ATOMS 1, Anelectron of an atom transits from n; to m:.In which of the following maximum frequency of photon will be emitted? b)mi=2to m= Ifa is radius of first Bohr orbit in hydrogen atom, the radius of the third orbit is a)3a b)9a 27a daa 3. An electron collides with a hydrogen atom in its ground state and excites it to hydrogen atom in this inelastic collision is(neglect the recoiling of hydrogen atom) a) 10.2 eV by 12t.ev 6) 12.5 eV ) None of these 4. When a hydrogen atom is bombared, the atom is excited to then n = 4 state. The energy released, when the atom goes from n = 4 state to the ground state is a) 1.275 eV b) 12.75 ev Sev daev Excitation energy of a hydrogen like atom in its first excitation state is 40.8 eV. Energy needed to remove the electron from the fon in ground state is The energy given to a) 40.8 eV) b) 27.20 0) 54.40V ) 13.6 eV 6. The spectral series of the hydrogen atom that lies in the visible ragion of the electromagnetic spectrum a) Paschen b) Balmer ©) Lyman €) Brackett 7. Analpha nucleus of energy mv? bombards a heavy nuclear target of charge Ze. Then the distance of closest approach for the alpha nucleus will be proportional ta a) v? b) 1/m ) 1fv* a) 1/ze 8. _ Interms of Bohr radius a,, the radius of the second Bohr orbit of a hydrogen atoms is given by a) 4a, b) 8a, ) V2a, d) 2a, 9. The Kinetic energy of the electron in an orbit of radius r in hydrogen atom is (e =electronic charge) e e e e — b)— = dj as I Cs a 10. Ifthe binding energy of the electron in a hydrogen atom is 13.6 eV, the energy required to remove the electron from the first excited state of Li?*is a) 30.6eV, b) 13.6eV ) 34ev d) 122.40v 11. ‘The ratio of minimum to maximum wavelength in Balmer series is a) 5:9 b) 5:36 ot 34 12. Vis the frequency of the series limit of Lyman series, V2 is the frequency of the firstline of Lyman series and V4 is the frequency of the series limit of the Balmer series. Then aia 1 a) yu = by, = vy Darel a5 13. The orbital frequency of an electron in the hydrogen atom is proportional to a)n® bn? gn dyn? 14. Given thatin a hydrogen atom, the energy of nth orbit £, = ~“Sev, The amount of energy required to send electron from first orbit to second orbit is, a) 10.2 eV b)121eV ©) 13.6eV d)34eV 15. The ratio of minimum to maximum wavelength in Balmer series is a) 5:9 b) 5:36 ga 3:416. Which state of triply ionised beryllium (Be**) has the same orbital radius as that of ground state of hydrogen? a)n=3 byna4 n=l an=2 17. The spin-orbit interaction has no effect in the level of the hydrogen atom a) s —level d)p—level 0) d-level @) f “level 18. Ifthe radii of nuclei of ,AI°7 and j9Zn® are Ry and R, respectively, then #is equal to 27 64 4 3 as os oF ar 19. For ionisingan excited hydrogen atom, the energy required (in eV) will be a) Alittie less than 13.6 b) 13.6 ©) More than 13.6 d) 3.4 or less 20. Let the PE of hydrogen atom in the ground state be zero. Then its total energy in the first excited state will be a) 27.2eV »)23.8eV o) 1260 4) 10.2 ev 21. The ground state energy of hydrogen atom is ~13.6 eV. When its electron is in the first excited state, its excitation energy is a) 34eV b)68eV ) 102ev d) zero 22, ‘Two energy lavels of an electron in an atom are separated by 2.3 eV, The frequency of radiation emitted when the electrons go from higher to lower level is a) 6.95 x 10! Hz b) 3.68 x 10° Hz 0) 5.6 x 10" Ha, ) 911 x 108 Hz 23. Aneon sign does not produce a) Aline spectrum b) An emission spectrum ©) An absorption spectrum 4) Photons. 24, The ratio of the frequencies of the long wavelength limits of the Lyman and Balmer series of hydrogen is, a) 27:5 b) 5:27 al dis 25, The required energy to detach one electron from Balmer series of hydrogen spectrum is a) 13.6 eV b) 10.2 eV 34eV d)-15eV 26. The radius of hydrogen atom in its ground state is 5.3 x 10-'! m, After collision with an electron itis found to have a radius of 212 x 10-1 m. What is the principal quantum number n of the final state of atom? ayn=4 byn=2 gn=16 Qn=3 27. The diagram shows the energy levels for an electron in a certain atom. Which transition shown represents the emission of a photon with the most energy? ; dom 7+ | aoe Ii 2ne won = 1 a) ut bv gl aul 28, When hydrogen atom is in its first excited level, its radius is how many times its ground state radius? a) Half b) Same ©) Twice 4d) Four times 29. An electron jumps from the 4th orbit to 2nd orbit of hydrogen atom. Given the Rydberg's constant R = 105 cm ~, the frequency in hertz of the emitted radiation will be 9 108 3 a0 z ©) 7X 10) px 10 30. An electron is moving in an orbit of a hydrogen atom from wl An electron is moving in an orbit of another hydrogen atom from which there can be a maximum of three transition. The ratio of the velocities of the electron in these two orbits is 1 2 5 3 a5 oF oF az there can be a maximum of six transition 31, The ionization energy of Li** is equal toa) ck b) 6 he ) 2her a) heR 32, An a-particle of energy 5 MeV is scattered through 180° by a fixed uranium nucleus, The distance of the closest approach is of the order of a)1A b) 10-7 cm ¢) 107 cm d) 10-5 cm 33. Inthe Bohr model of the hydrogen atom, let R, Vand £ represent the radius of the orbit, the speed of electron and the total energy of the electron respectively. Which of the following quantities is proportional to quantum number n? a) z ©) RE QvR 34, The energy of a hydrogen atom in its ground state is ~13.6eV. The energy of the level corresponding to the quantum numbern = 5 is a) -0.54 eV b)-5.40eV 9) 20.58 ev d)-272ev 35, Three photons coming from excited atomic hydrogen sample are observed, their energies are 12.1 eV, 10.2 eV and 1.9 eV. These photons must come from a) Single atom b) Two atoms ©) Three atoms 4) Either two or three atom 36, First Bohr radius of an atom with Z = 82s R. Radius of ts third orbit is, aOR bor gar ager 37. Radius of zHe* nucleus is 3fermi, The radius of g,Pb?0° nucleus will be a) 5 fermi b)6 fermi 6) 11.16 fermi 4) 8 fermi 38. Inan inelastic collision an electron excites a hydrogen atom from its ground state to a M-shell state, A second electron collides instantaneously with the excited hydrogen atom in the M-state and ionizes it.At least how much energy the second electron transfers to the atom in the M-state? a) +340V b)+151eV )-34eV d)-1510v 39, fan electron is revotving around the hydrogen nucleus at a distance of 0.1 nm, what would be its speed? a) 2.188 x 106ms“!—b) 1.094 x 106ms-?—¢) 4.376 x 106ms~" —d) 1.59 106 ms—1 40, lonisation potential of hydrogen atom is 13.6 eV. The least energy of photon of Balmer series is a) 34eV 0) 1.89 eV 6) 10.2 ev 85 eV 41, The angular momentum of electron in hydrogen atom is proportional to avr b) ifr gr ir 42, Hydrogen atoms are excited from ground state of the principal quantum number 4. Then the number of spectral lines observed will be a) 3 b)6 os a2 43, Wavelength of first line in Lyman series is A. The wavelength of first line in Balmer series is 5 27 5 Bs Za a. a) 554 IF rs 44, Mercury vapour lamp gives a) Continuous spectrum bb) Line spectrum ) Band spectrum 4) Absorption spectrum 45, For an electron in the second orbit of Bohr’s hydrogen atom, the moment of linear momentum is a) ne b) 2h act a" 7 © 46, ‘The angular momentum (L) of an electron moving ina stable orbit around nucleus is a) Half integral multiple of b) integral multiple of k ©) integral multiple of & 4) Half integral multiple of h 47. ‘The shortest wavelength in Lyman series is 91.2 nm. The longest wavelength of the series is a) 121.6 nm b) 182.4 1m ) 234.4 nm ) 364.8 nm 48. The first excited state of hydrogen atoms is 10.2 eV above its ground state. The temperature needed to excite hydrogen atoms to first excited level, isa) 7.9 x 10°K b)35 x 104K 5.8 x 104K d) 14x 108K 49, The ratio of the energies of the hydrogen atom in its first to second excited states is a) 9/4 wan os ais 50, If is the wavelength of hydrogen atom from the transition n =3 ton= doubly ionised lithium ion for same transition? , then what is the wavelength for a yaa o ov 51. In H spectrum, the wavelength of Hg line is 656 nm whereas in a distance galaxy, the wavelength of Ha line is 706 nm. Estimate the speed of galaxy with respect to earth, a) 2x 10%ms"? 0) 2 x 10’ms"? ) 2x 10%ms"? 2x 10%ms7? 52, Ina hydrogen atom, the electron in a given orbit has total energy —15 eV. The potential energy is a) 15 eV b)-15eV, 9) 3.0eV d)-3.0eV 53. The first member of the Balmer's series of the hydrogen has a wavelength A, the wavelength of the second member of its series is 27 20 7 4d) None ofthese as we, 92 dt IFA ) 55+ 54, Energy required for the electron excitation in Li? from the first to the third Bohr orbit is a) 363eV b) 1088 eV 9) 1224 eV d) 12.1eV 55. The ionisation potential of mercury is 10.39 V, How far an electron must travel in an electric field of 1.5. x 10° Vm" to gain sufficient energy to ionize mercury? a) 3 «10 x 10" m witty ©) 1.39 x 16 x 107m ys 56. Wavelength of light emitted from second orbit to first orbit in a hydrogen atom is a) 6563 A 4102 A 48614 ai2isA 57. White light is passed through a dilutee solution of potassium permanganate. The spectrum produced by the emergent light is a) Band emission spectrum b) Line emission spectrum ©) Band absorption spectrum d) Line absorption spectrum 58, The magnetic moment of the ground state of an atom whose open sub-shell is half-filled with five electrons is a) VE5 Jie W385 Hy 9) 35Vig ) ugV35 59. The wavelengths involved in the Spectrum of deuterium (3D) are slightly different from that of hydrogen Spectrum, because a) Sizes of the two nuclei are different ) Nuclear forces are different in the two cases. ©) Masses of the two nuclei are different @) Attraction between the electron and the nucleus is different in the two cases. 60. Consider an electron in the nth orbit ofa hydrogen atom in the Bohr model. The circumference of the orbit can be expressed in terms of the de-Broglie wavelength A of that electron as a) (0.529) na byvna 9) 3.6)a dyna 61. According to Bohr’s theory of hydrogen atom, for the electron in the nth allowed orbit the (@ Linear momentum is proportional to 1/n Gi)Radius is proportional ton ii)Kinetic energy is proportional to1/ n2 (iv) Angular momentum is proportional to Choose the correct option from the codes given below. a) (i), fii) (iv) are correct b) (1) is correct ©} @.Gi) are correct 4) (iil) is correct62. Ifelements with principal quantum number n> 4 not allowed in nature, the number of possible elements would be a) 60 2) 32 o4 64 63. Ina hypothetical bohr hydrogen atom, the mass of the electron is doubled. The energy £,and energy 7 of the first orbit will be (a, is the Bohr radius) a) Ey = ~27.20V: 7, = ag/2 b) Bo = =27.2eVi ry = ay ©) By = -13.6eV; 7) = 5/2 d) E, = -13.6eV;r, = ay 64. The electric potential between a proton and an electron is given by V = V) In, where ry is a constant. Assuming Bohr’s model to be applicable, write variation ofr, with n,n being the principal quantum number? 1 " a) man bm x ©) hy om Ones a m 65. The product of linear momentum and angular momentum of an electron of the hydrogen atom is proportional to n*, where x ao vt 9-2 a2 66. If series limit of Balmer series is 6400 A, then series limit of Paschen series will be a) 6400 A b) 18680 A ©) 144004 4) 2400 67. ‘The energy ofan electron in nth orbit ofthe hydrogen atom is given by , = —=£eV The energy required to raise an electron from the first orbit to the second orbit will be a) 10.2eV b)121ev 1360 a) 34ev 68. Energy F of a hydrogen atom with principal quantum number n ABS ev-the energy of a photon ejected when the electron jumps from n =3 state to n = 2state of hydrogen, is approximately a) L5eV ») 0.85 eV ) B4eV d)19ev 69. Inthe Bohr model of a hydrogen atom, the centripetal force is furnished by the coulomb attraction between the proton and the electron. If a,is the radius of the ground state orbit, m is the mass and e is charge on the electron and ¢, is the vacuum permittivity, the speed of the electro: ayo e e lamejaym °) Jecaom ° Faxeagm 4 v 70. The acceleration of electron in the first orbit of hydrogen atom is asm. ie a meh? = OTe ta Ta ik mr tener er 71. The figure indicates the energy levels of a certain atom. When the system moves from 2E level to, a photon of wavelength A is emitted, The wavelength of photon produced during its transition from “level toLis a 3a 4a a5 a> 9F a) 3a 72. The ionisation potential of hydrogen atom is ~13.6 eV. An electron in the ground state of a hydrogen atoms absorbs a photon of energy 12.75 eV. How many different spectral line can one expect when the electron make a downward transition? at wa 92 ae 73. Ifthe shortest wavelength in the Lyman series is 911.6 A, the longest wavelength in the same series will be a) 16004 b) 2430A ©) 1215A ) 20 74, The series limit wavelength of the Lyman series for the hydrogen atom is given by a) /R by a/R OR 4) 16/R 73, ‘The ratio of minimum wavelengths of Lyman and Balmer series will be a) 1.25 byo.2s os 4) 10 76. Inthe Bohr model of hydrogen atom, the electron is pictured to rotate in a circular orbit of radius 5 x 10! m, ata speed 2.2 x 10® ms~?, What is the current associated with electron motion?a) 112mA b)3 ma ©) 0.75 mA 225 ma 77. Ifthe atom jqofm°*7 follows the Bohr model and the radius of ;o9F'm?S” isn times the Bohr radius, then find n. a) 100 ») 200 o4 ais 78. ‘The energy of electron in the nth orbit of hydrogen atom is expressed as En eV. The shortest and longest wavelength of Lyman series will be 2) 910A,1213.A ¥)5463A,7858A ——) 1315,A,1530A 4) None of these 79. In hydrogen atom, the electron is moving round the nucleus with velocity 2.18 x 10® ms™! in an orbit of radius 0,528 A. The acceleration of the electron is a) 9 x 10% ms~ b)9 x 10% ms“? 9x 10% ms"? d) 9 x 10" ms~? 80. Rutherford’s atomic model could account for a) Concept of stationary orbits ) The positively charged control core of an atom ©) Origin of spectra 4) Stability of atoms 81. The energy ofan electron in an excited hydrogen atom is ~3.4 eV. Its angular momentum is a) 3.72 x 107 Js b)Z41 x 10" Js) 1.57 x 10-*4Js, d) 1.11 x 107% Js 82. The largest wavelength in the ultraviolet region of the hydrogen spectrum is 122. nm. The smallest wavelength in the infrared region of the hydrogen spectrum (to the nearest integer) is a) 802 am ») 823 nm ¢) 1882 nm 4) 1648.nm 83, IFA, and A,are the wavelengths of the first members ofthe Lyman and Paschen series respectively, then Ay fais a) 13 by 1:30 9) 7:50 4) 7-108 84, Which of the following lines of the H-atom spectrum belongs to the Balmer series? a) 10254 by 12184 ©) 48614 4) 18751 A 85. Continuous emission spectrum is produced by a) Incandescent electric lamp b) Mercury vapour lamp ©) Sodium vapour lamp 4) Polyatomiic substances 86, The ionisation potential of hydrogen atom is 13.6 eV. The energy required to remove an electron from the second orbit of hydrogen will be a) 274eV 0) 13.6 eV ) 34 ev 4) None of these 87. Ina hydrogen atom, the electron is making 6.6 x 10'Srevs~! around the nucleus in an orbit of radius 0.528 A.The magnetic moment (Am?) will be a) 1 x 1075 by x 10-1 oj 1 x 107% di x 10-7 88, The ratio of longest wavelength and the shortest wavelength observed in the fifth spectral series of emission spectrum of hydragen is a) 4/a b) 525/376 ©) 36/11 4) 960/11 89, In an atom, the two electrons move round the nucleus in circular orbits of radii R and 4. The ratio of the times taken by them to complete one revolution is a) 1/4 was oa gis 90. Which of the following transition gives the photon of minimum frequency? a) n=2to n=1 d)n=3t0 n=1 J n=3to n=2 An =4t0 n=3 91. Let the potential energy of hydrogen atom in the ground state be regarded as zero. Then its potential energy in the first excited state will be a) 204ev b) 13.6eV, o34ev d) 10.2ev 92. Of the following transition in the hydrogen atom, the one which gives an emission line of the highest frequency is a) n=1to n=2 b)n=2t0 n=1 o) n=3t0 n=10 d)n=10 to n=3 93. The acceleration of electron in the first orbit of hydrogen atom is 2, 2 2 2h? afzim wt o—t amr co ene Beer me94. The ratio of minimum wavelength of Lyman and Balmer series will be a) 10 »)5 9) 0.25 125 95. The first excitation potential of a given atom is 10.2 V. Then ionisation potential must be a) 204V b) 13.6 9) 306V 408 96, As the electron in Bohr orbit of hydrogen atom passes from state n=2 to nt, the kinetic energy K and potential energy U change as a) K two-fold, U four-fold b) K four-fold, U two-fold ©) K four-fold, U also four-fold 4) K two-fold, U also two-fold 97. The wavelength of the first spectral line of sodium is 5896 A. The first excitation potential of sodium atom will be (A = 6.63 x 10-*4]s) a) 42v b)35V o2iv 4d) None ofthese 98. The ratio of areas of the electron orbits for the first excited state and the ground state for the hydrogen, atom is a) 41 b) 16:1 Qs dy 2a 99. The total energy of an electron in the first excited state of hydrogen is about ~3.4eV. Its kinetic energy in this state is a) -34eV b)~ 68 eV 0) 68eV d34ev 100. If Epand Ey are the potential energy and kinetic energy of the electron in stationary orbit in the hydrogen atom, the value of £2 is ay2 b)-1 ot d)-2 101. Assuming f'to be frequency of first line in Balmer series, the frequency of the immediate next( ie, second) line is a) 0.50 f wis f 3) 2.05 f d)2.70F 102. A charged particle gis shot towards another charged particle Qwhich is fixed, with a speed ¥. It approaches Qupto a closest distance r and then returns. If q was given a speed 2v, the closest distance of appreach would be ay 2 a)r b)2r ore ar/s 103. Electrons in the atom are held to the nucleus by a) Coulomb's forces b) Nuclear forces ©) Van der Waals’ forces 4) Gravitational forces 104. Ifthe electron is a hydrogen atom jumps from an orbit with level n, = 3 to an orbit with level ny = emitted radiation has a wavelength given by pane SR 6 == was dase 105. The transition from the state n=4 to n=3 in a hydrogen like atom results in ultraviolet radiation. Infrared radiation will be obtained in the transition from a)2>1 b)342 452 543 106. Imagine an atom made up of proton and a hypothetical particle of double the mass of electron, but having the same charge as that of electron. Apply the Bohr atom model and consider all possible transitions of this, hypothetical particle to the first excited level. The longest wavelength photon that will be emitted has wavelength A,(given in terms of Rydberg constant R for hydrogen atom) equal to 36 18 4 ve De Or a5 107. Ifthe wavelength of the first line of the balmer series of hydrogen is 6561A, the wavelength ofthe second line ofthe series should be a) 131224 ») 3280 A ©) 4860 A 2187 108. Hydrogen atom excites energy level from fundamental state to n = 3. Number of spectrum lines, according to Bohr, isaya »)3 ot a2 109, Number of neutrons in C'? and Care a) Band 6. vj oands ) band a) Banda 110. lonization energy of He* ion at minimum position is a) 13.6 eV W272ev 9) 544eV 4) 68.00V 111. suppose an electron is attracted towards the origin by a force ©, where x is constant and r is the distance ofthe electron from the origin. By applying Bohr model to this system, the radius of the nth orbital of the electron is found to be r, and the kinetic energy of the electron to be Ty. Then which of the following is true? 1 i 2 OT emt x Ty = I & a a 112. The angular speed of the electric in the n th orbit of Bohr hydrogen atom is, a) Directly proportional to n b) Inversely proportional to Vit ©) Inversely proportional to n? 4d) Inversely proportional to n® 113. The first ine of Balmer series has wavelength 6563 A. What will be the wavelength of the first member of Lyman series? a) 1215.44 b) 2500 ©) 7500A 4) 6004 114. lonization potential of hydrogen atom is13.6 eV. Hydrogen atoms in the ground state are excited by monochromatic radiation of photon energy 12.1 eV. According to Bohr's theory, the spectral lines emitted by hydrogen will be a) Two b) Three ©) Four 4) One 115. Solar spectrum is an example for a) Line emission spectrum b) Continuous emission spectrum €) Band absorption spectrum 4) Line absorption spectrum 116. The wavelength of the first spectral line in the Balmer series of hydrogen atom is 6561 A. The wavelength ofthe second spectral line in the Balmer series of singly ionized helium atom is a) 1215 0) 16404 6) 24304 ) 4687 A 117. The ionization energy of hydrogen atom is 13.6eV. Following Bohr's theory, the energy corresponding to a transition between 3rd and 4th orbit is a) 340 eV by1siev 6) 0.85 eV 4) 0.66 eV 118. The nucleus of an atom consists of a) Electrons and protons b) Electrons, protons and neutrons ©) Electrons and Neutrons ) Neutrons and protons 119. Electrons in a certain energy level n= m,, can emit 3 spectral lines. When they are in another energy level, n= nz, they can emit 6 spectral ines. The orbital speed of the electrons in the orbits are in the ratio a) 43 b) 34 2 aia 120. Which of the following transition in Balmer series for hydrogen will have longest wavelength? a) n=2to n=1 b)n=6t0 n= 6) n=3t0 n=2 d)n=6t0 121, In Raman effect, Stokes’ lines are spectral lines having, a) Frequency greater than that of the original line ) Wavelength equal to that of the original line ) Wavelength less than that of the original fine 4) Wavelength greater than that of the original line 122, Which of the following atoms has the lowest ionization potential? a) WN by "Hes ©) {Bar a) "40 123. For hydrogen atom electron in n th Bohr orbit, the ratio of radius of orbit to its de-Broglie wavelength is n n t 1 ae ye — ag a) 2a on a 2mm Same124. Ifthe electron in hydrogen atom jumps from the third to second orbit, the wavelength of the emitted radiation in terms of Rydberg constant R is given by 36 5R R aaa A =z Ore Mraz 125. In Bohr's model of hydrogen atom, which of the following pairs of quantities are quantized? a) Energy and linear momentum. b) Linear and angular momentum ©) Energy and angular momentum 4) None of the above 126. In the Bohr’s model of the hydrogen atom, the lowest orbit corresponds to a) Infinite energy b)Maximum energy c) Minimumenergy _) Zero energy 127. The atomic number and the mass number of an atom remains unchanged when it e a) aphoton b)aneutron ©) B particle ) Ana ~ particle 128, Band spectrum is also called a) Molecular spectrum b) Atomic spectrum ©) Flash. spectrum 4d) Line absorption spectrum 129. In a hydrogen atom, the electron moves around the nucleus in a circular orbit of radius 5 x 107!'m, Its time period is 15 x 1078.The current associated with the electron motion is (charge of electron is 1.6 10" C) a) 1.00 b) 1.066 x 10-3 A ) 181 x 10774 d) 1.66 x 10° A 130. Bohr’s atom model assumes a) The nucleus is of infinite mass and is at rest b) Electrons in a quantized orbit will not radiate energy ©) Mass of electron remains constant d) All the above conditions, 131. An electron of charge e moves with a constant speed v along a circle of radius r, its magnetic moment will be a) evr Db) evr/2 ) mrev ) 2nrev 132. The ratio of the wavelengths for 2 — 1 transition in Li?*, He* and His a) 128 wide tat a) 3:21 v7 133, lonization potential of hydrogen atom is 13.6 eV. Hydrogen atoms in the ground state are exicted by monochromatic radiation of photon energy 12.1 eV. The spectral lines emitted by hydrogen atom according to Bohr's theory will be a) One b) Two ©) Three ) Four 134, The production of band spectra is caused by a) Atomic nuclei b) Hor metals: ©) Molecules d) electrons 135, In Rutherford scattering experiment, what will be the correct angle for « scattering for an impact parameter 6=0? a) 90° 2) 270° Qo a) 180° 136. According to Bohr's atomic model, the relation between principal quantum number(n) and radius of orbit(r) fs rent bred iret ron ne n 137. In the spectrum of hydrogen atom, the ratio of the longest wavelength in Lyman series to the longest wavelength in the Balmer series is a) 5/27 ») 1/93 4/9 3/2 138. The wave number of the energy emitted when electron comes from fourth orbit to second orbit in hydrogen is 20,397 cm~!. The wave number of the energy for the same transition in Hetis a) 5,099 m= ») 20,497 em ©) 144004 4) 81,588 cn™ 139, At the time of total solar eclipse, the spectrum of solar radiation will have a) A large number of dark Fraunhofer linesb) A smaller number of dark Fraunhofer lines 6) Nolines at all 4) All Fraunhofer lines changed into bright coloured lines ference of angular momenta of an electron in two consecutive orbits in hydrogen atom? Qn 140. What is the h A as oe ° 141, The colour of the second line of Balmer series is a) Blue +b) Yellow c) red d) violet 142. An a —particle of energy SMeV is scattered through 180° by a fixed uranium nucleus. The distance of closest approach is of the order of ayiae 6) 107? em 9 10-em ) 10-*5em 143. The wavelength of radiation emitted is Ag when an electron jumps from the third to the second orbit of hydrogen atom. For the electron jump from the fourth to the second orbit of hydrogen atom,the wavelength of radiation emitted will be 16 20 27 25 a) a40 d)sp40 ID Dro 144. For light of wavelength 5000 A, photon energy is nearly 2.5 eV. For X-rays of wavelength 1 A, the photon energy will be close to a) [2.5 + 5000]eV b)[25+(5000)7JevV —c) [2.5 x 5000]eV ) [2.5 x (5000)Jev 145, The ionisation energy of 10 time ionised sodium atom is h oF 1 2yy a6 QR6x aD ayssee 146. What is the maximum wavelength of light emitted in Lyman series by hydrogen atom? a) 691 nm b) 550 nm ©) 380 nm ¢) 122mm 147. The Rydberg constant R for hydrogen is 2n?me? — b)yR= —— cn Ve ch 1? 202m 1)? 2n?met “(+ == R= ee 98 = (Gee) “ee D8= (Ge) “a 148. A photon collides with a stationary hydrogen atom in ground state inelastically. Energy of the colliding photon is 10.2 eV. After a time interval of the order of micro second another photon collides with same hydrogen atom inelastically with an energy of 15n eV. What will be observed by the detector? a) 2 photon of energy 10.2 eV. ) 2 photon of energy of 1.4 eV. ©} One photon of energy 10.2 eV and an electron of energy 1.4 eV 4) One photon of energy 10.2 eV and another photon of energy 1.4 eV 149, The ratio of kinetic energy and the total energy of the electron in the nth quantum state of Bohr’s atomic model of hydrogen atom is a) -2 b)-1 +2 ati 150. When an electron jumps from the orbit = 2 to n = 4,then wavelength of the radiations absorbed will be (Ris Rydberg’s constant) 16 16 az oF oR 151. Assuming the mass of earth as 6.64 x 10” kg and the average mass of the atoms that makes up earth as 40 1 (atomic mass unit), the number of atoms in the earth is approximately a) 10°° by 10" ) 10°" 4) 10%° 152. The shortest wavelength which can be obtained in hydrogen spectrum is (R = 107 m™*) a) 1000 A by a00A ) 13004 4) 21004 sR w Sk Ni6 = fi153. The K, line of singly ionised calcium has a wavelength of 393.3nm as measured on earth. In the spectrum, of one of the observed galaxies, the spectral line is located at 401.8 nm, The speed with which this galaxy is moving away from us, will be a) 7400 ms“ b)324 x 107 ms“? 6480kms™? 4) None of these 154. The binding energy of the electron in the lowest orbit of the hydrogen atom fs 13.6 eV. The energies required in eV to remove an electron from the three lowest orbits of the hydrogen atom are a) 13.6, 6.8, 8.4 0) 13.6, 10.2, 34 6) 13.6, 27.2, 40.8 4d) 13.6,34,15 155. What is the radius of lodine atom? (Atomic no.S3, mass no.126) a) 25x 107m b) 2.5 x 10-%m 7x 107m 4)7x10-'m 156. Hydrogen atom from excited state comes to the ground state by emitting a photon of wavelength A. IF is the Rydberg constant, the principal quantum number n of the excited state is aR a AR® aR Ae ») 9 gd | 2R=1 aR 1 IR {a-1 157. The spectrum of an oil flame is an example for a) Line emission spectrum b) Continuous emission spectrum ©) Line absorption spectrum 4) Band emissionspectrumyb 2 b 3) b 4) b/s) a jc 68 b 7M db Balas) a 9 b 10) a 11) a 12) al93)_ 13) b 14) a 15) a 16) d|97)_ 17) a 18) d 19) B20) d/101)_b 21) ¢ 22) c 23) © 24) al105) a 25) © 26) b 27) a 28) d/109)_b 29) © 30) d 31) a 32) c|113) a 33) d 34) a 35) © 36) alti7) 37) © 38) b 39) ds 40) a24) a 41) a 42) b 43) © — 44)_—b/ 125) c 45) d 46) c 47) a 48) aliz9) d 49) a 50) c Si) b 52) dl133) 53) b 54) b 55) -b 56) d|137) a 57) ¢ 58) d 59) c 60) Jit) a 61) a 62) a3) aA) 45) 65) a 66) c 67) a 68) d|149) b 6) c¢ 70) c¢ 71) d 72) d/153) © 73) ¢ 74) a 75) b 76) al157) b 7 4d 78) a 79) b 80) b 81) b 82) b 83) dB)ATOMS ) As Fy > Fe > 2 ie, photon oh higher frequency will be emitted if transition takes place from n=2 to n=1. (b) Radius of Bohr orbit is given by Ga) The quantities in the bracket are constant rent The expression gives the radius of the nth Bohr orbit ty (b) The energy taken by hydrogen atom corresponds to its transition from state, AE (given to hydrogen atom) =136(1-2) 3.6x2= 121 eV ® Energy released = Ey ~ E, 136 ( 13.6 8 (138) «arse © The excitation energy in the first excited state is E = RheZ® (35~ 3) = (13.6 eV) xz x 408 =136 x22 x2 > z=2 So, the ion in problem is He*. The energy of the lon in the ground state is B= 2 136 x 4 = S44eV Hence, 54.4 eV is required to remove the electron from the ion, 6 &) Ultraviolet region Lyman series Visible region Balmer series Infrared region Paschen series, Brackett series Pfund series From the above chart itis clear that Balmer series, lies in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum, 7 (b) At distance of closest approach relative velocity of two particles is v. Here target is considered as stationary, so a-particle comes to rest instantaneously at distance of closest approach, Let required distance is r, then from work energy- theorem, oT a rot « Ze* 8 @ As r cc n®, therefore, radius of 2nd Bohr’s or lonisation energy for first excited state of Li** is 30.6 eV. 1 @) For maximum wavelength of Balmer series12 13 u4 15 16 ma Ga) -O For minimum wavelength of Balmer series, Oy et ee mt RG-S)=4 ( From Egs(Jand (I), we have fain XS 4S max 30 fa) Frequency, v= RC[= v=acl— v= Rc v= Re [b= z a = (b) Time period of electron, T- fens Amin _ 8x5 Anax 36 @ Radius of orbit of electron in nth excited state of hydrogen ~@ But So, Here, A(ground state of hydrogen), Z.= (atomic number of hydrogen), 7 19) 20 24 22 23 4(atomic number of beryllium) m= (yt 2 or ng=4 or n (a) For spin-orbit interaction, only the case ofl 2 1 is important since spin orbit interaction vanishes for I=0. () Hydrogen atom normally stays in lowest energy state (n=1), where its energy is £, = BE = —Rhe On being ionized its energy becomes zero. Th ionization of hydrogen atom is nergy after ionisation ~ energy before ionisation 0 (-Rhe) = Rhe 1.097 x 107 m™) (6.63 x 10-34) — s)(3 x 108ms~") 1.8 x 10-2) @ Inground state TE=—13.6 eV In first excited state, TE=—3.4 eV, ie, 10.2 eV above the ground state. If ground state energy is taken as zero, the total energy in First excited state = 10.2 eV © Given, ground state energy of hydrogen atom Fy = -136eV Energy of electron in first excited state (ie,n=2) Fy=-Beev ‘Therefore excitation energy AE = Ey By a ~88-(-13.6)= -3.4413.6=10.2eV o Given, Ey fy = 2.3eV BEE On Ee Gana 055 x 1055 55 x 10 Hz © ‘The Spectrum of light emitted by a luninous source is called the emission Spectrum, Neon bulbgives an emission Spectrum. The spectrum of the neon light has several bright lines, The red lines are bright. The emission Spectrum of an element is the exact opposite of its absorption Spectrum, that is, the frequencies emitted by a material when heated are the only frequencies that will be absorbed when itis lighted with a white light, Hence, neon sign does not produce an absorption Spectrum. 23 ©) In Balmer series, n = 2 pat aasev mT aee 26 (b) rent z-() 27 ‘Thus, transition III gives most energy. Transition | represents the absorption of energy. 28 (a) For ground state, = 1 For first excited state, n = 2 Asr on? + radius becomes 4 times. als ne 1 =sxiohao7(d 30 (a) Number of spectral lines obtained due to transition of electrons from nth orbit to lower orbitis, non-t) ua" nara) Tease 6 = 2 Mcase 3 = "ee > ny =3 Velocity of electron in hydrogen atom in nth orbit 1 Vy = n 31 (@) Ionization energy = RehZ® 2 = 3 for Li Ionization energy =(3)2Rch = 9Rch © According to law of conservation of energy, kinetic energy of e-particle tential energy of a-particle at distance of closest approach yyy? = 1 tte HG er sMeya2220°xaedx 026) (<3? p= Deo xexo2n( Lo x0-)* Mev ) r =53 x 10 m= 10-%em 33. (a) As Rx nijy och and Bae 1 ste (Len!)ig yt en 34 (a)o These photons will be emitted when electron makes transitions in the shown way. So, these transitions is possible from two or three atoms. From three atoms separately. @) Radius of Bohr's orbit = Rxn® Ry = 3°R = OR © We have,r « Al/# constant) Minimum energy required by electron should be +151eV. @ Electrostatic force = centripetal force 1 Ze? Gna _ ffi 0 Sine mor _ [ae ceee Baxi) x OrnI0} = 1,59 x 105ms © Least eneray of photon of Balmer series is sbtained when sh electron jumps to 2nd orbit from 3rd orbit 42 (0) Number of spectral lines nent) _ 4043) 43 (9) According to Bohr, the wavelength emitted when an electron jumps from m,th to math orbit is For first line in Lyman series a7 PGe-3) fi) oi) () When electric discharge is passed through mercury vapour lamp, eight to ten lines from red to violet are seen in its spectrum. In some line spectra there are only a few lines, while in many of them there are hundreds of them. Hence, mercury vapour lamp gives line spectra. @ ‘The moment of linear momentum is angular momentum 44 Here, n=2 2h h mm 46 (<) Foran electron to remain orbiting around the nucleous, the angular momentum (L) should be ‘an integral multiple of h/2m. 8 ie, ‘mor where n principle quantum number of electron, | _fr136 (136 a= Fa -Gae and h= Planck's constant 47 (a) = welt 31 BEXS ‘The wavelength (4) of lines is given by a 31 =— 36 length (2) of 528m here For Lyman series, the shortest wavelength is for 4 @) n= and longest is for n=2. Angular momentum = “ie, @ it Gi) Lenayr (wren?) Dividing Eq.(ii) by Eq, (i), we get49 50 SL 52 53 Given, fa) According to kinetic interpretation of temperature 121.6nm, So, 2kP=102 x16 x 10") or rab neaeaie a 1.38 x10" 9 wR fa) ‘st excited state corresponds ton = 2 2nd excited state corresponds ton Ey _ng_ #9 En 2 4 © For wavelength 1 11 Lligge (Ld (aw) Here, transition is same so, Aad An _ Zui? _ @ Cy? 50 nm = 50x 10-%m, BA SOX soy 7° 656% 10-9 = 2.2% 107s @ PE= 2 x total energy = 2-15) eV (b) ‘The wavelength of series for m is given by ter(S-4) were R is Rydberg’s constant. oev 54 55. 56 58 60 61 62 For Balmer series n=3 gives the first member of series and n=4 gives the second member of series, Hence, o) Ag = 13.627 (4-2 a = 136 3)f =108.8 eV (b) Electric field E @ Lo in *(e-) = 421097 x107x3 a . 4 » A=1215 x10-7%m 1215 A @ ‘The magnetic moment of the ground state of an atom is = Vn Die Where, itp is gyromagnetic moment. Here, open sub-shell is halfilled with § electrons. ie, n=5 w= {56 +2).ne =HsV35 @ Circumference of nth Bohr orbit = n 2 (a) According to Bohr’s theory of hydrogen atom , angular momentum is quantized ie, L = mvyh =n ) nity = (5 or Len Radius of the orbit, 0 Kinetic Energy = "25 te, koe 3 f@)Number of possible elements (1? +2? + 37 +42) (14449416) = 60 A 9 9 i 63 as = @ Anan = = Trgaa = M400 Asrad 67 (@) F=8,-£, 102ev 68 (a) Given, Fy = BS ev Energy of photon ejected when electron jumps from n=3 state to n=2 state is given by AF = E-E; 136 126 B= - Gv a-Si 136 13.6 ‘This force will provide the necessary centripetal B= -Grv=-e force, Hence So, =19eV or o o (approxima) Moreover Centripetal force=force of attraction of nucleus mor = at ii) on electron Dividing Bq. (ii) by Eq, (i), we have Energy used for excitation is 12.75 eV Or Ty oT ireymay 65 (a) Linear momentum = mv = 2% 70 (9 Angular momentum = 2% From mur Given, tant we Linear momentum x angular momentum « n* Acceleration, a => = Tay = Time meZ nh, 137m * 2n*<™ vt BF acint In the first case, energy emitted, = x=0 t 66 ©) t Series limit of Balmer series is given by Inthe second case, energy emitted ! 4E i s 1 a 1 pete t tgs smi trasimmatees angie i Tan 6400 ~ 1600 1 72 (a i Series limit of Paschen series would be E = Bj? 7 . 1 t t 1 i t iie, (136 +12.75)eV = —085eV Energy levels of H-atom ‘The photon of energy 12.75 eV can excite the = fourth level of H-atom a ‘Therefore, six lines will be emitted, ant Fai, > Amin = 79 (b) Given, v=218 x 10° ms 0.528 x 107m Acceleration of electron moving round the nucleus 220x108} = @ = Se = 9 x 10? ms? a1 (b) 74 (a) Energy of electron in nth energy level in hydrogen For Lyman series, atom 1_jft ia = a(S z) =R Here, So, 75 (b) Angular momentum from Bohr’s principle ‘The series end of Lyman series corresponds to nth transition from n, = oto ae Batt = 11x 10 Js ‘ny = 1, corresponding to the wavelength a i. 3 82 (b) Fan“ Rhi-a]= & The series in U-Y region is Lyman series. Longest > Gmid =4= 9124 0) wavelength corresponds to, minimum energy a a which occurs in transition from n=2 to m 122 ED (i) ‘The smallest wavelength in the infrared region corresponds to maximum energy of Paschen Tame > Gmina Dividing Fq.(1) by Eq. (ii) .we get Gaye), Qawe O25 series. 76 (a) = Frequency of revolution of electron, * a ee @ 2 22x10° 5 Fe, f= aap inex iorty = 70 * 10! He Solving Eqs.(1) and (ii), we get Current associated, i=9 f ‘2 = 823.5 nm 1.6 x 10779)(7.0 x 10") e3 (a) ; 1.2 x 104A = 112mA For first line of Lyman series, ' 77 m=1 and n; ‘m? 1 oe 1 (in) = (Fes = ox 03h s paR(e-z)=a(t ' m? For first line of Paschen Series 1 ad n=3 and n,=4 | m=S for ;0Fm?5? (the outermost shell) and z = 1 ‘1 1 100 ‘ > ‘ arta)" ‘ (5)? 1 AR 4 7 1 "= To0 5 * 5,7 aa 38 708 ; 78 (a) 84 (c) 7 t t t t‘The wavelength of different members of Balmer series are given by i The first member of Balmer series (H..) corresponds to n,=3.{t has maximuin energy and hence the longest wavelength. Therefore _wavelength of H. line (or longest wavelength ) = Ry k-3 |, where n= 3,45, eal = 1.097 x 107 (2) Sx i097 x10" n= 65634 The wavelength of the Balmer series limit, corresponds tom; = o> and has got shortest wavelength ‘Therefore, wavelength of Balmer series limit is, given by ie OF Ae = or Ay 6,563 x 10-7 m Ruf] = 1.097 x 107 x E ‘097 x0" = 36464 Only 4861 A is between the first and last line of the Balmer series, 85 (a) Incandescent electric lamp produces continuous emission spectrum whereas mercury and sodium vapour give line emission spectrum. Polyatomic substances such as H, CO, and KMnO, produces, band absorption spectrum, 86 (0) ‘The potential energy of hydrogen atom 646 x 1077 m BSey So, the potential energy in second orbit is 136 E, = - Bev 136 y= -a4ev Ey 7° e Now, the energy required to remove an electron, from second orbit to infinity is U = Ey, ~ E; [From work-energy theorem and En = 0) > U=0-C34)eV Or U=34ev Hence, the required energy is 3.4 eV. 87 (co) Current, 66 x 105 x 16 x 10-9 105 x 10-*A Area A = mR?= 3,142 x (0.528)? x 10-7 m? So, magnetic moment M = [4 = 10.5 x 10- x 3.142 x (0.528)? x 107° 10"? units =10x10-* 88 (co) For Pfund series, 25x36 TR Ay _ 25x36 R Ba SKB ye 3, TR *25 = oo (a) Fy 4 e085 8%) 7 ptr scoastevs 7 n=2(3.4eV) LT i es 3.6 eV) 13.6 -(-3.4) = -10.2ev = 13.6- (= 151) = -12.09ev =34- (-15)= -1.89eV = 1.51 - (= 0.85) = - 0.66 ev least ie, frequency is lowest. n= 10(-0.136 ev) Es e * n= 4(085eV) n=3(-451eV) E1b tee Piscean 136 -(-3.4) = -102eV -34-(—136) = +102eV = 0136 - (1.51) = —1374eV E, =—151~- (-0.136) =-1374eV ‘When an electron makes transition from higher energy level having energy E,(n) to lowerenergy level having energyB, (1), then a photon of frequency v is emitted. Here, for emission line E, is maximum hence, it will have the highest frequency emission line. 3 (0) 4 95 The minimum energy needed to ionise an atom is called ionisation energy. The potential difference through which an electron should be accelerated to acquire this much energy is called ionisation potential. (En - Evy = 10.2 eV or ou — ey = 10.200 (Ey = -136eV Hence ionisation potential energy is (Ex) ~ (Edy = : lonisation potential = 13.6 V 96 ©) ASU =2E,K=-E Hence, K and U change as four fold each. 7 © ‘The energy of first excitation of sodium is, he FE = hate Where his Planck's constants, vis frequency, ¢ is speed of light and A is wavelength. 6.63 x10" x3 x10" 5896 XI 337 X10-19J Also since 1.6 X 10-19} = 1eV 337 x10? =qexio B= 21ev Hence corresponding first excitation potential is 24. 98 (b) ‘The radius of the orbit of the electron in the nth excited state manegh? Te = amimze? For the first excited state For the ground state of hydrogen atom n=1,Z=1 The ratio of radius The ratio of area of the electron orbit for hydrogen atom snr ane"y 16 2 @ Kinetic energy of electron Ze? Biregr Potential energy of electron le Total energy RU Sree tase or ear or or -(-34) or 100 (a) Asis known, PE = ~2KE te, Bp =~ 2b or = 101 (b) For Balmer series, ny =2 and n;=345,... Frequency, of 1st spectral line of Balmer series pa Ree(& or feRttext Frequency, of 2nd spectral line of Balmer series or = RP oxe Form eqs. (i) and (ii), we have 12 fo102 (a) Leta particle of change q having velocity v approaches Q upto a closest distance r and if the velocity becomes 2v, the closest distance will be rn ‘The law of conservation of energy yields, Kinetic energy of particle=electric potential energy between them at closest distance of approach. 218 or 2 ey or cr) = constant = cL) and Fav? = Kt Ci) Dividing Eq. (i) by Eq.i), mw? HOw Inco 103 (a) ‘The positively charged nucleus, has electrons revolving around it in stationary orbits. The Coulomb's force provides the necessary centripetal force attraction to keep the electrons is orbits & 104 (a) Wavelength emitted (4)is given by tk a 36 SR 3)" a 105 (a) Infrared radiation corresponds to least value of (4-S) te from Paschen, Brackett and Pfund series. Thus the transition corresponds to 5 + 3. 108 (@) In hydrogen atom, E, = Also, Ey & m, where m is the mass of the electron, Here, the electron has been replaced by a particle, whose mass is double the mass of an electron ‘Therefore, this hypothetical atom, energy is nth orbit will be given by The longest wavelength (or minimum energy) photon will correspond to the transition of particle from n = 3ton = 2 107 (0) For Balmer series, ny ~ 2,nz = 3 for Ist line and 4 for second line 3/16 _ 3 36_ 27 =) 7 5/67 16% 5 ~ 20 20 x 6561 = 49604 27 ~ 108 (b) Number of spectral lines = "= 30-1) 109 (b) No. of neutrons in C1? = 12 6 No. of electrons in C!*= 14-6 = 8 110 (©) Energy of helium ions, ee In minimum position, n= For Het,Z =2 pa TSH £ =544ev 111 (a) Radius of orbit ev v wen? Teint mon? = Reh 1 Be Energy E 113 (a)114 (b) Ionization energy corresponding to ionization. potential = -13.6eV Photon energy incident = 12.1 eV So,the energy of electron in excited state -136 +121 =-15ev le, fy =- Sev ie, energy of electron in excited state corresponds, to third orbit. ‘The possible spectral lines are when electron jumps from orbit 3rd to 2nd; 3rd to Istand 2nd to ‘st. Thus, 3 spectral lines are emitted. 115 (@) Solar Spectrum is an example of ine absorption. Spectrum. 116 (a) nes aime’ sores” ' Begond tng of Binet tate For hydrogen or hydrogen type ators ¥e(5-3) ay In the transition from ni nf Substituting the values, we have a7 1g 19 120 121 122 1215 A, OG-z) @ -E; 136 _/_136 Fe—(-Fe)=-o9s +151 = 066eV @ Nucleus Contains only the neutrons and protons. fa) Number of emitted spectral lines y =e Case N=3 _ ma = 1) 37 > nt —m -6 =0 (ny —3)(m; +2) case N=6 _ a(t -1) o> nbn, -12 =0 Velocity of electron v = == mrs" My 44 = 3-3 o According to the Bohr’s theory the wavelength of radiations emitted from hydrogen atom given by z ke-al A= TRE For maximum wavelength ifm, = mthenn, = + 1 + Ais maximumforn, = 3 and nm @ In Raman effect, Stokes’ lines are spectral lines having lower frequency or greater wavelength than that of the original line. ©) As :=Cs!* has larger size among the four atoms given, thus, electrons present in the outermostorbit will be away from the nucleus and the electrostatic force experienced by electrons due to nucleus will be minimum. Therefore, the energy required to liberate electrons from outer orbit will be minimum in case ofssCst38, 123 (a) For nth Bohr orbit, a fort de-Broglie wavelength x Ratio of both r and 4, we have sgn? a7 mae eh But 2 for nth orbit Hence, = 124 (@) From Bohr's model of atom, the wave number is given by whereR is Rydberg’s constant and n, and my the energy levels, ae eee 1 5 = ale 36 5R ‘This gives corresponding wavelength of Balmer series, 250) According to Bohr’s theory of atom electrons can revolve only in those orbits in which their angular ‘momentum is an integral multiple of, where h is Planck's constant. 2h ‘Angular momentum = mvr=24 Hence, angular momentum is quantized ‘The energy of electron in nth orbit of hydrogen atom, E =Sjoule ‘Thus, itis obvious that the hydrogen atom has some characteristies energy state. Infact this is true for the atom of each element, e, each atom has its energy quantized. Hence, both energy and angular momentum are quantised. 126 (¢) In hydrogen atom, the lowest orbit corresponds to minimum energy. 127 (a) Whena y — ray photon is emitted then atomic number and mass number remains unchanged. 131 (b) Here area of circular orbit of electron A = r?,current due to motion of electron Magnetic moment = iA w ox 132 (b) From Bohr's formula , the wave number (5) is given by t= 2 ( where Z is atomic number, R the Rydberg's constant and 7 the quantum number. = act z Atomic number of lithium is 3, of helium is 2 and of hydrogen is 1, Dut het A 133 (¢) Total energy of electron in excited state = =136 + 12.1 = —1.5 eV, which corresponds to third orbit. The possible spectral lines are when electron jumps from orbit 3rd to 2nd; 3rd to Ist and 2nd to 1st 134 (9) ‘The given type of spectrum has coloured bands of light on a dark-ground. One end of each band is sharp and bright and the brightness gradually decreases towards tie other end, Band spectrum, is obtained from the molecules in the gaseous state of matter, For example, when discharge is passed through oxygen, nitrogen or carbon dioxide, the light emitted from these gases give band spectrum. 135 (a) Impact parameter b o¢ cot Here b=0, hence, 6 = 180° 136 (a)Electron angular momentum about the nucleus is hi : an integer multiple of, where fis Planck's sonstant. Io = mer ren 137 (a) WH in atin oi dw rat Sime HUGE energy level to the first energy level then emitted lines form of Lyman series. a7?G-a) where 2 is Rydberg's constant. When an atom comes from higher energy level to the second level, then Halter series are abtalned Eo*G-2) For maximum wavelength oO n=3eaR(S- eS (i) Dividing Eq, (i) by Eq. (D, we get La Ia 138 (@) ele-zl 4 2039704 ae ge] y= 20897em For the same transaction in He atom (Z = 2) RZ? 1 hx! Fe = 20397 x 4 = 81588 cm™ 139 (a) Fraunhofer lines are certain dark lines observed in the otherwise continuous spectrum of the sum. According to Fraunhofer, these dark lines represent the absorption spectrum of the vapours surrounding the sun, The sun consists of a hot central core called photosphere, which is at an extremely high temperature = 14 x 107 K. itis surrounded by less dense, luminous and highly compressed gases. They are said to form sun's atmosphere. A continuous spectrum wa Proorhee Cubsphewe containing radiations of all wavelengths is emitted by the sun's atmosphere , surrounding this, is another sphere of vapours and gases at a comparatively lower temperature (6000 K), At the time of total solar eclipse, photosphere is covered, Emission lines from vapours of elements in chromosphere appear as bright lines, So, all Fraunhofer lines are changed into bright coloured lines. 140 (a) ‘The angular momenta of an electron is mor= 442 (@) When an atom comes down from some higher energy level to the second energy (n=2), then the lines of spectrum are obtained in visible part and give the Balmer series. RG p)n= For second line 3R = 1.097 x 107 m4 16 3x 1097 x10" = 4860 x 10° m = 4860A corresponds to colour blue, 2% 92(1.6 x 10-9)? x 9 x 10° Sxiexio™ Ge)(ze) “e(E) % 53x 107 4m = 10-"em 143 (b) Wavelength (2) during transition from n3to mis given by dese _ 20 ina 7 20 3 na = Fo 144 (9 As energy «4,‘Therefore, energy corresponding to 1 A = 2.5 x 5000 eV 145 (0) The energy of nth orbit of hydrogen like atom is, 2 z E, = -136 5 e Here,Z = 11 for Na atom. 10 electrons are removed already. For the last electron to be removed 13.6 x (11)? 2 By = RO ey ay = 7136 x (LI) eV 146 (d) In Lyman series, wavelength emitted is given by a= "le-a vibere, =44k and R =Rydberg’s constant 1.097 x 107m? For maximum wavelength n=2 1 : 027 «07 max = 1097 x10" [E = 1097 « 107 x2 ee =1216A =1216m Ama =122nm, 147 (d) 2n2mk2e* ( 1 y 2n?me* om neg) ene 148 (©) The first photon will excite the hydrogen atom (in ground state) in first excited state (as By ~ Ey — 10.2 eV). Hence, during de-excitation a photon of, 10.2 eV will be released. The second photon of energy 15 eV can ionize the atom. Hence the balance energy ie, (15 ~ 13.6) eV = 1.4 eV is retained by the electron, ‘Therefore, by the second photon an electron of energy 1.4 eV will be released. 149 (b) ‘The Kinetic energy of the electron in the nth state mz2et ~ Beghen® ‘The total energy of the electron in the nth state aR 3 151 (9) Jamu (oF 1 u)=1.6 x 10?” kg 40u=40 x 1.6 x 10777 ke Number of atoms in earth 664 10% ear 105° 152 (a) For minimum wavelength, = 00, ny =n. So, amin == = 100A 153 (9 From Hubble‘s law Zar Where Z red shift. distance of the galaxy aoe sendofgalany Also, 2 =P 5 = speed ofiant Given di = 4018 - 3933 =85 nm, 393.3 nm, 2 == 00216 Also 2 x 10° x 0.0216 4.8 x 105ms“* Since 1km = 108m, therefore v= 6480 kms 154 (@) 1. Three lower orbits 2.3 Lowest orbit isn correspond ton 155 (a) = 053 x 10"0.53 x 10-1? x 5? re we 25x 10-%m BEG) 157 (b) hem ae~ ae Conde Siesta Ta nN oe continuously varying wavelength in a definite = tera-d @ ee aie Sai KSA emission spectrum.ATOMS Statement 4: Statement 2: Statement 1: Statement 2: Statement 1: Statement 2: Statement 1: Statement 2; Statement 1: Statement ‘This section contain(s) 0 questions numbered 1 to 0, Each que: STATEMENT 2(Reason). Each question has the 4 choices (a), (I), (c) and (d) out of which ONLY ONE is correct. a) Statement 1 is True, Statement 2 is True; Assertion - Reasoning Type in contains STATEMENT 1(Assertion) and statement 2 is correct explanation for Statement 1 b) Statement 1 is True, Statement 2 is True; Statement 2 is not correct explanation for Statement 1 ) Statement 1 is True, Statement 2 is False d) Statement 1 is False, Statement 2 is True Itis difficult to excite nucleus to higher energy states by usual methods which we use to excite atoms like by heating or by irradiation of light. ground state or excited state for nucleus are meaningless. Terms An alpha particle is a doubly ionized helium atom, An alpha particle carries 2 units of positive charge. In He-Ne laser, population inversion takes place between energy levels of neon atoms. Helium atoms have a meta-stable energy level. Bohr had to postulate that the electrons in stationary orbits around the nucleus do not radiate, According to classical physics all moving electrons radiate, The different lines of emission spectra (like Lyman, Balmer etc) of atomic hydrogen gas are produced by different atoms, ‘The sample of atomic hydrogen gas consists of millions of atoms.ATOMSATOMS ' 1 3 i fe emeneno abc nieteusy aun ena 1. I Ascebtion i Te, Reson Tina, Reson employed for excitation for atoms because correct explanation of 1 difference in energy of allowed energy states for nucleus is of the order of tens to hundreds of Mev.| _ 2+ If Assertion is True, Reason is True, Reason is not correct explanation of 1 (b) t An alpha particle carries 2 units of positive charge} 3+ Hf Assertion js True, Reason Is False i and 4 units of mass. Itis made up of protons and 1 P of 4, If Assertion is False, Reason is True ' 2 neutrons which make a nucleus of helium ie, I helium atom is a deoid of 2 electrons ie, doubly Tonized helium atom.ATOMS CODES: A abc bb Oo a aga CODES: A abc oe Qo »b db (A). Nitrogen molecules (B) Incandescent solids (© Fraunhofter lines a 2. Match the following lists. (A) Burning candle (B) Sodium vapour (© Bunsen flame 1. Match the appropriate pairs from Lists | and II Column-I (D) Electric arc between iron roads a a Column-I (D) Dark lines in solar spectrum @) @ @ (s) @) @ @ (s) Matrix-Match Type This section contain(s) 0 question(s). Each question contains Statements given in 2 columns which have to be matched, Statements (A, B, C, D) in columns I have to be matched with Statements (p,q, r,s) in columns IL Column- It Continuous spectrum Absorption spectrum Band spectrum Emission spectrum Column-It Line spectrum Continuous spectrum Band spectrum Absorption spectrumATOMS ea da) as yo oa 2 4 | es yee eee 2 (@) give band spectrum and dark lines in solar Burning candle gives continuous spectrum, spectrum are due to absorption spectrum, sodium vapour gives line spectrum, Bunsen flame