied to the gas is exactly equal to this work.
Answer: B::D

8. At ordinary temperatures, the molecules of an ideal gas have only
translational and rotational kinetic energies. At high temperatures they
may also have vibrational energy.
As a result of this, at higher temperature
3R
A. CV
= for a monatomic gas
2
3R
B. CV
> for a monatomic gas
2
3R
C. CV
< for a diatomic gas
2
3R
D. CV
> for a diatomic gas
2
Answer: A::D
9. The molar heat capacity for an ideal gas
A. cannot be negative
B. be equal to either C or C
V P
C. lie in the range C
V
≤ C ≤ CP
D. it may have any value between − ∞ and + ∞
Answer: A::B::C
10. A closed vessel contains a mixture of two diatomic gases A and B .
Molar mass of A is 16 times that of B and mass of gas A contained in the
vessel is 2 times that of B. Which of the following statements are correct
A. Average kinetic energy per molecule of A is equal to that of B
B. Root mean square value of translational velocity of B is four time
that of A
C. Pressure exerted by B is eight time of the exerted by A.
D. Number of moleucles of B, in the cylinder, is eight times that of A

Answer: A::B::C::D
11. An ideal gas undergoes a thermodynamic cycle as shown in figure:
Which of the following graphs represents the same cycle?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Answer: A::C
12. Which the following statements are correct ?
A. Two bodies at different temperature T1 and T2 are brought in
thermal contact. When thermal equilibrium is attained, the
temperature of each body is (T 1 .

+ T2 ) / 2
B. The coolant used in a car or a chemical or nuclear plant should have
high specific heat.
C. Vapour in equlibrium with its liquid at a constant temperature does
not obey Boyle's law.
D. Two vessels A and B of equal capacity are connected to each other
by a stop cock. Vessel A contains a gas at 0

∘
C and 1 atm pressure.
Vessel B is completely evacuated. When the stop cock is opened,
the final pressure of gas in each vessel will be 0.5 atm.
Answer: B::C::D

13. Figure. Shows the P − V diagram for a Carnot cycle. In this diagram
A. curve AB represents isothemal process and BC adiabatic process
B. curve AB represents adiabatic process and BC isothermal process
C. curve CD represents isothermal process and DA adaibatic process
D. curve CD represent adiabatic process and DA isothermal process
Answer: A::C

14. Figure shows an indicator diagram. During path 1-2-3, 100 cal is given
to the system and 40 cal worth work is done. During pat 1-4-3, the work
done is 10 cal . Then
A. heat given to the system during path 1-4-3 is 70 cal
B. if the systems is brought from 3 to 1 along straight line path 3-1,
work done is worth 25 cal
C. along straight line path 3-1, the heat ejected by the system is 85J
D. the internal energy of the system in state 3 is 140 cal above that in
state 1
Answer: A::B::C
15. One mole of an ideal monatomic gas has initial temperature T0 , is
made to go through the cycle abca shown in Fig. If U denotes the internal
energy, then choose the correct alternative
A. UC
> Ub > Ua
B. UC
− Ub = 3RT0
9RT0
C. Uc − Ua =
2
3RT0
D. Ub
− Ua =
2
Answer: A::B::C::D
16. P − V diagram of a cyclic process ABCA is as shown in Fig. Choose
the correct alternative
(A)ΔQ A→B
= negative (B)ΔU B→C
= positive (C)ΔU
C→A
= negative
(D)ΔW CAB
= negative
A. ΔQ A
→ .B is negative
B. ΔU b
→ .c is negative
C. ΔU c → .A is negative
D. ΔW CAB
is negative
Answer: A::B::D
17. During the process AB of an ideal gas
A. work done on the gas is zero
B. density of the gas is constant
C. slope of line AB from the T-axis is inversely proportional to the
number of moles of the gas

D. slope of line AB from the T-axis is directly proportional to the
number of moles of the gas
Answer: A::B::D
18. Temperature versus pressure graph of an ideal gas is shown in figure.
During the process AB
A. internal energy of the gas remains constant

B. volume of the gas is increased
C. work done by the atmosphere on the gas is positive
D. pressure is inversely proportional to volume
Answer: A::C::D
19. An ideal gas undergoes the cyclic process shown in a graph below :
A. T 1
= T2
B. T 1
> T2
C. V a
Vc = Vb Vd
D. V a
Vb = Vc Vd
Answer: B::C
20. The indicator diagram for two processes 1(isothermal) and
2(adiabatic) carrying on an ideal gas is shown in Fig. If m and

1
m2 be the
slopes (dP / dV ) for process 1 and process 2, respectively, then
A. m 1 = m2
B. m 1 > m2
C. m 1 < m2
D. m 2 CV = m 1 CP
Answer: C::D

7
21. Three moles of an ideal gas (Cp = R) at pressure, PA and
2
temperature TA is isothermally expanded to twice its initial volume. It is
then compressed at constant pressure to its original volume. Finally gas
is compressed at constant volume to its original pressure P . A
(a) Sketch P-V and P-T diagrams for the complete process.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Answer: A::C
22. An ideal gas is taken from the state A (pressure p, volume V) to the
p
state B (pressure , volume 2V) along a straight line path in the p-V
2
diagram. Select the correct statement(s) from the following.
A. The work done by the gas in process AB is greater than the work
that would be done if the system were taken from A to B along the
isotherm
B. In the P − T diagram, the path AB becomes a part of parabola
C. In the P − T diagram, the path AB becomes a part of hyperbola

D. In going from A to B, the temperature T of the gas first increase to
a maximum value and then decreases
Answer: A::B::D
23. A partition divides a container having insulated walls into two
compartments whose initial paraments are given. The partition is a
conducting wall which can move freely without friction. Which of the
following statements is/are correct, with reference to the final
equilibrium position ?
A. The pressure in the two compartments are equal.
B. Volume of compartment I is 3V /5
C. Volume of compartment II is 12V /5
D. Final pressure in compartment I is 5P / 3
Answer: A::B::C::D
24. During an experiment, an ideal gas is found to obey a condition

2
p
= constant . (ρ = density of the gas). The gas is initially at
ρ
temperature (T), pressure (p) and density ρ. The gas expands such that
density changes to ρ / 2.
A. The pressure of the gas changes to √2P
B. The temperature of the gas change to √2T .
The graph of the above process on the P − T diagram is parabola.

C. The graph of the above process on the P − T diagram is
hyperbola.
D.
Answer: B::D
25. Pick the correct statement (s) :
A. The rms translational speed for all ideal gas molecules at the same
temperature is not the same but it depends on the mass
B. Each particle in a gas has average transloational kinetic energy and
the equation 2
1 / 2mv max = 3 / 2kT establisehes the relationship
between the average translational kinetic energy per particle and
temperature of an ideal gas.

C. If the temperature of an ideal gas is doubled form 100 ∘
C to 200 ∘
C
, the average kinetic energy of each particle is also doubled.
D. It is possible for both pressure and volume of a monatomic ideal
gas to change simultaneously without casuing the internal enregy
of the gas to change
Answer: A::D
26. An ideal gas undergoes an expansion from a state with temperature
T1 and volume V through three different polytropic processes

1
A, B and
C as shown in the P − V diagram. If |ΔEA |, |ΔEB | and |ΔEC | be the
magnitude of changes in internal energy along the three paths

respectively, then :
A. |ΔE A
| < |ΔEB | < |ΔEC | if temperature in every process
decreases
B. |ΔE A
| > |ΔEB | > |ΔEC | if temperature in every process
decreases
C. |ΔE A
| > |ΔEB | > |ΔEC | if temperature in every process
increases
D. |ΔE B| < |ΔEA | < |ΔEC | if temperature in every process
increases
Answer: A::C
27. A system undergoes three quasi-static process sequentially as
indicated in Fig. 1-2 is an isobaric process, 2-3 is a polytropic process with
γ = 4/3 and 3-1 is a process in which PV = constant.
5 2
P2 = P1 = 4 × 10 N / m , P3 = 1 × 10 N / m
5 2
and V 1
= 1m
3
.
The heat transfer for the cycle is ΔQ , the change in internal energy is
ΔU and the work done is ΔW . Then
A. ΔW = 0
B. ΔQ = 1.08 × 10 J
5
C. ΔU = 0
D. ΔQ > ΔW
Answer: A::B::C
View Text Solution
28. An insulated 0.2m

3
tank contains helium at 1200kP a and 47
∘
C . A
valve is now opened, allowing some helium to escaped. The valve is closed
when one-half of the initial mass has escaped. The temperature of the gas
is (√4
3
= 16)
A. 100K
B. 200K
C. 73 ∘
C
D. − 73 ∘
C
Answer: B::D

29. A gas in container A is in thermal equilibrium with another gas in
container B . Both contain equal masses of the two gases. Which of the
following can be true ?
A. P A
VA = PB VB
B. P A
= PB , VA ≠ VB
C. P A
≠ PB , VA = VB
PA PB
D. =
VA VB
Answer: B::C
Assertion-Reasoning
1. Statement I: A quasi -static process is so called bacause it is a sudden
and large change of the system.

Statement II: An adiabatic process is not quasi- static because it is a
sudden and large change of the system.
A. Statement I: is true, Statement II is true and Statement II is the
correct explanation for Statement I.
B. Statement I: is true, Statement II is true and Statement II is NOT the
C. Statement I is true, Statement II is false.
D. Statement I is false, Statement II is true.
Answer: B
2. Statement I: The work done on an ideal gas in changing its volume
from V1 to V2 under a polytropic porcess is given by the integral

v2
∫ P . Dv taken along the process

v1
Statement II: No work is done under an isochroci process of the gas.

A. (a)Statement I: is true, Statement II is true and Statement II is the
B. (b)Statement I: is true, Statement II is true and Statement II is NOT
the correct explanation for Statement I.
C. (c)Statement I is true, Statement II is false.
D. (d)Statement I is false, Statement II is fase.
Answer: C::D
3. Statement I: When an ideal gas is taken from a given thermodynamics
state A to another given thermodynamic state B by any polytropic
process, the change in the internal energy of the system will be the same
in all processes.
Statement II: Internal energy of the ideal gas depends only upon its
absolute temperature.
Answer: C
4. Statement I: The specific heat of a gas in an adiabatic process is zwero
but it is infinite in an isothermal process.
Statement II: Specific heat of a gas is directly proportional to heat
exchanged with the system and inversely proportional to change in
termperature.
Answer: C
5. StatementI: Work done by a gas in isothermal expansion is more than
the work done by the gas in the same expansion adaibatically.
Statement II: Temperature remains constant in isothermal ecpansion but
not in adiabatic expansion.

Answer: A
6. Statement I: A gas is expanded from a volume V to 2V , first through
adiabatic process then through isothermal process. Work done in
isothermal process is more if final state (i. e. pressure and volume ) in
both the cases is same.

Statement II: Work done by the gas is equal to area under p − V curve.
Answer: A

Comprehension
1. A fixed mass of gas is taken through a process A → B → C → A .
Here A → B is isobaric, B → C is adiabatic and C → A is isothermal.
Find pressure at C
5
10
A. N /m
2
64
5
10
B. N /m
2
32
5
10
C. N /m
2
12
5
10
D. N /m
2
6
Answer: A
Find volume at C .
A. 32m 3
B. 100m 3
C. 64m 3
D. 25m 3
Answer: C
Find work done is the process ( take γ = 1.5) .
A. 4.9 × 10 5
J
B. 3.2 × 10 5
J
C. 1.2 × 10 5
J
D. 7.2 × 10 5
J
Answer: A
4. Four moles of an ideal gas is initially in a state A having pressure
5
2 × 10 N / m
2
and temperature 200 K . Keeping pressure constant the
gas is taken to state B at temperature of 400K. The gas is then taken to a
state C in such a way that its temperature increases and volume

dT
decreases. Also from B to C, the magnitude of increases. The volume
dV
of gas at state C is eaual to its volume at state A. Now gas is taken is
initial state A keeping volume constant. A total of 1000 J heat is rejected
from the sample in the cyclic process. Take R = 8.3J / K / mol.
Which graph between temperture T and volume V for the cyclic process is
correct.
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B. ` (##BMS_V06_C02_E01_249_O02.png" width="30%">
C. ` (##BMS_V06_C02_E01_249_O03.png" width="30%">
D. ` (##BMS_V06_C02_E01_249_O04.png" width="30%">
Answer: C
5. Four moles of an ideal gas is initially in a state A having pressure
5
2 × 10 N / m
2
and temperature 200 K . Keeping pressure constant the
gas is taken to state B at temperature of 400K. The gas is then taken to a
state C in such a way that its temperature increases and volume

dT
decreases. Also from B to C, the magnitude of increases. The volume
dV
of gas at state C is eaual to its volume at state A. Now gas is taken is
initial state A keeping volume constant. A total of 1000 J heat is rejected
from the sample in the cyclic process. Take R = 8.3J / K / mol.
The work done by the gas along path B to C is
A. 1000J
B. − 1000J
C. − 7640J
D. 5640J
Answer: C
6. Four moles of an ideal gas is initially in state A having pressure
5
2 × 10 N / m
2
and temperature 200K . Keeping the pressure constant
the gas is taken to state B at temperature of 400K. The gas is then taken
to a state C in such a way that its temperature increases and volume
decreases. Also from B to C , the magnitude of dT / dV increases. The
volume of gas at state C is equal to its volume at state A . Now gas is
taken to initial state A keeping volume constant. A total 1000J of heat is
withdrawn from the sample of the cyclic process . Take
R = 8.3J / K / mol . The volume of gas at state C is
A. 0.0332m 3
B. 0.22m 3
C. 0.332m 3
D. 3.32m 3
Answer: A
7. A process in which work perfomed by an ideal gas is proportional to the
corresponding increment of its internal energy is described as a
polytropic process. If we represent work done by a ppolytropic process by
W and increase in internal energy as ΔU then
W ∝ ΔU
or W = K1 ΔU ...(i)
For this process, it can be demonstrated that the relation between
pressure and volume is given by the equation
PV
η
= K2 (constant ) .....(ii)
We know that a gas can have various values for molar specific heats. The
molar specific heat ' C' for an ideal gas in polytropic process can be
calculated with the help of first law of thermodynamics. In polytropic
process process the variation of molar specific heat ' C' with η for a
monatomic gas is plotted as in the graph shown.
In the graph shown, the y − coordinate of point A is ( for monatomic
gas )
A. 3R / 2
B. 5R / 2
C. 7R / 2
D. 4R
Answer: B
8. A process in which work perfomed by an ideal gas is proportional to
the corresponding increment of its internal energy is described as a
W ∝ ΔU
or W = K1 ΔU ...(i)
PV
η

In the graph shown, the y − coordinate of point A is ( for monatomic
gas )
A. 7 / 5
B. 5 / 2
C. 2 / 3
D. 8 / 3
Answer: B

9. A process in which work perfomed by an ideal gas is proportional to
the corresponding increment of its internal energy is described as a
W ∝ ΔU
or W = K1 ΔU ...(i)
PV
η

For a monoatomic gas, the values of polytropic constant η for which
value specific heat is negative.
2
A. 1 < η <
3
8
B. 1 < η <
3
5
C. 1 < η <
3
2 8
D. < η <
3 3
Answer: C

10. Figure, shows the variation of potential energy (U ) of 2 mol of Argon
gas with its density in a cyclic process ABCA. The gas was initiallly in the
state A whose pressure and temperature are PA = 2atm, TA = 300K ,
respectively. It is also stated the path AB is a rectangular hyperbola and
the internal energy of the gas at state C is 3000r . Based on the above
information answer the following question :
A. The process AB is isobaric, BC is adiabatic and CA is isochoric.
B. The pocess is AB is adiabatic, BC is isothermal and CA is
isochoric.
C. The process AB is isochoric, BC is isothermal and CA is isobaric

D. The process AB is isochoric, BC is isothermal and CA is isochoric
Answer: D

The heat supplied to the gas in the process AB is
A. (a)700R
B. (b)3500R
C. (c)4400R
D. (d)1600R
Answer: B

Heat supplied in the process CA is
A. − 1400R
B. 1400R
C. 2100R
D. − 2100R
Answer: D
13. One mole of an ideal gas has an internal energy given by
U = U0 + 2P V , where P is the pressure and V the volume of the gas.
U0 is a constant. This gas undergoes the quasi − static cyclic process
ABCD as shown in the U − V diagram. The molar heat capacity of the
gas at constant pressure is
A. 2R
B. 3R
5
C. R
2
D. 4R
Answer: B
14. One mole of an ideal gas has an interal energy given by
ABCD as shown in the U − V diagram. The work done by the ideal gas
in the process AB is
A. zero
U1 − U0
B.
2
U0 − U1
C.
2
U1 − U0
D. loge 2
2
Answer: D

15. One mole of an ideal gas has an interal energy given by
ABCD as shown in the U − V diagram. The gas must be
A. monatomic
B. diatomic
C. a mixture of mono and diatomic gases
D. a mixture of di − and tri − atomic gases
Answer: C

16. An ideal diatomic gas is expanded so that the amount of heat
transferred to the gas is equal to the decrease in its internal energy.
The molar specific heat of the gas in this process is given by C whose
value is
5R
A. −
2
3R
B. −
2
C. 2R
5R
D.
2
Answer: A
transferred to the gas is equal to the decrease in its internal energy.

The process can be represented by the equation TV
n
= constant,
where the value of n is
7
A. n =
5
1
B. n =
5
3
C. n =
2
3
D. n =
5
Answer: B
transferred to the gas is equal to the decrease in its internal energy. If in
the process, the initial temperature of the gas be T and the final volume
0
by 32 times the initial volume, the work done ( in Joules ) by the gas
during the process will be
A. RT 0
5RT0
B.
2
C. 2RT 0
RT0
D.
2
Answer: B
19. A cylinder containing an ideal gas ( see figure ) and closed by a
movable pistong is submerged in an ice- water mixture. The pistone is
quickly pushed down from position (1) to position (2)( process AB) . The
piston is held at position (2) until the gas is again at 0

∘
C ( processs
BC) . Then the pistone is slowly raised back to position (1) ( process CA)
Which of the following P − V diagram will correctly represent the
processes AB, BC and CA and the cycle ABCA ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Answer: D

∘
C ( processs
A. (a)8kcal
B. (b)5kcal
C. (c)2.1kJ
D. (d)4.2kJ
Answer: A


∘
C ( processs
PV
A. J
2
2P V
B. J
3
C. P V J
D. none of these
Answer: D
22. A reversible heat engine carries 1mol of an ideal monatomic gas
around the cycle ABCA , as shown in the diagram. The process BC is
adiabatic. Call the processes AB, BC and CA as 1, 2 and 3 and the heat
(ΔQ)
r
, change in internal energy (ΔU ) , and work done
(ΔW ) , r = 1, 2, 3
r
respectively. The temperature at A, B, C are
T1 = 300K, T2 = 600K and T3 = 455K . Indicate the pressure and
volume at A, B andC by Pr and Vr , r = 1, 2, 3, respectively. Assume
that intially pressure P 1

= 1.00atm.
Which of the following represents the correct values of the quantities

indicated ?
A. (ΔQ) = 450RJ , (ΔU )

1
= 450RJ , (ΔW )
1
= 300RJ
B. (ΔQ) 2
= 0, (ΔU )
2
= 450RJ , (ΔW )
2
= − 217.5RJ
C. (ΔQ) 3
= 0, (ΔU )
3
= − 232.5RJ , (ΔW )
3
= 0
D. (ΔQ) 1
= 450RJ , (ΔU )
3
= − 232.5RJ , (ΔW )
2
= 217.5RJ
Answer: D

(ΔQ)
r
(ΔW ) , r = 1, 2, 3
r

= 1.00atm.
Which of the following represents the correct values for the quantities
indicated ?
A. V 1
= 3 × 10
−3 3
Rm , P2 = 0.5atm
B. V 2
= 3 × 10
−3 3
Rm , P3 = 1.0atm
C. V 3
= 3 × 10
−3 3
Rm , P2 = 2.0atm
D. V 2
= 3 × 10
−3 3
Rm , P3 = 2.0atm
Answer: B

(ΔQ)
r
(ΔW ) , r = 1, 2, 3
r

= 1.00atm.
Which of the following represents the correct values of the quantities
indicated ?
A. Q i
< Qa
B. Q i
= Qa
C. Q i
> Qa
D. Q will be greater or less than Q dependng upon the value of T

i a 3
Answer: A
25. A monatomic ideal gas undergoes the shown cyclic process in which
path of the process 2 → 3 is a semicircle. If 2mol of gas is taken, find
Heat given to the system in semicircular process
P0 V0 π
A. (7 − )
2 4
P0 V0 π
B. (7 + )
3 4
P0 V0 π
C. (7 + )
2 4
P0 V0 π
D. (7 − )
3 4
Answer: C
26. A monatomic ideal gas undergoes the shown cyclic process in which
path of the process 2 → 3 is a semicircle. If 2mol of gas is taken, find
Total heat rejected in one cycle
P0 V0 (32 − π)
A.
4
P0 V0 (32 + π)
B.
4
P0 V0 (32 + π)
C.
8
P0 V0 (32 − π)
D.
8
Answer: D

27. A gas take part in two thermal processes in which it is heated from the
same initial state to the same final temperature. The processes are shown
on the P − V diagram by straight lines 1 → 3 and 1 → 2
A. W 13 > W12
B. W 12 > W13
C. W 13 = W12
D. None of above
Answer: A

28. A gas take part in two thermal processes in which it is heated from
the same initial state to the same final temperature. The processes are
shown on the P − V diagram by straight lines 1 → 3 and 1 → 2
A. Q13 < Q12
B. Q13 > Q12
C. Q13 = Q12
D. None of above
Answer: B

29. A monatomic idea gas of 2mol is taken through a cyclic process
starting from A as shown in figure. The volume ratio are V B

/ VA = 2 and
VD / VA = 4 . If the temperature T at A is
A
27
∘
C , and gas constant is R .
Calculate the temperature of the gas at point B

A. 500K
B. 700K
C. 600K
D. 300K
Answer: C
30. A monatomic ideal gas of 2mol is taken through a cyclic process

/ VA = 2 and
A
27
∘
Calculate heat absorbed or released by the gas in process A → B
A. 1500R, added
B. 1200R ln(2), added
C. 900R, rejected
D. 1200R ln(2), rejected
Answer: A

/ VA = 2 and
A
27
∘
Calculate heat absorbed or released by the gas in process B → C
A. 1500, added
C. 900R, rejected
Answer: B

/ VA = 2 and
A
27
∘
Calculate heat absorbed or released by the gas in process C → D .

h
A. 1500, added
C. 900R, rejected
Answer: C

/ VA = 2 and
A
27
∘
Calculate heat absorbed or released by the gas in process D → A .
A. 1500, added
C. 900R, rejected
Answer: D

/ VA = 2 and
A
27
∘
Calculate.
The total work done by the gas during the complete cycle.
A. 500RJ
B. 600RJ
C. 700RJ
D. 300RJ
Answer: B
35. One mole of an ideal monatomic gas udnergoes thermodynamic cycle
1 → 2 → 3 → 1 as shown in figure. Initial temperature of gas in
T0 = 300K .
Process 1 → 2 : P = aV
Process 2 → 3: P V = Constant
Process 3 → 1: P = Constant
( Take 1n|3| = 1.09)

Find the net work done by the cycle.
A. 3.27RT 0
B. 6.83RT 0
C. 4.53RT 0
D. 5.81RT 0
Answer: D

36. One mole of an ideal monatomic gas udnergoes thermodynamic cycle
1 → 2 → 3 → 1 as shown in figure. Initial temperature of gas in
T0 = 300K .
Process 1 → 2 : P = aV
Process 2 → 3: P V = Constant
Process 3 → 1: P = Constant
( Take 1n|3| = 1.09)
Determine the heat capacity of 3-1 process.
A. 20.75J / mol − K
B. 10. 23J / molK

C. 22.37J / mol − K
D. 15. 96J / mol − K
Answer: A
37. A monatomic gas undergoes a cycle consisting of two isothermals and
two isobarics. The minimum and maximum temperatures of gas during
the cycle are T1 = 400K and T2 = 800K , respectively, and the ratio of
maximum to minimum volume is 4. The volume at B is

A. 1.5V 0
B. 2V 0
C. 3V 0
D. 2.5V 0
Answer: B
maximum to minimum volume is 4.

The volume is D is
A. 1.5V 0
B. 2V 0
C. 3V 0
D. 2.5V 0
Answer: B

maximum to minimum volume is 4.
The heat is extracted from the system in process
A. A → B, B → C
B. C → D, D → A
C. A → B, C → D
D. B → C, C → D
Answer: A
40. A monoatomic gas undergoes a cycle consisting of two isothermals
and two isobarics. The minimum and maximum temperatures of gas
during the cycle are T1 = 400K and T2 = 800K , respectively, and the
ratio of maximum to minimum volume is 4.
The efficiency of the cycle is
31n2
A. × 100 %
5 + 41n2
21n2
B. × 100 %
5 + 41n2
31n3
C. × 100 %
5 + 41n2
21n
D. × 100 %
3 + 41n2
Answer: B
41. Figure shows an insulated cylinder of volume V containing
monatomic gas in both the compartments. The pistone is diathermic.
Initially the piston is kept fixed and the system is allowed to acquire a
state of thermal equilibrium. The initial pressures and temperatures are
as shown in the figure. Calculate
The final temperature

(P1 − P2 )T1 T2
A.
P1 T2 − P2 T1
(P1 + P2 )T1 T2
B.
P1 T1 − P2 T2
(P1 + P2 )T1 T2
C.
P1 T2 + P2 T1
(P1 + P2 )T1 T2
D.
P1 T1 + P2 T2
Answer: C

The final presssures of left and right compartment respectively are
P1 (P1 + P2 )T2 P2 (P1 + P2 )T1

A. ,
P1 T2 + P2 T1 (P1 T2 + P2 T1 )
P1 (P1 + P2 )T1 P2 (P1 + P2 )T1

B. ,
P1 T2 + P2 T2 (P1 T2 + P2 T1 )
P1 (P1 + P2 )T2 P2 (P1 − P2 )T1

C. ,
P1 T2 − P2 T1 (P1 T2 + P2 T1 )
P1 (P1 + P2 )T2 P2 (P1 − P2 )T1

D. ,
P1 T2 + P2 T1 (P1 T2 + P2 T1 )
Answer: A

The heat that flows from RH S to LH S, Given T 2 > T1 .
Now, the pin which was keeping the piston fixed is removed. and the
piston is set free to move. The piston is allowed to slide slowly, such that
of mechanical equilibrium is also achieved and T 1 P2 > P1 T2 . Find.
4 (T2 − T1 )
A. P1 P2 V
3 P1 T2 + P2 T1
3 (T2 − T1 )
B. P1 P2 V
4 P1 T2 + P2 T1
3 (T2 + T1 )
C. P1 P2 V
4 P1 T2 + P2 T1
3 (T2 − T1 )
D. P1 P2 V
4 P1 T2 − P2 T1
Answer: B

Final volume of the left compartment.
V P1 T2
A. ( )
2 P2 T1 + P1 T2
P1 T2
B. V ( )
P2 T1 − P1 T2
P1 T2
C. V ( )
P2 T1 + P1 T2
2P1 T2
D. V ( )
P2 T1 + P1 T2
Answer: C

Final volume of the left compartment.
V P2 T1
A. ( )
2 P2 T1 + P1 T2
P2 T1
B. V ( )
P2 T1 − P1 T2
P2 T1
C. V ( )
P2 T1 + P1 T2
2P2 T2
D. V ( )
P2 T1 − P1 T2
Answer: C
46. The rectangular box shown in Fig has partition which can slide
without friction along the length of the box. Initially each of the two
chambers of the box has one mole of a mono-atomic ideal gas (λ = 5 / 3)
at a pressure P , volume V and temperature T . The chamber on the left

0 0 0
is slowly heated by an electric heater. The walls of the box and the lead
wires of the heater is negligible. The gas in the left chamber expands
pushing the partition until the final pressure in both chambers becomes
243P0 / 32 . Determine (i) the final temperature of the gas in each chamber
and (ii) the work done by the gas in the right chamber.
A. 4 / 9T 0
B. 4 / 7T 0
C. 1 / 5T 0
D. 9 / 4T 0
Answer: D

47. The insulated box shown in figure has an insulated partition which
can slide without friction along the length of the box. Initially each of the
two chambers of the box has 1mil of a monatomic ideal gas (γ = 5 / 3)
at a pressure P , volume V and temperature T . The chamber of the left

0 0 0
is slowly heated by an electric heater so that its gas, pushing the
partition, expands until the final pressure in both the chambers becomes
243P0 / 32 . Determine
Final temperature fo the gas in each chamber.
15
A. RT0
8
15
B. − RT0
8
7
C. RT0
4
7
D. − RT0
4
Answer: B
48. A container of volume 4V0 made of a perfectly non − conducting
material is divided into two equal parts by a fixed rigid wall whose lower
half is non − conducting and upper half is purely conducting. The right
side of the wall is divided into equal parts ( initially 0 by means of a
massless non − conducting piston free to move as shown . SectionA
constains 2mol of a gas while the section B and C contain 1mol each of
the same gas (γ = 15. ) at pressure P0 . The heater in left part is
switched on till the final pressure in section C becomes 125 / 27P0 .
Calculate
The heat supplied by the heater.
205P0 V0
A.
27R
P0 V0
B.
R
105P0 V0
C.
13R
12P0 V0
D.
13R
Answer: A
Calculate
Final temperature in part C .
P0 V0
A.
R
5P0 V0
B.
3R
P0 V0
C.
3R
5P0 V0
D.
R
Answer: B
Calculate
The heat supplied by the heater.
368
A. P0 V0
9
113
B. P0 V0
5
316
C. P0 V0
9
405
D. P0 V0
8
Answer: A
51. An ideal gas at N T P is enclosed in an adiabatic vertical cylinder havin
an area of cross section A = 27cm

2
between two light movable pistons
as shown in figure. Spring with force constant K = 37 − − N /m is in a
relaxed state initially. Now the lower position is moved upwards a
distance h / 2, h being the initial length of gas column . It is observed that
the upper piston moves up by a distance h / 16. Final temperature of gas
4 / 3 × 273K . Take γ for the gas to be 3 / 2.
When the lower pistone is moved upwards a distance h /2 , the
compression.
A. leads to cooling
B. takes place isothermally
C. takes place adiabatically
D. leads to heating
Answer: C::D

2
Which of the following statements is correct ?

A. Heat given in compression is used to do work against elastic force
only.
B. Heat given in compression is used to do work against elastic force
and atmospheric force.
C. No work is done during compression.
D. There is no change in internal energy.
Answer: B

2

The value of h is
A. 1m
B. 1.4m
C. 1.6m
D. 2m
Answer: C

54. Piston cylinder device initially contains 0.5m
3
of nitrogen gas at
400kP a and 27
∘
C . An electric heater within the device is turned on and
is allowed to apss a current of 2A for 5min from a 120V source.
Nitrogen expands at constant pressure and a heat loss of 2800J occurs
during the process.
R = 25 / 3kJ / kmol − K
Electric work done on the nitrogen gas is
A. 72kJ
B. 36kJ
C. 118kJ
D. 9kJ
Answer: A

3
of nitrogen gas at
400kP a and 27
∘
during the process.
R = 25 / 3kJ / kmol − K
Number of moles of nitrogen gas is
A. 0.8kmol
B. 0.08kmol
C. 0.8mol
D. 0.08mol
Answer: B

3
of nitrogen gas at
400kP a and 27
∘
during the process.
R = 25 / 3kJ / kmol − K
Number of moles of nitrogen gas is
A. 2.6 ∘
C
B. 56.6 ∘
C
C. 29.6 ∘
C
D. 5.67 ∘
C
Answer: B
Interger
1. 8g of oxygen, 14 g of nitrogen and 22 g carbon dioxide are mixed in an
encloser of volume 10 litre and temperature 27 ∘

C . Calculate the pressure
exerted by the mixture , R = 8.3J mole

−1
K
−1
, Molecular weight of
oxygen , nitrogen and carbon 32 , 28 and 44 respectively.
2. A vessel contains 1 mole of O gas (molar mass 32) at a temperature T.

2
The pressure of the gas is p. An identical vessel containing one mole of
the gas (molar mass 4) at a temperature 2T has a pressure of
3. p-V diagram of a diatomic gas is a straight line passing through origin.
The molar heat capacity of the gas in the process will be

4. A vessel contains a mixture of one mole of oxygen and two moles of
nitrogen at 300K. The ratio of the average rorational kinetic energy per
O2 molecules to that per N molecules is

2
5. A vessel A of volume 3V contains a gas at pressure 4p0 and a vessel of
volume 2V contains that same gas at pressure 1.5p . Temperature is same

0
in both vessels. What is the equilibrium pressure if vessels A and B are
connected by a tube of negligible volume.
6. A vessel of volume 0.2m contains hydrogen gas at temperature 300 K

3
and pressure 1 bar. Find the heat required to raise the temperature to
400 K. The molar heat capacity of hydrogen at constant volume is
5cal / molK .

7. A Vessel contains helium, which expands at constant pressure when 15
kJ of heat is supplied to it. What will be the variation of the internal
energy of the gas? What is the work performed in the expansion?
8. A certain mass of gas is taken from an initial thermodynamics state A
to another state B by process I and II. In process I for the gas does 5J of
work and absorbs 4J of heat energy. In process II, the gas absorbs 5J of
heat. The work done by the gas in process II is

9. The two conducting cyliner-piston systems shows below are linked.
Cyliner 1 is filled with a certain molar quantity of a monatomic ideal gas,
and cylinder 2 is filled with an equal molar quantity of a diatomic ideal
gas. The entire apparatus is situated inside an oven whose temperature is
Ta = 27
∘
C . The cylinder volumes have the same initial value V0 = 100 .
When the oven temperature is slowly raised to Tb = 127

∘
C . What is the
volume change ΔV (in cc) of cylinder 1 ?
10. A long container has air enclosed inside at room temperature and
atmoshperic pressure (10 5

P a) . It has a volume of 20000 c c. The area of
cross section is 100cm
2
and force constant of spring is
k spring = 1000N / m . We push the right piston isothermally and slowly till
it reaches the origianl position of the left piston which is movalbe. Final
length of air colume is found to be 25 h cm. Assume that spring is initially
relaxed. Find h.
11. The value of γ = CP / CV is 4/3 for an adaibatic process of an ideal
gas for which internal energy U = K + nP V . Find the value of n (K is
constant) :
Comprehension Type
1. Suppose there are N molecules each of mass m, of an ideal gas in a
container. The x component of velocity of a molecule is denoted by ux .

The gas is enclosed using a horizontal piston of area A as shown.
The pressure of the gas is
2
m(u x )N
A.
AL
2
m(u x )N
B.
3AL
2
3m(u x )N
C.
AL
2
3m(u x )
D.
AL
Answer: A

The pressure of the gas can also be written in terms of momentum
transferred per collision (Δp) and collision frequency (f) on the wall of
area A as
A. Δp × f
Δp
B.
A × f
Δp × f
C.
A
D. none of these
Answer: C

If the temperature of gas is doubled keeping volume constant, we know
from the gas law that the pressure will be doubled. On microscopic level
this increase in pressure is because
A. momentum change per collision is doubled while the frequency of
collision remains constant
B. momentum change per collision remain constant while the
frequency of collision is doubled

C. momentum change per collision and the frequency of collision both
are increased
D. none of these two physical quantities are changed. It is due to
some other reason.
Answer: C

If the piston is moved so as to reduce the volume of gas by half, keeping
the temperature of gas constant , we know from the gas law that the
pressure will be doubled. On microscopic level the increase in pressure on
the piston is because
A. (a)momentum change per collision is doubled while the frequency
of collision remains constant

B. (b)momentum change per collision remain constant while the
C. (c)momentum change per (c)collision and the frequency of collision
both are increased
D. (d)none of these two physical quantities are changed. It is due to
some other reason.
Answer: B

If the piston is moved so as to reduce the volume of gas by half, keeping
the temperature of gas constant , we know from the gas law that the
pressure will be doubled. On microscopic level the increase in pressure on
the piston is because
A. momentum change per collision is doubled while the frequency of
collision remains constant

B. momentum change per collision remain constant while the
C. momentum change per collision and the frequency of collision both
are increased
D. none of these two physical quantities are changed. It is due to
some other reason.
Answer: D
Fill in the blanks
1. The root mean square speed of hydrogen molecules of an ideal
hydrogen gas kept in a gas chamber at 0 ∘

C is 3180 m/s. The pressure on
the hydrogen gas is ………..

(Density of hydrogen gas is 8.99 × 10
−2
kg / m
3
, 1 atmosphere=
5
N
1.01 × 10
2
m
2. A cylinder of capacity 20L is filled with H gas. The total average kinetic
2
energy of translatory motion of its molecules is 1, 5 × 10 5

J . The pressure
of hydrogen in the cylinder is
3. A flask contains 10
−3
m
3
gas. At a temperature, the number of
molecules of oxygen at 3.0 × 10

22
. The mass of an oxygen molecule is
5.3 × 10
− 26
kg and at that temperature the rms velocity of molecules is
400m/s. The pressure in N / m of the gas in the flask is ..............

2

4. When volume of system is increased two times and temperature is
decreased half of its initial temperature, then pressure becomes ………….
TA TB
5. Let A and B the two gases and given: = 4. , where T is the
MA MB
temperature and M is the molecular mass. If CA and CB are the rms

CA
speed, then the ratio will be equal to ………..
CB
6. The rms speed of the molecules of a gas in a vessel is 400ms

−1
. If half
of the gas leaks out at constant temperature, the rms speed of the
ramaining molecules will be…………..

7. The root mean square speed of hydrogen molecule at 300 K is 1930m/s.
Then the root mean square speed of oxygen molecules at 900K will
be………..
8. The speeds of 5 molecules of a gas ( in arbitrary units) are as follows: 2,
3, 4, 5, 6. The root mean square speed for these molecules is ……..
Multiple correct
1. A steel tank contains 300 g of ammonia gas (N H3 ) at a pressure of
1.35 × 10
6
Pa and a temperature of 77
∘
C . Later the temperature is
22
∘
C and the pressure is 8.7 × 10 Pa .
5
A. the initial volume of the tank is 38 litre

B. finally 71 g grams of gas will leak out of the tank .
C. the number of moles of the remaining gas is 13.5 mol .
D. the number of moles of the remaining gas is 8.5 mol.
Answer: A::B::C
2. Which of the following quantities is independent of the nature of the
gas at same temperature ?
A. The number of molecules in 1 mole
B. The number of molecules in equal volume
C. The translational kinetic energy of 1 mole
D. The kinetic energy of unit mass
Answer: A::C

3. Which of the following quantities depend on temperature only for a
given ideal gas ?
A. Internal energy of the gas
B. Product PV of the gas
C. The ratio of pressure and density of the gas
D. Root mean square speed of the gas
Answer: C::D
Compression
1. One mole of an ideal monatomic gas undergoes a linear process from A
to B , in which is pressure P and its volume V change as shown in figure .

The absolute temperature T versus volume V for the given process is
A.
B.
C.
D.
Answer: C
2. One mole of an ideal monatomic gas undergoes a linear process from A
to B , in which is pressure P and its volume V change as shown in figure .

The absolute temperature T versus volume V for the given process is
P0 V0
A.
2R
P0 V0
B.
4R
3P0 V0
C.
4R
3P0 V0
D.
2R
Answer: B

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PHYSICS

BOOKS - CENGAGE PHYSICS (ENGLISH)

KINETIC THEORY OF GASES

1. The mass of hydrogen molecule is 3.32 × 10

molecules strikes per second at 2 cm

Watch Video Solution

2. A parallel beam of particles of mass m moving with velocity v impinges

on a wall at an angle θ to its normal. The number of particles per unit

then the pressure exerted by this beam on the wall is

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mol of hyderogen at STP given that density of hydrogen is 0.09kg / m

(b) Given that the mass of a molecule of hydergen is 3.34 × 10

calculate Avogadro's number. (c ) Calculate Boltmann's constant.

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4. Given molecular weight of hydrogen molecule is

hydrogen molecules (H 2) at 373.15K(100 ∘

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5. One mole of oxygen occupies a volume of 24 L at 20

pressure. What is the rms speed of an oxygen? Find the total

translational kinetic energy and the total momentum of the molecules.

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area of the vessel wall.

speed v0 . It is then suddenly stoppes. The process results in a rise of

temperature of the gas by 1

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7. A glass bulb of volume 400cm is connected to another bulb of volume

air and are both at a common temperature and pressure of 20

1.000 atm, respectively. The larger bulb is immersed in steam at 100

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in Fig., which represent in isothermal, isobaric, and isochoric processes

for the same mass of an ideal gas, respectively.

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mass of an ideal gas. What information can be drawn regarding the

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ideal gas from pressure P0 volume V0 to pressure 4P0 , indicating the

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corresponding to n moles of an ideal gas at pressure P from V to 2V

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In the figure, CA is parallel to the V-axis and BC is parallel to the T-axis.`

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13. Calculate (a) the average kinetic energy of translation of an oxygen

Given Avogadro's number = 6.02 × 10

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14. A light container having a diatomic gas enclosed with in is moving

with velocity v. Mass of the gas is M and number of moles is n,

b. What is K.E. of gas w.r.t. ground ?

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15. Two nonconducting containers having volume V1 and V2 contain

monoatomic and dimatomic gases respectivley. They are connected as

shown in figure. Pressure and temperature in the two containers are

P1 , T1 and P2 , T2 respectively. Initially stop cock is closed, if the stop coc

is opened find the final pressure and temperature.

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16. An ideal gas has a molar heat capacity at constant pressure of

Cp = 2.5R . The gas is kept in a closed vessel of volume 0.0083m

temperature of 300K and a pressure of 1.6 x 10^(6) Nm^(-2). An amount

temperature and pressure of the gas.

17. A vessel of volume 0.2m contains hydrogen gas at temperature 300 K