Making Purchases – Apprenticeship and Workplace Mathematics 10

Version 01
Making Purchases
Apprenticeship and Workplace
Mathematics
(Grade 10/Literacy Foundations Level 7)
© 2012 by Open School BC
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Course History
New, March 2012
Project Partners
This course was developed in partnership with the Distributed Learning Resources Branch of Alberta
Education and the following organizations:
• Black Gold Regional Schools
• Calgary Board of Education
• Edmonton Public Schools
• Peace Wapiti School Division No. 76
• Pembina Hills Regional Division No. 7
• Rocky View School Division No. 41
Project Management: Jennifer Riddel
Content Revisions: Jennifer Riddel, Esther Mereno
Edit: Leanne Baugh, Monique Brewer
Math Edit: Learning Centre of the Greater Victoria School District Continuing Education
Program:
• Nigel Cocking
• Keith Myles
• Bill Scott
School District 47, Powell River: Tania Hobson
Module Tests: Barb Lajeunesse, Michael Finnigan (SD 34)

Copyright: Ilona Ugro
Production Technicians: Sharon Barker, Beverly Carstensen, Brian Glover
Art Coordination: Christine Ramkeesoon
Media Coordination: Janet Bartz
Art: Cal Jones
Flash Programming: Sean Cunniam
Narration Recording: MOH Productions and Neil Osborne
Voice Talent: Felix LeBlanc, Kate Eldridge, Wendy Webb and MOH Productions
Advisors: JD Caudle (Yukon Territory), Randy Decker (SD 40), Bev Fairful (Yukon Territory), Sonya
Fern (SD 62), Sandra Garfinkel (SD 39), Richard Giroday (SD 58), Sharon Hann (SD 39), Tim
Huttemann (SD 20), Dan Laidlaw (SD 73), Heather Lessard (SD 53), Gloria Lowe (SD 6), Jan Malcolm
(SD 36), Christina Teskey (OSBC), Jennifer Waughtal (SD 57), Ray Wong (SD 91)
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Section Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V
Making Purchases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Lesson A: Unit Prices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Lesson B: Price Increases and Decreases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Lesson C: Currency Exchange. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Appendix. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Solutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Data Pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
© OPEN SCHOOL BC APPRENTICESHIP AND WORKPLACE MATHEMATICS ETEXT | iii

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Section Organization
This section on Making Purchases is made up of several lessons.
Lessons
Lessons have a combination of reading and hands-on activities to give you a
chance to process the material while being an active learner. Each lesson is made
up of the following parts:
Essential Questions
The essential questions included here are based on the main concepts in
each lesson. These help you focus on what you will learn in the lesson.
Focus
This is a brief introduction to the lesson.
Get Started
This is a quick refresher of the key information and skills you will need to be
successful in the lesson.
Activities
Throughout the lesson you will see three types of activities:
• Try This activities are hands-on, exploratory activities.
• Self-Check activities provide practice with the skills and

concepts recently taught.
• Mastering Concepts activities extend and apply the skills you

learned in the lesson.
You will mark these activities using the solutions at the end of each section.
Explore
Here you will explore new concepts, make predictions, and discover patterns.
Bringing Ideas Together

This is the main teaching part of the lesson. Here, you will build on the ideas
from the Get Started and the Explore. You will expand your knowledge and
practice your new skills.
Lesson Summary
This is a brief summary of the lesson content as well as some instructions on
what to do next.
© OPEN SCHOOL BC APPRENTICESHIP AND WORKPLACE MATHEMATICS ETEXT | v

At the end of each section you will find:
Solutions
This contains all of the solutions to the Activities.
Appendix
Here you will find the Data Pages along with other extra resources that you need
to complete the section. You will be directed to these as needed.
Glossary
This is a list of key terms and their definitions.
Throughout the section, you will see the following features:
Icons
Throughout the section you will see a few icons used on the left-hand side of
the page. These icons are used to signal a change in activity or to bring your
attention to important instructions.
AWM online resource (optional)

This indicates a resource available on the internet. If you do not have
access, you may skip these sections.
Solutions
vi | APPRENTICESHIP AND WORKPLACE MATHEMATICS ETEXT © OPEN SCHOOL BC

My Notes
The column on the outside edge of most pages is called “My Notes”. You can use
this space to:
• write questions about things you don’t understand.
• note things that you want to look at again.
• draw pictures that help you understand the math.
• identify words that you don’t understand.
• connect what you are learning to what you already know.
• make your own notes or comments.
Materials and Resources

There is no textbook required for this course.
You will be expected to have certain tools and materials at your disposal while
working on the lessons. When you begin a lesson, have a look at the list of items
you will need. You can find this list on the first page of the lesson, right under the
lesson title.
In general, you should have the following things handy while you work on your
lessons:
• a scientific calculator
• a ruler
• a geometry set
• Data Pages (found in the Appendix)
© OPEN SCHOOL BC APPRENTICESHIP AND WORKPLACE MATHEMATICS ETEXT | vii

Making Purchases
Making Purchases
Shopping is an integral part of our day-to-day lives. From the food in your fridge,
to the clothes in your closet, most of the items in your home were purchased from
somewhere: maybe from a store, an online shop, or an individual. How we decide
on what to buy depends on a number of factors. One of the most influential factors
is money. Whether you are shopping in Canada or in a foreign country, you need to
know how much money you have and how much an item costs in order to make an
informed decision about your purchase.
In this section, you will learn how to choose the best price by comparing unit prices
and considering price increases and decreases. You will also learn how to make wise
shopping choices when traveling in other countries by learning how to convert
between different currencies.
Photo by Jorge Salcedo © 2010
In this section, you will:

• investigate how unit prices, price increases and decreases, as well as currency
exchange, influence purchasing decisions
© OPEN SCHOOL BC APPRENTICESHIP AND WORKPLACE MATHEMATICS ETEXT | 1

Making Purchases—Lesson A: Unit Prices
Lesson A
Unit Prices
To complete this lesson, you will need: In this lesson, you will complete:
• a calculator • 6 activities
• to take a trip to a local grocery store
Essential Questions
• How are unit prices calculated?
• How do you determine the best buy if unit price, quality, and quantity are all
factors you must consider?
• How do retailers express the price of items they wish to promote?

My Notes Focus
Mila owns a health-food

store in a city close to where
Anna lives. Mila is always so
welcoming and helpful when
Anna shops at the store.
Anna has just dropped into
the store to buy some 500-mg
vitamin C tablets.
Photo by Monkey Business Images © 2010

Anna holds up two
containers of tablets. “It costs $8.99 for 200 tablets and $18.99 for 500
tablets. Which container is the better buy?” Anna asks.
“Generally, the larger size is a better value,” Mila says. “But, not
always!” Bring the containers to the counter, and I’ll use my
calculator to check. Also think about whether you would use all 500
tablets before they expire.”
Which container would you buy?
Get Started
When making purchases you’ll notice that items are often sold by
weight. Some items may be sold by the pound while others may be
sold by the kilogram. In the examples and in Activity 1, you will
review how to convert between these masses.
Remember that:
1 kg ≈ 2.2 lb
That means that a kilogram weighs more than a pound.
4 | APPRENTICESHIP AND WORKPLACE MATHEMATICS ETEXT © OPEN SCHOOL BC

My Notes
Did You Know?
Did you know that a packaged piece of salami weighs
approximately a pound? And that a whole pineapple weighs
approximately a kilogram?
Example 1
Convert and round to the nearest tenth.
a. 18 lbs into kilograms.

b. 7.5 kg into pounds.
Solution
a. A kilogram weighs more than a pound. So, to convert pounds
into kilograms, divide by 2.2.
18 ÷ 2.2 = 8.181818…
18 lbs is approximately 8.2 kg.
b. To convert kilograms into pounds, see the pattern.

1 kg = 2.2 lb,
So 2 kg = 2.2 lb × 2
And 3 kg = 2.2 lb × 3
Following this pattern, 7.5 kg = 2.2 lb × 7.5 = 16.5 lb.
Activity 1
Self-Check
1. Fill in the blanks. (Round each answer to one decimal place.)
a. 8 lb is approximately kg
b. 6.2 kg is approximately lb
c. 35 kg is approximately lb
d. 115 lb is approximately kg
Turn to the solutions at the end of the section and mark

your work.

My Notes Explore
In many grocery stores and markets

there is a bulk food section. Items
such as candies, nuts, spices, baking
ingredients, dried fruits, cookies,
and dried cereals are in large bins
and customers serve themselves. The
same items are also sold in packages
Photo by Regien Paassen © 2010
elsewhere in the store. Often, but
not always, the same items sold in packages are more expensive. In
the bulk aisle, prices are commonly expressed per 100 grams. The
following example will show a method you can use to compare items
sold in packages to items sold in bulk.
Example 2
Skyler can buy baking almonds from the bulk bins for $0.99/100g. He
can also purchase a 250-g package of almonds for $7.99. Which is the
better buy?
Solution
The two prices are for different amounts of almonds. To compare the
prices, you need to find the price per 100 g of the packaged almonds.
Use a proportion to find the price per 100 grams. Make sure:
• the numerators of both fractions contain the price in dollars
• the denominators of both fractions contain the amount
(weight) of almonds in grams
$7.99 x
=
250 g 100 g
Find the cross products.
$7.99 x
=
250 g 100 g
( x )(250 g)=($7.99)(100 g) To isolate x, divide both
($7.99)(100 g) sides by 250 g
x=
(250 g)
x = $3.20
To the nearest cent, the cost per 100 g of the packaged almonds is
$3.20.
At $0.99/100 g, the bulk almonds are a better buy than the packaged
almonds.

Activity 2 My Notes
Self-Check
Kim finds jellybeans at the local supermarket. Help Kim decide which
jellybeans are the better deal: those from the bulk bin, which sell for
$0.49/100g, or the 150-g package, which sells for $1.39.

your work.
Activity 3
Try This
In this activity you will explore the difference in price between at least
five items sold in bulk and the same five items sold in 100-g packages.
Prepare: Make a trip to your local grocery store or look on the Internet
to find prices to complete the table below. Record prices from five
items in the bulk aisle. Then find the prices of equivalent pre-packaged
goods. Remember to record the weights of the pre-packaged items.

1. Complete a table like the following. An example has been done

My Notes
for you. Round calculated prices to the nearest cent.
Item Bulk Package Size Package Package
Description Price/100 g Price Price/100g
baking $0.99/100 g 250 g $7.99 $3.20/100 g
almonds
2. Were any packaged items cheaper than the equivalent bulk items?
3. Even if they are more expensive, why do some consumers prefer

to buy packaged items?

your work.
In Explore, you compared prices using 100 g as the comparison

“unit.” This means you had each item as a price per 100 g in order to
determine the best price. When an item’s cost is written as a cost per
unit, the cost is referred to as a unit price.
When you are calculating unit prices for items sold by weight, these
are some possible units you will work with:
• pounds (lb)
• kilograms (kg)
• 100 grams (100 g)

When you are calculating unit prices for items sold by volume, these
My Notes
are some possible units you will work with:
• litres (L)
• 100 millilitres (100 mL)
Which units you work with depends on what makes for a reasonable
answer. When weighing a small spider it would make sense to work in
grams. However, when weighing yourself pounds or kilograms makes
more sense. The comparison unit you use depends on the context.
Example 3
In Canada, prices of fruits and
vegetables are often posted in the
store per pound. The per-kilogram
price is often on the sticker in a
much smaller print size. However,
if you look at your cashier’s
receipt, the prices will be printed
per kilogram.
Photo by SeDmi © 2010
At the local supermarket, bananas are advertised at $0.59/lb. Estimate

the price per kilogram. Then, find the actual price. Round to the
nearest cent.
Solution
Method 1: Estimation
Remember that 1 kg ≈ 2.2 lb and that in this problem, 1 lb costs $0.59
or approximately 60¢.
Use the approximated unit price of 60¢.
Step 1:
Multiply by 2.
2 × 60¢ = 120¢
Step 2:
Take 20% of 60¢ by finding 10%, and then doubling it. You know
that 10% of 60¢ is 6¢. To find 20%, double 6¢ , which is 12¢.

Step 3:
My Notes
Add the results of Step 1 and Step 2 together.
120¢ + 12¢ = 132¢

= $1.32
So, the price for one kilogram is approximately $1.32.
Method 2: Calculator
Remember that 1 kg ≈ 2.2 lb and that in this problem, 1 lb costs $0.59.
Multiply by 2.2.
1 kg ≈ $0.59 × 2.2
1 kg ≈ 1.298
1 kg ≈ $1.30
Bananas cost $1.30/kg.
Activity 4
Self-Check
In the following questions you will convert prices between pounds
and kilograms.
1. Devan is flipping through a grocery flyer. He sees T-bone steak

advertized for $4.99/lb.
a. Find the price per kilogram using a calculator.

b. How would you mentally estimate the price per kilogram?

My Notes
c. Why do you think the price is advertised per pound, rather

than per kilogram?
2. Penny is checking her receipt from her recent shop at the grocery
store. She remarks that the chicken thighs she purchased cost
$4.38/kg. What would have been the price per pound advertised
at the store?

your work.

My Notes Prices per 100 mL or 100 g

Some prices are given per kilogram or per litre. However at times,
prices are stated per 100 g or per 100 mL. Study the following
examples to see why.
Example 4
A specialty sausage in the deli department of a local supermarket is
advertised for $2.69/100 g.
a. What is the price per kilogram?

b. What is the price per pound?
c. Give a reason why the price might be quoted in per 100 g.
Solution
a. In this problem,
100 g = $2.69. To find the
price for 1 kg, continue this
pattern:
200 g = $2.69 times 2
300 g = $2.69 times 3
400 g = $2.69 times 4
• Photo by Nayashkova Olga © 2010
1000 g = $2.69 times 10 = $26.90
Since 1000 g equals 1 kilogram, the price for 1 kilogram of specialty

sausage is $26.90.

b. Remember 1 kg ≈ 2.2 lb and that in this problem, 1 kg costs

My Notes
$26.90.
1 lb costs ≈ $26.90 ÷ 2.2
1 lb costs ≈ $12.227…
1 lb costs ≈ $12.23
One pound costs $12.23.
c. The deli uses 100 g, because $2.69/100 g looks much less

expensive than either $26.90/kg or $12.23/lb.
Example 5
The local supermarket displays unit prices for its canned goods, such
as soups, to the nearest tenth of a cent per 100 mL. A 284-mL can of
tomato soup sells for $0.49. What is the unit price the store would
display on the shelf?
Solution
Since the unit prices are given to the nearest tenth of a cent, use cents
in your calculations. So $0.49 = 49¢.
A can of tomato soup is 49¢ for 284 mL. What you need to find out is
how much 100 mL would cost. Do this by setting up a proportion. Let
x be the price per 100 mL.
49 x
= cross multiply
284 100
(284)( x ) = (49)(100 ) Divide both sides by 284

to isolate x.
(49)(100 )
x=
(284)
x = 17
7.25352113...
The unit price label reads 17.3¢/100mL.

My Notes Activity 5
Self-Check
Use unit prices to see which item is the better buy.
1. At the same supermarket as in Example 5, a competitor’s brand of

tomato soup is sold in a 300-mL can for $0.55.
a. What unit price is shown for this brand?
b. Based on price alone, which brand of soup is the better buy:

the soup from Example 5 or the soup in this question?
2. Still at the same supermarket, Michael is checking the unit

prices to compare the same brand of breakfast cereal sold in two
different sizes. The 685-g package sells for $3.25, and the 1.9-kg
box sells for $9.99. Based on the unit prices shown in ¢/100g,
which is the better buy?

3. A certain brand of dishwasher soap at the local general store is

My Notes
sold in two sizes. The 1.69 kg size retails for $5.79, and the 2.83 kg
size sells for $8.49. Determine the better buy by calculating the
unit price in dollars per kilogram. Round to the nearest cent.
4. A popular bathroom tissue comes in two sizes: a 16-roll size that

sells for $8.79, and a 24-roll size for $10.49. Calculate the price per
roll to determine which is the better buy. Round the price per roll
to the nearest tenth of a cent.

your work.

My Notes Activity 6
Mastering Concepts
Precious metals are quoted in dollars per troy ounce. A troy ounce is
31.103 4668 g.
The Royal Canadian Mint

manufactures 1-oz gold coins for
investors. The 1-oz coin is called the
Gold Maple Leaf. The Mint also has
minted gold coins with a mass of 1 kg.
The coin shown in the photograph
is the 2008 award-winning “Towards
Confederation” coin that portrays
Photo by Horst Petzold © 2010
historical highlights in this country’s
changing nation, from New France to
Confederation.
On January 31, 2010, the price of gold was $1156.83 Canadian per
troy ounce. On that date, how much was 1 kg of gold worth?

your work.

Lesson Summary My Notes
When you’re shopping, it is

important to consider the price of
items as well as their appearance,
quality, freshness, or brand. In this
lesson you explored strategies for
comparison shopping. As well, you
investigated how retailers often
price articles to enhance sales.
As you worked through this lesson

you analyzed unit prices in both Photo by Mona Makela © 2010
SI and imperial measures. This is
because it’s still common in Canada to see price per pound for meats
and produce. However, at the cash register, the prices are quoted in
metric measures, such as kilograms.

Making Purchases—Lesson B: Price Increases and Decreases
Lesson B
Price Increases and Decreases
• an assortment of sales flyers • 6 activities
• a calculator
Essential Questions
• How are percentages used to calculate discounts and markups?

My Notes Focus
Steve’s mother wants new winter

tires installed on her vehicle.
She has asked Steve to check out
prices. Steve has just stopped by
the shop where his friend Carmen
works. Carmen says they have
a mid-season special right now.
Snow tires the size Steve’s mother
needs are regularly $199.00 each;
but, if she purchases the tires
this week, she will get all four
tires for the price of three. Steve
knows that, at the local building
centre, the same tires are regularly
$209.00 apiece, but they are on
Photo by Alaettin YILDIRIM © 2010
sale right now for 30% off.
Which is the better buy?
Get Started
Find a couple of sales

flyers that have arrived
in the mail or that are
available online. Take
a few minutes to leaf
through the flyers. Focus
on how the consumer
is encouraged to make
purchases from the stores
advertising in the flyers. Photo by JohnKwan © 2010
Are the flyers attractive and well laid out, and do they highlight items
of interest? Are there items on sale for less than regular price? Are
percent discounts featured or are the dollar values of the discounts
displayed? How can you tell, for instance, if $10.00 off is as good as a
discount of 20%?

Percents My Notes
When you are working with percents, it is important to be able to
convert among percents, decimals, and fractions.
Here are a few key points about percents.
• “Percent” means “out of a hundred.” The symbol, %, is just a

shorthand for writing /100.
For example:
15
15% means 15 out of 100 and as a fraction this would be
3 100
which can be reduced to .
20
15
• To change a fraction like to a decimal, divide the
100
numerator by the denominator.
15 ÷ 100 = 0.15
• To change a fraction to a percent, rewrite the fraction as an

equivalent fraction over 100.
For example:
2 2 × 20 40
= =
5 5 × 20 100
2
So is equal to 40%
5
• To change a decimal to a percent, move the decimal point two
place values to the right and put it over 100.
For example:
13.5
=
0.135 = 13.5%
100

My Notes Activity 1
Self-Check
1. Review the first two rows of the table. Then complete the rest of
the table.
Question Percent Fraction Reduced Decimal
Fraction
Example 10% 10 1 0.1
100 10
Example 15% 15 3 0.15
100 20
a. 45%
b. 1
4
c. 0.015
1
2. Write as a decimal and a percent.
3
3. Write 30% as a decimal and a fraction.
4. Write 2.5 as a fraction and a percent.

your work.

Explore My Notes
Discounts
Is “25% off” or “$10.00 off” the better sale? It depends on the original
cost of the item. But how can you figure out how much money you’ll
save when you are only told the percentage? This next example will
show you how to change a percent discount into actual dollar-and-
cents savings.
Example 1
Brandon is looking at a menswear flyer. Dress
socks regularly priced at $7.99 a pair are
advertised at 25% off.
a. How much do you save?

b. What is the sale price?
Solution
a. 100% of the price is $7.99
You save 25% of the price. This has
been shaded below. Photo by tadija © 2010
$0 $4.00 $7.99
0% 50% 100%
To find 25% of $7.99, change 25% to a decimal and multiply.
Discount = 0.25 × $7.99

Discount = $1.9975 (round to the nearest penny)
Discount = $2.00
You save $2.00.
b. Sale Price = Regular Price – Discount (Savings)

Sale Price = $7.99 – $2.00
Sale Price = $5.99

My Notes Activity 2
Try This
In this activity you will calculate sales prices from percent discounts
advertised in flyers or on the Internet.
Step 1: Select a flyer you received or go to the website of your

favourite retailer. Look for at least five items that are reduced by a
percent discount. Calculate the dollar discount and the sale price as
in Example 1.
1. The first row has been completed, as an example. Complete the

table with the five items you found in Step 1. Round calculated
prices to the nearest cent.
Item Regular Percent Dollar Sale Price
Description Price Discount Discount
dress socks $7.99 25% $2.00 $5.99
(1 pair)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
2. Is there a way to determine the discounted price without first

finding the dollar discount? If there is, show how this is done
using one of your entries from Question 1.

3. Look online for a “percent calculator,” which may help in

My Notes
checking your table entries. There are a number available for both
the computer and cellphone. Find at least three such calculators,
and rank them according to suitability and ease of use. Record
their web addresses here:
Website #1:
Ranking:
Website #2:
Ranking:
Website #3:
Ranking:

your work.
In Explore, you examined price discounts (in percent, %, and in

dollar amount, $). In Example 2 you’ll look at an alternative method
you could use to answer these types of questions. Maybe you’ll find
that this method suits you better.
Example 2
The regular price of a child’s toy guitar is $16.00. The guitar is on sale
for 25% off. What is the sale price?
Alternate Method
Determine the discounted price by subtracting the percent discount
from 100. If the original price is discounted 25%, the discounted price
must be 100% – 25% = 75% of the original price. If you look at the
image below, the area not shaded is equal to the discounted price, 75%.

$0 $8.00 $16.00
My Notes
0% 50% 100%
Sale price = 75% of $16.00

= 0.75 × $16.00
= $12.00
Activity 3
Self-Check
In the following question you will use the two methods shown in
Examples 1 and 2 to find the sale price.
1. A 32" LCD television is regularly $399.99. This week, the store is

offering a 5% discount. What is the sale price?
a. Draw a similar visual to the ones used in Example 1 and 2, to
better understand the problem.
b. Use the method from Example 1 to answer the question.
c. Use the method in Example 2 to answer the question.

your work.

Price Increases My Notes

The same approach used to find price discounts can be used to find
price increases. When would finding percent increases be helpful?
Stores, for example, purchase goods from wholesalers for less than
their selling price. Stores need to add a markup to the wholesale
price to cover costs, such as salaries, rent, and utility bills.
How much do you think the grocery store paid for the pack of gum
you bought for $1.99 last week? You might think of the selling price
as the wholesale price plus the markup.
Example 3
The local electronics store buys a certain brand of digital camera for
$75.00 and marks the price up 70%. What is the dollar markup and
what is the selling price?
Solution
The mark up is 70% of $75.
$0 $37.50 $75.00
0% 50% 100%
Method 1
First, find the dollar markup.
markup = 70% of $75.00

= 0.70 × $75.00
= $52.50
Then find the selling price.
selling price = wholesale price + markup

= $75.00 + $52.50
= $127.50

Method 2
My Notes
Find the selling price first.
The wholesale price was increased by 70%. So, the selling price is
100% of the buying price, plus the 70% increase.
So, the selling price = 100% of the wholesale price + 70% of the
wholesale price
= 170% of the wholesale price
= 1.70 × $75
= $127.50
The dollar markup = selling price – wholesale price

= $127.50 – $75
= $52.50
Activity 4
Self-Check
In the following questions you will use both methods to find the
increased prices.
1. The neighbourhood florist has purchased specialty vases for

$9.00 apiece wholesale. The florist intends to mark up the vases
75%. What are the dollar markup and the selling price? Use both
methods as shown in Example 3.

2. Taxes are another way prices are increased. When you purchase
My Notes
most things in Canada, you will have to pay additional taxes.
In 2010, in Manitoba the provincial sales tax is 7% and the federal
GST is 5%. Fabbio has just purchased a slow cooker listed at
$17.99 from a store in Winnipeg. What was the total cost of his
purchase? How much did he pay in taxes?

your work.
Dollar Discounts into Percent Discounts

Often in a sales flyer, the discount
is quoted in a dollar value rather
than as a percent. In the next part
of the lesson, you will convert
dollar discounts to percent
discounts.
Example 4
Photo by Marsel82 © 2010
Dual shock controllers for gaming
are $49.99 after a discount of $5.00. What was the original price and
what is the percent discount? Round to the nearest tenth of a percent.
Solution
original price = Sale Price + Dollar Discount
= $49.99 + $5.00
= $54.99

To find the percent discount, you must determine what a $5.00

My Notes
discount on an original price of $54.99 is as a percent, or out of 100.
Let the percent discount be x%.
Method 1
Set up a proportion.
Dollar Discount Percent Discount

=
Original Price 100
5.00 x
= Cross multiply and divide
54.00 100
to isolate x.
100(5.00 )
=x
54.00
x = 9.092562284...
The discount is approximately 9.1%.
Method 2
Divide the dollar discount by the original price. Then convert to a
percent.
Dollar Discount 5.00

=
Original Price 54.99
= 0.09092562824... Move the decimal two
= 9.092562824...% places to the right.
≈ 9.1%
Example 5
A clothing store buys a line of men’s suits for $150.00 each from a suit
wholesaler. The store owner decides he must mark up the price of each
suit by $90.00 in order to make a profit. What is the percent markup?
Solution
Another way to phrase this question is “What percentage is $90 out
of $150?” We’ll show two methods for solving this problem.

Method 1
My Notes
x 90
=
100 150
x 90
(100 ) = (100 )
100 150
x = 60
The suits have been marked up by 60%.
Method 2
Convert a fraction to a percent.
markup price 90
=
wholesale price 150
= 0.6
= 60%
The suits have been marked up by 60%.

My Notes Activity 5
Self-Check
1. A business supply store advertises anti-virus software for $29.99.
This is the price after a $30.00 discount.
a. What was the original price?
b. What is the percent discount? Round your answer to the

nearest tenth of a percent.

2. A portable GPS is advertised for $119.96. This is the price after a

My Notes
$30.00 discount.
a. What was the original price?
Photo by Stephen VanHorn © 2010
b. What is the percent discount? Round your answer to the

nearest tenth of a percent.
3. A cellphone store purchases a popular cellphone for $40.00

wholesale. The store sells the phone for $69.99.
a. What is the dollar markup?
b. What is the percent markup? Round to the nearest tenth of

one percent.

your work.

My Notes Activity 6
Mastering Concepts
Macey runs a gift store in Whitehorse. She has purchased stone
inukshuk souvenirs at a wholesale price of $40.00 each.
a. At the beginning of July, Macey

marked up the wholesale price by
60%. There are a few inukshuk
souvenirs left near the end of the
summer. Macey discounts the selling
price 25% for her annual clearance
sale. What is the discounted price?
Photo by Chris Howey © 2010
b. Suppose Macey had bought the inukshuks when the wholesaler

was having a sale. Assume the discount on the wholesale price
was 25%, and then Macey marked up the discounted price by
60%. What would the selling price have been?

your work.

Lesson Summary My Notes
If you are interested in

a career in retail, one of
the mathematical skills
you will need is working
with percent. You will
need to determine
appropriate selling
prices by calculating the
markup required to pay
for business expenses and
provide for profits. During Photo by Andresr © 2010
sales, you will have to
calculate discounts.
In this lesson you analyzed selling prices after applying either a dollar
or percent increase or decrease.

Making Purchases—Lesson C: Currency Exchange
Lesson C
Currency Exchange
• access to the Internet (optional) • 7 activities
• your calculator
Essential Questions
• What are currency exchange rates?
• What is the difference between the selling rate and the buying rate when
exchanging currencies?
• How are exchange rates used to convert between the Canadian dollar and
foreign currencies?

My Notes Focus
During Spring Break, Anna’s

mother will be attending
an Aboriginal studies
conference in the Florida
Keys. Anna will be travelling
with her. This is the first
time Anna will be in the
United States. Anna is very
excited because they might
even have time to go to
Photo by Christophe Testi © 2010
Disney World and Universal
Studios!
Anna and her mother have booked their trip through a local travel
agent. The travel agent has been very helpful and has given them
advice on what they will need, from passports to American currency.
The travel agent has a map on the wall of some of the places she has
visited, and Anna thinks to herself, “I bet being a travel agent would
be a great career!”
Anna plans to change $200.00 Canadian dollars into American dollars

at the bank. “I wonder,” she thinks. “If I didn’t spend a cent of the
American cash I take with me, would I get the full $200.00 back if I
exchanged it back to Canadian dollars after my trip?”
Get Started
When you exchange one currency into another, you quite often will
need to solve a proportion.
Let’s review the types of proportions you would use for exchanging
currencies. Work through the following examples and then try
Activity 1.

Example 1
My Notes
If one unit costs $2.15, how much would 20 units cost?
Solution
Since 1 unit = $2.15, then 2 units = $2.15 × 2, and 3 units = $2.15 × 3.
Following this pattern, then 20 units = $2.15 × 20 = $43.00
Example 2
There are 4 red dots for every 7 blue dots. How many red dots would
there be if there were 259 blue dots?
Solution
red dots 4
=
blue dots 7
You are told that there are 259 blue dots, so substitute “259” for “blue
dots.” Put an “x” where it says red dots.
x 4
= Cross multiply and divide
259 7
to isolate x.
4(259)
x=
7
x = 148
There would be 148 red dots.

My Notes Activity 1
Self-Check
Solve each problem using the method in either Example 1 or 2.
1. There are 4 squares for every 9 circles. If there are 180 circles, how
many squares are there?
2. For every hockey player on the team there are 16 fans in the
stands. If there are 12 hockey players on the team, how many fans
are in the stands?

your work.

Explore My Notes
Have you purchased items over the Internet where prices were given
in American dollars, British pounds, or euro (the currency used by
countries in the European Common Market)? If you have, you know
that you have to convert those currencies into Canadian dollars to
comprehend how much the item will cost you.
In the next activity, you will search for particular items on the
Internet priced in foreign currencies. This activity will give you an
idea whether these other currencies are worth more or less than your
Canadian dollar.
Activity 2
Self-Check
You will need access to the Internet to complete this activity.
Heather is saving her

money to buy her first
car. She has her eye on
a subcompact, fuel-
efficient hatchback. She
is wondering if she were
to buy the car in another
country whether she
Photo by Maksim Toome © 2010
would pay more or less
than she would in Canada.
Country HEATHER’S RESEARCH Name of Currency

Canada $14 750 CAD Canadian dollars
United States $12 605 USD United States dollars
United Kingdom 10 256 GBP British pounds
France 12 190 EUR European euros
Russia 705 000 RUB Russian rubles

1. Is there something you, like Heather, would like to buy? Look up

My Notes
that item on the Internet and find its price in Canada and in at
least three other countries. Record the prices in the currency of
each country, as well as the name of the currency. Record your
research in the table below.
Country YOUR RESEARCH Name of Currency
Canada
2. Is it possible to determine where the item would be the least

expensive? Why or why not?

your work.

Currency Exchange Rates My Notes

In order to travel to or do
business in other countries,
you would have to convert
your Canadian dollars into
the currency used in the other
country. For example, if you
travelled to Mexico on a winter
vacation, you would need to
bring Mexican pesos rather than
Canadian dollars. Do you know
how many Mexican pesos are
Photo by Maksim Toome © 2010
equivalent to $1.00 Canadian?
On February 2, 2010, one Canadian dollar was equal to approximately

$2.13 Mexican pesos. More simply and exactly this is written as:
1.00 CAD = 2.1271 MXN
This is an example of a currency exchange rate. It tells you how

many Mexican pesos you get in exchange for one Canadian dollar.
Currency exchange rates change everyday. This is why the date was
given for the exchange rate above. Exchange rates depend on the
stock market—so what business and investors are willing to pay for
the currency. The value of the Canadian dollar will rise, for example,
when there is a demand for Canadian dollars to pay for the goods
Canada exports or to invest in Canada.
Conversions between currencies are handled by banks, investment

houses, currency exchanges, and other financial institutions. If you
were travelling to the United States, you could go to the bank or to a
currency exchange kiosk at an airport to buy American dollars.
Using a Currency Converter

There are lots of online currency converters that you can use to
quickly convert between currencies. The Bank of Canada website has
a currency converter. You can use this converter to explore exchange
rates among major currencies. These rates are updated daily. You can
look up current rates or you can explore rates for any date in the past
ten years.

My Notes Go to Bank of Canada–Currency Converter (http://www.

openschool.bc.ca/courses/math/awm10/mod4.html).
You will need access to the Internet to complete the next activity.
When you’re working with the Bank of Canada currency converter

in this activity, select the nominal exchange rate. The cash rate
includes an estimate of the fees commercial banks and other financial
institutions charge customers to convert their currency. The nominal
rate does not include these transaction fees.
Activity 3
Try This
For this optional activity you will need your calculator and access to
the Internet.
In this activity you will convert foreign currency amounts into

Canadian dollars using the Bank of Canada Currency Converter.
You will recall that from Activity 2 that Heather was interested in the
prices (exclusive of taxes and other charges) consumers pay in several
other countries for a particular subcompact, fuel-efficient hatchback
she would love to own. Her research was as follows:
Country HEATHER’S RESEARCH Name of Currency

Canada 14 750 CAD Canadian dollars
United States 12 605 USD United States dollars
United Kingdom 10 256 GBP British pounds
France 12 190 EUR European euros
Russia 705 000 RUB Russian rubles

On February 3, 2010, Heather used the Bank of Canada website to

My Notes
convert the foreign amounts into Canadian dollars to see where the
car was least expensive and where it was most expensive! Here are her
results:
Country HEATHER’S Price in Canadian Price in Canadian

RESEARCH Dollars as of Dollars as of
February 3, 2010
Canada 14 750 CAD 14 750.00
United States 12 605 USD 13 372.64
United Kingdom 10 256 GBP 17 315.20
France 12 190 EUR 17 983.91
Russia 705 000 RUB 24 935.85
It appears the hatchback is least expensive to buy in the United States

and most expensive in Russia. The prices in the United Kingdom and
in France are similar.
1. Complete the last column of the table, using the Bank of Canada’s
currency converter for today’s date.
Go to Bank of Canada–Currency Converter (http://www.

openschool.bc.ca/courses/math/awm10/mod4.html).
Once you have the converter open, follow the steps below to
complete this activity.
Step 1: Select the nominal exchange rate.
Step 2: Select the currency you wish to convert from the “From” list.
Step 3: Select the currency you wish to exchange into from the “To”
list. For this activity, you will be choosing “Canadian dollar” from the
“To” list.

Step 4: Enter the amount you wish to convert, without spaces or any
My Notes
currency symbol, and click “Convert.”
*Please note: British pound may also be called "UK Pound Sterling."
2. How do your results differ from Heather’s results? Why do you

think that is?
3. You will recall that, in Get Started, you looked up foreign prices
for an item in which you were interested. Set up a table for your
item, just like Heather did for her hatchback. Use the Bank of
Canada currency converter for today’s date.
Country YOUR RESEARCH Name of Price in Canadian
Currency Dollars as of
Canada
Based on Canadian dollars, where is your item the most

expensive? Where is your item the least expensive?

4. The Bank of Canada’s currency converter isn’t the only currency

My Notes
converter on the web. Search for at least three others. You may wish
to look for an application you can download to your cellphone.
Rank the calculators you find for accuracy and ease of use.
CURRENCY CONVERTER Accuracy Ease of Use
(description or web address) (rank from 1 – 3) (rank from 1 – 3)

your work.
In Explore, you compared prices in foreign currencies to prices in

Canadian dollars. The Bank of Canada currency converter is an
efficient tool for making these comparisons. However, you may
not always have access to an online currency converter. Nominal
exchange rates are printed in the business or financial sections of
most large, daily newspapers.

The following table was compiled from rates available on February 3,

My Notes
2010. In this table foreign currencies are compared to the Canadian
dollar. Most tables are much more extensive, listing many more
currencies.
Number of CAD
Currency Unit Units per 1.00 CAD
per Unit
ARS Argentina Pesos 3.611 723 7028 0.276 876 1074
AUD Australia Dollars 1.068 204 8782 0.936 150 0030
BMD Bermuda Dollars 0.941 902 1079 1.061 681 4546
BRL Brazil Reals 1.748 147 6561 0.572 034 0593
CAD Canada Dollars 1.000 000 0000 1.000 000 0000
CLP Chile Pesos 506.978 809 5743 0.001 972 4690
CNY China Yuan Renminbi 6.431 307 6574 0.155 489 3737
COP Colombia Pesos 1846.068 238 8706 0.000 541 6918
CRC Costa Rica Colones 520.400 914 6117 0.001 921 5954
DKK Denmark Kroner 5.047 264 9501 0.198 127 1064
DOP Dominican Republic Pesos 34.049 761 2004 0.029 368 7816
EGP Egypt Pounds 5.139 017 7605 0.194 589 7147
EUR Euro 0.677 984 6605 1.474 959 6242
HKD Hong Kong Dollars 7.315 705 8239 0.136 692 2104
ISK Iceland Kronur 119.859 046 6140 0.008 343 1333
INR India Rupees 43.431 106 7699 0.023 024 9716
ILS Israel New Shekels 3.491 919 7863 0.286 375 4213
JMD Jamaican Dollars 84.042 384 0425 0.011 898 7581
JPY Japan Yen 85.767 463 9706 0.011 659 4330
JOD Jordan Dinars 0.667 808 5864 1.497 435 0740
KES Kenya Shillings 71.537 462 2201 0.013 978 6899
LBP Lebanon Pounds 1415.207 917 1116 0.000 706 6100
MYR Malaysia Ringgits 3.218 479 5027 0.310 705 7227
MXN Mexico Pesos 12.218 467 4816 0.081 843 3246
NZD New Zealand Dollars 1.331 680 1486 0.750 931 0708
NOK Norway Kroner 5.534 052 4056 0.180 699 4092
PKR Pakistan Rupees 80.009 364 0737 0.012 498 5370
PEN Peru Nuevos Soles 2.686 915 6931 0.372 173 9400
PHP Philippines Pesos 43.258 179 4920 0.023 117 0154
PLN Poland Zlotych 2.720 219 2604 0.367 617 4250
RUB Russia Roubles 28.142 067 0148 0.035 533 9926
SAR Saudi Arabia Riyals 3.532 198 5428 0.283 109 7935

Number of CAD My Notes

per Unit
ZAR South Africa Rand 7.078 298 9702 0.141 276 8808
SEK Sweden Kronor 6.859 767 2485 0.145 777 5408
CHF Switzerland Francs 0.997 856 3900 1.002 148 2150
THB Thailand Baht 31.162 830 3754 0.032 089 5114
TRY Turkey Lira 1.407 776 5262 0.710 340 0159
GBP United Kingdom Pounds 0.592 765 8546 1.687 006 7535
USD United States Dollars 0.941 902 1079 1.061 681 4546
VEF Venezuela Bolivares Fuertes 4.050 179 0639 0.246 902 6639
Take a look at Example 1 to see how this table is used.
Example 1
As part of a school tour, Eddy and several of his classmates are
travelling in France. They have just stopped to eat in a small cafe. The
luncheon special costs €12.00.
a. How might Eddy and his friends use their knowledge about
the relative value of the Canadian dollar and the euro to
estimate the cost of the special in Canadian dollars?
b. Use the table to determine the cost, in Canadian dollars, of the
luncheon special to the nearest cent.
Solution
a. In France, the euro is used as their currency. From the table use
the following information.
Number of CAD per
Unit
EUR euro 0.677 984 6605 1.474 959 6242
What this means, is that one Canadian dollar buys you

approximately €0.68.
For this problem, we are trying to convert from the new

currency to Canadian dollars. So for this problem, you would
use the last column. The last column tells you that:
One euro costs approximately $1.47 Canadian.

Eddy and his friends can estimate the cost of their €12.00
My Notes
lunch, by overestimating that for each €1 they would be
paying $1.50 Canadian.
€1 ≈ $1.50
€2 ≈ $1.50 × 2
€3 ≈ $1.50 × 3
So, €1 ≈ $1.50 × 12 = $18 Canadian
b. To convert the 12 Euros to Canadian dollars, use the value

given in the last column of the table.
Use, €1.00 = $1.474 959 6242.
€12.00 = $1.474 959 6242 × 12
= $17.699 515 49
≈ $17.70
The lunch special costs $17.70.
Example 2
Carl has a cousin in England who is a plumbing and heating
installation and repair technician. Last year, Carl’s cousin earned
£32 000. Carl has a similar job in Canada and earned $54 000.
Compare their earnings.
Solution
From the table, use the following information.
Currency Unit Per 1.00 CAD Number of CAD per Unit

GBP (United Kingdom
0. 5927658546 1.6870067535
Pounds)
We’ll use these exchange rates to convert from pounds to Canadian

dollars. Once we know Carl’s cousin’s salary in Canadian dollars, we
can compare it to Carl’s salary. We can solve this problem in several
ways. Here, we’ll work through two methods.

Method 1
My Notes
1£ = $ CAD
1£ = $1.6870067535 CAD
(32 000)(1£) = ($1.6870067535 CAD)(32 000)
32 000 £ = $53 984.22 CAD
$54 000 – $53 984.22 = $15.78
Carl earned $15.78 more than his cousin last year.
Method 2
Set up a proportion. Make sure the units of the numerators are the
same and the units of the denominators are the same.
x $1.6870067535
=
32 000 £ 1£
x $1.6870067535
(32 000) = (32 000)
32 000 £ 1£
x = $53 984.22
$54 000 – $53 984.22 = $15.78
Carl earned $15.78 more than his cousin last year.
Both methods result in the same answer. Notice that the calculations
were the same for both methods. The difference is in how the
solutions were set up and organized. Give both methods a try and use
whichever method makes the most sense to you!
o view the animated solution for this example, go and

T
look at Currency Conversion (http://media.openschool.bc.ca/
osbcmedia/math/mathawm10/html/ma10_currency.html).

My Notes Activity 4
Self-Check
Complete these questions by using the currency-exchange table from
Example 1 and 2.
1. Janice is holidaying in Mexico. She sees a silver bracelet in a gift

shop for 800.00 MXN.
a. How might Janice estimate the cost in Canadian dollars?
b. Use the table to determine the cost in Canadian dollars to the

nearest cent.
2. On an online shopping website, a right-handed composite goalie

stick is advertised for 65.00 USD. Excluding transaction fees, taxes,
and shipping, what is the price in Canadian dollars?

3. Hera has just opened a US-dollar investment account. She wishes

My Notes
to invest 12 450.00 CAD. What is that amount in US dollars?
4. Why are there so many decimal places given in currency-exchange

tables?

your work.
Using Conversion Factors

If you look at the foreign-exchange table, you will notice that both
the conversion factors for changing Canadian dollars into a foreign
currency and the conversion factor for changing a foreign currency
into Canadian dollars are given. This is very convenient. If you were
converting between Chinese yuan and Canadian dollars, you would
simply refer to the following line in the table.
Number of CAD per

Unit
CNY China Yuan Renminbi 6.431 307 6574 0.155 489 3737
To convert 100.00 CDN to Chinese yuan, you would use the first
conversion factor and multiply.
1.00 CAD = 6.431 307 6574 CNY

100.00 CAD = 6.431 307 6574 CNY × 100
100.00 CAD ≈ 643.13 CNY

To convert CNY 100.00 to Canadian dollars, you would use the

My Notes
second conversion factor and multiply.
1.00 CNY = 0.155 489 3737 CAD

100.00 CNY = 100 × 0.155 489 3737 CAD
100.00 CNY = 15.55 CAD
However, what would you do if you only knew one conversion

factor? This is where knowing how to set up proportions becomes
very useful.
Example 3
Marcel is reviewing his financial records. On January 22, 2003, he
transferred 500.00 CAD into a US-dollar savings account. If, on that
date, 1.00 USD = 1.532 CAD, what was Marcel’s deposit in US dollars?
Disregard fees and commissions.
Solution
US dollar 1 USD
=
Canadian dollar 1.532 CAD
In this example, you are given $500 Canadian, and you are asked to
find what this would be in US dollars. Replace “Canadian dollar” with
the $500 and put "x” in for “US dollar”.
x 1
= ply and divide.
To solve the proportion, cross-multip
500 1.532
(500)1
x=
1.532
x = 326.3707572...
x = 326.37
On January 22, 2003, Marcel deposited 326.37 USD.

Activity 5 My Notes
Self-Check
1. On March 20, 2009, Victor was
in Peru on his way to the Inca
city of Machu Picchu. He was
going to witness the sun on
the Intihuatana stone at noon
during the equinox. He spent
450 nuevos soles (PEN). That
day, 1.00 CAD was equal to
2.5189 PEN. What did Victor
spend in Canadian dollars?
Photo by Amy Nichole Harris © 2010
2. On October 1, 2009, the Cardinal family stayed at a motel in

Sidney, Austraila. The charge for the room was 150.00 AUD. If on
that date, 1.00 CAD was equal to 1.0632 AUD, what was the room
charge in Canadian dollars?

your work.

My Notes Buy and Sell Exchange Rates

Up to this point in the lesson, you have
worked with nominal currency exchange
rates. There were no transaction fees.
However, banks and other financial
institutions charge a percentage of the
currency exchange as their commission.
This commission is often 4%. These fees
may vary depending on whether the
transaction is in cash, involves a cheque,
is a credit card transaction, or is an
investment. The fees also depend on the
amount of the exchange, and the fees may
be negotiable.
Photo by Mr Doomits © 2010
For customers wishing to exchange currency, banks will advertise

buy and sell exchange rates. These exchange rates for selling and
buying are different from one another, and they both differ from the
nominal exchange rates because they include fees.
Example 4
Yolanda walks into the bank and asks to exchange $100 Canadian
dollars for US dollars. The teller consults the “We Sell” column,
because the bank is selling US dollars to Yolanda.
The rate is: 1.00 USD = 1.0855 CAD
a. What will the amount be in US dollars?

b. If Yolanda changes her mind shortly afterwards and returns to
the bank to exchange the US dollars back to Canadian dollars,
the teller will consult the “We Buy” column. The rate is
1.00 USD = 1.0303 CAD. How much money will Yolanda
receive in Canadian dollars?
c. What were the total fees for the two transactions?

Solution
My Notes
a. Set up a proportion.
USD 1.00 USD
=
CAD 1.0855 CAD
In this example, you are told that Yolanda has $100 CAD, and
you are asked to find what this would be in US dollars. Replace
“Canadian dollars” with the 100 and put “x” in for “US dollar”.
x 1
=
100 1.0855
(100 )(1)
x=
1.0855
x = 92.12344542...
x = 92.12
Yolanda will receive 92.12 USD for her 100.00 CAD.
b. To convert the 92.12 US dollars back to Canadian dollars, use

1 USD = 1.0303 CAD
1 USD = 1.0303 CAD
2 USD = 1.0303 CAD × 2
3 USD = 1.0303 CAD × 3
So, 92.12 USD = 1.0303 CAD × 92.12 CAD

= 94.911 236 CAD
≈ 94.91 CAD
Yolanda receives $94.91 CAD.
c. Yolanda started with $100 Canadian and now only has $94.91
Canadian.
total fees = 100.00 CAD – 94.91 CAD
= 5.09 CAD

My Notes Activity 6
Self-Check
Refer to this table to answer the following questions.
Country Currency Name/ Rate Bank Will Rate Bank Will Sell
Currency Code Buy from You to You
Euro (EUR) 1.4121 1.5325
Sweden Krona (SEK) 0.1387 0.01532
Scotland Scottish Pound (SCO) 1.6285 1.7452
1. Xena has been on a holiday in Germany. On her return to Canada,

she has €350.12 in cash. She exchanges the euros for Canadian
dollars. How much does she receive in Canadian money?
2. Wilma is planning a trip to Sweden. She goes to the bank to

exchange 500.00 CAD for Swedish kronas. How much will she
receive in Swedish kronas?

3. Quincy has turned 17. He received a cheque for £50.00 from his
My Notes
uncle in Scotland. How much will Quincy receive in Canadian
dollars from the bank?

your work.
Activity 7
Mastering Concepts
On Thursday, the exchange rate for the Australian dollar was
1.00 CAD = 1.0692 AUD. On the same day, the exchange rate for
the euro was 1.00 CAD = 0.6678 EUR. Complete the following
conversion. Round to 4 decimal places.
1.00 EUR = ? AUD

your work.

My Notes Lesson Summary
If you are interested

in a career in financial
services, such as banking or
investment, you will handle
currencies from across the
world. Currency exchange is
also a critical skill in import
and export, small and large
businesses involving foreign
suppliers or customers,
travel agencies, airlines, Photo by Stasys Eidiejus © 2010
cross-border trucking, and other industries, just to name a few.
In a highly interconnected world, as the map pictured suggests, all

Canadians need this skill.
In this lesson you examined nominal currency exchange rates

and exchange rates reflecting transaction fees charged by financial
institutions, such as banks and credit unions. You used various tools
to solve problems involving these rates. These tools included online
currency converters, tables, proportional reasoning, and conversion
factors.

Making Purchases— Appendix
Making Purchases—
Appendix
Solutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Data Pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

Making Purchases—Appendix —Solutions
Solutions
Lesson A: Unit Prices
Lesson A: Activity 1: Self Check
a. A
kilogram weighs more than a pound. So, to convert pounds into
kilograms, divide by 2.2.
8 ÷ 2.2 = 3.636 363…
8 lb is approximately 3.6 kg.
b. To convert kilograms into pounds, see the pattern.

1 kg = 2.2 lb,
So 2 kg = 2.2 lb × 2
And 3 kg = 2.2 lb × 3
Following this pattern, 6.2 kg = 2.2 lb × 6.2 = 13.64 lb
6.2 kg is approximately 13.6 lb.
c. To convert kilograms into pounds, see the pattern.

1 kg = 2.2 lb,
So 2 kg = 2.2 lb × 2
And 3 kg = 2.2 lb × 3
Following this pattern, 35 kg = 2.2 lb × 35 = 77lb
35 kg is approximately 77 lb.
d. A
kilogram weighs more than a pound. So, to convert pounds into
kilograms, divide by 2.2.
115 ÷ 2.2 = 52.272 727….
115 lb is approximately 52.3 kg.

Lesson A: Activity 2: Self Check

The package price is $1.39 for 150 g of jellybeans. What you need to find out is
what 100 g of the package, would cost. Then you can compare this to the bulk
bin price.
Do this by setting up a proportion.
$1.39 x
= cross multiply
150 g 100 g
100(1.39 )
=x multiply the numerators then
150 divide by the denominator
0.9266... = x
So the packaged jellybeans cost $0.93 for every 100 g of jellybeans. This is more
expensive than the bulk price of $0.49/100g. Bulk is the better buy.
Lesson A: Activity 3: Try This
1.
Item Bulk Package Size Package Package

Description Price/100 g Price Price/100g
baking $0.99/100 g 250 g $7.99 $3.20/100 g
almonds
Answers will vary. Students can use the calculator method or mental
calculations with approximate answers to compare the bulk and
packaged prices.

2. Answers will vary.
3. Answers will vary. Many packaged items, have re-sealable openings to keep
food items fresher. Bulk usually only offers thin plastic bags and twist ties.
Freshness of bulk items at times can be an issue.
Lesson A: Activity 4: Self-Check

In the following questions you will convert prices between pounds and kilograms.
1. a. Remember that 1 kg ≈ 2.2 lb and that in this problem, 1 lb costs $4.99.

Multiply by 2.2.
1 kg ≈ 2.2 × $4.99
1 kg ≈ 10.978
1 kg ≈ $10.98
T-bone steaks cost $10.98/kg.
b. Remember that 1 kg ≈ 2.2 lb and that in this problem, 1 lb costs $4.99 or

approximately $5.
Use the approximated unit price of $5.
Step 1:
Multiply by 2.
2 × $5 = $10
Step 2:
Take 20% of $5 by finding 10%, and then doubling. You know that 10%
of $5 is $0.50. To find 20%, double $0.50, which is $1.
Step 3:
Add the results of Step 1 and Step 2 together.
= $10 + $1
= $11
So the price for one kilogram is approximately $11.
c. Stores might advertise prices by the pound rather than by the kilogram,
because the prices appear less expensive when advertised by the pound.
A price of $4.99/lb is less of a shock than $10.98/kg.

2. Remember 1 kg ≈ 2.2 lb and that in this problem, 1 kg costs $4.38.

Notice that in this problem, you are converting from kg to lbs. So instead of
multiplying by 2.2, in this case, you would divide by 2.2
1 lb costs ≈ $4.38 ÷ 2.2
1 lb costs ≈ $1.9909…
1 lb costs ≈ $1.99
Chicken thighs cost $1.99/lb.
Lesson A: Activity 5: Self-Check
1. a. Since the unit prices are given to the nearest tenth of a cent, use cents in
your calculations. So $0.55 = 55¢.
Set up a proportion. Let x be the price per 100 mL.
55 x
=
300 mL 100 mL
100(55)
=x
300
18.333333... = x
The unit price label reads 18.3¢/100mL.
b. Based on price alone, the 284-mL can of tomato soup selling for $0.49 is
the better buy.
2. First, find the cost/100 g of the 685-g size.

Since the unit prices are given to the nearest tenth of a cent, use cents in
your calculations. So $3.25 = 325¢.
Set up a proportion. Let x be the price per 100 g.
325 x
=
685 g 100 g
100(325)
=x
685
47.44525547... = x
The unit price label reads 47.4¢/100 g.

Next, find the cost/100 g of the 1.9-kg size.

Since the unit prices are given to the nearest tenth of a cent, use cents in
your calculations. So $9.99 = 999¢
Change the measure of 1.9 kg to grams.
1.9 kg = 1.9 × 1000 g
1.9 kg = 1900 g
Set up a proportion. Let x be the price per 100 g.
999 x
=
1900 g 100 g
100(999 )
=x
1900
52.57894737... = x
The unit price label reads 52.6¢/100 g. This is more than 47.4¢/100 g. So,
the 685-g box is the better buy.
3. Calculate the unit price for the 1.69-kg size.

Set up a proportion. Let x be the price per 1 kg.
5.79 x
=
1.69 kg 1 kg
1(5.79 )
=x
1.69
3.426035503... = x
The 1.69 kg size sells for $3.43/kg.
Calculate the unit price for the 2.83 kg size.
Set up a proportion. Let x be the price per 1 kg.
8.49 x
=
2.83 kg 1 kg
1(8.49 )
=x
2.83
3=x
The 2.83-kg size sells for $3.00/kg.
The 2.83-kg size is the better buy!

4. The answer is to be given in cents. The 16-roll size sells for $8.79
which is 879¢.
Divide by 16, to find the price of one roll.
879¢ ÷ 16 = 54.9375 ≈ 54.9¢
The 24-roll size sells for $10.49, or 1049¢.
Divide by 24, to find the price of one roll.
1049¢ ÷ 24 = 47.7083333…¢ ≈ 47.7¢
The 24-roll size is the better buy.
Lesson A: Activity 6: Mastering Concepts

Let x be the price of 1 kg of gold.
Set up a proportion. Because you must use the same units in the proportion,
use 31.103 4668 g for 1 oz and 1000 g for 1 kg.
x $1156.83
=
1000 g 31.1034668 g
100(1156.83 )
x=
31.1034668
x = 37193.96011
x = 37193.960
The price of 1 kg of gold on January 31, 2010, was $37 193.96 in Canadian
dollars.

Lesson B: Price Increases and Decreases

Lesson B: Activity 1: Self Check
1.
Question Percent Fraction Reduced Decimal
Fraction
a. 45% 45 9 0.45
100 20
b. 25% 25 1 0.25
100 4
c. 1.5% 1.5 3 1.5
100 200
1
2. =1÷3
3
= 0.333…
Move the decimal two places to the right and put that value over 100. Leave
whatever is left after the decimal place.
33.333... 1
= 33.333...%, or 33 %
100 3
30 3
3. 30% = which can be reduced to
100 10
As a decimal, 30% is 3 ÷ 10 = 0.3
5
4. 2.5 is read as 2 and 5 tenths and written as 2 .
10
5 25
As an improper fraction 2 is . Reduced, this fraction becomes
10 10
25 ÷ 5 5
= .
10 ÷ 5 2
250
As a percent, 2.5 = which equals 250%.
100

Lesson B: Activity 2: Try This
1. Answers will vary. You will check the accuracy of your answers in question 2.
2. Answers will vary. For example, students may realize that to find the sale
price of an item that is discounted by 20% they can calculate 80% of the
regular price.
1. a.
$0 $200.00 $399.99
0% 50% 100%
b. Method 1: First determine the dollar discount. Then subtract the dollar
discount to find the sale price.
dollar discount = 5% of $399.99
= 0.05 × $399.99
= $19.9995 (round to nearest penny)
≈ $20.00
Sale price = regular price – dollar discount
= $399.99 – $20.00
= $379.99
c. Method 2: Determine the discounted price by subtracting the percent

discount from 100%. If the original price is discounted 5%, the sale price
must be 100% – 5% = 95% of the original price. Remember that 95% is
represented by the area not shaded.
Sale price = 95% of $399.99
= 0.95 × $399.99
= $379.9905 (round to the nearest penny)
≈ $379.99

1. Method 1:
Find the dollar markup first.
markup = 75% of $9.00
= 0.75 × $9.00
= $6.75
Then find the selling price.

= $9.00 + $6.75
= $15.75
Method 2:
Find the selling price first. The wholesale price was increased 75%. So the
selling price is 100% + 75% = 175% of the wholesale price. This time the
wholesale price = 100%.
selling price = 175% of $9.00

= 1.75 × $9.00
= $15.75
Then find the dollar markup

markup = selling price – wholesale price
= $15.75 – $9.00
= $ 6.75
2. Method 1:
Calculate the amount of each tax. Then, add this to the slow cooker price.
7% sales tax on $17.99 = 7% of $17.99
= 0.07 × $17.99
= $1.2593
= $1.26
5% sales tax on $17.99 = 5% of $17.99

= 0.05 × $17.99
= $0.8995
= $0.90
Total tax = $1.26 + $0.90 = $2.16

Total cost of purchase = $17.99 + $2.16 = $20.15

Method 2
You pay 100% of the slow cooker price, plus 12% of this price in taxes.
The total price, including taxes, is 100% + 12% = 112%.
Total price = 112% of $17.99
= 1.12 × $17.99
= $20.1488
≈ $20.15
Tax paid = Total Price – Price before taxes

= $20.15 – $17.99
= $2.16
1. a. original price = sale price + discount

= $29.99 + $30.00
= $59.99
b. Let the percent discount be x.

Method 1:

=
Original Price 100
30 x
=
59.99 100
100(30 )
=x
59.99
x = 50.00833472...
x = 50.0
The discount is approximately 50.0%. This makes sense because $59.99
is just one cent less than $60. Also, 50% of $60.00 is $30.00.
Method 2:
Divide the dollar discount by the original price. Then convert to a
percent.


=
Move the decimal point

= 0.5000833472 two places to the right.
= 50.00833472...%
≈ 50.0%
2. a. original price = sale price + discount

= $119.96 + $30.00
= $149.96
b. Let the percent discount be x.

Method 1:

=
Original Price 100
30 x
=
149.96 100
100(30 )
=x
149.96
x = 20.00533476...
x = 20.0
Method 2:
Divide the dollar discount by the original price. Then convert to a percent.

=
= 0.2000533476... Move the decimal point

three places to the right.
= 20%

3. a. dollar markup = selling price – wholesale price

= $69.99 – $40.00
= $29.99
b. Method 1:
Set up a proportion. Let the percent markup be x.
Dollar Markup Percent Markup

=
Wholesale Price 100
29.99 x
=
40 100
100(29.99 )
=x
40
x = 74.975
x = 75.0
The markup is approximately 75.0%.
Method 2:
Divide the dollar markup by the wholesale price. Then convert to a
percent.
Dollar Markup 29.99

=
Wholesale Price 40
= 0.74975 Move the decimal point

= 74.975% two places to the right.
= 75%
The markup is approximately 75.0%.

Lesson B: Activity 6: Mastering Concepts

a. wholesale price = $40.00; markup = 60%
dollar markup = 60% of $40.00
= 0.60 × $40.00
= $24.00

= $40.00 + $24.00
= $64.00
discount = 25%

= 0.25 × $64.00
= $16.00
discounted price = regular price – discount

= $64.00 – $16.00
= $48.00
b. First calculate a 25% discount of the wholesale price.

= 0.25 × $40.00
= $10.00
discounted price = $40.00 – $10.00

= $30.00
Now, mark up the discounted price by 60%.
dollar markup = 60% of $30.00

= 0.60 × $30.00
= $18.00
final price = $30.00 + $18.00

= $48.00

Lesson C: Currency Exchange

Lesson C: Activity 1: Self Check
1. Set up a proportion.
squares 4
=
circles 9
x 4
=
180 9
(180 )4
x=
9
x = 80
There would be 80 squares.
2. You could use either method for this problem.

Method from Example 1:
1 hockey player = 16 fans,
So 2 players = 16 × 2 fans,
And 3 players = 16 × 3 fans.
Continuing this pattern, 12 players = 16 × 12 = 192 fans.
Method from Example 2:
players 1
=
fans 16
12 1
=
x 16
12(16 ) = 1x
192 = x
Either method has the same result. 192 fans in the stands, cheering for
12 hockey players.

Lesson C: Activity 2: Self Check
1. Answers will vary. If you are having trouble with your search, try food
items, such as the price of a litre of milk or a kilogram of bananas.
2. Unless you know how much an item would cost in one common currency,
such as the Canadian dollar, it is impossible to decide which price is the
lowest or which price is the highest.
Lesson C: Activity 3: Try This
1. Answers will vary, based on the date that the information is looked up.
2. The prices in Canadian dollars will change, because exchange rates change
over time.
Lesson C: Activity 4: Self-Check
1. a. The peso is the currency used in Mexico. From the table use the
following information.
Currency Unit Units per 1.00 CAD Number of CAD per Unit
MXN Mexico Pesos 12.218 467 4816 0.081 843 3246
What this means, is that one Canadian dollar buys you approximately
12.22 pesos.
For this problem, we are trying to convert from the new currency to
Canadian dollars. So for this problem, you would use the last column.
The last column tells you that:
One Mexican Peso costs approximately $0.08 Canadian.

Janice can estimate the cost of the silver bracelet, by using the
approximation.
1 MXN ≈ 0.08 CAD
2 MXN ≈ 0.08 CAD × 2
3 MXN ≈ 0.08 CAD × 3
So, 800 MXN ≈ 0.08 CAD × 800 = 64 CAD.

b. To convert the 800 Mexican pesos to Canadian dollars, use the value given
in the last column of the table. Use, 1 MXN = 0.081 843 3246 CAD.
800 MXN = 0.081 843 3246 CAD × 800
= 65.474 659 68 CAD
≈ 65.47 CAD
2. To convert the 65 USD to Canadian dollars, use the value given in the last
column of the table.
Use, 1 USD = 1.061 681 4546 CAD
65 USD = 1.061 681 4546 CAD × 65

= 69.009 294 55 CAD
≈ 69.01 CAD
3. To convert the $12 450 Canadian to US dollars, use the value given in the
“Units per 1.00 CAD” column.
This column tells you that 1 CAD = 0.941 902 1079 USD.
1 CAD = 0.941 902 1079 USD

2 CAD = 0.941 902 1079 USD × 2
3 CAD = 0.941 902 1079 USD × 2
So,
12 450 CAD = 0.941 902 1079 USD × 12 450
= 11 726.681 24 USD
≈ 11 726.68 USD
$12 450 Canadian is worth $11 726.68 US.
4. There are 10 decimal places in the tables to determine what the conversion
would be for a large amount of money.

Canadian dollar 1 CAD
=
Nuevos Soles 2.5189 PEN
In this example, you are told that Victor spent 450 Nuevo Soles, and you
are asked to find what this would be in Canadian dollars. Replace “Nuevo
Soles” with the 450 and put “x” in for “Canadian dollar”.
x 1
=
450 2.5189
( 450 )1
x=
2.5189
x = 178.6494105...
x = 178.65
On March 20, 2009, Victor spent 178.65 CAD.
=
Australian dollar 1.0632 AUD
In this example, you are told that the Cardinal family was charged
150.00 AUD, and you are asked to find what this would be in Canadian
dollars. Replace “Australian dollars” with the 150 and put “x” in for
“Canadian dollar”.
x 1
=
150 1.0632
(150 )1
x=
1.0632
x = 141.0835214...
x = 141.08
The cost of the room was 141.08 CAD.

1. The table tells you that the bank will buy 1 Euro from you for $1.412
Canadian.
1 EUR = 1.412 CAD
350.12 EUR= 1.412 × 350.12 CAD
350.12 EUR = 494.369 44 CAD
350.12 EUR ≈ 494.37 CAD
The bank would give her 494.37 Canadian dollars.
2. The table tells you that the bank will sell you 1 Swedish kronas for $0.1532
Canadian.
Swedish kronas 1 SEK

=
Canadian dollar 0.1532 CAD
x 1
=
0 0.1532
500
(500 )1
x=
0.1532
x = 3263.707572
x ≈ 3263.71
Wilma receives 3263.71 SEK.
3. The table tells you that the bank will buy 1 Scottish pound from you for
$1.6285 Canadian.
1 GBP = 1.6285 CAD
2 GBP = 1.6285 CAD × 2
So, 50 GBP = 1.6285 CAD × 50 = 81.425 CAD ≈ 81.43 CAD

Quincy receives 81.43 CAD for his cheque.

Lesson C: Activity 7: Mastering Concepts


=
Euro 0.6678 EUR
x 1
=
1 0.6678
(1)1
x=
0.6678
x = 1.497454432..
One euro is worth approximately 1.50 CAD. Keep the exact answer from the
proportion in your calculator and use it in the following proportion.

=
Australian dollar 1.0692 AUD
1.497454432... 1 CAD
=
x 1.0692 AUD
(1.497454432...)1.0692
=x
1
x = 1.60107816..
x ≈ 1.60
One Euro is equal to 1.60 AUD.

Making Purchases—Appendix —Data Pages
TABLE Data
OF CPages
ONVERSIONS
1 inch 2.54 centimetres

1 foot 30.5 centimetres
1 foot 0.305 metres
1 foot = 12 inches
1 yard = 3 feet
1 yard 0.915 metres
1 mile = 1760 yards
1 mile 1.6 kilometres
1 kilogram 2.2 pounds
1 litre 1.06 US quarts
1 litre 0.26 US gallons
1 gallon 4 quarts
6
1 British gallon US gallon
5
FORMULAE
Temperature
5
C= ( F 32 )
9
Trigonometry
(Put your calculator in Degree Mode)
• Right triangles
Pythagorean Theorem
a2 + b2 = c2
opposite
sin A = B
hypotenuse
adjacent c
cos A = a
hypotenuse
A
opposite C b
tan A =
adjacent

GEOMETRIC FORMULAE
cm
Key Legend
1
l = length P = perimeter
2
w = width C = circumference
b = base A = area
3
h = height SA = surface area

s = slant height V = volume
4
r = radius
5
d = diameter
6
Geometric Figure Perimeter Area

7
Rectangle P = 2l + 2w
8
or A = lw
9
P = 2 (l + w )
10
Triangle
bh
11
P = a+b+c A=
2
12
Circle
C = d
13
or A = r 2
14
C = 2r
15
Note: Use the value of programmed in your calculator rather

16
than the approximation of 3.14.

17
18
19
20

Geometric Figure Surface Area
Inches
Cylinder
Atop = r 2
r
• Abase = r 2
h
1
Aside = 2rh
SA = 2r 2 + 2rh
Sphere
SA = 4r 2
2
r or
•
SA = d 2
3
Cone
Aside = rs
s Abase = r 2
h
SA = r 2 + rs
4
r
Square-Based Pyramid 1
Atriangle = bs ( for each triangle )
2
s Abase = b 2
5
h
SA = 2bs + b 2
b b
Rectangular Prism SA = wh + wh + lw + lw + lh + lh
6
or
h w
l SA = 2 ( wh + lw + lh )
General Right Prism SA = the sum of the areas of

all the faces
7
General Pyramid SA = the sum of the areas of

all the faces
8
Note: Use the value of programmed in your calculator rather

than the approximation of 3.14.

pprenticeship and Workplace Mathematics 10 Data Page 3
Canada Pension Plan Contributions Cotisations au Régime de pensions du Canada
Weekly (52 pay periods a year) Hebdomadaire (52 périodes de paie par année)
Pay Pay Pay Pay
Rémunération CPP Rémunération CPP Rémunération CPP Rémunération CPP
RPC RPC RPC RPC
From - De To - À From - De To - À From - De To - À From - De To - À
358.11 - 358.31 14.40 372.66 - 372.85 15.12 387.20 - 387.40 15.84 401.75 - 401.94 16.56
358.32 - 358.51 14.41 372.86 - 373.05 15.13 387.41 - 387.60 15.85 401.95 - 402.14 16.57
358.52 - 358.71 14.42 373.06 - 373.25 15.14 387.61 - 387.80 15.86 402.15 - 402.35 16.58
358.72 - 358.91 14.43 373.26 - 373.46 15.15 387.81 - 388.00 15.87 402.36 - 402.55 16.59
358.92 - 359.11 14.44 373.47 - 373.66 15.16 388.01 - 388.20 15.88 402.56 - 402.75 16.60
359.12 - 359.32 14.45 373.67 - 373.86 15.17 388.21 - 388.41 15.89 402.76 - 402.95 16.61
359.33 - 359.52 14.46 373.87 - 374.06 15.18 388.42 - 388.61 15.90 402.96 - 403.15 16.62
359.53 - 359.72 14.47 374.07 - 374.26 15.19 388.62 - 388.81 15.91 403.16 - 403.36 16.63
359.73 - 359.92 14.48 374.27 - 374.47 15.20 388.82 - 389.01 15.92 403.37 - 403.56 16.64
359.93 - 360.12 14.49 374.48 - 374.67 15.21 389.02 - 389.21 15.93 403.57 - 403.76 16.65
360.13 - 360.33 14.50 374.68 - 374.87 15.22 389.22 - 389.42 15.94 403.77 - 403.96 16.66
360.34 - 360.53 14.51 374.88 - 375.07 15.23 389.43 - 389.62 15.95 403.97 - 404.16 16.67
360.54 - 360.73 14.52 375.08 - 375.27 15.24 389.63 - 389.82 15.96 404.17 - 404.37 16.68
360.74 - 360.93 14.53 375.28 - 375.48 15.25 389.83 - 390.02 15.97 404.38 - 404.57 16.69
360.94 - 361.13 14.54 375.49 - 375.68 15.26 390.03 - 390.22 15.98 404.58 - 404.77 16.70
361.14 - 361.34 14.55 375.69 - 375.88 15.27 390.23 - 390.43 15.99 404.78 - 404.97 16.71
361.35 - 361.54 14.56 375.89 - 376.08 15.28 390.44 - 390.63 16.00 404.98 - 405.17 16.72
361.55 - 361.74 14.57 376.09 - 376.28 15.29 390.64 - 390.83 16.01 405.18 - 405.38 16.73
361.75 - 361.94 14.58 376.29 - 376.49 15.30 390.84 - 391.03 16.02 405.39 - 405.58 16.74
361.95 - 362.14 14.59 376.50 - 376.69 15.31 391.04 - 391.23 16.03 405.59 - 405.78 16.75
362.15 - 362.35 14.60 376.70 - 376.89 15.32 391.24 - 391.44 16.04 405.79 - 405.98 16.76
362.36 - 362.55 14.61 376.90 - 377.09 15.33 391.45 - 391.64 16.05 405.99 - 406.18 16.77
362.56 - 362.75 14.62 377.10 - 377.29 15.34 391.65 - 391.84 16.06 406.19 - 406.39 16.78
362.76 - 362.95 14.63 377.30 - 377.50 15.35 391.85 - 392.04 16.07 406.40 - 406.59 16.79
362.96 - 363.15 14.64 377.51 - 377.70 15.36 392.05 - 392.24 16.08 406.60 - 406.79 16.80
363.16 - 363.36 14.65 377.71 - 377.90 15.37 392.25 - 392.45 16.09 406.80 - 406.99 16.81
363.37 - 363.56 14.66 377.91 - 378.10 15.38 392.46 - 392.65 16.10 407.00 - 407.19 16.82
363.57 - 363.76 14.67 378.11 - 378.31 15.39 392.66 - 392.85 16.11 407.20 - 407.40 16.83
363.77 - 363.96 14.68 378.32 - 378.51 15.40 392.86 - 393.05 16.12 407.41 - 407.60 16.84
363.97 - 364.16 14.69 378.52 - 378.71 15.41 393.06 - 393.25 16.13 407.61 - 407.80 16.85
364.17 - 364.37 14.70 378.72 - 378.91 15.42 393.26 - 393.46 16.14 407.81 - 408.00 16.86
364.38 - 364.57 14.71 378.92 - 379.11 15.43 393.47 - 393.66 16.15 408.01 - 408.20 16.87
364.58 - 364.77 14.72 379.12 - 379.32 15.44 393.67 - 393.86 16.16 408.21 - 408.41 16.88
364.78 - 364.97 14.73 379.33 - 379.52 15.45 393.87 - 394.06 16.17 408.42 - 408.61 16.89
364.98 - 365.17 14.74 379.53 - 379.72 15.46 394.07 - 394.26 16.18 408.62 - 408.81 16.90
365.18 - 365.38 14.75 379.73 - 379.92 15.47 394.27 - 394.47 16.19 408.82 - 409.01 16.91
365.39 - 365.58 14.76 379.93 - 380.12 15.48 394.48 - 394.67 16.20 409.02 - 409.21 16.92
365.59 - 365.78 14.77 380.13 - 380.33 15.49 394.68 - 394.87 16.21 409.22 - 409.42 16.93
365.79 - 365.98 14.78 380.34 - 380.53 15.50 394.88 - 395.07 16.22 409.43 - 409.62 16.94
365.99 - 366.18 14.79 380.54 - 380.73 15.51 395.08 - 395.27 16.23 409.63 - 409.82 16.95
366.19 - 366.39 14.80 380.74 - 380.93 15.52 395.28 - 395.48 16.24 409.83 - 410.02 16.96
366.40 - 366.59 14.81 380.94 - 381.13 15.53 395.49 - 395.68 16.25 410.03 - 410.22 16.97
366.60 - 366.79 14.82 381.14 - 381.34 15.54 395.69 - 395.88 16.26 410.23 - 410.43 16.98
366.80 - 366.99 14.83 381.35 - 381.54 15.55 395.89 - 396.08 16.27 410.44 - 410.63 16.99
367.00 - 367.19 14.84 381.55 - 381.74 15.56 396.09 - 396.28 16.28 410.64 - 410.83 17.00
367.20 - 367.40 14.85 381.75 - 381.94 15.57 396.29 - 396.49 16.29 410.84 - 411.03 17.01
367.41 - 367.60 14.86 381.95 - 382.14 15.58 396.50 - 396.69 16.30 411.04 - 411.23 17.02
367.61 - 367.80 14.87 382.15 - 382.35 15.59 396.70 - 396.89 16.31 411.24 - 411.44 17.03
367.81 - 368.00 14.88 382.36 - 382.55 15.60 396.90 - 397.09 16.32 411.45 - 411.64 17.04
368.01 - 368.20 14.89 382.56 - 382.75 15.61 397.10 - 397.29 16.33 411.65 - 411.84 17.05
368.21 - 368.41 14.90 382.76 - 382.95 15.62 397.30 - 397.50 16.34 411.85 - 412.04 17.06
368.42 - 368.61 14.91 382.96 - 383.15 15.63 397.51 - 397.70 16.35 412.05 - 412.24 17.07
368.62 - 368.81 14.92 383.16 - 383.36 15.64 397.71 - 397.90 16.36 412.25 - 412.45 17.08
368.82 - 369.01 14.93 383.37 - 383.56 15.65 397.91 - 398.10 16.37 412.46 - 412.65 17.09
369.02 - 369.21 14.94 383.57 - 383.76 15.66 398.11 - 398.31 16.38 412.66 - 412.85 17.10
369.22 - 369.42 14.95 383.77 - 383.96 15.67 398.32 - 398.51 16.39 412.86 - 413.05 17.11
369.43 - 369.62 14.96 383.97 - 384.16 15.68 398.52 - 398.71 16.40 413.06 - 413.25 17.12
369.63 - 369.82 14.97 384.17 - 384.37 15.69 398.72 - 398.91 16.41 413.26 - 413.46 17.13
369.83 - 370.02 14.98 384.38 - 384.57 15.70 398.92 - 399.11 16.42 413.47 - 413.66 17.14
370.03 - 370.22 14.99 384.58 - 384.77 15.71 399.12 - 399.32 16.43 413.67 - 413.86 17.15
370.23 - 370.43 15.00 384.78 - 384.97 15.72 399.33 - 399.52 16.44 413.87 - 414.06 17.16
370.44 - 370.63 15.01 384.98 - 385.17 15.73 399.53 - 399.72 16.45 414.07 - 414.26 17.17
370.64 - 370.83 15.02 385.18 - 385.38 15.74 399.73 - 399.92 16.46 414.27 - 414.47 17.18
370.84 - 371.03 15.03 385.39 - 385.58 15.75 399.93 - 400.12 16.47 414.48 - 414.67 17.19
371.04 - 371.23 15.04 385.59 - 385.78 15.76 400.13 - 400.33 16.48 414.68 - 414.87 17.20
371.24 - 371.44 15.05 385.79 - 385.98 15.77 400.34 - 400.53 16.49 414.88 - 415.07 17.21
371.45 - 371.64 15.06 385.99 - 386.18 15.78 400.54 - 400.73 16.50 415.08 - 415.27 17.22
371.65 - 371.84 15.07 386.19 - 386.39 15.79 400.74 - 400.93 16.51 415.28 - 415.48 17.23
371.85 - 372.04 15.08 386.40 - 386.59 15.80 400.94 - 401.13 16.52 415.49 - 415.68 17.24
372.05 - 372.24 15.09 386.60 - 386.79 15.81 401.14 - 401.34 16.53 415.69 - 415.88 17.25
372.25 - 372.45 15.10 386.80 - 386.99 15.82 401.35 - 401.54 16.54 415.89 - 416.08 17.26
372.46 - 372.65 15.11 387.00 - 387.19 15.83 401.55 - 401.74 16.55 416.09 - 416.28 17.27
Employee's maximum CPP contribution for the year 2009 is $2,118.60 B-6 La cotisation maximale de l'employé au RPC pour l'année 2009 est de 2 118,60 $
Data Page 4 Apprenticeship and Workplace Mathematics 10

Employment Insurance Premiums Cotisations à l'assurance-emploi

Insurable Earnings EI Insurable Earnings EI Insurable Earnings EI Insurable Earnings EI
Rémunération assurable premium Rémunération assurable premium Rémunération assurable premium Rémunération assurable premium
Cotisation Cotisation Cotisation Cotisation
From - De To - À d'AE From - De To - À d'AE From - De To - À d'AE From - De To - À d'AE
333.24 - 333.81 5.77 374.86 - 375.43 6.49 416.48 - 417.05 7.21 458.10 - 458.67 7.93
333.82 - 334.39 5.78 375.44 - 376.01 6.50 417.06 - 417.63 7.22 458.68 - 459.24 7.94
334.40 - 334.97 5.79 376.02 - 376.58 6.51 417.64 - 418.20 7.23 459.25 - 459.82 7.95
334.98 - 335.54 5.80 376.59 - 377.16 6.52 418.21 - 418.78 7.24 459.83 - 460.40 7.96
335.55 - 336.12 5.81 377.17 - 377.74 6.53 418.79 - 419.36 7.25 460.41 - 460.98 7.97
336.13 - 336.70 5.82 377.75 - 378.32 6.54 419.37 - 419.94 7.26 460.99 - 461.56 7.98
336.71 - 337.28 5.83 378.33 - 378.90 6.55 419.95 - 420.52 7.27 461.57 - 462.13 7.99
337.29 - 337.86 5.84 378.91 - 379.47 6.56 420.53 - 421.09 7.28 462.14 - 462.71 8.00
337.87 - 338.43 5.85 379.48 - 380.05 6.57 421.10 - 421.67 7.29 462.72 - 463.29 8.01
338.44 - 339.01 5.86 380.06 - 380.63 6.58 421.68 - 422.25 7.30 463.30 - 463.87 8.02
339.02 - 339.59 5.87 380.64 - 381.21 6.59 422.26 - 422.83 7.31 463.88 - 464.45 8.03
339.60 - 340.17 5.88 381.22 - 381.79 6.60 422.84 - 423.41 7.32 464.46 - 465.02 8.04
340.18 - 340.75 5.89 381.80 - 382.36 6.61 423.42 - 423.98 7.33 465.03 - 465.60 8.05
340.76 - 341.32 5.90 382.37 - 382.94 6.62 423.99 - 424.56 7.34 465.61 - 466.18 8.06
341.33 - 341.90 5.91 382.95 - 383.52 6.63 424.57 - 425.14 7.35 466.19 - 466.76 8.07
341.91 - 342.48 5.92 383.53 - 384.10 6.64 425.15 - 425.72 7.36 466.77 - 467.34 8.08
342.49 - 343.06 5.93 384.11 - 384.68 6.65 425.73 - 426.30 7.37 467.35 - 467.91 8.09
343.07 - 343.64 5.94 384.69 - 385.26 6.66 426.31 - 426.87 7.38 467.92 - 468.49 8.10
343.65 - 344.21 5.95 385.27 - 385.83 6.67 426.88 - 427.45 7.39 468.50 - 469.07 8.11
344.22 - 344.79 5.96 385.84 - 386.41 6.68 427.46 - 428.03 7.40 469.08 - 469.65 8.12
344.80 - 345.37 5.97 386.42 - 386.99 6.69 428.04 - 428.61 7.41 469.66 - 470.23 8.13
345.38 - 345.95 5.98 387.00 - 387.57 6.70 428.62 - 429.19 7.42 470.24 - 470.80 8.14
345.96 - 346.53 5.99 387.58 - 388.15 6.71 429.20 - 429.76 7.43 470.81 - 471.38 8.15
346.54 - 347.10 6.00 388.16 - 388.72 6.72 429.77 - 430.34 7.44 471.39 - 471.96 8.16
347.11 - 347.68 6.01 388.73 - 389.30 6.73 430.35 - 430.92 7.45 471.97 - 472.54 8.17
347.69 - 348.26 6.02 389.31 - 389.88 6.74 430.93 - 431.50 7.46 472.55 - 473.12 8.18
348.27 - 348.84 6.03 389.89 - 390.46 6.75 431.51 - 432.08 7.47 473.13 - 473.69 8.19
348.85 - 349.42 6.04 390.47 - 391.04 6.76 432.09 - 432.65 7.48 473.70 - 474.27 8.20
349.43 - 349.99 6.05 391.05 - 391.61 6.77 432.66 - 433.23 7.49 474.28 - 474.85 8.21
350.00 - 350.57 6.06 391.62 - 392.19 6.78 433.24 - 433.81 7.50 474.86 - 475.43 8.22
350.58 - 351.15 6.07 392.20 - 392.77 6.79 433.82 - 434.39 7.51 475.44 - 476.01 8.23
351.16 - 351.73 6.08 392.78 - 393.35 6.80 434.40 - 434.97 7.52 476.02 - 476.58 8.24
351.74 - 352.31 6.09 393.36 - 393.93 6.81 434.98 - 435.54 7.53 476.59 - 477.16 8.25
352.32 - 352.89 6.10 393.94 - 394.50 6.82 435.55 - 436.12 7.54 477.17 - 477.74 8.26
352.90 - 353.46 6.11 394.51 - 395.08 6.83 436.13 - 436.70 7.55 477.75 - 478.32 8.27
353.47 - 354.04 6.12 395.09 - 395.66 6.84 436.71 - 437.28 7.56 478.33 - 478.90 8.28
354.05 - 354.62 6.13 395.67 - 396.24 6.85 437.29 - 437.86 7.57 478.91 - 479.47 8.29
354.63 - 355.20 6.14 396.25 - 396.82 6.86 437.87 - 438.43 7.58 479.48 - 480.05 8.30
355.21 - 355.78 6.15 396.83 - 397.39 6.87 438.44 - 439.01 7.59 480.06 - 480.63 8.31
355.79 - 356.35 6.16 397.40 - 397.97 6.88 439.02 - 439.59 7.60 480.64 - 481.21 8.32
356.36 - 356.93 6.17 397.98 - 398.55 6.89 439.60 - 440.17 7.61 481.22 - 481.79 8.33
356.94 - 357.51 6.18 398.56 - 399.13 6.90 440.18 - 440.75 7.62 481.80 - 482.36 8.34
357.52 - 358.09 6.19 399.14 - 399.71 6.91 440.76 - 441.32 7.63 482.37 - 482.94 8.35
358.10 - 358.67 6.20 399.72 - 400.28 6.92 441.33 - 441.90 7.64 482.95 - 483.52 8.36
358.68 - 359.24 6.21 400.29 - 400.86 6.93 441.91 - 442.48 7.65 483.53 - 484.10 8.37
359.25 - 359.82 6.22 400.87 - 401.44 6.94 442.49 - 443.06 7.66 484.11 - 484.68 8.38
359.83 - 360.40 6.23 401.45 - 402.02 6.95 443.07 - 443.64 7.67 484.69 - 485.26 8.39
360.41 - 360.98 6.24 402.03 - 402.60 6.96 443.65 - 444.21 7.68 485.27 - 485.83 8.40
360.99 - 361.56 6.25 402.61 - 403.17 6.97 444.22 - 444.79 7.69 485.84 - 486.41 8.41
361.57 - 362.13 6.26 403.18 - 403.75 6.98 444.80 - 445.37 7.70 486.42 - 486.99 8.42
362.14 - 362.71 6.27 403.76 - 404.33 6.99 445.38 - 445.95 7.71 487.00 - 487.57 8.43
362.72 - 363.29 6.28 404.34 - 404.91 7.00 445.96 - 446.53 7.72 487.58 - 488.15 8.44
363.30 - 363.87 6.29 404.92 - 405.49 7.01 446.54 - 447.10 7.73 488.16 - 488.72 8.45
363.88 - 364.45 6.30 405.50 - 406.06 7.02 447.11 - 447.68 7.74 488.73 - 489.30 8.46
364.46 - 365.02 6.31 406.07 - 406.64 7.03 447.69 - 448.26 7.75 489.31 - 489.88 8.47
365.03 - 365.60 6.32 406.65 - 407.22 7.04 448.27 - 448.84 7.76 489.89 - 490.46 8.48
365.61 - 366.18 6.33 407.23 - 407.80 7.05 448.85 - 449.42 7.77 490.47 - 491.04 8.49
366.19 - 366.76 6.34 407.81 - 408.38 7.06 449.43 - 449.99 7.78 491.05 - 491.61 8.50
366.77 - 367.34 6.35 408.39 - 408.95 7.07 450.00 - 450.57 7.79 491.62 - 492.19 8.51
367.35 - 367.91 6.36 408.96 - 409.53 7.08 450.58 - 451.15 7.80 492.20 - 492.77 8.52
367.92 - 368.49 6.37 409.54 - 410.11 7.09 451.16 - 451.73 7.81 492.78 - 493.35 8.53
368.50 - 369.07 6.38 410.12 - 410.69 7.10 451.74 - 452.31 7.82 493.36 - 493.93 8.54
369.08 - 369.65 6.39 410.70 - 411.27 7.11 452.32 - 452.89 7.83 493.94 - 494.50 8.55
369.66 - 370.23 6.40 411.28 - 411.84 7.12 452.90 - 453.46 7.84 494.51 - 495.08 8.56
370.24 - 370.80 6.41 411.85 - 412.42 7.13 453.47 - 454.04 7.85 495.09 - 495.66 8.57
370.81 - 371.38 6.42 412.43 - 413.00 7.14 454.05 - 454.62 7.86 495.67 - 496.24 8.58
371.39 - 371.96 6.43 413.01 - 413.58 7.15 454.63 - 455.20 7.87 496.25 - 496.82 8.59
371.97 - 372.54 6.44 413.59 - 414.16 7.16 455.21 - 455.78 7.88 496.83 - 497.39 8.60
372.55 - 373.12 6.45 414.17 - 414.73 7.17 455.79 - 456.35 7.89 497.40 - 497.97 8.61
373.13 - 373.69 6.46 414.74 - 415.31 7.18 456.36 - 456.93 7.90 497.98 - 498.55 8.62
373.70 - 374.27 6.47 415.32 - 415.89 7.19 456.94 - 457.51 7.91 498.56 - 499.13 8.63
374.28 - 374.85 6.48 415.90 - 416.47 7.20 457.52 - 458.09 7.92 499.14 - 499.71 8.64
Yearly maximum insurable earnings are $42,300 Le maximum annuel de la rémunération assurable est de 42 300 $
Yearly maximum employee premiums are $731.79 La cotisation maximale annuelle de l'employé est de 731,79 $
The premium rate for 2009 is 1.73 % Le taux de cotisation pour 2009 est de 1,73 %
C-3

Apprenticeship and Workplace Mathematics 10 Data Page 5
Federal tax deductions Retenues d'impôt fédéral

Effective January 1, 2009 En vigueur le 1er janvier 2009
Also look up the tax deductions Cherchez aussi les retenues d'impôt
in the provincial table dans la table provinciale
Pay Federal claim codes/Codes de demande fédéraux
Rémunération 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
From Less than Deduct from each pay

De Moins de Retenez sur chaque paie
335 - 339 44.65 15.55 12.70 7.00 1.30

339 - 343 45.20 16.10 13.25 7.55 1.85
343 - 347 45.80 16.65 13.80 8.10 2.45
347 - 351 46.35 17.20 14.35 8.65 3.00
351 - 355 46.90 17.75 14.90 9.25 3.55
355 - 359 47.45 18.35 15.50 9.80 4.10
359 - 363 48.00 18.90 16.05 10.35 4.65
363 - 367 48.60 19.45 16.60 10.90 5.25
367 - 371 49.15 20.00 17.15 11.45 5.80 .10
371 - 375 49.70 20.55 17.70 12.05 6.35 .65
375 - 379 50.25 21.15 18.30 12.60 6.90 1.20
379 - 383 50.80 21.70 18.85 13.15 7.45 1.80
383 - 387 51.40 22.25 19.40 13.70 8.00 2.35
387 - 391 51.95 22.80 19.95 14.25 8.60 2.90
391 - 395 52.50 23.35 20.50 14.85 9.15 3.45
395 - 399 53.05 23.95 21.10 15.40 9.70 4.00
399 - 403 53.60 24.50 21.65 15.95 10.25 4.60
403 - 407 54.20 25.05 22.20 16.50 10.80 5.15
407 - 411 54.75 25.60 22.75 17.05 11.40 5.70
411 - 415 55.30 26.15 23.30 17.65 11.95 6.25 .55
415 - 419 55.85 26.75 23.90 18.20 12.50 6.80 1.15
419 - 423 56.40 27.30 24.45 18.75 13.05 7.40 1.70
423 - 427 57.00 27.85 25.00 19.30 13.60 7.95 2.25
427 - 431 57.55 28.40 25.55 19.85 14.20 8.50 2.80
431 - 435 58.10 28.95 26.10 20.45 14.75 9.05 3.35
435 - 439 58.65 29.50 26.70 21.00 15.30 9.60 3.95
439 - 443 59.20 30.10 27.25 21.55 15.85 10.20 4.50
443 - 447 59.80 30.65 27.80 22.10 16.40 10.75 5.05
447 - 451 60.35 31.20 28.35 22.65 17.00 11.30 5.60
451 - 455 60.90 31.75 28.90 23.25 17.55 11.85 6.15 .50
455 - 459 61.45 32.30 29.50 23.80 18.10 12.40 6.75 1.05
459 - 463 62.00 32.90 30.05 24.35 18.65 12.95 7.30 1.60
463 - 467 62.60 33.45 30.60 24.90 19.20 13.55 7.85 2.15
467 - 471 63.15 34.00 31.15 25.45 19.80 14.10 8.40 2.70
471 - 475 63.70 34.55 31.70 26.05 20.35 14.65 8.95 3.30
475 - 479 64.25 35.10 32.30 26.60 20.90 15.20 9.55 3.85
479 - 483 64.80 35.70 32.85 27.15 21.45 15.75 10.10 4.40
483 - 487 65.40 36.25 33.40 27.70 22.00 16.35 10.65 4.95
487 - 491 65.95 36.80 33.95 28.25 22.60 16.90 11.20 5.50
491 - 495 66.50 37.35 34.50 28.85 23.15 17.45 11.75 6.10 .40
495 - 499 67.05 37.90 35.10 29.40 23.70 18.00 12.35 6.65 .95
499 - 503 67.60 38.50 35.65 29.95 24.25 18.55 12.90 7.20 1.50
503 - 507 68.20 39.05 36.20 30.50 24.80 19.15 13.45 7.75 2.05
507 - 511 68.75 39.60 36.75 31.05 25.40 19.70 14.00 8.30 2.65
511 - 515 69.30 40.15 37.30 31.65 25.95 20.25 14.55 8.90 3.20
515 - 519 69.85 40.70 37.90 32.20 26.50 20.80 15.15 9.45 3.75
519 - 523 70.40 41.30 38.45 32.75 27.05 21.35 15.70 10.00 4.30
523 - 527 71.00 41.85 39.00 33.30 27.60 21.95 16.25 10.55 4.85
527 - 531 71.55 42.40 39.55 33.85 28.20 22.50 16.80 11.10 5.45
531 - 535 72.10 42.95 40.10 34.45 28.75 23.05 17.35 11.70 6.00 .30
535 - 539 72.65 43.50 40.70 35.00 29.30 23.60 17.90 12.25 6.55 .85
539 - 543 73.20 44.10 41.25 35.55 29.85 24.15 18.50 12.80 7.10 1.40
543 - 547 73.80 44.65 41.80 36.10 30.40 24.75 19.05 13.35 7.65 2.00
547 - 551 74.35 45.20 42.35 36.65 31.00 25.30 19.60 13.90 8.25 2.55
551 - 555 74.90 45.75 42.90 37.25 31.55 25.85 20.15 14.50 8.80 3.10
This table is available on TOD D-2 Vous pouvez obtenir cette table sur TSD

Data Page 6 Apprenticeship and Workplace Mathematics 10
British Columbia provincial tax deductions Retenues d'impôt provincial de la Colombie-Britannique

Effective January 1, 2009 En vigueur le 1er janvier 2009
Also look up the tax deductions Cherchez aussi les retenues d'impôt
in the federal table dans la table fédérale
Pay Provincial claim codes/Codes de demande provinciaux
Rémunération 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
From Less than Deduct from each pay

De Moins de Retenez sur chaque paie
343 * .00 *You normally use claim code ''0'' only for
non-resident employees. However, if you
343 - 345 9.30 .20
have non-resident employees who earn less
345 - 347 9.45 .35 than the minimum amount shown in the ''Pay''
347 - 349 9.60 .50 column, you may not be able to use these
tables. Instead, refer to the ''Step-by-step
349 - 351 9.80 .65 calculation of tax deductions'' in Section ''A''
351 - 353 9.95 .80 of this publication.
353 - 355 10.10 .95
*Le code de demande «0» est normalement
355 - 357 10.25 1.15 .10 utilisé seulement pour les non-résidents.
357 - 359 10.40 1.30 .25 Cependant, si la rémunération de votre
employé non résidant est inférieure au
359 - 361 10.55 1.45 .40
montant minimum indiqué dans la colonne
361 - 363 10.75 1.60 .60 «Rémunération», vous ne pourrez peut-être
363 - 365 10.90 1.75 .75 pas utiliser ces tables. Reportez-vous
alors au «Calcul des retenues d'impôt, étape
365 - 367 11.05 1.90 .90 par étape» dans la section «A» de
367 - 369 11.20 2.10 1.05 cette publication.
369 - 371 11.35 2.25 1.20
371 - 373 11.50 2.40 1.35
373 - 375 11.70 2.55 1.55
375 - 377 11.85 2.70 1.70
377 - 379 12.00 2.90 1.85
379 - 381 12.15 3.05 2.00
381 - 383 12.30 3.20 2.15 .10
383 - 385 12.45 3.35 2.30 .25
385 - 387 12.65 3.50 2.50 .45
387 - 389 12.80 3.65 2.65 .60
389 - 391 12.95 3.85 2.80 .75
391 - 393 13.10 4.00 2.95 .90
393 - 395 13.25 4.15 3.10 1.05
395 - 397 13.40 4.30 3.30 1.20
397 - 399 13.60 4.45 3.45 1.40
399 - 401 13.75 4.60 3.60 1.55
401 - 403 13.90 4.80 3.75 1.70
403 - 405 14.05 4.95 3.90 1.85
405 - 407 14.20 5.10 4.05 2.00
407 - 409 14.35 5.25 4.25 2.15 .10
409 - 411 14.55 5.40 4.40 2.35 .30
411 - 413 14.70 5.55 4.55 2.50 .45
413 - 415 14.85 5.75 4.70 2.65 .60
415 - 417 15.00 5.90 4.85 2.80 .75
417 - 419 15.15 6.05 5.00 2.95 .90
419 - 421 15.30 6.20 5.20 3.10 1.05
421 - 423 15.50 6.35 5.35 3.30 1.25
423 - 425 15.65 6.50 5.50 3.45 1.40
425 - 427 15.80 6.70 5.65 3.60 1.55
427 - 429 15.95 6.85 5.80 3.75 1.70
429 - 431 16.10 7.00 5.95 3.90 1.85
431 - 433 16.25 7.15 6.15 4.10 2.00
433 - 435 16.45 7.30 6.30 4.25 2.20 .15
435 - 437 16.60 7.45 6.45 4.40 2.35 .30
437 - 439 16.75 7.65 6.60 4.55 2.50 .45
439 - 441 16.90 7.80 6.75 4.70 2.65 .60
441 - 443 17.05 7.95 6.90 4.85 2.80 .75
443 - 445 17.20 8.10 7.10 5.05 2.95 .90
445 - 447 17.40 8.25 7.25 5.20 3.15 1.10
447 - 449 17.55 8.40 7.40 5.35 3.30 1.25
449 - 451 17.70 8.60 7.55 5.50 3.45 1.40
This table is available on TOD E-1 Vous pouvez obtenir cette table sur TSD

Apprenticeship and Workplace Mathematics 10 Data Page 7
Making Purchases—Appendix —Glossary
Glossary
acre (ac)
a unit of area in the imperial system
An acre is 22 yd wide by 220 yd long or 4840 yd2.
area
a measurement of how many square units into which a surface may be divided
For example, if your living room carpet can be divided into 10 square metres, its
area is 10 m2.
capacity
a measurement of how much a container can hold
Commonly, capacity refers to the amount of liquid that can be poured into a
container, but it can also be used to refer to an amount of solid that can be placed
into a container.
Celsius
a temperature scale commonly used in every major country throughout the world,
except the United States
compatible numbers
numbers that are easy to use in a mental computation, especially division
cubic foot (ft3)

a unit of volume in the imperial system
A cubic foot is the volume of a cube having an edge length of 1 ft.
cubic inch (in3)

A cubic inch is the volume of a cube having an edge length of 1 in.
cubic yard (yd3)

A cubic yard is the volume of a cube having an edge length of 1 yd.
foot
a unit of length in the imperial system equal to 12 in
A measure of one foot can be expressed as 1 ft or 1'.

gallon (gal)
a measure of capacity in the imperial system
A gallon is 4 qt in size.
hectare
the area of a square 100 m on a side. The symbol for one hectare is 1 ha.
inch
a unit of length in the imperial system
A measure of 1 inch can be written as 1 in or 1".
kilogram (kg)
the base unit of mass in the metric system
A kilogram is equal to the mass of a certain cylinder of platinum-iridium alloy kept
at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures in France.
litre (L)
the capacity of a container having a volume of 1000 cm3
Since 1 L = 1000 mL, 1 mL = 1 cm3.
long ton
a unit of weight (mass) in the imperial system
1 long ton = 2240 lb
mass
a measure of the quantity of matter in an object
metre
the base unit of length (or linear measure) in SI
mile (mi)
The mile is defined today as exactly 5280 ft.
ounce (oz)
There are 16 oz in 1lb.
1 lb = 16 oz

pint (pt)
A pint is roughly equal to 0.5 L.
pound (lb)
One pound is defined as exactly 0.453 592 37 kg.
prism
in geometry, a 3-D object that has two congruent and parallel faces (the top and
bottom bases) and lateral faces that are parallelograms
Such a 3-D object is also known as a rectangular box.
The following is a 3-D object known in geometry as a prism.
proportion
a statement showing one ratio equal to another
1 3
For example, = is a proportion statement.
12 36
quart(qt)
There are 2 pt in a quart.
A quart is approximately equal to 1 L.
short ton
a unit of weight (mass) in the imperial system (also called a ton)
1 short ton = 2000 lb
square foot (ft2)

A square foot is the area of a square 1ft on a side.
square inch (in2)

A square inch is the area of a square 1 in on a side.
square mile(mi2)
A square mile is the area of a square 1 mi on a side.

square yard (yd2)

A square yard is the area of a square 1yd on a side.
ton
a unit of weight (mass) in the imperial system (also called a short ton)
1 ton = 2000 lb
tonne (t)
in the metric system, a unit of mass equal to a 1000 kg
1 t = 1000 kg.
volume
a measurement of how many cubic units into which a object or space may be
divided
For example, if your living room is 5 m long by 3 m wide by 3 m high, its volume is
5 m × 3 m × 3 m = 45 m3.
weight
a measure of the force of gravity on an object
yard (yd)
One yard equals 3 ft or 0.9411 m.

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Version 01

All photographs identified by a copyright (©) symbol, including:

Module Tests: Barb Lajeunesse, Michael Finnigan (SD 34)

© OPEN SCHOOL BC APPRENTICESHIP AND WORKPLACE MATHEMATICS ETEXT | iii

Download Adobe Acrobat Reader:

• Try This activities are hands-on, exploratory activities.

• Self-Check activities provide practice with the skills and

• Mastering Concepts activities extend and apply the skills you

Bringing Ideas Together

© OPEN SCHOOL BC APPRENTICESHIP AND WORKPLACE MATHEMATICS ETEXT | v

At the end of each section you will find:

Throughout the section, you will see the following features:

AWM online resource (optional)

vi | APPRENTICESHIP AND WORKPLACE MATHEMATICS ETEXT © OPEN SCHOOL BC

• write questions about things you don’t understand.

• note things that you want to look at again.

• draw pictures that help you understand the math.

• identify words that you don’t understand.

• connect what you are learning to what you already know.

• make your own notes or comments.

Materials and Resources

© OPEN SCHOOL BC APPRENTICESHIP AND WORKPLACE MATHEMATICS ETEXT | vii

Photo by Jorge Salcedo © 2010

In this section, you will:

© OPEN SCHOOL BC APPRENTICESHIP AND WORKPLACE MATHEMATICS ETEXT | 1

• How are unit prices calculated?

• How do retailers express the price of items they wish to promote?

© OPEN SCHOOL BC APPRENTICESHIP AND WORKPLACE MATHEMATICS ETEXT | 3

Mila owns a health-food

Photo by Monkey Business Images © 2010

Which container would you buy?

4 | APPRENTICESHIP AND WORKPLACE MATHEMATICS ETEXT © OPEN SCHOOL BC

a. 18 lbs into kilograms.

b. To convert kilograms into pounds, see the pattern.

Following this pattern, 7.5 kg = 2.2 lb × 7.5 = 16.5 lb.

Turn to the solutions at the end of the section and mark

© OPEN SCHOOL BC APPRENTICESHIP AND WORKPLACE MATHEMATICS ETEXT | 5

In many grocery stores and markets

6 | APPRENTICESHIP AND WORKPLACE MATHEMATICS ETEXT © OPEN SCHOOL BC

Turn to the solutions at the end of the section and mark

© OPEN SCHOOL BC APPRENTICESHIP AND WORKPLACE MATHEMATICS ETEXT | 7

1. Complete a table like the following. An example has been done

3. Even if they are more expensive, why do some consumers prefer

Turn to the solutions at the end of the section and mark

Bringing Ideas Together

In Explore, you compared prices using 100 g as the comparison

8 | APPRENTICESHIP AND WORKPLACE MATHEMATICS ETEXT © OPEN SCHOOL BC

At the local supermarket, bananas are advertised at $0.59/lb. Estimate

Use the approximated unit price of 60¢.

© OPEN SCHOOL BC APPRENTICESHIP AND WORKPLACE MATHEMATICS ETEXT | 9

120¢ + 12¢ = 132¢

So, the price for one kilogram is approximately $1.32.

Bananas cost $1.30/kg.

1. Devan is flipping through a grocery flyer. He sees T-bone steak

10 | APPRENTICESHIP AND WORKPLACE MATHEMATICS ETEXT © OPEN SCHOOL BC

b. How would you mentally estimate the price per kilogram?

c. Why do you think the price is advertised per pound, rather

Turn to the solutions at the end of the section and mark

© OPEN SCHOOL BC APPRENTICESHIP AND WORKPLACE MATHEMATICS ETEXT | 11

My Notes Prices per 100 mL or 100 g